macneil/lehrer productions >> woodruff: hundreds of thousands of opposition protesters packed cairo's tahrir square for the third day in a row, again calling for egyptian president morsi's ouster, and more high-level officials left his cabinet. good evening. i'm judy woodruff. >> ifill: and i'm gwen ifill. on the newshour tonight, we get the latest on the turmoil, as the clock ticks down on the military's deadline for resolving the standoff. >> woodruff: then, with the deadly fire in arizona continuing to burn out of control, we examine whether hotter temperatures and drier conditions are fueling the flames nationwide. >> ifill: ray suarez has the story of newly released documents revealing how the milwaukee archdiocese dealt with dozens of catholic priests

accused of sexually abusing children. >> woodruff: as president obama ends his africa trip, we look at the administration's outreach to the continent to bolster trade and investment and build on former president bush's efforts to combat aids. >> ifill: and jeffrey brown talks with the lead guitarist of the band phish, trey anastasio, about the art of the jam, and life as a music man. >> a lot of the people that come see us have been coming for 20, 30 years. as strange as it sounds, i have relationships with people who stand like ten rows back and dance. >> woodruff: that's all ahead on tonight's newshour. >> major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by:

moving our economy for 160 years. bnsf, the engine that connects us. >> the william and flora hewlett foundation, working to solve social and environmental problems at home and around the world. >> and with the ongoing support of these institutions and foundations. and... >> this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting. and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. >> ifill: egypt's political crisis deepened today as the military pressed president mohammed morsi to make concessions to the opposition.

massive crowds took to the streets again today keeping up the pressure on the embattled morsi. the military deadline energized many of them. >> the army and the people are united. the army is supporting the people not any regime or any government. >> egypt's state news service reportedded that military general said the elected parliament should be dissolved, the constitution suspended and an interim administration created if the egyptian president is unable to create a road map to wreck son sill iation with opponents by tomorrow. he was pictured meeting with morsi. egypt's prime minister was seed between them. but his political isolation has increased. in a statement released overnight morsi's office said he was not insulted by the military about its ultimatum. we will not allow egypt with all forces to return backwards under

any circumstances, the sphaiment read. we all chose democratic means as the only safe way to manage our differences of opinion. president obama also phoned morsi last night. a white house statement released afterward read in part the president told president morsi that the united states is committed to the democratic process in egypt and does not support any single party or group. he stressed that democracy is about more than elections. egyptian army attack helicopters circled tahrir square today. many protestors who saw it as a sign of solidarity welcomed the military's move. >> no, the army did not carry out a coups. this is the people's will. the muslim brotherhood has failed. they failed to government. >> the military statement yesterday was a great statement and made all the egyptian people honor and salute our supreme council of the armed forces. >> outside the aviation ministry armored vehicles showed military

force. soldiers stood by as observers. but morsi supporter vowed to resist any efforts to drive the egyptian president from office. >> the general yesterday did a great service to the revolution because he readied the islamic forces once more. they say it is in they say it isn't a military coups. in fact it is a liberal secular coups against the egyptian revolution. >> ifill: the opposition agreed to designate mohammed al bar day as its delegate to any political negotiations. meanwhile, senior member of the muslim brotherhood denounced the military's edict as a mistake. >> it failed to mention the word "constitution" or "law." i think there were many external and internal powers behind the plan for these days. millions were spent to back a counterrevolution against the egyptian revolution. that toppled hosni mubarak and his regime.

