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>> this is "bbc world news america." greece in the dog house, the g20 in disarray. the world economy in threat from a crisis that keeps growing. can talks fix anything? what europe needs is a savior. china has the cash, but chinese businesses are not sure that they want to. >> the station goes on the air. >> a milestone in media history. 75 years after the bbc launched regular television broadcasts, we take you back to the studios where it all began.

welcome to our viewers on pbs in america and around the globe. the location is lovely, the atmosphere is terrible. the g20 leaders' meeting in tan's must grapple with a crisis. the referendum has shaken markets and infuriated in europe's leaders. angela merkel warned that the rescue package is not up for renegotiation. the greek prime minister is being summoned for urgent talks. >> for the leaders of france and germany, the shock of the greek referendum feels like the trail. angela merkel and sarkozy made huge efforts to deliver last week's deal. they urge them to stick with it.

his plan backed the european union back into crisis. papandreou agreed to the rescue. he insists that the greek people must accept or reject it in a referendum. there is no disguising chancellor merkel's anchor today. >> we agreed on a plan for greece last week. as far as the european union is concerned, we will not put this plan into practice. the media should help. >> five days ago, europe was celebrating a package of measures designed to save the euro. there should be a 50% right off in the country's debt. the move to a referendum has thrown everything in doubt. you can hear the frustration

from france'as prime minister in parliament today. >> europe cannot spend on weeks waiting for the response for the referendum. the greeks must move quickly and unambiguously whether they are choosing to keep their place in the eurozone. >> as the world's most powerful leaders arrived, the presidents of the united states and china will be here. it is clear that patients with greece is rapidly running note -- running out. not just with eurozone governments. the deepening euro crisis is intensifying, raging on insecurity and instability. protesters are hoping to tap their voices heard, too. their complaint is that democracy in greece is being sacrificed. they mocked presidents are cozy.

they must help ordinary people as well as promote global growth. >> the latest from the g20, we go live to tanya. nicholas r. cozies summoning talks with the greek prime minister. i cannot believe that they were comfortable talks. >> i could imagine that they would not be very comfortable talks. there has not been a great deal of time for tempers to abate. what we are hearing from the sidelines is nothing short of furious and despairing. this was a long and very hard fought for package put together for greece. there has been some soul- searching as to whether greece should stay in the eurozone.

painful austerity has been imposed on the great people. -- greek peope. >> if grace decides to go ahead with the referendum after being summoned in disgrace, what are the options for the economic leaders? >> what they call me is that they could sway the prime minister to have questions for the referendum. he says that he is going to hold the referendum. he is pretty much bound to do that. he is not bound to ask a direct question, do you want austerity measures? also, the enormous amount of pressure to do it quickly. every day that goes past, those nations have been a little bit

shaky within the eurozone have been paying a little bit more with their debt. that is the frustration. somebody said to me that they felt a very high profile at this meeting. we paid for this debt. we could have paid it off several times over with the amount of money thrown at the problem and the amount of money wasted. >> tomorrow, president obama will join those g20 leaders in france. with the world economy so closely tied together, the u.s. also has a lot riding on that this. i started by asking if he thought the effects of the crisis on the u.s. were real and urgent. >> i think so. especially on the financial side. that said, we did go through a

terrible financial crisis, addressed it in a pretty reasonable way that ended up having little cost. that did not prevent what our worst recession of anybody's lifetime and deep on popularity of saving the financial system, which is no stranger to the u.k. or ireland or anywhere else that had to save the financial system. because we did that, there is a little bit of a sandbag between the flood going straight into the u.s. that there is not as much uncertainty about what is in our banks. we had a stress test and everybody feels like they know what is in the banks. >> it was your job to advise obama on economics. if you were still in the white house today, for what would you advise the president to do on

your route? >> i would be advising what the secretary did. go over and try to persuade some of the leaders in europe that they are going to need to recapitalize the banks. they are going to need to be up- front and honest about the circumstances that the banks are in and commit to recapitalizing. the resistance to that is largely founded on the fact that every government that has done what i just described has been thrown out of office. >> is there not a frustration for the white house. this is a major crisis that had that potentially serious political implications for president obama. these are sovereign nations. this is a different continent. there is not a whole lot the white house can do about this one. >> that does not make it different than any of the other

