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>> 3 die in one of the biggest demonstrations in egypt in years. tens of thousands call for an end to hosni mubarak's hold on power. demonstrations turned deadly in lebanon against hezbollah. russia's prime minister about retribution for the russian airport bombing. welcome to "bbc world news," broadcast around the world. my name is mike and lee -- emley. the state of the union -- president obama bows to promote unity. the oscar nominations -- we now know all contenders for less -- for next month's ceremony. three people have died in one of

the biggest demonstrations in egypt in years. riot police in cairo and other cities fired teargas and water cannons to try to break up demonstrations. there were inspired by the popular uprising in tunisia. their slogans against president hosni mubarak were shouted as they threw stones at the police. john leyne was there. >> egypt has not seen protests like these in years. but after the example of tunisia, suddenly they have lost their fear. >> this is for egypt. we want hosni mubarak to leave egypt. it has been 15 years, and there is no change. we need to change the security. they are beating us, killing us.

there is government oppression, ok? they are using tear gas. >> at first, the police seemed to step aside, wrong footed by the size of the demonstration. then they regrouped. but protesters stood their ground, a couple even confronting the water cannon. the driver seemed confused about what to do. others picked up rocks and through them at the police. the confrontation went back and forth through the center of cairo. these are amazing scenes. the police keep trying to disperse the protesters. protestors keep pushing them back in the face of teargas and water cannons. when protesters to rocks at them, the police throw the rocks back. >> look at my bond. i am here.

i will stay. >> they made another charge. we saw injuries among protesters and police, lots of blood. but there was no sight of gunfire. oneç egyptian caught this put t on his mobile phone. there are images upper president 00 -- of hosni mubarak being torn down. this will be a huge shock to him. the protesters believe that after tunisian anything is possible. john leyne, bbc news, cairo. >> and american-educated billionaire has been appointed prime minister of lebanon. there has been an outcry of supporters of hisç predecessor, saad hariri, who say this is

caused by hezbollah and its allies. >> as power slipped away from them, the promised a day of rage. saad hariri supporters vented their anger on media outlets which seemed sympathetic to their opponents. as anger played itself out on the streets, lebanon and was finding a solution to a political crisis. the outgoing prime minister called on his supporters to show restraint. >> i understand the shouts of anger that have come out of their chests. they are full of pain and dignity. it is not right that this anger leads as to what is against our police and upbringings. democracy is the only way we express our political steps. >> it was determined the new man would take control of the lebanese process. he is an american-educated

billionaire from syria. he is a moderator, he says, a seeker of consensus. >> the lawmakers who have nominated me -- i respect the opinion of those who did not. but according to the rules of democracy, i assure you cooperation will be complete between us, the former government. the lebanese want a government that takes unity and solidarity between the people. >> the routine political maneuverings have produced a profound change in lebanon. for years, has the law, heavily armed and socially active, sponsored the private stay within a state. now it has to use more conventional ways to power. the anger of saad hariri supporters has peaked. they believe has a lot -- hezbollah is benefiting from the

crisis it created with the assassination of saad hariri's father in 2005. this is the new lebanese opposition, adamant hezbollah owes its political power to guns and fear. syria's abilityç to broker a dl in this region is on the rise. the united states says it has a lot is a terrorist -- says hezbollah is a terrorist organization. >> russian prime minister vladimir putin has bowed retribution on those behind the airport bombing. there is little doubt in russia militants from the caucasus were behind the attack, which killed 35 people. it has risen questions about how effective the policy of cracking down has been so far. >> domodevo, just after several international flights had arrived. then, the bomb.

çwith dust and smoke everywher, the injured were loaded onto stretchers and luggage trawlers. -- trolleys. 35 people were killed. mark green had just left the terminal when the bomb went off, but went back to help survivors. >> he was seriously injured. he had a pair of jeans on that had a patch of blood on the side from his groin down to his knee. >> it wasç here at internationl arrivals that theç bomb went o. this part of the airport was closed today. the crime scene is hidden behind a blue tarpaulin. this is what the purple and is hiding, and arrivals hall -- this is what the tarp is hiding, and arrivals hall that is shattered. vladimir putin promised to end the attacks linked to islamists

from the troubled north, a promise he is trying hard to keep. worse for the early years. there was a moscow bombing in 2002 that left 29 dead. çthere was the beslan school attack two years later, which killed more than 300, many of them children. even the moscow metro was bombed just last year. domodevo airport was working almost normally today, with flights arriving from across the world. the russians are asking when the government will keep its promise and restore security. bbc news, domodevo airport, near moscow. >>ç the bomb in moscow was in e international arrivals area, taxi drivers, and business people, a vulnerable target. what precautions do airports around the world take?