>> ifill: with tensions at a breaking point this afternoon, there were reports of armed clashes and casualties between morsi-backers and opponents in cairo. a short time ago, president morsi announced via twitter that he will be holding "onto constitutional legitimacy" and called on the egyptian military to withdraw its ultimatum. for more i'm joined by nancy youssef of mcclatchy newspapers in cairo. nancy, this is unfolding even as we speak. we also heard via twitter this afternoon that president morsi said he is not going to give into this ultimatum by the military. what is the health of his regime tonight? >> well, as you mentioned earlier at least five of his ministers resigned. two government spokesmen, a cabinet spokesman, and the streets are as packed as they were yesterday and the day before. and it shows no signs of subsiding. tomorrow at 4:00 p.m. the army deadline will be here.

and we expect that the burden will fall on the military to resolve this impasse which, from morsi's speech so far, he's not giving up any ground to the opposition. he's blaming remnants. he's blaming corruption. he's calling himself the legitimate leader. while he asks for more time he hasn't laid out any specifics about how he's going to address the needs and the demands of literally hundreds of thousands of people currently on the streets. >> ifill: nancy, we can hear those hundreds of thousands of people behind you even as you're speaking to us tonight. i wonder what they are telling you when you go to the square and you observe this close up. what are people saying? >> well, it's interesting because there are certain things that they agree on. which is that morsi should no longer be the president, even though he was democratically electedded just 367 days ago. and his muslim brotherhood, the party through which he ascended to the presidency should no longer have the grip on egyptian

political, economic and even in a sense identity that it does right now. and after that, there's no clear answer from the opposition. there are people who are saying there should be an early presidential election. there are people who are saying the army should take over for a period of six months, one year. i talked to a man today who said they were be in charge for three years. there are people who are saying there should be a referendum on the constitution, that a new constitutional committee put together. and it's that variety of responses from the opposition that makes finding a resolution to this very difficult, even in the best-case scenario. there's some compromise which is reached by tomorrow, it doesn't look like the sort of core issues will be resolved. there will always be people who are opposed to morsi and who are looking for a different kind of representation from the opposition than they get. >> ifill: surely there is the presence of some pro morsi forces in tory or elsewhere today. >> right, what's interesting is the pro and anti-morsi rallies

try to stay away from each other because when they do meet, it ends violently. i was caught in a gun fire today in giza, a district very close to here, in which the pro morsi rally had started and residents allegedly shot at the pro morsi rally. ity rupted into street fights and gun fights. it turned violent very quickly. so there was a concerted effort by both sides to sort of stay apart. that said, when you go to the biggest anti-or excuse me pro morsi rally which is in the western part of the city, they're marching, they're forming sort of platoon-sized military units with i guess you could call them combat exercises. some are wearing life vests to serve as bullet-proof vests for the rubber bullets while wearing construction hats and marching in formation wearing flip flops and carrying sticks and they're trying to show that they're prepared to defend their president. some see it as an islamic mission.

th were prepared to martyr themselves in defense of this president. that the defense of this president, the defense of their faith were tied together. >> ifill: we know that president obama called president m last night and that secretary of state john kerry has been in touch with leaders as well. if the u.s.... is the u.s. perceived to be between a rock and a hard place on this? they supported morsi's democratic election. now they apparently are suggesting that he should listen to the people in the streets. >> well, it depends on who you ask. ann patterson, u.s. ambassador here, said last week that she did not think that protest was the way to bring about a solution. that it was to be brought about politically. a lot of opponents were angry about this. we started to see people burning pictures of her in the square. but i have to tell you in the last couple days, you don't hear as much about the united states. some people will say that the united states is going to make sure that morsi stays in power.f

conspiracy theories amongst the opponents. but the american role here is really quite ancillary. this is really an egyptian-led movement and about finding egyptian solutions. there's not an effort by either side to turn to the united states as a brokers political stalemate. >> ifill: is there any concern among egyptians that whatever happens to morsi that they might be taking a turn away from their hard-won democracy? >> there are because since hosni mubarak had served here for three decades resigned, egypt has been led by a military council for 18 months and now morsi for a year. this persistent change of power isn't seen as bringing about the core things that people say they want: better security, better economics, a situation for themselves personally and nationally. that this repeated turnover cannot bring about those very core things. so when you talk to people, particularly those who support morsi they argue that.

