captioning funded by cbs and ford. we go further, so you can. >> elon musk has been called a visionary, and a genius. watch how he responds to our question about his recent settlement with the securities and exchange commission. >> well, i guess we might make some mistakes. who knows? >> nobody's perfect. ( laughs ) >> look at you. >> i, i-- i want to be clear. i do not respect the s.e.c. i do not respect them. ( ticking ) >> okay, so are you ready to do the next part? >> the federal government, through the national institutes of health, has launched the most ambitious study of adolescent brain development ever attempted. >> here you can see that there

are differences in the pattern. >> in part, scientists are trying to understand what no one currently does-- how all that screen time impacts the physical structure of your kids' brains, as well as their emotional development and mental health. >> in many ways, the concern that investigators like i have, is that we're sort of in the midst of a natural, kind of uncontrolled experiment on the next generation of children. ( ticking ) >> as a 12-year-old in virginia, ryan speedo green was the author of an impressive rap sheet. >> my first day of class, i walked in and there was this little, 5'1" caucasian, curly blonde-haired lady. and, i sit in my chair. and i throw my desk at h.wa ta . now,ma tra hase his life-- but, in a way that no on. ♪ ♪

( ticking ) >> i'm steve kroft. >> i'm lesley stahl. >> i'm scott pelley. >> i'm anderson cooper. >> i'm bill whitaker. those stories, tonight, on "60 minutes." ( ticking ) kevin, i hav♪ your caramel brulee lattes ready! iyou may be at increased riskf for pneumococcal pneumonia -a potentially serious bacterial lung disease that can disrupt your routine for weeks.

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♪ ♪ >> stahl: elon musk, the c.e.o. of the electric car company tesla, has been called a genius, a visionary. but this year, he got less noticed for his brilliance than his behavior, with stories about self-inflicted wounds, like

capricious tweeting, and public pot smoking. the 47-year-old billionaire has said 2018 has been "excruciating," "the most painful year of my career." when he joined as co-founder of the company 14 years ago, he had no experience in the auto industry. he was guided by a dream: to build cars that don't harm the environment, in an effort to save the planet. but this year, musk had to save his company. tesla had been losing money for nearly its entire existence. its debt is in the billions, and it was bleeding cash. everything was riding on its ability to mass produce its new sedan: the model 3, an affordable so-called "everyman" car. but over the summer, when elon musk was in "production he the clock to make enough model 3s to show a profit-- he began acting... well, weird.

>> stahl: there are people who say that the company cannot survive without you. >> elon musk: oh, i don't think that's true, yeah. >> stahl: and there are people who say the company cannot survive with you. >> musk: ha, ha. that's hilarious. ( laughs ) >> stahl: they say it because of the way you acted over the summer, doing things that seemed impulsive, un-c.e.o.-ish? >> musk: well, first of all, i, i am somewhat impulsive. and i didn't really want to try to adhere to some c.e.o. template. >> stahl: well, he certainly accomplished that! especially this past year, when he began picking needless fights on social media. he called a diver of the thai cave rescue a "pedo," as in pedophile. he sold 20,000 flame throwers online. and he smoked weed during a podcast. what about the pot?

>> musk: i do not smoke pot, as anyone who watched that podcast could tell. i have no idea how to smoke pot. or anything-- i don't know to smoke anything, honestly. >> stahl: here are some of the words written about you. >> musk: yeah, sure. >> stahl: not-- not the whole time-- >> musk: it's a lot of words! ( laughter ) >> stahl: --over this summer. erratic, unstable, reckless, operatic... >> musk: operatic? ah, that's not bad, actually. i kind of like that one. i'm just being me. i mean, i was certainly under insane stress, and crazy, crazy hours. but the system would have failed if i was truly erratic. >> stahl: you tweet a lot. >> musk: i use my tweets to express myself. ( laughter ) >> stahl: yes, oh my god-- >> musk: some people use their hair. ( laughter ) i use t-- i use twitter. >> stahl: well, but you use your tweeting to kind of get back at critics. >> musk: rarely. >> stahl: you kind of have little wars with the press. >> musk: twitter's a war zone. if somebody's going to jump in the war zone. it's like, "okay, you're in the arena, let's go!" >> stahl: his war-zone tweeting drew fire when, out of the blue in august, he tweeted: "am considering taking tesla private

