captioning funded by cbs and ford. we go further, so you can. >> everybody's asking the question, "why is healthcare so expensive?" because the fix is in. that's the answer. that's the short answer. >> the former mayor of rockford, illinois says the cost of just one drug threatened to cripple his entire city's budget. in 2001, it sold for about $40 a vial. today? more than $40,000 a vial. in the entire city, just two babies needed it. >> we were spending hundreds of thousands of dollars for these sick baby cases. >> close to $500,000-- >> combined, yeah. >> --is what we heard. combined, yes. >> yes. >> syria's orphans are often children who have been brought into the world a second time.

they're rescued after attacks that kill brothers, sisters and parents. no one knows how many orphans there are. conservative estimates start at 100,000. they've lost their homes, they've lost their families, and they've lost their dignity in this war. >> yes. they lost everything. they lost even their identity. >> whether it's a male grizzly bear with battle scars, a cheetah chasing down its prey in tanzania, or butterflies sipping on the tears of a giant caiman in brazil, each of tom mangelsen's photographs tells a story. over the course of your lifetime, the amount of time you've spent waiting is incalculable, i'm sure. >> stupid. >> stupid? >> yeah. >> have you learned anything with all that waiting? >> you wait long enough, it does pay off. >> and at 72, he still travels to remote and inhospitable places. what he brings back are some of the most spectacular pictures of wild animals that you'll ever

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>> stahl: "the rockford file" is the story of how one very expensive prescription drug threatened to financially cripple an entire city. that city is rockford, illinois, an old industrial town outside of chicago. rather than using a health insurance company, rockford has, for years, paid its own healthcare costs for its 1,000 employees and their dependents. when rockford got hit with the

drug bill, it was so enormous, the mayor at the time set out to understand why. >> larry morrissey: everybody's asking the question, "why is healthcare so expensive?" because the fix is in. that's the answer. that's the short answer. >> stahl: when larry morrissey was mayor of rockford, he was hit with a crisis: the city was bleeding money. you found out that the health care budget was going bust. >> morrissey: yeah, the budget was out of control. >> stahl: and you had to squeeze other things. like what? >> morrissey: hiring police and firefighters. keeping fire trucks and other equipment on the streets. we started realizing that pharmaceutical costs were skyrocketing. >> stahl: and i heard that it was just one drug. >> morrissey: one particular drug, called acthar. >> stahl: in 2015, two small children of rockford employees were treated with acthar, a drug that's been on the market since 1952. it's used to treat a rare and potentially fatal condition called infantile spasms, that

afflicts about 2,000 babies a year. do you remember how much was on the budget for those two babies? >> morrissey: we were spending hundreds of thousands of dollars for these sick baby cases. >> stahl: close to $500,000-- >> morrissey: combined, yeah. >> stahl: --is what we heard. combined, yes. >> morrissey: yes. >> stahl: the drug works. it's considered the gold standard for infantile spasms. but as he discovered, it wasn't always so expensive. in 2001, acthar sold for about $40 a vial. today? more than $40,000. an increase of 100,000%! he wanted to know how that could have happened. but for two years, he kept running into a brick wall. why was it so hard to find out what was going on? and why? >> morrissey: it's absolute secrecy. there's an absolute opaque system of pricing for drugs in our country. that's part of the problem. >> stahl: his investigation got nowhere until last year, when the federal trade commission

charged the drug manufacturer, mallinckrodt, with violating anti-trust laws in order "to maintain extremely high prices for acthar." >> morrissey: and that was the big a-ha. >> stahl: that's the only way you learned? otherwise, you wouldn't know. >> morrissey: we may very well not have known. >> stahl: and what they now know infuriates them. so they have hired attorney don haviland to sue mallinckrodt for what they say is price fixing, a charge the company denies. >> don haviland: every company can make profits, but this is profiteering. this is gouging. >> stahl: as he dug into the case, he found out that acthar's biggest price increases came under the drug's previous owner, questcor, which mallinckrodt bought in 2014. when questcor started raising the price, were they doing any research and development, anything to make the product better, to tweak it? >> haviland: absolutely nothing. there was no r&d. there was no improvement in the product. there's no improvement in the company. all they did was raise the price.

