i think the fist thing we do is start with the criminal migrants. about a million of those people have committed some form of crime in addition to crossing the border illegally. i think you start with deportations on those folks. and then you make it harder for illegal aliens to undercut the wages of american workers. a lot of people will go home if they can't work less than minimum wage in our country that will be really good for workers who just want to earn a fair wage for doing a day's work. >> we all want to solve this. most of us want to solve this, and that is the united states congress. that's the border patrol agents. that's the chamber of commerce. that's most americans out here. that's why we had the fairest and the toughest bill on immigration that this nation's seen. it was crafted by conservative senator from oklahoma, james lankford. i know him. he is super conservative, but he is a man of principle. wants to get it done. democrats and republicans worked on this piece of legislation. but border patrol say this is what we need in here. these are the experts.

and the chamber of commerce and "the wall street journal" said pass this thing. kamala harris helped get there. 1500 new border agents. detection for drugs. doj money to speed up the adjudications on this. just what america wants. but as soon as that was getting ready to pass and tackle this, donald trump said no. told them to vote against it because it gives him a campaign issue. it gives him -- what would donald trump talk about if we actually did some of these things? and they need to be done by the legislature. you can't just do this through the executive branch. so, look we have the options to the this. donald trump had four years. he had four years to do this. and he promised you, america, how easy it would be. i'll build you a big beautiful wall and mexico will pay for it. less than 2% of that wall got built, and mexico didn't pay a dime. donald trump put this all into motion. he brags about how great it was that he put the judges in and overturned roe v. wade. 52 years of personal autonomy. and then he tells us oh, we send

to it the states. it's a beautiful thing. amanda would disagree with you on it's a beautiful thing. a young bride in texas waiting for their child. at 18 weeks, she has a complication, a tear in the membrane. she needs to go in. the medical care at that point needs to be decided by the doctor. and that would have been an abortion. but in texas, that would have put them in legal jeopardy. she went home, got sepsis, nearly dies, and now she may have difficulty having children. so in minnesota, what we did is restore roe v. wade. we made sure that we put women in charge of their health care. but, look, this is not -- if you don't know amanda or a hadley, you soon will. their project 2025 is going to have a registry of pregnancies. it's going to make it more difficult if not impossible to get contraception and limit access, if not eliminate access to infertility treatments. >> as a republican who proudly wants to protect innocent life in this country, who proudly

wants to protect the vulnerable is that my party, we've got to do so much better of a job at earning the american people's trust back on this issue where they frankly just don't trust us. and i think that's one of the things that donald trump and i are endeavoring to do. now of course donald trump has been very clear that on the abortion policy specifically, that we have a big country, and it's diverse. and california has a different viewpoint on this than georgia. georgia has a different viewpoint from arizona. and the proper way to handle this, as messy as democracy sometimes is, is to let voters make these decisions. let the individual states make their abortion policy. and i think that's what makes the most sense in a very big, a very diverse, and let's be honest sometimes a very, very messy and divided country. >> tim walz and j.d. vance. stay with us. "cbs news roundup" will be right back.

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public elementary school in the capital helsinki. and yet their language proficiency is not the only thing that makes these fourth grade finns so remarkable. at just 10 years old, they're already learning to separate fact -- >> can you figure out which is the fake news? >> from fiction. today's assignment, let's find out if an alien really did land on earth in the past decade. yep, they also speak english. >> i don't think they have been ever somebody who has seen an alien. it's already fake because it says that it was ten years ago in 2013. still nobody has seen aliens ever. >> reporter: so you're saying if this happened ten years ago, you probably would have heard about an alien. >> yeah. >> reporter: these kids are already pros. they've been at it since they were 6.