at $420. funding secured." the s.e.c. disputed that claim, and charged him with securities fraud. the case was settled, with musk agreeing that his "communications relating to the company-- including twitter" would be overseen by his board. have you had any of your tweets censored since the settlement? >> musk: no. >> stahl: none? does someone have to read them before they go out? >> musk: no. >> stahl: so your tweets are not supervised? >> musk: the only tweets that would have to be, say, reviewed, would be if a tweet had a probability of causing a movementan's museah, i mean, ote it's "hello, first amendment." like, freedom of speech is fundamental. >> stahl: but how do they know if it's going to move the market if they're not reading all of them, before you send them? >> musk: well, i guess we might make some mistakes. who knows? >> stahl: are you serious?

>> musk: nobody's perfect. ( laughs ) >> stahl: look at you. >> musk: i, i want to be clear. i do not respect the s.e.c. i do not respect them. >> stahl: but you're abiding by the settlement, aren't you? >> musk: because i respect the justice system. >> stahl: abiding also meant he had to relinquish his position as chairman of the tesla board. he's been replaced by board member robyn denholm. did you handpick her? >> musk: yes. >> stahl: the impression was that she was put in to kind of watch over you. >> musk: yeah. i mean, that's not realistic. i mean, i'm the largest-- >> stahl: like a babysitter. >> musk: yeah. it-- it's not realistic, in the sense that i am the largest shareholder in the company. and, i can just call for a shareholder vote and get anything done that i want. >> stahl: so do you think you'll want to go back to being-- to being chair? >> musk: no, i don't think-- i actually just prefer to have no titles at all. >> stahl: with or without

titles, there's something larger than life about elon musk. he has a cult following. one of silicon valley's most successful and versatile entrepreneurs, he has, beyond cars, built powerful rockets with reusable boosters. this one launched a record 64 satellites into orbit. he's digging a tunnel deep underground to deal with traffic congestion. and, in each case, he started a company. did you have a lot of money? did your family give you a lot of money to start all of this? >> musk: no. >> stahl: you grew up in south africa. >> musk: yes. >> stahl: yeah. >> musk: i left when i was 17, by myself. i had a backpack of clothes and a su and that's it. >> stahl: did you have a happy childhood? >> musk: no, it was terrible. >> stahl: are you serious? >> musk: yes. >> stahl: why was it terrible? >> musk: it was very violent. it was not a happy childhood.

>> stahl: i do know that you were bullied at school. >> musk: i was almost beaten to death, if you would call that bullied. >> stahl: and he's described his father as emotionally abusive. >> musk: my father has serious issues. >> stahl: okay, well, so you didn't have a happy childhood. >> musk: no. >> stahl: it's no surprise, then, that as an adult, he's a fighter, determined to succeed and prove everyone wrong-- as when he waged a battle this year to avoid tesla's bankruptcy by boosting production of its newest electric car, the model 3. at the factory in fremont, california, he complained bitterly about all the naysayers and critics who were gunning for his failure. >> musk: there's been relentless criticism. relentless, and outrageous, and unfair. because what actually happened here was an incredible american success story. all these people work their ass off, day and night, to make it happen. and they believe in the dream. and that's the story that really should be told.

>> stahl: the story is how he set and met the production target of 5,000 model 3s a week, and made tesla profitable. but the effort nearly bankrupted the company. >> musk: if you're trying to step up to something which is, you know, 1,000% more than any other program that you've ever done, it's necessarily-- you have to bet the company. there's no option. >> stahl: so in other words, if you hadn't met it, you would have died? >> musk: it was life or death. we were losing $50 million, sometimes $100 million a week. running out of money. >> stahl: you were losing $100 million a week? >> musk: yeah. that's scary. >> stahl: his two assembly lines enou failure was imminent. until his light-bulb moment... create a third assembly line, in a big tent in the tesla parking lot. >> musk: this whole thing that you see here was a pretty miraculous effort by the team to create a general assembly line out of nothing in three weeks.

