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>> this is "bbc world news america." if the euro fails, then europe fails, that is the warning from the german chancellor to european leaders as a grandmother for a summit on the european debt crisis. the search for survivors continues in turkey. some are still clinging to hope. the residents that fished the chesapeake bay. now this tight-knit community is under threat. welcome to our viewers on pbs in america and also of around the globe. it is now or never warned the

german chancellor as european leaders meet in brussels to go over the details to fixity european debt crisis. there is a bigger write off for greek debt and guaranteed funds if italy and spain need to borrow more. our europe and the deer is in brussels and sent this report. >> -- our europe correspondent is in brussels and sent this report. >> the european leaders gathered to fix the crisis but never has the pressure been bigger than today. >> it is in british interest that we solve this crisis. some will be talked about this afternoon in terms of strengthening banks across europe. we need to have the greatest possible support and the most comprehensive solution possible and that is what we are discussing tonight. >> the mood was that many problems remain to be settled

and intense negotiations are head. >> we will have to work very hard but there is a lot of good will. >> some have called this the summit of last chance. can that the leaders finally get a plan to persuade the markets that they have taken control of a debt crisis that began in greece? the main players in all of this, germany. before today's summit, the german parliament met. the prime minister -- the chancellor said that the world was watching. she said, it is watching whether we are ready and able in the hour of the most serious crisis is the end of world war ii, to take responsibility. >> our economic and monetary union must pass the test and emerge stronger. we all know that this is the greatest test that the economic union has faced. >> to parliament voted to boost the bailout fund the, a factor

in the talks in brussels. here is a challenge for the summit, to cut greek debt by encouraging banks to take big losses by around 50%, to strength in europe's thanks perhaps by hundred billion euros, and to increase the power of the main bailout fund. .- to strengthen europe's banks france and germany had insisted that silvio berlusconi brought with -- bring with him a letter setting out the reforms he would make. back in rome, there was a scuffle over plans to raise the retirement age. the eurozone crisis is exacerbate and italy's local crisis. the political leaders will meet well into the evening. -- the eurozone crisis is exacerbating italy's political crisis. hard numbers indicate that this

time a deal is more than sticking fast. >> for the latest from brussels we can go to chris morris who is there now. it looks like you are digging in for a long night. any sign of progress? >> not so far. the main course is that the meeting of the 17 eurozone countries because they are the ones that will have to decide how to spend their own money. there is even a suggestion that a separate negotiation which is taking place across the street from the summit venue, that is where representatives of banks to hold greek that are trying to decide how much of that debt they are willing to write down. they may be joined by senior leaders, angela merkel, nicholas sarkozy, to try to persuade them, but now's the time to make a bold decision on greek doubt.

there is also the way you increase the firepower of the rescue fund. the signs are that it will take some time. will they agree to everything? probably not down to the last detail. my suspicious is that they will have to come up with something. in the past few days, people have been so insistent that they will produce something specific after this meeting that i think that their credibility is on the line. >> is this the last chance for europe? >> i think something has to be done and i will tell you what is different from a decent -- recent crises. a previous summit you had greece as a problem but if italy continues to drift into dangerous waters, it is potentially too big for the eurozone to rescue. >> as we said repeatedly, the events in europe are sending

financial shock waves across the globe. for more on that fallout, i am joined by the assistant editor of "time." if they don't reach an agreement, what is likely to be the reaction on the global markets? >> i think we will see more volatility. i think what might happen is that you will have some kind of an agreement on recapitalizing the banking sector. there is a widespread of numbers. what the european authorities think they need and what independent experts say, there is a very widespread there. it is very unclear how they will solve the problems of bailing out the domino effect in europe. what the markets want to see is an to the merkel stand up and say that we will do whatever it takes to save italy, spain, portugal, and of the rest of the union. until that happens, you will

continue to see this agreement. >> they have to appeal to voters, the global markets, and save the markets in the process. are the leaders up to the job? >> there is an old adage about europe that they tend to do the right thing or late. i think that is what is happening. it might be too late to stem the market tide parent of the banking situation and the sovereign debt situation are interlinked. -- it might be too late to stem the market tide. the banking situation and sovereign debt are interlinked. this could be a huge boon to the global economy. if not, they might sink into a global recession. >> we have heard the u.s. say that europe must get its act together and putting extreme pressure on them reaching a solution. is there anything the u.s. can do in practical terms at this point? >> know. from the point of european

