. >> brennan: welcome back to "face the nation." we want to continue our conversation with gita gopinath, chief economist at the international monetary fund. before the break, you were talking about the rest of the world, the most-developed economies in the world have 12 weeks of paid leave. te united states does not, and in fact, president biden won't be able to deliver on that. his compromise has been four weeks of paid leave in the latest version of this spending bill. is it safe to say that will have a negative impact on economic growth, in your projection? >> margaret, we need to bring back all the women who have left the labor force, return back to the market, to get a full

recovery. and family paid leave absolutely helps in that dimension. now, four weeks is better than zero, so i think that that is certainly progress made. but, again, what we are seeing around the world is we are seeing labor markets recovering much more slowly than output. and in the u.s., while we're seeing men come back much faster, women are taking longer for that to happen soy woo need to pay very close attention to making sure it's attractive for women to return to the workforce. >> brennan: and they're capable of it. so the other thing i want to ask you about that's a big worry right now is just the cost of living. we're seeing prices go up. procter&gamble announced this week, basic goods, they're going to have to raise prices there. the federal reserve chair in this country, jerome powell, risks will are to longer bottlenecks,s higher inflation. how long can this go on before we lose control? >> inflation has, indeed, come up high in these last several

months. now, some of that was expected after a deep recession last year. we've had rebound in global demand. we've seen commodity prices come back up, after crashing last year. but we're also now seeing the frictions between supply and demand not matching up. we're seeing supply chain disruptions around the world because the fact is the grip of the pandemic remains, even though maybe it's somewhat lighter. it remains in the world, and that's creating disruptions everywhere. the way we see it is that these pressures will remain until some time in the middle of next year, and then we should see returning to more normal leveles of inflation, toward the end of next year. but this is going to take some time, and we are certainly seeing costs go up. energy prices have risen again sharply this time of the year, and that's going to feed into headline inflation. >> brennan: there's also a potential debt crisis looming over the second largest economy in the world.

a senior administration official here in the u.s. told me it could be catastrophic. it could just be painful if one of the largest property developers there in china fails. how do you see this playing out? >> the property sector is a very important part of china's economy, and it's one of the biggest property developers, which is why we're paying very close attention. our view is the government has the resources and ability to rethink the problem. while we will see shake-up happening in the real estate sector, it will be contained and will not spill over more broadly to china's economy. therefore, we won't see very substantial slowing of growth, which is when we will see repurkegzs to the rest of the world. so it is a risk. it's a downside risk that we're paying very close attention to. but as of now, we believe that the effects can be contained. >> brennan: it's a controlledly risk at this

moment. >> that's right. >> brennan: all right. gita gopinath, thank you so much for joining us today. we'll be right back. and we need insights across our data silos, but how? ♪ if i go there will be trouble ♪ ♪ ♪ wait, we can stay and go. hpe greenlake is the platform that brings the cloud to us. ♪ should i stay or should i go now? ♪ ♪ ♪

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in filipino: you'll always be in my heart. >> brennan: the chaotic u.s. withdrawal from afghanistan and theital bab's victory there has left many questions about whether americans are actually safer now. until a few days ago, u.s. ambassador zalmay khalilzad was the biden administration's top envoy, negotiating directly with the taliban. he brokered the trump-era deal with the taliban in which the u.s. promises to withdraw all u.s. forces and he joins us now for his first television interview. the chairman of the joint chiefs of staff, mark milley, said this was a strategic failure, the end of america's longest war. he said the enemy is now in charge in kabul. do you share that view? >> well, i think there is a lot of anger and a lot of resentment about what has happened there. i think with regard to

terrorism, we largely have achieved our directive. on the issue of building a democratic afghanistan, i think that did not succeed. the struggle goes on. the reality of afghanistan, we did not defeat the taliban. in fact, they were making progress on the battle field, even as we were negotiating with them. and the reason we negotiated with them was because militarily things were not going as well as we would have liked. we were losing ground each year. >> brennan: they were winning the war. >> slowly but making progress. and for us to reverse the progress that they were making was going to require a lot more effort. >> brennan: how many americans remain in afghanistan today? >> we aren't sure, the frank answer is, because not every american-- some of them of afghan-americans who have families there, who live there.