>> stahl: to keep the price high, the f.t.c. found that they did something else: they bought another drug that was acthar's main competitor, a drug called synacthen, that's been sold in europe and canada for years. for how much? >> haviland: synacthen cost $33 in canada. $33 dollars. >> stahl: the acthar company bought the other drug? >> haviland: the competitive drug, yes. that's anti-trust, and that's why the federal trade commission went after them. because they took the only competitive product, paid a lot of money for it, and put it on the shelf. >> stahl: so they bought their only competitor, and then never sold it? >> haviland: correct. >> stahl: mallinckrodt admitted no wrongdoing, but in settling the case, the federal trade commission forced the company to pay $100 million. not that much, he says, for a company that makes more than a billion dollars a year on acthar alone. >> haviland: it's a drop in the bucket in this case. $100 million? it's nothing. >> stahl: in an email to us,

mallinckrodt said that when the big price increase came, they didn't own the company. it was questcor, not them. should they be responsible? they-- they-- >> haviland: absolutely. it's their company. they own questcor. they own the business model. and they're not lowering the price. >> stahl: in fact, mallinckrodt has raised the price by about $8,000 a vial since acquiring the company. mallinckrodt, which declined our request for an interview, sent us this email, saying that it has invested in new research and development into the drug. when we asked them how much, they told us, "this information is confidential and proprietary." in our own investigation, we found that, with only about 2,000 cases of infantile spasms a year nationwide, the company made a strategic decision in 2010 to sell acthar for other diseases. we were able to find an old press release that said as much: the company was going to "expand

our existing markets, and find new therapeutic uses for acthar." and so the company began to market the drug for several chronic conditions like rheumatoid arthritis that affect adults. >> peter bach: what's shocking to me, is half a billion dollars spent on this drug for seniors, where there's no evidence that it's the right drug for any of them. >> stahl: we asked dr. peter bach, who studies the cost and value of drugs at memorial sloan kettering in new york, to look into acthar for us. what got his attention is that by 2015, medicare was spending half a billion dollars a year on acthar. tens of thousands of dollars per vial-- not for weeks, as with babies, but for years. is there any evidence that these drugs are effective for the diseases that seniors are taking it? >> bach: i mean, none that the food and drug administration would consider convincing. >> stahl: so the food and drug

administration has not approved the drugs for these diseases? >> bach: so, the approval for these drugs predate any standard of evidence that we use today. >> stahl: the f.d.a. approved the use of acthar to treat these chronic conditions in 1952, when drug companies were only required to demonstrate a drug's safety, not its efficacy. >> bach: and more important, there's many other drugs that work, that are really quite inexpensive. >> stahl: why did doctors prescribe acthar for these diseases, if there's something cheaper? >> bach: many of the doctors who prescribed a lot of acthar also were getting money from the company that makes acthar-- for speaking, for consulting, for running research studies for the company, adding up to huge sums. and those doctors appear to be the ones who are most likely to also prescribe acthar. >> stahl: according to

propublica, an investigative reporting group that tracks how much physicians earn from drug companies, mallinckrodt paid doctors millions over a nearly two-year period, with the top earner getting more than $350,000. >> bach: they're using a time- tested strategy. they raise the price to a very high level, and they concentrate their energies on a few doctors whom they can get to prescribe the drug. and it works great for their revenue. it doesn't help patients. and in 2015, it added up to half a billion dollars of expenses for medicare. >> stahl: whether or not it's effective for these conditions-- and the company says it is-- medicare is not allowed to negotiate the price of drugs because of a law passed by congress. instead, medicare largely relies on a little-known business to do the negotiating for them, called pharmacy benefit managers, or p.b.m.s. and it isn't just medicare. it's also cities like rockford

that hire them to negotiate down the price of drugs. but as you'll see, even pharmacy benefit managers can benefit when drug prices are high. the company negotiating prices for rockford is express scripts, the nation's largest, representing tens of millions of patients. rockford is also suing that company. >> haviland: express scripts today is the 22nd largest company in america. bigger than home depot, microsoft, comcast. household names. >> stahl: so what are you saying about the role that express scripts played in this particular case? >> haviland: so, they didn't use their buying power. they didn't use their clout. their job was to go out and negotiate a lower price from the manufacturer. they didn't do it. >> stahl: how would they get the price down? what would they do? >> haviland: well, i can give you an example. this, where you've got a high- priced medication, one in particular, the drug was $13.50. it was raised one day 5,000%, to $750. >> stahl: one day? >> haviland: express scripts