statement morsi is such a divisive figure, he has treated the presidency from the opposition's perspective as... that he only has one moment of accountability. that was on election day. and those who oppose him can speak up again four years from now and not before that. it's that friction between what constitutes public accountability, what should be public... what should a president be publicly accountable for? it's that division. i don't think egyptians want to see thisy peteed turnover, but statement what we're hearing on the streets is they want to be heard and not to be excluded in the political process. >> ifill: nancy use receive in cairo for us tonight. thank you so much, nancy. >> thank you. >> woodruff: still to come on the newshour, connections between record heat and deadly wildfires; details about sexual abuse in the milwaukee archdiocese; president obama's africa initiatives; and rock and roll star trey anastasio.

but first, the other news of the day. here's hari sreenivasan. the obamaed administration announced it is is delaying the employer portion of the mandate law for pun year. the law requires businesses with more than 50 employees to either provide health insurance or pay a penalty. the administration said it was responding to employers' concerns about the complexity of the law. the national security agency leaker, edward snowden, ran into a number of hurdles today as he tried to find a place to go. for more than a week now snowden has been stuck inside a transit area at this moscow airport. he no longer has a u.s. passport and american officials want him extradited for releasing classified documents. according to the website wicky leaks snowden has applied for asylum in 20 countries. and in a statement the 30-year-old criticized u.s. efforts to keep him in limbo. it read in part, quote, the obama administration has now

adoptedded the strategy of using citizenship as a weapon. although i am convicted of nothing, it has unilaterally revoked my passport leaving me a stateless person. one of the nations snowden reached out to venezuela. the president there discussed snowden's case today during a trip to moscow to meet with russian president slam mere putin. he gave no sign that he would accept snow dep as asylum application but he applauded his actions. >> the revelations of this young man have great value. he must be protected by international human rights. what crime has he committed? did he kill anyone? did he plant a bomb and kill anyone? >> no. much better. he has preventd wars. >> reporter: he also avoided questions so whether he would fly snowden back with him to venezuela. snowden had asked for asylum in russia but today he dropped that request because russia would only consider letting him stay if he stopped the leaks. in brew my snowden was also a topic of conversation between

secretary of state john kerry and russian foreign minister sergei laborov. >> we will (mumbling). as snowden awaits his fate in moscow several nations were quick to deny his big for atime up including india and poll land. there was more fallout from the n.s.a. leaks today there was more fallout from the n.s.a. leaks today with an apology from the national director of intelligence to congress. in march, james clapper was asked if the n.s.a. gathered data on millions of americans, and answered that it didn't happen wittingly. he acknowledged in a letter today that was "clearly erroneous." about 2,500 syrians are believed to be trapped inside the embattled town of homs as fighting there raged for another day. that's according to u.n. secretary general ban ki-moon, who urged both sides to avoid any further civilian casualties. elsewhere, new shelling was reported in a rebel-controlled district on the outskirts of the capital, damascus.

thick plumes of smoke could be seen rising above the area. at least 11 people were killed. bombings and clashes killed more than 50 people across iraq today. seven militants also died. most of the attacks targeted shiite areas. there was no immediate claim of responsibility. iraq has seen a spike in violence in recent months. at least 2,000 people have died since the start of april. taliban suicide bombers attacked the gates of a nato supply compound in the afghan capital today, killing seven people. the force of the explosion carved a massive crater into the ground and damaged a nearby guard tower. it was the latest in a series of incidents targeting key sites around kabul, in spite of the taliban's move to take part in peace talks. more and more airline passengers are going to the airport with guns, many of them loaded. that was the finding of an associated press analysis of transportation security administration data from 2011 to the present day. in the first six months of this year, t.s.a. screeners found nearly 900 guns on passengers or in carry-on bags.