leaders, it is pretty rich to hear tim geithner telling them what to do. i think what is different in europe is that the banking sector is much bigger. this is four times the size of the u.s. banking sector. the sovran crisis is much bigger. the stakes are higher and many governments have to come together. -- the sovereign crisis is much higher. >> thank you for joining us. rescue workers in turkey are continuing to search for survivors from the earthquake. two people have been pulled out from the rubble. one of them is a university student and was found alive 60 hours after the earthquake. rescue workers broke into the floor as he emerged from the debris. our correspondent sent this report. >> slowly they are digging down into the heart of the masses of concrete that were once people's

homes. they're pulling away the masonry piece by piece. four days on, they have heard no signs of life. news of survivors elsewhere has galvanized the teams of rescue workers. this is an agonizing wait for people with family members still buried here. every now and then, a moment of hope. >> we have just been told to be quiet. they have not found a sound but now they think there might be someone alive. they're asking us to keep very very quiet. >> using the silence they shout out and they listen for the slightest sound. no luck this time. the digging resistance. the inhabitants are having to fend as best they can. hear, two families have ditched their tent and a fruit orchard.

they are running very low on food. -- here, two families have pitched their tents in a fruit orchard. he said that they had to wrap the children in blankets and light fires to keep them warm. he's trying to make his temporary home as sturdy as possible. no one can go back to live in homes which have been badly shaken. it will be a long hard winter for these families. many need help that they are not getting now. >> in other news now, there are reports that colonel gaddafi's sons is considering surrender in to the international criminal court. he has been on the run since his father's hometown was captured. a spokesperson for the court says they were unable to confirm the report and it would be contacting libya's national

transitional council. nine people have died in flash flooding in central and northern italy. floods and mudslides left roads under water and caused widespread destruction. authorities warned the public not to go out and the army has to put on standby. police have found two paintings by pablo picasso that were stolen from a swiss gallery in 2008. the paintings were found in belgrade. serbia announced that police are trying to figure out how they ended up in serbia. so far, they have been no arrests. -- there have been no arrests. as the u.s. prepares to withdraw troops from afghanistan, there are growing tensions with pakistan over their relationships with insurgents. they said they could do more to prevent militant groups for operating within the borders. u.s. secretary of state, hillary clinton, told the bbc that she

has had frank and open conversations with the pakistani government about terrorism in the region. >> they are aware, as we have publicly stated, of some of the activities. it is more difficult to say that the people at the top are aware as it is to say that there are current and retired members of the intelligence service who either had sympathies or view the use of these organizations as a hedging against their own instability or attacks from somewhere else. >> hillary clinton talking to the bbc today. in an investigation, the bbc has heard allegations that pakistan has been actively supporting the insurgents while behaving as washington's ally in public. >> the long war in afghanistan was intensifying in 2006, causing casualties among afghans and troops mainly from the u.s. and u.k.

now there is evidence of pakistan support for the taliban. one captured said he was trained by pakistani intelligence, the isi. >> they would arrive at 8:00 a.m. and leave at 4:00 p.m. and they were wearing military uniforms. they had the uniforms of the isi. they would give us specialized weapons training. >> the u.s. was certain by 2008 that pakistan had controlled the gunman who went on the rampage in mumbai. evidence piled up of a secret double game and afghanistan as well. >> our own intelligence was unequivocal in afghanistan. we saw an insurgency that was not only getting passive support from the pakistani army and a pakistani intelligence service but getting active support. >> it was only when the u.s.

stock given pakistan tipoffs of impending drawn attacks that the attacks became successful. >> at the beginning of the drone operations, we gave pakistan advanced tipoff of where we were going and every single time, the target was and there anymore. you did not have to be sherlock holmes to put the cost to get there. -- the target was not there anymore. >> pakistan has denied the allegations. they deny they have backed the taliban. >> the evidence, this all speaks contrary to the perception that the isi is in support of these groups, is providing essential areas, is providing material support. >> the recent assault on the u.s. embassy was blamed on afghanistan -- on pakistan as the u.s. has taken a harder line. this raises further on a couple questions from the u.s. and u.k.

government who both have large budgets for pakistan and counted as an ally. >> you are watching "bbc world news america," still to come on the program -- getting ready to hit the 7 billion mark. as the world's population reaches this milestone, we will assess the challenges ahead. after declaring a 5 day national holiday, thailand's premise for has warned that parts of bangkok could be flooded for months. -- prime minister has warned that parts of bangkok could be flooded for months. residents have been told to evacuate. >> in the old order of bangkok, a new recording from the back of a truck, the water is coming. the message received, time to batten down the hatches and move the line up and out of the