says, "we're not going to pay it." the company refused to lower the price. they went out and got another manufacturer to manufacture it for $1. $1. >> stahl: they actually asked another company to make the same medication? >> haviland: yep, and that's the one they covered for their patients and payers. >> stahl: and are you alleging that they could have done this in this case? >> haviland: absolutely. >> stahl: he argues that express scripts should have used that same clout to force the cheaper alternative synacthen to market, the one that sold in canada for $33 a vial. we wanted to ask express scripts why it didn't, but they told us in this email that "due to pending litigation," they could not discuss the matter. but don haviland thinks he knows why they didn't fight for a lower price. >> haviland: in a word, the money. it's all about the money. they obviously have a divided loyalty. >> bach: express scripts is a big corporation. it also has parts of it that make money when drugs cost more,

and when more expensive drugs are sold. >> stahl: whoa. wait, wait, wait, wait! ( laughs ) you're saying that this p.b.m., whose function is to keep drugs' prices low, makes money when drug prices are high? is that what you've just said? >> bach: yes. so, express scripts is many companies, not just the p.b.m. it also owns a pharmacy that sells expensive drugs. it also owns a company that ships and packs expensive drugs. all of those other parts of express scripts corporation make more money the more acthar goes out the door, the more prescriptions for acthar are filled and refilled. >> stahl: the city of rockford was able to find out one more piece of the puzzle-- that express scripts, the company it hired to keep prices down, also had a contract to be the exclusive distributor of acthar.

rockford's lawyer, haviland, accuses express scripts of cheating the city. >> haviland: they serve two different constituents. you've got the manufacturers on one side, and the cities of rockford and patients on the other side. >> stahl: so, we have an email from express scripts, and they say that they don't think there's a conflict of interest, and that express scripts does not set the price for medications. that's their response. >> haviland: mm-hmm. we contracted with them for cost containment, and they didn't do it. >> stahl: but in the rockford lawsuit, express scripts has denied any wrongdoing, and, in its motion to dismiss, argues it was not "contractually obligated" to contain costs. >> haviland: it is laughable for them to say that. that is their business model. they sell the model of, "we will contain your costs. we will lower drug prices." i welcome that argument in court before a jury of 12. i welcome that argument. >> stahl: what do you think about this? this is your world.

you work in the area of drug prices and why they go up. >> bach: the underlying problem we have with prescription drugs in this country is that every single actor has the potential to make money when drug prices go up. remember that for drugs that doctors give to their patients, they make more money when they give expensive drugs, than less expensive drugs. it's true of hospitals, too. it's true of pharmacies as well. and so, this ever-expanding pie is serving everyone. >> stahl: everyone except those who need the drug, and those who pay for it, like medicare. mayor morrissey says it's been a long and difficult journey trying to untangle the web of interests that cost his city so much money. >> morrissey: the drug companies don't advertise, "hey, we're raping you. we're taking advantage of you. we're exploiting children and abusing taxpayers." they don't talk that way, right?

although that's what the net effect is of what they're doing. >> stahl: you almost sound like you're calling them a bunch of crooks. >> morrissey: that's your words. i like those words. i think they're good words. and as long as they can get away with the increase in price, they're going to do it. until somebody pushes back.

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>> pelley: imagine a catastrophe that leaves 2.5 million homeless children, and at least 100,000 orphans. it's happening in what the united nations calls one of the most dangerous places on earth for children. young syrians, many alone, now scavenge the destitute remains of a seven-year civil war. thousands of others have escaped over borders, only to find new dangers. major aid organizations are helping the children of syria, but we found ordinary people-- a t.v. reporter, a businessman from texas-- who have left their homes and careers, to rescue the orphans of war. aleppo. the name of syria's largest city is synonymous with suffering. this was the capital of the rebellion against the

dictatorship of bashar al-assad. ( gunfire ) and over seven years, he shelled and starved aleppo to oblivion. in late winter, 2016, children in an aleppo orphanage were forced by bombs to live for five months underground. they begged for help in a smuggled video. ten-year-old yasmeen qanouz spoke for the children. "this might be the last time you see and hear me," she said. "i have been living in an orphanage the past two years. there are 47 children here. we all hope to get out of aleppo." syria's orphans are often children who have been brought into the world a second time. they're rescued after attacks that kill brothers, sisters and parents. no one knows how many orphans there are.