and they'll keep sharpening their ability to spot hoaxes, avoid scams, and debunk propaganda throughout their education. just like every child in finland. lee anderson is the former education minister. >> i think it should be seen as a civic skill in the current society that we live in, because we all live in an information society nowadays, or it's called an information society, right. but actually, some of the information is mis or dismagnification. >> reporter: for this small nordic nation of just 5.5 million, rooting out misinformation is a civic stillborn of necessity. over the years, finland has found itself the target of fake news campaigns by a long-time foe, russia. a few examples. pro-russian trolls circulating videos and making debunked claims of finnish tanks mobilizing at the russian border. the reality, they were heading to a training exercise in the

opposite direction. the same russian media has been stoking anti-migrant sentiment in finland. >> finnish cities will be surrounded by a ring of burning ghettos. >> reporter: fueling protests and violence against refugees. the misinformation war has finns worried about the powerful name neighbor with whom they share an 800-mile-long border. after all, finns have seen how russia has treated another neighbor, ukraine. last year, finland joined nato, and they're building a wall along the border with russia. but it's this fake news firewall -- >> for example, the russian news site, does anyone have anything on that? >> reporter: they're counting on to safeguard this or any country's most precious resource, the truth. >> economist, "new york times." >> reporter: media literacy as it's called is woven into every class, like high school english.

>> and i also provided you with fake news sights, as they call them. >> reporter: here they learn to spot the red flags. >> this article says that facebook, ai chat backs up the claim that 2020 president election was rigged. and instead of the current president joe biden, the real winner was actually donald trump. >> reporter: then back up their reasoning. >> i'm very critical about this article and the whole site. the gateway founded is far right side, and it's known for being biased and publishing fake news. >> reporter: zamza muhammad grew up going to american schools abroad. were you taught to identify fake news? >> not really. it was only here when i started to get that, you know. i used to have questions. but every time i would ask them, the teacher or anybody else is no, this is the way it is. it's written here, but only now that i've come here i've been able to question. >> reporter: so critical thinking is a real priority. >> it's a huge priority here.

>> reporter: one that gives english teacher hope for the future. i have to say, i was very impressed. >> good. good to hear, yeah. >> reporter: i wish more adults were capable of doing what these kids are doing. >> i wish the exact same thing. i sometimes at home i have discussions with my husband, and they are not as sort of civilized as the youngsters. >> reporter: by virtually every global standard, finland ranks near the top in education. but when it comes to resilience against false information, finland is the top, first out of 41 european countries, according to a recent survey. educators credit a system that begins the moment they enter public school when their lives still revolve around fairy tales and playing pretend.

sonnen lindau teaches kindergarten. these are kids who still believe in the easter bunny and santa claus. >> definitely. >> reporter: you're not telling them it's fake news, you? >> well, i think with the santa claus, i leave to it the parents. we act together or we play. we draw. we can live in the fantasy world as well, of course. >> reporter: so there is a place for fantasy? >> yeah, yeah, of course. >> reporter: but there is also a place to start familiarizing children with the differences between advertisements and stories, poems and publicity, she says. all while teaching the country's youngest how to navigate and understand the internet. former education minister lee anderson. >> you start from preschool, i think as i said, it's more about familiarizing children also with what the digital world is, to make sure that all children have a sufficient set of digital skills. and on top of that, you also have to teach them how to act in the digitalized world, how to

interpret different type of texts and so on. >> reporter: it's a skill she insists that's not only central to finland's education system, it's central to finland's democracy. i guess for me the big question is what's at stake? i mean, what happens if kids come out of school, and they can't identify the difference between fake news and legitimate news? >> if that happens, i think it makes our societies very vulnerable. i think it will also polarize political discussion. there is a saying in finnish, you have the right to your own opinion, but you do not have the right to your own facts. >> that was chris livesay reporting. stay with us. "cbs n s roundup" will be r

steve hartman now with the heartwarming story of kindness that he found on the road. >> reporter: it hit him out of the blue. francis, custodian at james madison high school in vienna, virginia says he was walking through a parking lot earlier

this month when he saw something that literally brought him to his knees. >> my leg started shaking. i can't stand. i can't stand. i was panicking. and i have to get myself on the floor, and i was crying. >> reporter: you were crying? >> yeah. >> get him up. he is okay. >> reporter: laid out flat on the pavement, crying. tears of joy. the trail of these happy tears starts here. with a group of sophomore football players. the boys used to chat with francis outside their weight room. >> these are my people. >> reporter: eventually, those conversations led to friendships. >> god bless you guys all. >> reporter: with students like bennett, nick, and logan. >> he is always such a nice person. if we were to have a bad day, he would be the first guy hey, are you okay? let's do something nice for him. no one else is going to. >> reporter: and that's when