>> stahl: this went up in three weeks? >> musk: yeah. so those, you know, betting against the company were right, by all conventional standards, that we would fail. but they just did not count on this unconventional situation of creating an assembly line in a parking lot in a tent. >> stahl: and this last minute push? >> musk: it increased our output by 50%. >> stahl: musk was a champion of automation, so his original assembly lines were full of robots. but the robots kept breaking down. walk along this new line in the tent, and all you see are... well, humans. he tweeted, "excessive automation at tesla was a mistake. to be precise, my mistake. humans are underrated." >> musk: people are way better at dealing with unexpected circumstances than robots. as you know. yeah. >> stahl: he pushed his workers hard to meet the 5,000 a week deadline. but he pushed himself even harder, out on the factory floor day and night, troubleshooting and fixing work-line slowdowns.

>> musk: i think there was, like, literally one week where i actually worked 120 hours and just didn't leave the factory. i didn't even go outside. i wanted to make it clear to the team. they needed to see that-- however hard it was for them, i would make it worse for me. >> stahl: and it paid off. telsa announced in october, it was profitable, for the first time in years. the model 3 is all electric, can go from 0 to 60 in three seconds, and drive over 300 miles on a single battery charge. musk wanted to show us the autopilot feature-- the car drives itself! but right now, you're driving. right now. () musk: ah, yeah. but now i'm not. >> stahl: now you're not driving at all. >> musk: not doing anything. >> stahl: no hands, no feet. you feel safe? >> musk: yeah.i got used to this... >> musk: i'm not-- it's changing lanes by itself. >> stahl: oh! oh my goodness. ( laughs )

>> musk: yeah, pretty wild. >> stahl: wow! another thing that was supposed to be a "wow" was the price: just $35,000. that was a goal not met. it costs around $49,000, and if you customize it, which many customers do, you can quickly reach $60,000. it's not a car for the everyman, which is what you set out to build. >> musk: it's getting there. we're not that far from being able to produce the $35,000 car, and that'll be ready in probably five or six months. >> stahl: all right. here you go. you've already set a new deadline, right? five or six months. >> musk: that's just-- that's just my guess. >> stahl: okay. it's not-- >> musk: it's not, like, some promise-- or "so help me god and strike me dead." >> stahl: you are notorious for setting, you know, these deadlines for yourself, that no one thinks you can meet, and you often don't meet. and i'm just wondering why you do that? >> musk: well, i mean, punctuality is not my strong suit. i think, well, why would people think that, if i've been late on

althe other models, that'dy onws on >> stahl: your naysayers say that you lie. that's the way they interpret it. >> musk: "people should not ascribe to malice that which can easily be explained by stupidity." ( laughter ) so it's, like, just because i'm, like, dumb at-- at predicting dates, does not mean i am untruthful. i don't know, i-- we've-- i've never made a mass-produced car. how am i supposed to know with precision when it's going to get done? >> stahl: he's also had to deal with complaints about conditions inside tesla's factories. there are charges of unreported injuries, excessive hours. abusive conditions. >> musk: well, it's important to emphasize that there's been an aggressive campaign by the u.a.w. to absolutely attack tesla with a load of nonsense, in-- in order to-- try to unionize the company. >> stahl: so you think they drummed up these charges? >> musk: yes. these are utter nonsense.

>> stahl: well, there are several investigations, by the press and by regulators in california, about injuries on the job. breathing toxic fumes, stress injuries, over 100 ambulance calls. >> musk: i don't think that's correct. i was literally living in the factory. if these-- if there's, like, toxic fumes, i'm breathing them. okay? >> stahl: but there've been other concerns. a string of senior managers and engineers left this year. the company is still billions in debt. and yet, tesla is expanding, adding to its workforce, while rival general motors announced it's planning to lay off some 14,000 employees and idle plants. those plants, those factories that they're closing down? you're shaking your head yes? >> musk: it's possible that we would be interested. if they were going to sell a plant, or not use it, that we

d >> stahl: g.m. also announced that it will double its investment into developing electric cars, and elon musk is celebrating! why do you want the competition? >> musk: the whole point of tesla is to accelerate the advent of electric vehicles, and sustainable transport, and trying to help the environment. we think it's the most serious problem that humanity faces. i'm not sure if you know it, but we open-sourced our patents, so anyone who wants to use our patents can use them for free. >> stahl: your patents are open- sourced? >> musk: yes. if somebody comes and makes a better electric car than tesla, and it's so much better than ours that we can't sell our cars, and we go bankrupt, i still think that's a good thing for the world. >> stahl: you'll sleep at night. >> musk: yeah, because somebody's making some pretty great cars. yeah. ( ticking ) >> how much did you put into this company? >> oh, man. >> a look at elon musk back in