conservative estimates start at 100,000. they've lost their homes, they've lost their families, and they've lost their dignity in this war. >> elaph yassin: yes. they lost everything. they lost even their identity. >> pelley: elaph yassin has never had a child, but she is the mother to dozens. yassin is a syrian correspondent for the al jazeera network, but her story was rewritten after she said goodbye to a homeless child she had met in the war. >> yassin: i give him money, and suddenly he has very shining smile. and he was running after my car for a long, long distance. that time i felt like, to be journalist, it's not to take, like, photos or to do reports, and that's it. you have to do something more. >> pelley: covering the story was not enough for you. >> yassin: no, it's not enough. you feel guilty, because you can go there and you give them hope that maybe if you put their

stories on tv so maybe somebody will help them. but usually nobody will help, or no response, because the people, they get used to see syrian kids, like, have problems or suffering. so they just then turn to another channel. >> pelley: but you couldn't turn to another channel. >> yassin: i could not. >> pelley: in 2015, with the help of a wealthy friend, yassin converted an apartment building in turkey into an orphanage, about 35 miles from syria. the turkish government, overwhelmed with refugees, looked the other way. you named the orphanage karim. why? >> yassin: it's in arabic means, like, a proper place or a place with dignity to live. because we wish that those children, they know exactly the meaning of dignity and how they keep it, after all the bad things they faced before they arrived to this place. >> pelley: some have lost both parents. others were left in yassin's

care after one parent was killed and the other had no way to support them. >> yassin: here, we are a family. we sit together, we eat together, we share secrets together, we share tears together. >> pelley: they call you mama? >> yassin: yeah. they call me mama. mama elaph. >> pelley: and you've got more than 40 of them. >> yassin: yeah, and i'm very proud. >> pelley: fatima is one of them. in aleppo, shrapnel lacerated her liver and broke her back. "life was never the same" she told us. after a year in the hospital, she is now here with her brothers, hamza and abbas. it must've been very hard for you to walk across the border. "my uncle carried me on his back," fatima told us. "i was on crutches and i couldn't climb up and down the mountains." she said that they were in the hands of smugglers and walked for hours. it took several tries to get across, and once, they were fired on by turkish border guards. their mother, unable to care for them, gave the children to the

orphanage. her father had been killed in aleppo. some of these children you care for have not only lost a parent, they've seen that parent killed. >> yassin: yes. many of them, actually. >> pelley: how are the children dealing with these horrors? >> yassin: actually, i think, like, god gave children something we adults, we don't have, that they have this forgiveness. they get used to tell you their stories without feeling pain every time. like, they are creating a barrier between their stories and themselves. >> pelley: "we were playing outside," ahmed almohamad told us. "a rocket hit the house. we saw smoke, and we saw that our mother was dead." his sister's body was also found, and later, ahmed came under the control of isis fighters. you're 12 years old, and the isis fighters were trying to train you for the army?

>> ahmed almohamad: yes. >> pelley: "i had training for a week," he said. "one day, i saw someone running and they shot him in the foot. then he bled to death." his father took him away, but left him at elaph yassin's orphanage. crossing the border can be dangerous; not every country welcomes the refugees. and escaping syria does not mean safety. in the streets of neighboring countries, including turkey, some children are pressed into labor. some are sexually assaulted. this orphaned boy, who elaph yassin introduced us to, became an addict. wael fled the war by himself when he was ten. that was five years ago. he took us to the abandoned store where he lives with no water or power. wael was high on glue, which he uses in times of no heroin.