they asked francis, if you could have one splurge, what would you buy? >> i said why? why do you want to know? >> reporter: did you answer the question? >> yeah. >> reporter: what did you tell them? >> i told them that my heart desire is a jeep wrangler. >> reporter: a jeep wrangler? >> yes. that's why i try to work hard. >> reporter: francis sends money to his relatives in ghana. he is squeezed for cash. getting that car was nothing but a pipe dream. so the boys started a fundraising campaign, all on their own they did this. and within just four months, they'd raised $22,000, enough for a nice 2015 jeep wrangler. francis was so surprised to see those wheels, he started rolling. >> that's your car, man. that's your car! >> it got to the point where is he okay? making sure he is okay. we helped him up. >> and we finally got him in the car, and he is in just disbelief. >> it was incredible.

>> i would never, ever forget this. >> reporter: not because of the car, he says, but because of the kids. >> i can't believe this america. only america. america is a great country. may god bless america. >> and god bless the jeep wrangler. >> exactly. you got it. >> reporter: steve hartman, on the road, in vienna, virginia. >> so sweet. so wonderful to see. and that's today's "cbs news roundup." reporting from new york city, i'm shanelle kaul. hello and thanks so much for

staying up with us. i'm shanelle kaul in new york, and here are the top stories on "cbs news roundup." senator j.d. vance and governor tim walz pitching to the nation on why they're right for the job in the cbs news vice presidential debate. we get expert analysis on all aspects of that debate from cbs news' own political director. an escalation in the middle east in the wake of large iranian missile attack aimed at israel. vice presidential candidates j.d. vance and tim walz sparred tuesday night in the only presidential debate of this campaign, held right here at cbs in new york and cbs' caroline cummings has more. >> reporter: it didn't take long for the gloves to come off in the first and only debate between tim walz and j.d. vance. >> who has been the vice president for the last three and a half years? and the answer is your running mate. now the person closest to them,

to donald trump said he's unfit for the highest office. that was senator vance. >> reporter: immigration was one of the big issues of the night. >> we have to stop the bleeding. we have a historic immigration crisis because kamala harris started and said that she wanted to undo all of donald trump's border policies. >> donald trump had four years. he had four years to do this. and he promised you, america, how easy it would be. i'll build you a big beautiful wall, and mexico will pay for it. less than 2% of that wall got built, and mexico didn't pay a dime. >> reporter: walz targeted vance for his false claim haitian neighbors were eating pets in ohio. >> the governor had to send state law enforcement to escort kindergartners to school. >> reporter: vance objected to how the moderators "face the nation" host margaret brennan and evening news anchor norah o'donnell handled his response. >> thank you. senator, we have so much to get to. we're going turn now to the economy, thank you. >> the rules were that you guys

weren't going to fact check. and since you're fact-checking me, i think it's important to say what's actually going on. >> reporter: cbs news then cut both candidates' mics. there is no rest for the candidates now that their match is complete. they'll both head back on the campaign trail tomorrow hitting more battleground states. caroline cummings, cbs, new york. >> we're joined by cbs' political director fin gomez. great to see you in studio this hour. so much to get. to i want to start by asking about the tone of this debate. what did you make of it. ? >> i think the tone was markedly different from what we've seen in the cycle with the first two debates. this debate was more about substance. it was more about policy. it was more about frankly context. things that we frankly have not seen and voters have not seen in the previous debates, which were more about rhetoric and optics, i believe. here even if these two candidates disagreed, and