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>> cooper: if you have kids, and wonder if all that time they spend on their smartphones endlessly scrolling, snapping, and texting is affecting their brains, you might want to put down your own phone and pay attention. the federal government, through the national institutes of health, has launched the most ambitious study of adolescent brain develoever attempd. to understand what no one currendoes--ow all that screen time impacts the physical structure of your kids' brains, as well as their emotional development and mental health. >> let me know when you're ready. >> cooper: at 21 sites across the country, scientists have begun interviewing nine- and

ten-year-olds, and scanning their brains. they'll follow more than 11,000 kids for a decade, and spend $300 million doing it. >> dr. gaya dowling: it's quite an investment. >> cooper: dr. gaya dowling of the national institutes of health gave us a glimpse of what they've learned so far. >> dowling: the focus, when we first started talking about doing this study, was tobacco, marijuana, all drugs. the screen time component really came into play because we were wondering, what is the impact? i mean, clearly, kids spend so much time on screens. >> cooper: the first wave of data from brain scans of 4,500 participants is in, and it has dr. dowling of the n.i.h. and other scientists intrigued. >> dowling: here you can see that there are differences in the patterns. >> cooper: the m.r.i.s found significant differences in the brains of some kids who use smart phones, tablets, and video games more than seven hours a day. >> dowling: what we can say is that this is what the brains look like of kids who spend a lot of time on screens.

and it's not just one pattern. >> cooper: that's fascinating. >> dowling: it's very fascinating. >> cooper: the colors show differences in the nine- and ten-year-olds' brains. the red color represents premature thinning of the cortex. that's the wrinkly, outermost layer of the brain that processes information from the five senses. what is a thinning of the cortex mean? >> dowling: that's typically thought to be a maturational process. so what we would expect to see later, is happening a little bit earlier. >> cooper: should parents be concerned by that? >> dowling: we don't know if it's being caused by the screen time. we don't know yet if it's a bad thing. it won't be, until we follow them over time, that we will see if there are outcomes that are associated with the differences that we're seeing in this single snapshot.pe ints and data from thh. ady revealed something else: kids who spend more than two hours a day on screens got lower scores on thinking and language tests. when the study is complete, is it possible that a researcher

will be able to say whether or not screen time is actually addictive? >> dowling: we hope so. we'll be able to see not only how much time are they spending, how they perceive it impacting them, but also, what are some of the outcomes? and that will get at the question of whether there's addiction or not. >> cooper: when will you have the answers that you're searching for? >> dowling: some questions, we'll be able to answer in a few years. but some of the really interesting questions about these long-term outcomes, we're going to have to wait awhile, because they need to happen. that delay leaves researchers, who study technology's impact on very small children-- anxious. >> dr. dimitri christakis: in many ways, the concern that investigators like i have, is that we're sort of in the midst of a natural, kind of uncontrolled experiment on the >> cr:imitation of children. ristakis at seattle childrenheau the american academy of pediatrics' most recent guidelines for screen time. they now recommend parents "avoid digital media use--

except video chatting-- in children younger than 18 to 24 months." >> christakis: so what we do know about babies playing with ipads is that they don't transfer what they learn from the ipad to the real world. which is to say, that if you give a child an app where they play with virtual legos, virtual blocks, and stack them, and then put real blocks in front of them, they start all over. >> cooper: if they try to do it in real life, it's as if they've never done it before. >> christakis: exactly. >> cooper: it's not a transferable skill. >> christakis: they don't transfer the knowledge from two dimensions to three. >> cooper: dr. christakis is one of the few scientists who have already done experiments on the influence screens have on children under the age of two. brain development. >> christakis: if you're concerned about your teenager being addicted to their iphone, your infant is much more vulnerable, and using the exact same device. >> cooper: your infant is more vulnerable because, why? >> christakis: because the experience of making something happen is so much more

gratifying to them. >> cooper: in a small pilot study that dr. christakis conducted on 15 children, researchers gave toddlers three toys. first, a plastic guitar. then, an ipad that played musical notes. and finally, an ipad with an app that rewarded the kids with lights, colors and sounds. >> christakis: so at a very specific time, the research assistant will ask the child to give what they're playing with back. >> cooper: to give it to the research assistant. >> christakis: to give it to the research assistant. >> give it to me? >> cooper: 66% of the time, with a traditional toy, the child will do just that. >> christakis: with the ipad that simulates that, they give it back almost with the same frequency. >> thank you! >> christakis: but with the ipad app that, when they push on it, it does all kinds of things, they're much less likely to give it back. >> cooper: with the more interactive ipad app, the percentage of kids willing to hand it back to the researcher dropped from 60% to 45%.

