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>> hello, and welcome to "bbc world news." tripoli is one city, two tails. colonel gaddafi as it is peaceful, but our correspondent finds that the unrest has also reached there. and people are fleeing to the tunisian border. the united nations warns of a humanitarian crisis. united states is beefing up its military presence in the region, and in other news, the united nations suspends libya from the human rights council. >> below, i might emily. welcome to the program, broadcast to our viewers on pbs in america and elsewhere around the globe -- i am mike embley.

drought in china as the country's economy steams ahead. can the water supply keep pace with the change. >> welcome to benghazi, libya's second-largest city. we have heard bursts of gunfire. there is still uncertainty here, mixed with a sense of celebration. this is still very much a divided country. colonel gaddafi is holding on,

but even the capital is not under his control, as we have been finding out. >> gaddafi supporters were in town to wave off a convoy to benghazi. they say his authority will be restored. >> forever, forever. >> the power of the regime is concentrated in the capital. gaddafi has genuine support here. people would not be out on the streets like this if they

thought there wasn't in it chance of violent regime change. but look what somebody put it discreetly and without saying anything into one of the hands of my colleagues, a shell casing. it feels very different. they come at night, sometimes opening fire, sometimes taking people away note -- away. >> talking to you right now, if somebody sees me, maybe i will not stay at home tonight. >> the authorities say single figures show there have not been massive problems.

we were given pictures to show what happens. -- happened. it is not clear which part of them opened fire. but they were shooting to kill. the regimes as its men only shoot in self-defense, against crowds inspired by it al qaeda. colonel gaddafi told the bbc that all of his people loved him. not here. 32 years old, killed last friday, he left a child and a pregnant wife.

jeremy bowen, bbc news, tripoli. >> defiance and determination in the capital of tripoli, and also, to come in the east. some are being taken to safety by their own governments, but even more are just heading for the border. the libyan border with tunisia, there is a growing humanitarian crisis, tens of thousands of workers still stranded at the crossing. then brown reports. -- ben brown. >> they are stranded, out of libya but not yet safely into neighboring tunisia. this bordering crossing point has been overwhelmed by a tide of humanity.

more than 70,000 people so far and counting. the vast majority of them migrant workers from countries like egypt. many are exhausted and sick, and no wonder. they have been traveling for days to get here, fleeing from the terror and turmoil that is colonel gaddafi's libya. >> they have to try to ease the situation a little bit. a humanitarian crisis. there has to be a concerted effort, and governments have to take action right now. >> once they do get through the border, many end up sleeping on the roadside. for the fortunate few, there is a transit camp that has been set

up by the tunisian army. the united nations have just created another camp. suddenly, these people are living like refugees. but one of them, mohammad, says it would have been worse to have stayed in libya. >> face many troubles. >> united nations refugee agency has called for an air evacuation. those who have crossed the border here, they can get home, but tonight, these people are preparing to sleep rough on the roadside yet again, where it is cold, wet, and miserable. ben brown, bbc news, on the tunisian border. >> in geneva today, there was an emergency session of united nations human rights council. they decided to suspend the

libya. and secretary general ban ki- moon made a strongly worded speech, criticizing the abuses and calling for democratic change. >> from the beginning of the crisis, i have called on the libyan leadership to hear our strong collective voice to end the violence and to respect human rights and to keep the aspirations of the libyan people. a transition to a new democratic government should stand now. the winds of change are shifting their and north africa. this goes to yemen and beyond. the people are demanding new rights and new freedoms. the international community must stand firm. the u.n. charter is very clear. it is our practice to stand for human rights, social progress,

and better standards of life. equally important, the societies of this region have been a victim of outside interference in their daily lives and culture. today, as they strive to create new future change, who is imperative -- it is imperative that change must come from libyans. >> u.n. secretary ban ki-moon speaking a short time ago. most world powers now agree, it is time for colonel gaddafi to go, but they are not sure how to help in this process. some capitals are imposing a no- fly zone, but any military options would require international agreement. our diplomatic correspondent james robbins looks at the issues. >> these are pictures of the libyan opposition, showing a

helicopter being used and possibly attacking them. and here, they apparently destroyed a home in eastern libya, the gaddafi regime insists its planes have not been used against civilians. forcing its aircraft to stay on the ground would be the major objective of imposing a no-fly zone. perhaps covering whole of libya. but it would be controlled by combat aircraft, american and possibly other nationalities, and ordered to shoot down other aircraft in specified circumstances. today, david cameron is repeating the calls to get them to think ahead and to plan for every eventuality. >> to have a situation where colonel gaddafi can be murdering his own people, and we have to plan now to make sure if that happens, we can do something to stop it, and that is why i said

is right for us to plant it. >> but before any no-fly zone can be enforced, who authorizes it? it would come from a u.n. security council resolution. then, somebody would have to enforce it, possibly nato, and then, clear rules of engagement would have to be established, determining when aircraft would be shot down. already, two with veto powers, france and russia, have questioned its. david owen wants a no-fly zone, but itñ will take time. >> it will probably not be done until we see an outrageous episode. it is a sad thing that we have to wait for preventive action, but the more it is talked about, the more gaddafi will have to

worry about a no-fly zone. >> they captured guns from rebels. before any no-fly zone can be enforced, the libyan air defenses will have to be destroyed. james robbins, bbc news. >> many of these activists we speak to say they do not want troops on the ground. there are activists about whether there should be a no-fly zone and whether there should be air strikes on the capital of tripoli. his air force still poses a threat.