sometimes vastly had divergent policy ideas, there were moments of civility, there were moments f collegiality, and frankly, i think that, that was something that many voters were probably thirsty for. >> yeah. and i also want to ask about some of the big moments because you were there in the room. can you walk us through some moments that you saw that maybe folks at home didn't see or hear? >> i was in the room for the closing statements. and at the end of it, again, there was a sense where it could have been like -- it could have been like a pta meeting, frankly, where these two couples were -- the two candidates, they shook hands, and they introduced each other's wives who were there. it was really this sense of collegiality. an image, again, that we had not seen at all, frankly, for the majority of the cycle. >> and with just a couple of seconds here, i want to ask you, fin, how much impact you think could or could not have on voters? >> shanelle, traditionally that dial does not really move very much, especially with 35 days

out to go. however, two things could change. one is it really mobilizing and motivating your voters, your base voters. it's about that turnout in the last few weeks. also, there is about less than 10% of the electorate i would say, shanelle, that are undecided, unpersuadable voters. and i think in battle margins, as we know, there are seven key battleground states where they're so close that every little bit counts. if either of these candidates tonight move that dial or they can get some support, that it could help their candidacy, tonight. we'll see. >> okay, we will see. thank you so much, fin. >> thank you. turning now to middle east where the world is holding its breath over fears of a much wider war after iran launched a missile barrage against israel. these images here released by tehran show what they say are some of those missiles firing from iranian soil. according to iran, it was in

retaliation for israel's campaign against hezbollah in lebanon, a strong ally. many of those missiles were shot down by israel's iron dome defense system and by the u.s. navy on president biden's orders. but some got through, finding their targets on the ground. israel is now battling hamas in gaza, hezbollah in lebanon, as well as iran. and after tuesday's attack, both israel and the u.s. are vowing to respond. cbs' chris livesay has more from tel aviv. >> reporter: ballistic missiles light up the night sky as israel intercepts them. sending red-hot shrapnel floating like embers. some leak through israel's defenses, hitting targets on the ground. iran blanketed the length of the country with some 180 missiles, israel says, from the north -- >> on the right, on the right side. >> left side. >> to the western wall in jerusalem. to tel aviv, where we were when the sirens blared and panic

erupted. just been told to back away from the door of the shelter. we've heard a series of booms. you can see everybody is piled into this parking garage that's doubling as a shelter. there are dogs here. >> reporter: the israeli military said the attack would have consequences. "we have plans," said a spokesman. "we will act at a time and place of our choosing." and then a conspicuous turn. just moments before a missile barrage, there was an apparent terror attack at a train station where two men opened fire with assault rifles, killing at least seven and wounding eight, police say. the israeli military released video showing israeli soldiers descending into hezbollah's vast tunnel system and revealing caches of weaponry and

ammunition. the idf claims this aerial footage shows the destruction of an underground compound, fighting of an intensity not seen since the last israel-lebanon war in 2006 when israel launched a full ground invasion. this is iran's second direct attack on israel this year. how israel responds to this latest barrage could determine the direction of the widening war and whether the u.s. gets dragged into it. chris livesay, cbs news, tel aviv. coming up next, as former president jimmy carter turns 100 years old, we hear from the agents protecting him for decades. [young boy narrator] what's your magic number? mine are 3, 6, and 12. take me home and love me for 3, 6, or 12 months. your choice. choose your own adventure. make me yours. show me your world for 3, 6, or 12 months.

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please visit lls.org or call 1.800.955.4572 [male narrator] a waterfall made of fire. goats that defy gravity. a turning point in history. a palace carved out of clay. the place where we grew wings. a thunderstorm beneath your feet. an eternal torch and an enduring dream. national parks are extraordinary. so is the support you give them. [music fades out] this is "cbs news roundup." i'm shanelle kaul in new york. it was party time in plains, georgia where local hero, former

president jimmy carter celebrated his 100th birthday. mr. carter was our nation's 39th president. his administration was tarred with controversy, but in the decade since, he has left his mark on the country and the world. nicole sganga spoke with four secret service agents who protected him for nearly half a century. >> reporter: when former president jimmy carter exited the white house in 1981, view expected his hometown of plains, georgia -- >> small town usa. >> reporter: to become his launch pad to the world. how many countries did you travel together to? >> over 140 countries. >> reporter: former special agent in charge alex parker accompanied carter overseas and at home. >> we would jog down this road here. >> reporter: he ran alongside president carter for 21 years. >> president carter called me at home and said you need to pack your bag. we're going to haiti tomorrow morning. >> reporter: former special agent in charge bill bush