>> give it to me? >> cooper: it's that much more engaging? >> christakis: it's that much more engaging. and that's what we find in the laboratory. >> cooper: it's engaging by design, as tristan harris told us in a story we reported more than a year ago. >> tristan harris: there's a whole playbook of techniques that get used to get you using the product for as long as possible. >> cooper: harris is a former google manager who was one of the first silicon valley insiders to publicly acknowledge that phones and apps are being designed to capture and keep kids' attention. >> harris: this is about the war for attention and where that's taking society, and where that's taking technology. >> cooper: you know, it's one thing for adults. i mean, for kids, this is a whole other thing? >> harris: that is where this gets particularly sensitive. is, developmentally, do we want this war for attention to be affecting our children? >> cooper: do you think parents understand the complexities of what their kids are dealing with? >> harris: no, and i think this is really important. because there's a narrative

that, "oh, i guess they're just doing this like we used to gossip on the phone." but what this misses is that your telephone in the 1970s didn't have a thousand engineers on the other side of the telephone who were redesigning it to work with other telephones and then updating the way your telephone worked every day to be more and more persuasive. >> cooper: until recently, it was impossible to see what happens inside a young brain when a person is focused on a mobile device. but now, scientists at the university of california-san diego have hacked that problem. how often do you have young people come in for the m.r.i.s? >> dr. kara bagot: so, as often as we possibly can. >> cooper: dr. kara bagot is an investigator on that $300 million n.i.h. study. her team is scanning teenager's brains as they follow instagram, the most popular social media app. when we met 18-year-old roxy shimp, she was about to participate in dr. bagot's study. how much time do you actually spend on screens? >> roxy shimp: i check my phone pretty regularly, i'd say.

>> cooper: what's pretty regularly? >> shimp: every, at least ten to 20 minutes. >> cooper: is that a conservative estimate? >> shimp: probably. >> cooper: she can't take her phone into the m.r.i. because of the powerful magnets in the machine, so a mirror has been placed above her face to allow her to look across the room at a movie screen displaying images from her instagram account. this way, dr. bagot can see exactly which parts of the brain's reward system are most active while using social media. >> cooper: so you can actually see a part of the brain light up when you're feeling good. >> bagot: yes, in the scanner. >> cooper: in the scanner. based on her data and the results from other studies, dr. bagot is among scientists who believe screen time stimulates the release of the brain chemical dopamine, which has a pivotal role in cravings and desire. >> bagot: so, you're more likely to act impulsively and use social media compulsively instead of, like, checking yourself. >> cooper: you want to keep on it to keep getting--

>> bagot: the good feelings. >> cooper: teenagers now spend, on average, 4.5 hours a day on their phones. all that time has resulted in a fundamental shift in how a generation of american kids acts and thinks. >> jean twenge: when smartphones went from being something only a few people had, to something that the majority of people had, it had this really big effect on how teens related to each other. >> cooper: jean twenge is a psychology professor at san diego state university. she spent five years combing through four large national surveys of 11 million young people since the 1960s. she discovered sudden changes in the behavior and mental health of teens born in 1995 and later, a generation that she calls "i-gen." >> twenge: they're the first generation to spend their entire adolescence with smartphones, so a lot of them can't remember a time before smartphones existed. >> cooper: there have been generational shifts before in the past, haven't there? >> twenge: certainly. but this one's much more sudden

and pronounced than most of the others. >> cooper: the iphone was introduced in 2007. smartphones gained widespread usage among young people by 2012. jean twenge says she was startled to find that in the four years that followed, the percentage of teens who reported drinking or having sex fell. but the percentage who said they were lonely or depressed spiked. it's possible other factors may have played a role, but twenge says she wasn't able to identify any that correlated as closely as the growing popularity of the smartphone and social media. >> twenge: it's not just the loneliness and depression from these surveys. it's also that e.r. visits for self-harm, like cutting, have tripled among girls age ten to 14. >> cooper: what are teens doing on their phones that could be connected to depression? >> twenge: it could be anything. there's kind of two different schools of thought on this: that it's the specific things that teens are doing on their phones that's the problem. or, it could be just the sheer