in israel, all vehicles go through aç checkpoint and spot checks by armed guards. all luggage going into the holds of aircraft is x-ray. in nairobi, there are random vehicle checks. non-passengers are barred from the airport terminal. before entering the building, luggage is x-ray. for more now, we go to madrid to see how security is handled there. >> this is madrid's iconic airport, the busiest and biggest in spain. here at the entrance, there is no extra security. you can walk in off the street like i just have. no one checks the bags. there are no other searches. you walk through the doors and into the terminal. this airport handles around 60 million passengers every year. it is not a place that is bristling with arms security.

the atmosphere here seems pretty relaxed. that is not particularly surprising, given that since 2004, there were bombs set off outside the airport. this is the area for passenger sacurity checks. there are x-rays for hand baggage and some people are asked to take their boots off before they go through. occasionally, people are taken out of the line for special attention. what madrid does not have is anybody scanners. in moscow, it was not the departures area of the airport, but arrivals that was targeted. here in madrid as in many airports around the world, it is in the arrivals area where security is particularly focused. -- is particularly relaxed. there areç always dozens or hundreds of people waiting here for friends and families to come to customs. like everywhere else, access is

completely free. people come off the streets with no questions asked. crass like this, whether in an airport, railway station, or a metro, are a potential soft target for a determined attacker. >> at least 12 people have been killed in pakistan in two suicide bombings. in the first attack in the eastern city of lahore, ça teenage security -- teen-age suicide bomber blew himself up outside the security checkpoint. at least nine people were killed and more were injured. there was a second suicide bombing in karachi. the man in the australian city of perth was charged with people smuggling. this relates to the debt of up to 50 asylum seekers who sunk off christmas island in december. the boat was packed with iraqi and kurdish refugees. the man could face up to 20 years in prison.

a former detainee from guantanamo bay will be -- who was 12 in a civilian court has been sentenced to life in jail by a judge in new york. mohamed elbaradei was convicted of trying to destroy a a government building. -- destroyed a government building. president obama deliver the state of the union speech later. it is his first since the midterm election. for the first time in his presidency, there are more republicans in the room than democrats. will looked at what the president has to do to unite the country. >> just a few miles from the white house, on the outskirts of the capital of capitalism, is a monument to state intervention. in this quiet corner of maryland, you will find green belt. >> this kind of city spells

cooperation, forever doing things together. >> a 1930's utopian vision of unity was entirely planned and paid for by the federal government as part of president roosevelt picked new deal. president obama's social contract never went as far as building will communities, but he has already used in modern day stimulus to try to get billions of americans back to work. tonight, he will announce plans for more government spending that he will package as targeted investment in america's economic well-being. she is more than theç 150 milln unemployed americans the president will say are his top priority. in the cafe, a bellman at told me she has seen a new president whose leadership is more apparent. >> it is interesting how bold and clear he has been in his communication, and what he says about what is important.

>> you look for president obama to make compromises? >> i think that is the way to do it. if there is no compromise on both sides, it will fail. >> president obama will use the state of the union address to try to revive america's flagging self-confidence. it will appeal to national unity in the face of global pressure. even his most ardent supporters know that speeches are not enough. this presidency will rest on something more prosaic, the state of the economy. the president will say america must invest in education and innovation in order to stay ahead. but how to square that with huge, and popular deficits? bill owns a small tech services company. he is not convinced by the president's new business- friendly tone.

>> he has never had to worry about spending the money. for him to come in and all of a sudden innovate and create a massive policy -- >> is there anything bill once from tonight's speech? ç>> it is healthy for the couny to be fighting. we have to pull together. he really burned a lot of bridges. >> following the shootings in arizona, president obama has an opportunity. if he can help cooperation over conflict,ç he may allow this divided congress to work for him. >> stay with us if you can. still to come, the oscar nominations are announced. "the king's speech" leads the field, with tough competition from "true grit," "the social

network,", and more. gdqç growth is expected to doube in the richer countries this world, according to the imf. they have warned financial stability is more a risk, especially in the eurozone. >> given the strength of asia's two powerhouse economies, china and india, it is no surprise the imf predicts both countries will lead the way of growth this year. çthe fund forecast the chinese economy will enjoy expansion of 9.6%, while india will grow 8.4%. there are debt crises facing several countries in europe. that will affect growth in developed nations, and will take a long time. >> economic activity has slowed down since the second semester of 2010. that was expected. it was the end of the cycle.

there were fiscal considerations. the bottom line is the global economy is continuing. >> as president obama gets ready for his state of the union address amid criticism about efforts to create jobs, the imf is of deep -- is upbeat on the health of the u.s. economy. it predicts the growth of 3% this year. however, millions of americans will still be out of work. unemployment is expected to remain stubbornly high, at 9%. compare that to 5% three years ago. nearly four years after the financial crisis crippled many of the world's rich economies, the imf is concerned that financial stability is still at risk because of failure to impose reforms and regulations. the fund warns interactions between banking and sovereign credit risks in the eurozone remains a critical factor.