secured a 1994 diplomatic mission to haiti averting a full-scale u.s. invasion. carter's detail also traveled to nearly every country on the african continent. >> you had kids in africa that lived in villages, and they were probably 6 and 7 and 8-year-old. and they would be hollering jimmy carter, jimmy carter! >> reporter: but the assignment of protecting the peacemaker in chief came with its rewards. carter insisted on this photo of him celebrating the nobel peace prize together with agents. plus hobbies, fly fishing, dog sh sledding and skiing. >> he had never been snow skiing before. so he and miss carter took lessons out in colorado. and so isolated a group of agents and went to school in colorado. >> reporter: even at 98, the occasional joyride with former first lady rosalynn carter beside him. and current special agent in

charge don witham in the driver's seat. >> it was a light in his eyes that reminded me of days we'd take him for peanut butter ice cream. >> reporter: carter taught sunday school lessons religiously until 2023. special agent in charge nick steen. >> no matter where we were or what we were doing, he was going to be home by saturday night so he could get his lesson prepared for sunday morning. >> reporter: and regularly attended services. >> it was humbling, particularly one sunday in particular because the certainlsermon was talking making the world a better place. and he very quietly put down his head and said "i tried" to myself. i reached to his shoulders and said "sir, you succeeded." >> reporter: a peanut farmer turned navy submariner, now 100 years old holds another title, the longest protected mission of the u.s. secret service. the u.s. secret service. in

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and help save another lives of children like brayden. now, i'm 11 years old. we were actually doing the checkup for my brain. and they saw something in my throat. it's thyroid cancer. it was heartbreaking to find out that he has cancer again. but we knew who we had behind us. it just gives me hope. you can make a difference. join with your credit or debit card for only $19 a month. and we'll send you this st. jude t-shirt. without st. jude or its donors, we would have been in a bad place. these kids, they've done nothing wrong in the world. finding a cure for childhood cancer, it means everything. help st. jude give kids with cancer a chance. [audio logo] when a tough cough finds you on the go,

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way. cbs' dr. jon lapook explains. >> reporter: this past spring, joan prum's advanced age and increasing frailty ushered in a new reality. >> at 98, it's called new territory. so i think i'm doing pretty well. >> reporter: when you heard the word "hospice," what did that mean to you? >> i thought that unless you were really infirm and bed ridden, you wouldn't be a candidate for hospice. but turns out not to be true. >> reporter: health are teams provide comfort to hospice patients expected to live no longer than six months. as with all palliative care, they decrease pain and increase quality of life. but with hospice, attempts to cure a person's illness are stopped. some people are afraid of that word. hospice -- >> oh, indeed, indeed. i just thought mentioning hospice, beginning of the end.

>> reporter: founded 50 years ago, connecticut hospice was the first in the nation and oversees joan's care. barbara pierce is the ceo. so it's really hard to predict how long somebody has to live. who makes the decision? >> the patient. the patient and their families. >> reporter: routine hospice services average about $200 a day and are covered by medicare, medicaid, and most private insurance plans. but only about half of medicare patients use it. >> hospice care involves sitting down at the very beginning and say what your goals of care. what do you want your life to look like in the next few months, and how can we help. >> reporter: hospice care can be given in nursing homes, assisted living facilities, and places like connecticut hospice. but about 99% choose to receive services at home, just like former president jimmy carter and joan prumm. did the fact that you had heard about hospice through president carter help you there? >> oh, yes. it certainly made it the thing to do.