amount of time that they're spending on their phones that is the problem. >> cooper: finding definitive answers about social media's influence on mental health can be a frustrating exercise. 81% of teens in a new national survey by the pew research center said they feel more connected to their friends, and associated social media use with feeling included. but, in a month-long experiment at the university of pennsylvania, college students who limited themselves to just 30 minutes a day on facebook, instagram and snapchat reported significant decreases in loneliness and depression. >> twenge: a lot of times, with these technological shifts, is these things are adopted because they're so wonderful and convenient. and we don't realize until later the possible consequences. and i think, fortunately, in the last year or so, there's been more discussion about how can we manage the use of our devices. >> cooper: facebook and instagram have introduced settings to allow users to monitor app use. and apple, the company that started the smartphone

revolution, has built a new feature for parents to set time restrictions on apps. tech companies say there are tools out there that they have supplied, and that they're doing their part. >> twenge: a lot of parents, probably the majority of parents i talk to, don't even realize those tools are available. and i wish they happened five years ago instead of now. but, better late than never. >> cooper: for its part, the national institutes of health has just finished enrolling the 11,000 kids for its landmark brain study. early next year, the data will be made available to any researcher around the world investigating the effect of a device that's become the most dominant technological presence in young lives. >> twenge: smartphones are gthtf piece of technology. they allow us to find our way around and look up the weather and do all that kind of stuff. and if you do it for a half an hour a day, fine, no problem. then you're using it for what it's good for. but you have to use it for what it's good for and then put it down. i mean, it should be a tool that you use-- not a tool that uses you.

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♪ led's shine mighty fine. ♪ small actions quickly grow, ♪ to let our great state shine. energy upgrade california, will let us shine. ♪ ( ticking ) >> pelley: as a 12-year-old in virginia, ryan speedo green was the author of an impressive rap sheet. he was so violent, he was banished to a class for delinquents. and when he couldn't be contained there, he was sent to a juvenile lock up. those who knew the boy with the unusual name, could see that the child was writing a tragedy. now, as a man, tragedy has become the dominant theme in his life-- but, in a way that no one could have imagined. ♪ ♪

♪ ♪ >> pelley: the high priest in the temple of the metropolitan opera in new york is ryan speedo green, starring in rossini's "semiramide." green blessed the hall with a voice that reaches from bass to baritone. ♪ ♪ >> pelley: at age 32, he is a member of the vienna state opera, and performs on stages of the world in german, french, english and italian. ♪ ♪ ♪ ♪ >> pelley: some call his sound a .but ells short the le of struggleand the sacrifices of others, that lifted him to the

high altar of success. >> ryan speedo green: i lived in a trailer park. and then i lived in another low-income housing, where there was a crack house next to me that produced drugs for the city. >> pelley: life at home with your mother and your older brother? >> green: it was tough. you know, i had a lot of issues. and a lot of anger problems. it was a lot of explosions of anger, frustration, that was going on at the time. >> pelley: explosions of anger were hard for us to picture in the genial man we met at the met. but 20 years before, green and his brother were being raised by an abusive mother, and he returned that abuse. too violent for fourth grade, he was banished to that class for delinquents. >> green: my first day of class, i walked in and there was this little, 5'1" caucasian, curly blonde-haired lady. and, i sit in my chair. and i throw my desk at her. and i tell her i will not be taught by a white woman. and instead of kicking me out of the class, like most teachers

would do-- and you'd be justified in doing so-- she, instead took away my chair and said i could learn from the floor. and when i'm ready to not throw my, not throw my desk at someone, i could have my desk and my chair back. >> pelley: that was teacher elizabeth hughes. that's green standing next to her. why would mrs. hughes figure you for somebody who had a future? >> green: i don't think it was specific to me. i believe she thought this way about every student that she worked with. instead of sending me home and throwing down the hammer, the anvil, on judgment, instead, she asked me, "is everything okay at home? what's wrong with you? why are you so angry?" >> pelley: school became a haven, but the fights at home continued. and one day, speedo green pulled a knife and threatened his mother and brother. >> green: and when the police came to my home, because they were called, they didn't feel that it was safe for me to be around my family. and then they took me to juvenile detention. walked down three flights of stairs in shackles and handcuffs into the back of a police car, and drove about three and a