>> for the rebels here, the sky is the danger. colonel gaddafi has sent his plane's three times so far to attack these weapons. in fact, two of the three pilots send it to attack this. miss. that is a relief, because they're hopelessly neglected.

there is a large number of mortar bombs made in britain. >> the british staff like the rest is a very elegant. one of the rebels volunteered to drive into the arms dump. everyone we spoke to was hoping for a no-fly zone by the western powers. >> please, we want a free people of europe and america to listen to our requests. >> but now, there is no protection against the air force, just a few nervous volunteers working at random. bbc news. >> welcoming here in the east, opposition continues to organize to run the day-to-day affairs in those areas which are no longer under the control of muammar gaddafi.

and the last 24 hours, they established a military committee, they say to help with training, to record, and also to deal with defections from colonel's gaddafi's side. they say a talk about a push to the capital, even though they do not have the forces to take on the leader and his stronghold. the uncertainties that go on, 13 days after the uprising began, and they make a lot of people here still uneasy. in benghazi, back to you. >> thanks for watching "bbc world news." stay with us if you can. we have the latest. first though, just 39 years old, the german defense minister

looked to have a great future. karl-theodor zu guttenberg was even talked about being a possible president, but there were cries of plagiarism with his doctoral thesis. >> young, with a glamorous wife, an aristocrat, which. today, the charmer and out. -- rich. today, the charm ran out, he resigned. he said, "was a friendly chat with angela merkel, i told her i would resign." the doctoral thesis he said he wrote, he did not write entirely. caughpage after page, it was wrn

by others. the sheehan had gone. -- sheen had gone. angela merkel said she had accepted his resignation. she says, "this morning, i was surprised when he asked to speak with me by phone. i have accepted his resignation with a heavy heart." the german army is being radically restructured. his departure leaves a gap in governance, but he was also for the very top job, so that throws politics into uncertainty. the chancellor had stood by her defense minister, and now, he was forced out. steven evans, bbc news, berlin.

>> the latest headlines for you this hour on "bbc world news." the situation on the libyan- tunisian border is now a full- blown crisis. the german assembly has voted to suspend libya from the u.n. human rights council, accusing them of violation of human rights. and under arrest is still flaring across the middle east. the gulf state of oman is seen protests for the fourth day in a row, and there are words that troops have been deployed. and we have this report from peter barnes. >> the opposition said this was the biggest protest in yemen so far. thousands of demonstrators filled the streets of the capital, calling for president to step down.

he has been facing dili protests since the clamor for reforms in tunisia and elsewhere -- daily protests. "we refuse to take part in the dialogue proposed by the ruling party," says this woman. this is the end of the regime. all of the members must please. joining the rally was a leading cleric. -- all of the members must lead. -- leave. "no one can prevent you. otherwise, what is the meeting -- meaning?" but the internal strife in yemen is exacerbated by a rebel movement in the north and secessionists in the south. the president has been on the

offensive, as well. he spoke with the university. he blamed america and israel for the current unrest. the operation room is in tel aviv, which is plotting to destabilize the arab world, he said. the people are only imitators. the operation room is in tel aviv, and it is run by the white house. the president's supporters also came on to the streets. until today's outburst, today's leader had been an important ally in the war on terror, but this is an uncertain time, when nothing can be taken for granted. peter boyle, bbc news. >> and clashed with iranian police. witnesses described thousands of police and militia on the streets using batons and tear gas to disperse protesters. we understand dozens of people have been affected.

bahrain has seen another day of protests with thousands in the streets. the rulers of bahrain have sought to have talks to ease tensions. brazilian police have been questioning a man accused of driving his car high speed through a crowd in a southern city. at least 40 were injured. the accused man says he accelerated in self-defense because cyclists were banging on his collar. regent -- car. 11 muslims up and sentenced to death in an indian state for an attack on a train nine years ago. it triggered some of the worst violence since independence. 20 others were given life sentences. the fire killed 59 hindus, and at least 1000 people were wounded.

minutes of silence were observed across new zealand for the victims in christchurch. the death toll is at 154, but it could rise. and a french fashion house, dior, is doing away with its top designer, john galliano. police briefly detained him on thursday night and accused him of making anti-semitic remarks. he denied making them. china is spending $1 billion in an emergency after combat, one of the most serious drought in decades. it has sent global wheat prices up already. recent snowfall has helped but little. the worry in china is that the rush for growth is depleting the water sources that 200 million people rely on.

>> across northern china, the land is dry. but parched by drought. it is dotted by muddy pools where there should be water. some say it is the driest in a lifetime. this woman says the dam used to stretch all of the way to the village, and here in the farmlands, supplies are now being rationed. china is the world's biggest row or and consumer of wheat. -- of water -- the biggest grower and consumer of wheat. millions of farmers will suffer, and food prices around the world will rise.

she says they are all like this. >> we all have to go to the towns to find work. >> to stop that happening, the chinese government is spending $1 billion to build an emergency well. deep under the earth, the water is slowly running out. cities arent expanding fast. 200 million people now live here. there are fears the underground water could run dry in 30 years. china, an engine for the global economy, could find that water constrains its future growth. >> there is a growing understanding that this is not sustainable. the harsh reality is that there is simply not much water. >> some areas do have a vast

quantities of water. this is the yellow river. but they lie far to the south. china is undertaking one of the biggest engineering projects, a giant series of canals and pipelines to shift the water north at a cost of $60 billion. when complete, these pipes will stretch nearly 1,000 miles from south to north. the project will carry 50,000 olympic size swimming pools of water every day, but even then, it is not enough. china's thirst is great. millions may find that one day, the water has run dry. bbc news. >> we have got much more on that in the international news anytime you want it online, bbc.com/news. you can get in touch with me

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>> union bank has put its global financial strength to work for a wide range of co what can we do for you? >> "bbc world news" was presented by kcet los angeles.