>> reporter: what do you think president carter and his family going public saying he's entering hospice meant for the hospice movement? >> he's given everybody permission to consider that as a reasonable option that doesn't shorten their life, but does increase their comfort and fulfillment. >> reporter: joan prumm still cooks and can mostly navigate her connecticut apartment on her own. so are you going to show me what's in the refrigerator? oh, it's pretty stocked. you have fruit. what else is in here? but she depends on hospice staff and other visitors to keep her safe and engaged. are there things you want the stay around for? >> oh, mostly my grandchildren. >> reporter: how many grandchildren do you have? >> eight. >> reporter: wow. >> yes. and they're spectacular. >> reporter: initially you thought it was the beginning of the end? >> right. >> reporter: and now? >> i'm not over yet. i'm not threw yet. >> reporter: and with the help of home hospice, she is savoring every precious moment.

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the latest wave in designer drinks is called boba, or bubble tea. you may have a new cafe in your town. jo ling kent introduces us to the businessmen who were instrumental in bringing the boba boom to the u.s. >> reporter: in hayward, california -- >> so this is it, our u.s. boba factory. >> cool. >> reporter: at america's first boba factory. it smells so good. >> really, you like it? that's the sugar you smell.

>> reporter: i suited up to see what's behind the bubble tea boom across the country. boba has been this the united states for a long time, and yet production here within the u.s. is still really challenging. >> for boba, you don't have it here. the only way we can do it is to start everything from scratch. >> reporter: u.s. boba company was founded by entrepreneurs david phan, andrew chow and ben chang. they make the iconic chewy balls that make up so many boba drinks here, instead of importing them from asia. here the balls that start as tapioca start -- >> here we go, ready? >> reporter: -- get flavored, mixed and rolled in a tumbler until they're just the right size to fit into those iconic wide strauss. oh, there is a big ball. oh, no! boba maker in training over here. this is not good. you want to make sure every single boba is the same size so it cooks at the same rate. >> exactly. >> reporter: from there the tapioca balls are sorted into

batches. enough for 10,000 cups each. >> thank you! can i take it home? why did you start this and go into the boba business more than a decade ago? >> the quick answer is i want a free boba. >> reporter: andrew chow is also one-half of boba guys, the national bubble tea chain he cofounded with fellow chinese american chang. >> i think a lot of americans start a company as a reflection of some hidden or overt part of their identity there was a part of us can we make our culture cool or mainstream or accessible. this is where the next level of magic happens. we're in one of the stores right now. we're going boil the boba. pour that in. >> all of it? there it is. we're looking for the equivalent of al dente, but for boba. >> you want to learn a term? you probably know. >> qq. >> what does qq mean? >> the chewiness factor. >> reporter: boba first emerged

in the 1980s out of tea shops in taiwan. >> all right. we are here -- >> reporter: chow and chen travelled there to trace the drink's origins. now boba guys is one of a growing number of companies that has helped bubble tea become a $2.6 billion business in the u.s. alone. >> i drink boba every day. >> i'm addicted. maybe that's it. maybe i don't love it. maybe i'm addicted. >> reporter: according to yelp, the number of boba cafes across the country has skyrocketed. almost 50% over the last few years. >> the taste and the palate of americans are changing, just much more international, kind of awareness. and i think that has helped the boba industry. >> reporter: what makes a good boba order? >> despite how complex people think it is, it's just boba, milk, tea, and some type of sweetener. >> reporter: now we're getting into it. we're going make boba. >> here we go. >> reporter: so one scoop. >> boba first. >> reporter: i've been drinking this stuff my entire life. this is the first time i've ever

made it. >> there you go. it's all foamy. how is the texture? >> reporter: this is so good. now starbucks is jumping on the band bandwagon, saying it will add pearls inspired by some asian drinks to drinks. >> we think there is a cafe style. >> reporter: coffee? >> maybe coffee, maybe smoothies. >> reporter: you worry at all with boba becoming so popular maybe it won't be so closely linked to its taiwanese routes? >> that is always going to be a worry. my thing is this. people are learning about taiwanese culture than ever before. i think if that's the reason why something

it's wednesday, october 2nd, 2024. this is "cbs news mornings." >> did he lose the 2020 election? >> tim, i'm focused on the future. >> faceoff. the two vice presidential candidates go head to head in thrs