when was the last time you were in school? "grade three," he told us. "i was, like, seven years old." how do you survive? how do you eat? where do you find food? "if i have money, i eat," he said. "if i don't have money, i don't eat." wael scavenges for plastic and sells it for pennies on the pound. we asked about his swollen face, and he said he'd been beaten by thugs. what would you like to do with your life? "i'd like to have a house and a job," wael told us, "that's what i wish for." but despite wishes, many lives, many thousands of lives, will not be redeemed. >> yakzan shishakly: it is a lost generation. but i will not say only for syria. i will say for the world. >> pelley: yakzan shishakly opened his own orphanage. he owned an air conditioning business in houston, texas where he lived for more than a decade and became a u.s. citizen.

he's the grandson of a former syrian president. when you first came here, did you know what you wanted to do? >> shishakly: no, no. when i first moved here, i was just helping people. i had no experience with humanitarian work. and i just came, just a normal citizen, to help. >> pelley: first, shishakly started a refugee camp, which he says grew to 65,000 residents. then he built a school, and this orphanage that he named "my house." 60 children live here, within sight of the syrian border. shishakly has done it all with private donations. have you ever run out of money? >> shishakly: all of the time. we always spend money we don't have. because again, you cannot just say, i mean, when you have children coming, and you say, "i can't help you" and just, like, as a human, it's just, you cannot. >> pelley: if you had the funds, you could double the size of this place? >> shishakly: of course.

>> pelley: shishakly told us that the children come to him traumatized, sometimes unable to speak. one boy was silent for six months. when the children come in here so traumatized, what do you offer them, to try to help them come back into the world? >> shishakly: they're looking for somewhere like what we call safe haven. it's just like, they're looking for a place where they can trust to wake up the next day, and there's no airstrike. they can wake up the next day, and they find food on the table. they can find somebody will not leave them behind. and that's what we're trying to offer. >> pelley: the turkish government is now moving to regulate these emergency orphanages, and after our visit, shishakly was told that he could provide only daycare. his children were moved to extended family members or to a sprawling new orphanage that is run by the turks.

turkey admits the orphans to public schools, but insists that the kids learn in turkish, not their native arabic. it's a reminder they're not just orphans, but refugees. there's a lot to catch up on. some of them haven't seen a classroom in five or six years. after school, back at elaph yassin's place, there are even more lessons, and there's time-- time to be a kid, time to dream. >> yassin: this morning, one of the children, she told me, she said, "mama, you know, when i start to talk about my previous life, i feel like i'm talking about somebody else. i feel like that girl's not related to me now." they have, like, self-defense mechanism. they put their previous lives aside. and then they can carry on. i don't know, it's something related to god. >> pelley: like a lot of children we met, hamza is carrying on.

"i want to be a famous soccer player," he said, "and an architect, because i want to rebuild syria." what do you think syria will need? "we need a lot of buildings," he said. "i want to build something famous. every country has something famous, like the eiffel tower. something like that." since our visit, elaph yassin ran out of money for the apartment building, and has moved her orphans to new, less expensive quarters. yakzan shishakly told us that he will expand his school now to teach 200 syrian kids. there are new orphans in syria every day. >> shishakly: every day. i will not say we lost hope. we still have hope. >> pelley: you still have hope? >> shishakly: we still have hope. we cannot lose it. it's the only thing left for us. it's the only thing we're fighting for. >> pelley: we began our story with ten-year-old yasmeen qanouz among the orphans trapped in a basement in aleppo.

"this might be the last time you see and hear me," she said. but yasmeen was wrong. we found her, months later. all 47 orphans had been evacuated during a brief cease fire. they're in a new orphanage now, still in syria, but away from the fighting. we sent a camera there to record yasmeen's new message to the world. "i want to be a doctor for little kids," she said. "i am studying so that when i grow up, i'll know where to go, how to get myself together and find a place to live." we noticed that the exiled children that we met told us that they expect to return one day. for all that they have suffered, the orphans of war don't see themselves as a lost generation, but rather, as the only hope there is for syria. >> it's virtually impossible to adopt syrian orphans, but a few