way. we waded through the markets heading in the director of the river and a few traders are trying to keep going. the water is rising rapidly. >> we have done all we can. we cannot take these, because our house is flooded. >> others see no point in hanging on any longer. this is the river which runs through bangkok. at the moment, we have the combination of high tides and that runoff water bearing down on the capital from the north penn to the people living on the banks of the river here are particularly vulnerable. -- we have the combination of high tides and that runoff water bearing down on the capital from the north. people living on the banks of

the river here are vulnerable. these evacuees are on the move again. a late night statement from the prime minister confirmed what many suspected. the center of bangkok can no longer be guaranteed protection. the waters steady progress now seems unstoppable. >> by the end of this century, more than 15 billion people could be living on the planet. that is the word from the detonations which issued a report in advance of the 7 billion milestone which will be reached on monday. we have been taking a look at what that number means. there are challenges which lie ahead. tonight, we're joined by the director of the earth institute at columbia university.

it seems we have barely come to terms with 7 billion before we are worried about double the number in the years to come. do we have the ability or even the will to tackle the challenges such as food and water shortages? >> we don't know. this is a massive challenge. we are doing a mediocre job dealing with it. the pressures on the physical earth right now are absolutely unsustainable if we continue on our current trajectory. not only do we have 7 billion people are arriving by the end of october but it is expected that within 14 years, we will add another billion, 20 years after that, perhaps another

billion. we are on a path to reach 9 billion by midcentury, 10 billion by the end of the 21st century, and possibly much much more because even the median forecast of 10.3 billion by the end of this century is fairly optimistic. utility rates will decline in all parts of the world. >> the need to conserve resources is completely at odds with our society. our economy is driven by the notion that more and more people need to consume more and more stuff. how do we change that? >> it will not be easy to change because almost every country in the world is driven right now for accumulation of income, gross national product.

poor people in rich countries want but the richer people have. we are on a relentless course right now of massive economic growth. we have a world economy of 70 trillion dollars which is growing. even with the crisis, this is growing at about 4% because of the huge growth in china, india, brazil. with 4% growth, it means that the doubling time for the world economy is about 17 and a half or 18 years. one could imagine that we are 140 trillion dollar world economy. when you think about the greenhouse gases changing climate and the destruction of forests to make way for more food production. when you think about the loss

of ground water glitches, faster than it is replenished, we are on a shocking collision course with the planet. >> at the risk of sounding like one of your cynics, there seems like there is an absence of a political will to do that. where do you start? >> i think the idea has been that we have to first recognize that we have a physical limit on the planet and where this is showing up most dramatically is with climate change. we are putting more 10 30 billion tons of co2 into the air. the climate is already dramatically changing. there are drought, massive floods, heat waves that are causing instability in global food supplies. the amazing thing, frankly

speaking, is that my own country, the u.s. is in a massive political the nile. -- a massive political denial and this is because the oil industry runs too much of our politics. >> thank you. that is the whole of the topic for a whole other day. thank you for joining us. >> my pleasure. >> while the population is swelling, it is the opposite trend calling thus causing concern on -- while the population is swelling, this is the opposite trend on tangier island. they have been fishing here for generations. now that way of life is under threat due to changes.

♪ ♪ >> i am the mayor of tangier island. at one time, it was really busy and out here. all of the houses were in operation and now it is only about 50%. the population right now is right around 500 and i remember when it was close to a thousand. there was a time when there was even 1500 or more. we are losing a lot of ground to erosion. the shoreline is receding. this is quite a problem. this protect the harbor. this is eroding away. the waves are able to roll into the harbor and damage boats and two crashed at it.

you come and go when you want. you don't have to answer to anyone. you pretty much call the shots. this is a great way of life. >> i am the principal of the school. a lot of our boys choose to work. boyd said -- a lot of our boys choose to work on tugboats. some will probably be gone forever because there is not much job opportunity here. >> my dad is a waterman and he would like me to help him all i

can but he figures that there will probably be no future once i graduate. i will miss it. i think this is home. this is where i grew up. i love it here. >> this can be very discouraging. people get discouraged. we are in a heap of trouble with the erosion problem and really our way of life and existence. >> after all the hustle and bustle of the problems and europe, what a wonderfully relaxing way to end the program. that brings the program to a close. from all of us, thank you for watching and please tune in tomorrow.

>> funding was made possible by the freeman foundation of new york, stowe, vermont, and honolulu. newman's own foundation. union bank. and shell. >> this is kim - about to feel one of his favorite sensations. at shell, we're developing more efficient fuels in countries like malaysia that can help us get the most from our energy resources. let's use energy more efficiently. let's go.

>> union bank has put its global expertise to work for a wide range of companies. what can we do for you? >> "bbc world news america" was presented by kcet los angeles.