half, four hours to where the juvenile detention facility was. and i just remember, you know, feeling alone. >> pelley: he was locked up for two months. the only sound that penetrated the frightening walls... was mrs. hughes from fourth grade. >> green: and i remember getting a phone call. and she told me that, "don't let this moment define you. this doesn't define you. you can be better. you can do better." >> pelley: she called you in juvenile detention? >> green: yes. she found out that i was there and called. and that was one of my biggest outbursts, because i felt so ashamed and so angry at myself for letting her down that i had one of my biggest outbursts at the juvenile detention facility, where they ended up putting me in solitary confinement. >> pelley: his outbursts put him in solitary again and again. he was 12 years old. and when the door to the isolation cell closed for the first time? >> green: i remember just banging on the door, and screaming, looking for anybody and for anything that can connect you to the outside world.

you could hear everything, it's always so loud. you know, and imagine a child, energy of a child, the anger of a child, screaming and screaming and screaming and screaming and screaming, till it gets so unbearable, you just fall on your knees and start crying. >> pelley: and you thought what? >> green: being in this cell was the lowest point of my entire life. and actually, when i got out of here, that was my motivation, to never end up in a place like this. >> pelley: no one was listening to the voice locked in solitary, except for the few who would save his life-- mrs. hughes, who was too camera-shy for an interview, and, in detention, priscilla piñeiro-jenkins. >> priscilla piñeiro-jenkins: this kid was small, angry, full of, just hate. this eloquent man that's sitting here next to me was not who i first met. every other word was foul. every other word was negative. there was nothing positive coming out of him. >> pelley: piñeiro-jenkins was a case worker in the detention center. >> green: i called her, like, awful names.

like, an hawaiian bitch or something like this... >> piñeiro-jenkins: uh-huh. >> green: and i remember that she, despite all of my anger, despite all of my outbursts, she was still nice to me. i still remember that there was a person who was nice to me. a person who showed me kindness. and that's an amazing feeling, to see that in darkness. >> pelley: this kid, who called you a hawaiian bitch, why didn't you just say, "hey, i don't care what happens to you"? >> piñeiro-jenkins: he's a child. he's not-- it's not at me. and you just can't say no to someone and shut them out when you know they're desperate to figure out, what is love? who will love me? who will care for me? will you stand by me even if i'm cussing you out? well, yes. >> pelley: he just had to know that somebody gave a damn? >> piñeiro-jenkins: exactly. and was listening. ♪ ♪ >> pelley: that is how the world came to listen. his life was saved by a few compassionate adults--

mrs. hughes, pricilla piñeiro- jenkins, and a psychiatrist provided by the state of virginia. coming out of detention, green got a fresh start. his family moved to a new town, with a new school and new friends. >> green: and i started realizing that those kids were involved with after-school activities. from latin club, that i joined, to chorus, that i joined, to football, that i joined. and so i had no time to argue with my mom, because i was thinking about studying for a latin quiz bowl, or i was in my room, playing with my keyboard, trying to memorize music for my chorus concert the next day. >> pelley: chorus had been suggested by green's football coach, who thought it would be easy. it wasn't. but his singing improved so much that he was accepted into virginia's prestigious governor's school of the arts. then, at the age of 15, a field trip brought him here, to new york city and the metropolitan opera. ( ♪ "carmen" )

>> green: it was the opera, "carmen," with denyce graves, who was the title role. ( ♪ "carmen" ) >> green: at that point in my life, i thought opera was, like, you know, for white people. and the lead character, the title role, was a person who looked like me, was a person of color. it completely just shattered all my preconceptions of what i thought opera was. >> pelley: denyce graves seduced a soldier on stage, and speedo in the audience. ( ♪ "carmen" ) >> green: i fell in love with opera that day. and i left the metropolitan opera and told robert brown, who was my voice teacher, that i knew what i want to do with my life. i want to sing at the metropolitan opera. and he, instead of, you know, you know, saying, "no, you can't do that" or like, "maybe you should aim a little lower," or

like, maybe... instead of saying all these ifs and ands and buts, he told me a list of many things that i had to do, including graduating high school, going to college for music, singing in foreign languages. i mean, dozens of things that i had to do before i even could be able to audition for the met. >> pelley: he checked off the entire list, including bachelors and master's degrees in music. at the age of 24, he entered a metropolitan opera competition for young singers, and he beat more than a thousand other contestants. first time i saw you perform, you know what i wanted to know? >> green: what did you want to know? >> green: ( laughs ) well, my father was an amateur body builder, and he wanted to name me after himself. but my mother was like, "no, he can't be named cecil." so he named me speedo, after his favorite bathing suit, which also happens to be his middle name. and that's how i got the name speedo.