>> the latest headlines for you this hour on "bbc world news." thousands of anti-government demonstrators have clashed in egypt. three people have been killed. demonstrations turned violent in lebanon against the candidate backed by hezbollah as the country's new prime minister. the problems with food aid. handing it out can make people disastrously dependent. not handing it out when people are starving is immoral. thousands of governments in northern uganda are trying to combat the drought and famine. there is a policy that carries considerable risk. fpçour correspondent reports. ç>> this town in northeast ugaa is one of the poorest places in the world. people here have lived through war, bad government, and crowd.

for decades, they have been kept alive by international aid. now, that is about to change. these families exist on the edge of starvation. they have walked miles to get here. their life is one of hunger and disease, yellow fever, malaria, and cholera. without this basic relief, aid workers believe some would certainly die. >> i used to have animals. i was able to grow food. but now there is only wild berries to live on. >> this handout lasts 10 people for two weeks. it is organized by the world food program. it saves lives, but wfp has been here since 1963, and the permanent presence is causing

resentment. >> they have destroyed the energy and commitment the people used to have in their livelihood. they have created dependence. our people should not be dependent on food aid. that research should be going to people to build the capacity to produce. >> the wfp has drawn up a plan that is not without danger, but has been backed by you gotta, britain, and other western nations. it is to identify the most vulnerable, like these malnourished children, and persuade everyone else to fend for themselves. the aid official who designed the project moved here from his headquarters in rome to check it

and work on the ground. >> people are going to die. it is a troubling humanitarian imperative. changing that means people are taking risks. people who are receiving support are taking risks. we are taking risks. but in the end, those risks and the paying off for people. -- end up paying off for people. one part of the project is training people to plant their own crops. they did, but then came drought and disease. here is the devastation caused by crop failure. there should be miles of sorghum fields here, but disease came in and killed them. this is what the staple diet is meant to look like. this is where the disease moved in and kill them. this creates difficult

decisions. there is plenty of food aid in the tented warehouse. but under the new scheme, crop failure does not automatically qualify. only the very needy receive it. magdalena got her last food handout in november. now, she says she is running out. that are saying the food aid has stopped completely. she talks of having to forage for food in the bush. >> i am frightened. i do not know where the food will come from. the children -- what will happen to them? >> there is a final fall back, eating old goat skin, with a

chilling familiarity about it. fur and all, hungry children will fit down. they have done it before when food is short, and they will do it again. ahead of its planned, perhaps. but how long the withhold food before children resort to this text -- how long do you withhold food before children resort to this? >> the italian prime minister is mired in allegations sleeping with an underage prostitutes. he found time to launch a tv program today. he discussed the latest allegations by milan magistrates. it was described as disgusting whorehouse television based on lies. they called him an ignorant loud. the oscar nominations are out in hollywood.

there will be a battle at the ceremony next month. >> the oscar has become part of hollywood tradition, complete with reporters going live around the world. >> i am very happy to welcome academy award winner monique. >> it was not even 6:00 a.m. here. the academy likes to turn of the glitz. a few surprises in the best actor category. the british star colin firth is the hot favorite. academy voters gave "the king's speech" the most nominations come up with 12. >> people have a crush on that. it made them feel great. it took them on a great adventure. >> here is the competition, this

remake of the classic western "true grit," with 10 nominations. and there are eight for this. many think "the social network" is the main contender for top honors. other nominees include britain's christian bale for best supporting actor, natalie portman as best actress, and mike leigh is nominated for his screenplay for "another year." academy members vote again now that nominations are out. a starter favorite does not guarantee a big win. it does mean an exciting oscar show. >> much more on that any time on bbc.com. thanks for watching.

>> hello and welcome. >> see the news unfold, get the top stories from around the globe and click-to-play video reports. go to bbc.com/news to experience the in-depth, expert reporting of "bbc world news" online. >> funding was made possible by the freeman foundation of new york, stowe, vermont, and honolulu. newman's own foundation. the john d. and catherine t. macarthur foundation. and union bank. >> union bank has put its global expertise to work for a wide range of companies, from small businesses to major corporations. what can we do for you?

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