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>> cooper: tonight, we are going to take you into the wild, with a remarkable photographer who's spent his life on the trail of elusive and endangered animals. his name is tom mangelsen, and at 72, he still travels to remote and inhospitable places. what he brings back are some of the most spectacular pictures of wild animals you'll ever see. on most mornings for nearly 50 years, this is what tom mangelsen has done. he's ventured into the wilderness, camera in hand. last september, in grand teton national park in wyoming, he

waited in an early autumn snowfall for his subject to appear. ( sighs ) as is often the case, it took quite a while. over the course of your lifetime, the amount of time that you've spent waiting is incalculable, i'm sure. >> tom mangelsen: stupid. >> cooper: stupid? >> mangelsen: yeah. >> cooper: have you learned anything with all that waiting? >> mangelsen: you wait long enough, it does pay off. >> cooper: for mangelsen, it usually does, whether it's a male grizzly bear with battle scars, a cheetah chasing down its prey in tanzania, or butterflies sipping on the tears of a giant caiman in brazil. each of mangelsen's photographs tells a story. his images have documented species like mountain gorillas, black rhinos and jaguars-- once dominant, now in danger. on every continent, in every season, no matter the conditions, mangelsen has painstakingly built a reputation, not on personality, but on patience. do you have patience with people the same way you have patience

with animals? >> mangelsen: no. ( laughter ) >> cooper: no? >> mangelsen: no, i don't. i wish i did. i-- no. i don't. >> cooper: do you like animals more than people? >> mangelsen: yes. >> cooper: really? >> mangelsen: well, not you. >> cooper: okay. he especially likes the dangerous kind. in a jungle in india, where it would be deadly to be on foot, mangelsen climbed onto an elephant's back for this shot of a bengal tiger, paws red, fresh from a kill. in the arctic, where temperatures can be 30 degrees below zero, he's spent years documenting the behavior of polar bears. he nicknamed this group "the bad boys of the arctic." he's captured adult male bears play-fighting, a mama bear slyly keeping watch as her cubs roughhouse nearby, and a group of bears trying to survive as their world melts away. people often mistake mangelsen's photographs for paintings, and since the 1970s, he's sold them out of galleries, like this one in jackson, wyoming.

his photo, "catch of the day," is often called "the most famous wildlife photograph in the world." it's such an extraordinary image. in this day and age, people would think that this is photoshopped, that-- that you got a photo of a fish somewhere and, i mean, it's so perfect. >> mangelsen: it was taken in 1988, before photoshop even existed. >> cooper: people think it's a fake-- >> mangelsen: --think it's just faked. >> cooper: but you don't, you don't believe in that? i mean, as a photographer? >> mangelsen: no. that's, this is the magic. this is the moment. this is the decisive moment, and this little tiny space right here i think is so important. just that, you know, quarter of an inch. >> cooper: it's in its mouth, but it hasn't actually made contact yet with its mouth? >> mangelsen: one nanosecond later. ( chomps ) >> cooper: mangelsen shuns the use of digital manipulation. what he sees through his lens is what you get. and at a time when many photographers build their portfolios by going to game farms like this one to photograph captive animals, mangelsen insists on only documenting them in their natural habitat... >> mangelsen: okay, anderson, let's see what we can find.

>> cooper: ...as we saw when we joined him before dawn outside jackson hole. you always get up this early? >> mangelsen: there is only one way to do it, is, i do it every day. or be really lucky. >> cooper: he's taking us to a bend he knows on the snake river. >> mangelsen: do you hear the elk? it's a sharp whistle. ( elk whistle ) >> cooper: that's it? >> mangelsen: yeah, that's the sound of the wild here. >> cooper: he's been here hundreds of times, trying to get the perfect shot of elk crossing the water. so now it's just waiting? a waiting game? >> mangelsen: waiting, yeah. >> cooper: what's the longest you've ever spent in any spot? not here, but anywhere? >> mangelsen: 42 days with the cougars. >> cooper: 42 days? >> mangelsen: well, i went home at night and slept, and then would go back at daybreak. >> cooper: but you would spend all day there? >> mangelsen: yeah. >> cooper: so, 12 hours a day? >> mangelsen: 12 or 14.

>> cooper: 12 or 14 hours a day for 42 days? >> mangelsen: yeah. >> cooper: did you get the shot? >> mangelsen: finally. >> cooper: this was the shot worth waiting for-- the elusive cougar coming out of her den at dusk. taken in 1999, it's among the first photographs to document the life of a wild, female cougar. it helped launch a movement to protect the cats against human encroachment. back at the river, after a three-hour wait... >> mangelsen: there, right between the trees. >> cooper: yeah, yeah, yeah! >> mangelsen: there she comes. >> cooper: yeah. ( camera clicking ) >> mangelsen: well, that was... >> cooper: that was cool. >> mangelsen: ...pretty cool. >> cooper: that was great. that was worth the wait. >> mangelsen: yeah. >> cooper: it's just kind of extraordinary. we headed back to his office in jackson to take a look at an amateur's attempt.