>> brennan: it's hundreds, isn't it? >> i think it's very likely that it will be hundreds. but we don't know. the truth of the matter is we don't know. >> brennan: the u.n. has given some pretty dire projections of what's happening inside of afghanistan right now. more than a million children could die of malnutrition in the next year. the taliban has still not allowed girls aged 12 and older to return to school. they may say something but they're not doing it. there are videos of women being beaten in the streets, just demonstrating for their rights. isn't this proof that the taliban has no intention of becoming a democratic government or any kind of government that protects human rights? >> there's no question that the taliban have a different vision for afghanistan. it's a vision of a more islamic government than existed before, and there is, obviously, disputes will about the interpretation of islam.

>> brennan: little girls going to school? >> well, i think there is disagreement inside the taliban. right now, for example, in at least three or four provinces, high schools for girls have been opened. and they say the same will happen as far as the rest of the country is concerned. and we should hold them to that, keep pressure on them. if they don't, the taliban don't move to more inclusiveness, reporting the rights of the afghan people, and then honoring their commitment to us on terrorism, there will be no move toward normalcy, and there shouldn't be. there should be no release of funds. so the economy could collapse, and in that collapse, a new civil war could start. >> brennan: do they know where the leader of al qaeda is? the u.n. says he's living in afghanistan.

>> well, the report that i have seen indicated he could be in afghanistan, or adjacent territories i don't know whether the taliban know. the taliban i dealt with, they told me they did not know where he was. >> brennan: you did not include the afghan government in the deal between the u.s. and taliban. that was a later step that you promised to include them. but for the deal you brokered, h.r. mcmaster, retired general, former national security adviser to president trump, said you brokered a surrender deal. how do you respond to that? >> how long did general mcmaster think we should continue, while losing ground each year? why was that the case after 20 years? with so much investment, so much loss of life, that we were losing ground to the taliban, and the alternative was either a

negotiated settlement or more of the same. and people way above my pay grade decided more of the same is not acceptable any more. >> brennan: because the american public had lost the will to fight. >> and the fight wasn't going right. the fight was not going right after 20 years. >> brennan: but on the specific point of one of the things in the deal, why did the trump administration agree to the taliban's demand that 5,000 prisoners be released? >> right. >> brennan: 5,000 prisoners who could very easily end up right on that battlefield. >> right. >> brennan: why did you do that before peace talks? >> the taliban, in order to sit with the government to negotiate, wanted some confidence-building measures from both sides. their demand was all prisoners be released by both sides as a goodwill gesture. they were going to sit together at the table to negotiate peace. >> brennan: what do they need potential fighters for if they're negotiating peace? >> but they were giving up fighters, also, because it was an exchange of prisoners, not a

release, one-sided release. >> brennan: the ghani government was not supportive of your work. >> i was representing the united states to carry out the president's direction. but i believe the biggest difficulty was that president ghani and a few other afghan leaders did not believe that we were serious about withdrawal for a long time. and they liked the status quo, compared to political settlement, in which they might not have the jobs that they had and the resources will the u.s. was providing ould not be there. they preferred the status quo to a political settlement. >> brennan: the united states was promising to deliver the afghan government and make it th deal happen, wasn't it diplomatic malpractice for the secretary of state not to be holding ghani's hand and walking him through this? shouldn't mike pompeo and tony

blinken have been doing that? >> both of them spent a lot of time with president ghani to take the negotiation seriously, to believe -- believe-- >> brennan: how was more arm twisting not happening then? if all the blame is to go on the ghani government-- >> i believe myself, now that you've asked, that rather than that we press ghani too uch, it's my judgment that we didn't press him hard enough. and that we-- >> brennan: so the trump administration could have pushed harder. >> we could have pushed harder. in retrospect, my judgment is that we could have pressed president ghani harder. >> brennan: secretary blinken has said president biden inherited this deal and not a plan to execute it. >> right. >> brennan: whose job was that. >> i think they did inherit the agreement. there's no doubt they had an opportunity to take a look at it, and they did. they could have made a variety of decisions with regard to that agreement. they decided to stick with the