>> pelley: what role has being black meant in all of this? >> green: it's been good and bad. you know, in the beginning of my career, it's the thing that pushed me forward a lot, to break people's stereotypes. i wanted for people to think of me as an opera singer, not a black opera singer. ( ♪ singing in german ) >> green: and then i'll come out of this performance of completely german music and there'll be an older caucasian person who will come up to me and be like, "i would love to hear you sing 'old man river.'" >> paul robeson: ♪ i get weary. ♪ and sick of trying. >> pelley: "old man river" is the showstopper from "shat made famous by paul robeson. >> robeson: ♪ and scared of dying. ♪ >> green: every time i sing, there's going to be someone in the audience who's going to see me as joe in "showboat," instead of seeing me as ryan speedo green, the bass-baritone classical music opera singer. the irony of it is, this guy joe

is singing this piece about the hardships of post-slavery, and about the hardships that caucasian people are causing him. yet, the people who love the song the most are caucasian people. ♪ ♪ >> pelley: green invited us backstage at the met for his warm-up routine-- a typical set of exercises to loosen his chords and his lips for precise diction. ♪ ♪ elley: there are no microphones in opera, so his voice has to fire over a 60-piece orchestra and ricochet off the back of the hall. the dimensions of his voice tend to place him in particular roles. ( ♪ "semiramide" )

>> green: i'm the voice of the father. i'm the voice of the person you hear before you want to go to bed. you know, i'm the voice of, sometimes of gods. of demons. of the guy who kills the tenor. you know? ( laughs ) ( ♪ "la bohemme" ) >> pelley: green's audience often includes elizabeth hughes, and his mother, with whom he's reconciled. he travels with his new wife and their new son. because he's only 32 years old, green's bass-baritone voice will continue to mature, until this baby is about ten years old. the voice we hear today is in its infancy. if you could speak to that kid sitting alone in solitary, what would you tell him? >> green: i would tell him, there are trees and sun beyond these walls.

that, don't let this moment define you. i would, in the words of elizabeth hughes, don't let this moment define you. this is not the end. this is only a moment in time. and someday, it'll get better. someday, things will get brighter. ♪ ♪ >> pelley: speedo green performs in a world of demons and gods, telling stories in which a single hero can change lives. the plots, of course, are fanciful-- except to a man whose own life resonates on a stage of impossible dreams. ♪ ♪ ( applause ) ( ticking )

>> cbs sports h.q. is presented by progressive insurance. i'm boomer esiason with the scores from the n.f.l. today. kansas city clinches a playoff berth with its o.t. win. miami's miracle finish stuns new england and prevents the pats from clinching the a.f.c. east. carolina's free-fall continues as they drop their fifth straight. new orleans scores 25 unanswered to clinch the n.f.c. south. indy hangs on and snaps iewson's nine-game win streak. for 24/7news and highlight, visit cbssportshq.com. -whoa. [ indistinct talking ] -deductible? -definitely speaking insurance. -additional interest on umbrella policy? -can you translate? -damage minimization of civil commotion. -when insurance needs translating, get answers in plain english at progressiveanswers.com. ♪ -he wants you to sign karen's birthday card. it's a high honor.

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because you never know when life... ...will change. get covered today. >> stahl: in the mail this week: viewers' comments on "paradise lost," our story about california's camp fire, and the fire fighters and other first responders who risked their lives battling the wildfire.

"congress should award a medal to the brave bulldozer driver in paradise who drove into the fire to save so many lives." "haunting segment. bill whitaker, what a gem." a viewer who lives just eight miles from the tragedy: "please come back to interview these people about how they are going to rebuild their lives." i'm lesley stahl. we'll be back next week, with another edition of "60 minutes." ( ticking ) here we go.

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