>> mangelsen: i think it's beautiful. >> cooper: all right. >> mangelsen: i think it's gorgeous. >> cooper: yeah, i think-- yeah, me too, actually. >> mangelsen: there's nothing wrong with that one at all. it's great. >> cooper: is she out of focus? >> mangelsen: maybe slightly. let's see. yup, not quite sharp. i'm sorry. >> cooper: mangelsen's shot was, of course, in perfect focus. and look at what else he has captured at that same river in fall, summer, and winter. mangelsen credits his father with his love of the wild. he grew up on the bank of the platte river in nebraska, where he was schooled in hunting and fishing. as a teenager in the 1960s, mangelsen earned the title, "world champion goose caller." no small feat, considering this is bird country, home to 400 species, as well as one of the great migrations on earth. every spring, half a million sandhill cranes stop on this stretch of the platte river. they're fattening up on grain before migrating north, as far as siberia.

it is an awesome and ancient ritual. fossils show cranes have come here for nearly ten million years. it's a spectacle of sight and sound mangelsen has shared for 17 years with his friend and ally, jane goodall, whose life's work with chimpanzees has revolutionized our understanding of primates. today, goodall and mangelsen team up to raise money and awareness for the protection of cranes, as well as chimpanzees and cougars. >> jane goodall: he's taught me so much about the platte river and what goes on here, and what it was like when he was a boy, and how he started off as a hunter because that's what one did, and then how, gradually, he realized he loved these, these creatures much too much, he couldn't go on being a hunter. and so he hunts with his camera. here they come. lots and lots and lots. >> mangelsen: look at the light on those up there.

>> goodall: what's amazing is this ancient migration still carries on. and i think it's completely amazing. >> mangelsen: i agree. >> goodall: it gives me hope that nature will manage in spite of us. >> mangelsen: oh, look at this. beautiful, huh? ( camera clicking ) >> goodall: next year, do you think you can invest in a silent camera? >> mangelsen: ( laughs ) >> goodall: one of the qualities that i love about tom is his passion. and it's when you have that kind of passion and that kind of commitment that you're more likely to get other people involved. because, it, we can never win an argument by appealing to people's heads. it's got to be in the heart. and i use the power of storytelling and writing, and tom uses the power of images. >> cooper: if all artists have a muse, tom mangelsen's is this 22-year-old female grizzly bear.

she doesn't have a proper name, but is known by the research number 399. a creature from america's wild past, when 50,000 grizzlies roamed the lower 48-- less than 2,000 grizzlies remain today. for more than a decade, mangelsen has chronicled every facet of 399's life: emerging from a long winter's nap; swatting magpies away from a meal. he has watched and worried as she's given birth to three sets of triplets and a set of twins. she's nursed, protected and taught more than a dozen bear cubs. mangelsen's photographs, including this one he dubbed "an icon of motherhood," have made 399 the most famous grizzly in the world. what do you think it is about grizzly bears that so captures people's imagination? >> mangelsen: i think it's the wildness and the rarity. and then you see how intelligent they are. you know, it's like, 399, she'll go to the road and she'll look both ways. she'll tell the kids to stay on one side of the road.

she'll go across, and then she'll talk to them. "okay, you can come across now." i mean, that's smart. >> cooper: there's also something about grizzly bears. there's a grace to it, but ferocity is, is always lurking there. >> mangelsen: but i like that idea, that we're not the top of the food chain. >> cooper: in mangelsen's portraits, ferocious grizzlies have personalities, too. but sometimes, it's easy to miss the details. notice a leftover piece of grass tucked in the corner of this grizzly's mouth, like a toothpick. but it's mangelsen's wide shots that may matter the most. they help people understand, animals like 399 can't survive without their habitat. mangelsen took us out to show us why he believes seeing your first grizzly can change your life. it's right there. >> mangelsen: it's right there. >> cooper: oh, okay. so it's really close. it was an adult female grizzly, resting just off the road. that's crazy. ( camera clicking ) >> mangelsen: she's a gorgeous bear. now, you see how she just, like, just scratched the back of her