major problems we had to face down over the last few years. you tried to get people to face up to the problems and confront them head on. i do think there is a little bit of distance between the problems and the immediate impact on the u.s. is a pretty serious situation what they have in europe. they are going to have to address the banking problem immediately. over the longer run, they will have to address what the growth strategy is for southern europe. if europe is not going to grow, without growth, you cannot balance the budget. you can cut as much as you want, but tax revenues will still be low. the mandatory spending is going to be high. they are lecturing them and saying that you had months to sort out your problem in spain, in italy, in ireland.

why did do not cut the deficit? >> thanks very much for joining us. >> thanks. a great to see you again. not so far from america to athens after all. the u.s. is not the only country anxiously watching the g20 meeting. european leaders have asked china to help the bailout. ken beijing help bail out the u.s. economy? china is flush with cash. according to reports, it may not be so keen to play the role of an economic savior. >> the peaceful canals of venice, not quite. this is try not, with enough cash to recreate on the laws in a shopping mall. europe is hoping that china will sail to its rescue. the problem is that china has

already said that china will not be europe'a savior. the country is starting to get rich, but it has its own problems. you can see the great shopping mall of china is empty. built six years ago to be the biggest malls in the world, the few shops that have moved in, mostly closed. if china thinks that -- europe thinks that chinese consumers are the answer, they have to think again. >> the chinese consumption is big and increasing. everybody forecasts id to be growing at a very high rate. it is still a very small part of the global consumption. >> china was a bright spot with a global crisis hit three years ago. then they pump money into it. china may not be able to be repeat that track. it is trying to rein in

inflation and the building boom is slowing. >> international prices have gone down. prices in china have dropped. >> a slowing china is vulnerable. china's biggest export, the turnover is roughly equivalent to the and, of a small nation like lithuanians. a lot are not even coming here. the people that are here, are they buying much? >> i do not think so. >> many malls in china are doing well. at the great mall of china, some

stores have to stay at rent-free to make them stay. >> some days, not a single person walks into the shop. >> like its thrifty shoppers, china may decide it is better to hold onto its cash in on certain times rather than bailout europe right now. >> in other news, syria has agreed to a plan drawn up by the arab league to bring to an end political violence over the last several months. syria agreed to withdraw its tanks from the street and start a dialogue with the opposition within two weeks. foreign journalists and would also be allowed. the chief prosecutor of the criminal court says he is investigating mass rape committed by libyan forces. he said that his team are

looking into allegations of crimes committed by all sides in the libyan conflict. a group of mercenaries maybe tried to help colonel gaddafi's son escape libya. julian assange says that they will appeal against the latest court decision to send him from britain to sweden to answer to allegations of sexual assault. they did not agree that it would be unfair or unlawful to extradite him. 3 pakistani cricketers accused in a betting case. reporting restrictions were only lifted today. in east africa it has been three months since a famine was declared in several parts of somalia. millions are still in need of

assistance. tens of thousands of somalis have crossed into neighboring ethiopia. they now face a new challenge with the arrival of rain. he was in ethiopia as the emergency erupted. >> base still cross the border from somalia. they brace for a bigger influx into india once again. r. brown 300 refugees pass through the reception center at the border. >> the rains did give us some hope. we were very hungry. instead of staying, we decided to flee. it is conservatively estimated that 800 people, mostly children, have died in the last four months. for these children, at least as

temporary school provides a new start. the rains would be a blessing, if beck could help the recovery, they would also be a curse at this stage of the emergency. now they are seeing a rise in cost. >> it is raining every day. the people in the camp believe in a precarious predictions. there is a concern that the children that managed to gain some weight in the past few weeks might deal with that. >> in this feeding tens, this 18-year-old fights for his life. here they battle to save children with severe malnutrition and other complications. >> they are finishing