withdrawal provisions. >> brennan: why wasn't there a better plan in place from the trump administration, or crafted by the biden administration to execute what you put on paper? >> well, the execution of the last phase was not a military withdrawal that went awry. it was the response of the afghan people to what was happening that created the scenes at the airport. it was a combination of fear and opportunity. fear, because for a long time, everybody was saying, including some officials, that when the talibans come into kabul, there will be a terrible war, street-to-street fighting, destruction of the city. people were afraid of that, one. two, the impression was that anyone who made it to the airport, whether you have documents will or not, you will be evacuated to the united states and to europe. that combination led to this flood of people to come to the

airport and cause the terrible scenes. >> brennan: is there blame to be borne by president biden and his diplomats who you were working with? >> well, i believe that the diplomats worked very hard. the president made the decision he did not to pursue a condition-based approach but just a calendar-based approach, off a belief that if you pursue a condition-based approach, that the afghan must negotiate and come to an agreement first, that we will be stuck there for a long time. >> brennan: in your resignation letter you said, "this did not turn out as you envisaged." >> i would have wished, i would have liked to see a negotiated settlement. >> brennan: why wasn't there a plan in place, at least on the counter-terrorism front to deal with the taliban, to talk with the taliban? >> we did talk with the taliban. we had a set of agreements with them, some of them which have not been released yet, on what they will do on the terrorism

front. we hold them accountable to those agreements. >> diaz: the administration says that those dreamts are not in place, which is why they're trying to build those relationships now with the taliban. >> there is an agreement in place. there is an agreement in place with the taliban on terrorism and counter-terrorism. but-- >> brennan: to do what? >> well, they will not host, they will not allow fund-raising, they will not allow training, they will not allow recruitment by individuals or groups that would threaten the security of the united states and our allies, including al qaeda. but since we don't trust them, and since we decided to leave, we're going to do that from beyond afghanistan. and that's what remains a critical mission. >> brennan: do you think americans are safer now? >> the terrorist threat from afhanistan is not what it used to be. the american people should be pleased, not with the way the final phase happened-- we all

are unhappy with that. but that afghan war is over for the united states. the burden has been reduced. we achieved the goal of devastating al qaeda-- >> brennan: the c.i.a. says al qaeda could reconstitute within a year in afghanistan. >> we need to be a little humble in this regard but-- >> brennan: so we're not safer. you're hoping we are. >> we are much safer than we were before we went to al qaeda. when al qaeda running camps and thousands of people were being trained. al qaeda sponsored afghanistan. that is gone displeg from august of this year on. >> we need to keep an eye on the situation, not to do the same thing we did prior to 9/11 as we were seeing al qaeda was developing, training, organizing, and we didn't have a serious strategy on response on

9/11. we shouldn't repeat that mistake again. >> brennan: do you feel you were misled by the taliban. >> i don't allow people to mislead me. i do my homework. i was not all alone doing this. i had the military, the intelligence, everyone with me displeg you're the only one out here defending it, though. >> well, that's one reason-- >> brennan: i give you credit for coming and talking about it. >> one reason i left the government is that the debate wasn't really as it should be based on realities and facts of what happened, what was going on, and what our alternatives were, the decision was ultimately made to put condition-based aside and follow calendar. >> brennan: president biden could have asked to keep troops longer is what you're saying? >> he could have. and there would have been consequences for it, that the

taliban might not have accepted that, and, therefore, attacks on u.s. forces in place for so many months. >> brennan: 13 american service people died. >> as a result f a terrorist attack at the airport-- >> brennan: carried out by isis. >> and they are at war with each other. >> brennan: but that bomber was released from prison by the taliban. >> not, not with the intention-- >> brennan: not with the intention, but that is what happened. so this wasn't an orderly wthdrawal. 13 americans -- >> nobody, i'm not saying it was an orderly withdrawal. it was an ugly final phase, no doubt about it. it could have been a lot worse. the taliban did help with the withdrawal. general mckenzie will tell you they did everything we asked them to do during that final phase. i was on the phone with them constantly, push this, close this road, allow these buses. it could have been a lot worse.