ear, like your dog might? >> cooper: yeah. ( camera clicks ) >> mangelsen: isn't that great? now she's scratching her belly. >> cooper: it's so incredible to see. it's amazing. a third of 399's offspring have been killed in interactions with humans-- hit by cars or shot by elk hunters out of fear. last year, the federal government removed grizzly bears around yellowstone from the endangered species list. wyoming and idaho are now deciding whether to open a hunting season on the bears. >> mangelsen: there's people here who have said that they can't wait for a season to open so they can shoot 399, because that would be the biggest prize, the biggest trophy. >> cooper: you've had hunters actually say that to you? that they want to shoot 399? >> mangelsen: uh-huh. >> cooper: because 399 is so famous? >> mangelsen: yeah. hard, hard to believe. >> cooper: while he worries about what will be lost, tom mangelsen is determined to show us the beauty and fragility of what still survives, and so, he sets out once again, patiently making his way, alone,

into the wild. >> mangelsen: it's my gift, in a way, that i can give people, hopefully, to preserve what we have left, to preserve wilderness, to preserve species like grizzly bears, and make them think about it. and make them think that this is what we need to save for our children. >> this cbs sports update is brought to you by the lincoln motor company. at quail hollow in charlotte, jason day shot a final round 69 to win by two arron wise and nick watney. the lightning over the bruins to advance to the conference finals. nba action, warriors now up 3-1 over new orleans. for 24/7news and highlights, visit cbssportshq.com. jim nantz reporting from charlotte, north carolina.

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the world's finest single malt whiskies are created, he set off to the island of islay and shot the story. bob didn't live to complete writing and editing it. steve kroft and bob's team finished it, as a tribute to the spirit of bob simon, as well as the spirits of islay. >> kroft: master distiller jim mcewan is the one who decides when each barrel is ready to be bottled. he opened a young cask for bob to sample. >> jim mcewan: i would describe that as mellow yellow. >> simon: you know, frankly, i never liked this stuff, but the way... you're talking me into it. >> mcewan: are you going to check every barrel? >> simon: i certainly hope so. >> kroft: on most days, mcewan devotes several hours to quality control, checking up on several hundred casks. >> mcewan: but it's a fantastic job, nosing and tasting whiskies. >> simon: and you can still walk out of here in the evening? >> mcewan: occasionally i need some help. there's no doubt about that, yeah. >> kroft: after that, the only thing left was for bob to say

goodbye to jim mcewan. and it turned out to be last call for our old pal bob simon. >> mcewan: cheers, bob. hope you've enjoyed this little visit here. >> simon: you're speaking in the past. it's not over. >> mcewan: yeah, i've got to get you out of here, man. this is-- ( laughter ) you're costing me a fortune! >> stahl: i'm lesley stahl. we'll be back next week, with another edition of "60 minutes." mitzi: psoriatic arthritis tries to get in my way? watch me. ( ♪ ) mike: i've tried lots of things for my joint pain. now? watch me. ( ♪ ) joni: think i'd give up showing these guys how it's done? please. real people with active psoriatic arthritis are changing the way they fight it. they're moving forward with cosentyx. it's a different kind of targeted biologic. it's proven to help people find less joint pain and clearer skin. don't use if you are allergic to cosentyx. before starting cosentyx you should be checked for tuberculosis.

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captioning funded by cbs and ford. we go further, so you can. captioned by media access group at wgbh access.wgbh.org

my name is dylan reinhart. not too long ago, i was an operative in the cia known as agent reinhart. when i left the agency and started teaching, i became professor reinhart. i wrote a book about abnormal behavior and criminals, which was so successful a serial killer used it as clues for his murders. that's when the new york police department reached out to me to help catch him. which i did, so they hired me, and i became consultant reinhart. so now i'm working with this woman, detective lizzie needham of the homicide division, catching killers. looks like i need a new name. don't they call you professor psychopath? (police siren chirps) right over here, lieutenant. thank god you're here. dylan reinhart, lizzie's partner. david wu, jasmine's fiancé. i just had to go i.d. abby's body.