preparations for another camp. refugees continue to cross the border from somalia. at least for now, a crisis without a foreseeable end. the drought goes over ethiopia itself. in somalia, people depend on their animals. unlike somalia, it has not escalated into art right famine. those who hope to confine the hunger to history have been given a test. >> the famine spreading their through east africa. still to come, lights, camera, broadcast. 75 years after the bbc brown new ground in television, the birthday is being celebrated in style. sticking with the drought-

stricken region in east africa, prince william and his wife were in denmark during their part for the crisis. they visited a supply center run by unicef. the media was quick to follow their every move. this is from our royal correspondent. it does contain flash photography from the beginning. >> two wives with similar backgrounds. together, britain and denmark's future kings and queens on one prosperous continent to remind people of suffering elsewhere. children are still suffering from east africa's worst drought in 60 years. they are malnourished and need help. william kincaid are aware of this in every aspect of their

lives. they are hoping to exploit that in every aspect of their lives. >> aid agencies are appealing for more money. prince william knows it will be a challenge. >> what is going on in east africa puts things into perspective about how terrible a crisis can get. >> kate wants to put the spotlight on this crisis. >> it is shocking. it has been going on for 100 days or so. hundreds of children are still malnourished at the moment. >> in an aid warehouse, the hard-headed british and danes learn about the problems for a day. the problems that they learn about will last for many days.

>> there was a verdict today in the case of international arms dealer viktor bout. the notorious russian was convicted of conspiring to kill u.s. forces by sending arms to a terrorist group. just to be clear, he has not been convicted of international arms deals. this is a very specific conviction. >> viktor bout showed very little emotion as the bird -- jury it read out the verdict. he was arrested in thailand in 2008. he was offering to sell arms to people from a colombian ministry group who said that they were going to use the weapons to shoot down americans fighting

the drug trade. in fact, he was talking to u.s. informants. he was found guilty of conspiring. he did not actually do anything. he was talking about agreeing to sell arms. he happens to have a cargo of planes around the world. the jury did not believe him. he faces life imprisonment. >> remind us why he has this curious title, the merchant of death. >> also known as the lord of war. there was a movie based on him in 2005. it goes back to his role as a former soviet military officer. he acquired a network of cargo

planes that he used to sell arms to conflicts around the world from afghanistan to angola. pretorius late in sierra leone. he is accused of being involved in the selling of arms. this is a very significant victory. >> today, we are celebrating a birthday that is special for us at the bbc. 75 years ago, the first full- fledged television service launched from the bbc studios. the old studios have been open to the public for this anniversary.

>> the vision and sound are on. the station goes on the air. >> they thought of about calling at phototelegraphy, or the electric telescope, they settled for television and the world was never the same. singing a specially written song to open the new service. to begin with, only 20,000 homes in the london area could receive the programs. >> the bbc was given just 18 months to get the television service on air. it came here because it was available and there was plenty of space. partly because it was so high up. the television transmitter tower

needed to be 600 feet above sea level. it was already 400 feet up. by putting the television transmitter and television studios in the same building was not such a good idea. >> there are very powerful radio transmissions. they used to get into the electronics of the cameras. it used to draw sparks between the knives and forks if the transmitters were on. >> the technology may have been protests, but the programs were ambitious. it included the first ever outside broadcast for the coronation. the outbreak of war halted transmissions. they resumed in 1946. he joined the fledgling television service in 1947 as a secretary. she went on to be a long serving

producer herself. >> no television before here. nobody knew it was ever going to be better. >> she has fond memories. >> everybody said that was a good thing. lighting, directors, and staff generally. it is the world's favorite form of entertainment. it started small on a hilltop in london. >> they do not make television like that anymore, do they? that brings to the's program to a close. you can reach me and most of the team on twitter. thanks so much for watching. i will see you back here tomorrow.

>> funding was made possible by the freeman foundation of new york, stowe, vermont, and honolulu. newman's own foundation. union bank. and shell. >> this is kim - about to feel one of his favorite sensations. at shell, we're developing more efficient fuels in countries like malaysia that can help us get the most from our energy resources. let's use energy more efficiently. let's go.

>> union bank has put its financial strength to work for a wide range of companies, from small businesses to major corporations. what can we do for you? >> "bbc world news" was presented by kcet los angeles.