kabul could have been destroyed. street-to had of street fighting could have occurred. i went to afghanistan after 30-plus years after the soviet withdrawal and what happened? everywhere you looked, there was destruction, like some german city after world war ii. this could have been a lot worse. it could have been a lot worse. it can still be a lot worse or it can get better. but the choices now are mostly afghans. rheumee said you can walk with people. you cannot walk for them. >> brennan: ambassador, thank you for your time. thank you for taking questions. >> thank you very much. good to see you. >> brennan: good to see you.

rule, a humanitarian crisis is growing inside of afghanistan. the u.n. reports 97% of households could be living below the poverty line by the middle of next year. imtiaz tyab has been reporting in kabul, documenting the state of the country following the u.s. withdrawal. >> reporter: one of the taliban's first acts after seizing kabul was to come here, to the green zone, and to paint their flag on this ashfault outside what was once the u.s. embassy to make it clear they're now in control. but so much across afghanistan is already spi ralg out of control. the united nations is warning at least one million children will die from malnutrition without urgent humanitarian assistance. like six-month-old so fea.

her father tells us he's helpless. kabul is a city i know well. i first started coming here over a decade ago. but never have i seen it so desperate. people we meet tell us things have gotten so bad, they're selling off whatever prosperity they once had. those with even less come here, to a u.s.a.i.d. -funded food distribution center. all that is on offer are sacks of flour and a bit of salt. wheel we're talking to an aid worker, the taliban arrived. >> they said stop. >> reporter: filming? >> yes, maybe you should come later. >> we heard them ask if they should kill us. it was time for us to go. now that the taliban are firmly back in power, it's up to the battle-hardened militants to govern and protect the lives of 30 million people.

in recent weeks, isis-k, has been lashing out. patrols like this have been stepped up across kabul, but the taliban insists that isis-k is not a threat. attacks like this tell a different story. less than a day after we rriefd in afghanistan, isis-k carried out a suicide bombing at a mosque belonging to the shi'a minority in the southern city of kandahar. despite the threat, the taliban leadership seems more interested in supporting repressive edicts against women and girls, including its recent decree that only girls 11 and under would be allowed to go to school, while girls over the age of 12, millions of them, are now forbidden, like 14-year-old hoda. does afghanistan still feel like home to you? >> no. >> reporter: the taliban's chief spokesman: when can they go back to school? is it a matter of weeks, months,

years? he says, "we are trying to do this, but we can't tell you how long it will take." >> the taliban really don't like women at all. >> reporter: this woman is an afghan-american women's rights activist. what do you want to say to those girls who haven't been able to go to school? >> i want to say to them, hang in there. >> reporter: afghan women and girls, defiant and determined despite the odds. >> brennan: that is imtiaz tyab reporting in kabul. we'll be right back. ♪ now listen to the beat ♪ ♪ kinda pat your feet ♪ ♪ it's all right ♪ ♪ have a good time 'cause it's all right ♪ ♪ oh, it's all right ♪

>> brennan: that's it for us >> brennan: that's it for us today. thank you for watching. until next week, for "face the nation," i'm margaret brennan. captioning sponsored by cbs captioned by media access group at wgbh access.wgbh.org

i'm elyse preston, cbs news, new york. ♪ >> announcer: this is the "cbs overnight news." good evening. thanks for joining us. california is bearing the brunt of what is being called a bomb cyclone. the intense storm is pounding the west coast with drenching rain and fierce winds. tonight the national weather service warns mudslides are a threat, especially in areas scorched by wildfires. there's already flooding. this is san mateo near san francisco. thousands across the state are without electricity right now. cbs news meteorologist jeff berardelli joins us with what we can expect. jeff, good evening. >> jericka, this is an extremely powerful storm. in fact, the most