that's a 30% increase over the same time last year. cars and trucks raced off the sales lots in june at a pace not seen since before the recession. ford led the pack with a 14% boost in sales compared to a year ago. chrysler gained 8%, and general motors was up 6.5%. japanese automakers also did well, with nissan up 13% and toyota up 10%. the soaring sales were attributed to low interest rates, wider credit availability and new models. home prices in the u.s. jumped the most in 7 years. in may, they were up more than 12% over a year ago according to a real estate data provider. initially, the good economic news had a positive impact on wall street, but then stocks headed south as turmoil in egypt grew. the dow jones industrial average lost 42 points to close at 14,932. the nasdaq fell a point to close at 3,433.

those are some of the day's major stories. now, back to judy. >> woodruff: investigators on the ground in arizona are still trying to determine why so many firefighters died in sunday's tragedy, even as other crews are struggling to slow the blaze. the morning brought calmer winds in yarnell, arizona today. but the deadly fire that started friday remained largely uncontained. fire spokeswoman karen takia warned afternoon thunderstorms and winds today could bring more threats to the parched landscape. >> not a lot of large timber, but the vegetation out there, that me keet is extremely oily. wants that starts, an ember gets into those extremely dry fuels, that fire is going to rip. it's very difficult to control that, at that degree, especially with the winds that we're having out here. >> the dangerous conditions

which claimed the lives of 19 prescott arizona firefighters sunday. they died when the raging fire, fueled by sudden and changing wind gusts, overcame the crew. last night fellow firefighters paused to remember their fallen comrades. >> andrew ascraft, 29. (bell tolling) anthony rose, 23) bell tolling). >> woodruff: and more than a thousand people grieved the loss in a prescott gymnasium. (bag pipes playing "amazing grace)" the city's mayor paid tribute to the crew. >> the city of prescott, you and i, we lost 18, 19 wonderful individuals, family men, and it was like that.

>> woodruff: elsewhere family members of those killed spoke of their loved ones. kevin was recalled by his sister as a third-generation firefighter who wanted to follow in his father's footsteps. >> my parents lost a son. my brother lost his best friend and i lost my guardian angell. it's never going to be forgotten. >> woodruff: and andrew ashcraft who leaves four children, was mournd by his wife. >> we celebrate who he is and will always be. he's an angell for us now. >> woodruff: an investigative team is being deployed to the area where the firefighters died. this fire is part of a larger trend. >> we are in a long-term drought. that keeps on being repeated. but that's what we're seeing with these mega fires that's throughout the southwest. not only here but other areas. >> woodruff: in addition to the yarnell hill blaze 15 other major wild fires continue to burn in the western united

states. in light of the fires out west, many questions are being asked about weather conditions, land use, forestry practices and what role they play. michael kodas is an author and journalist who has been covering the wildfire in prescott. his book, "megafire," is due out next year. i spoke with him a short time ago. michael kodas, welcome to the newshour. first of all, how is is the climate in which these wild fires are occurring changing? >> well, we've seen a pretty distinct increase in temperatures throughout most of the west and particularly here in arizona. a recent report identified arizona as having more warming than any other of the 50 states in the united states. and we've also seen a pretty prevalent and deep drought throughout most of the west that has lastd in some areas for many years. those really affect the fuels that drive these fires.

>> so you're saying that the combination of the two is having an effect. you also talked to us about conditions in the community. the fact that more people are building homes into areas that were previously all forests. >> yeah. development is a big part of what's driving our fire problem. we have, you know, thousands of people moving in to forested and flammable landscapes. that adds fuel to the forest. the houses, the propane tanks and things like that. but it also brings a lot of sparks into the land disai disaipscape. there's all kinds of starts of fire that occur when people move into the forest. you know, from everything from sparks from vehicles on roads to arcing power lines to serve those communities. >> woodruff: and one of the other elements you talked to us about, michael kodas, was the role that... the policy that the

united states has in the way it treats forests. >> yeah. well, we've been putting out fires in the united states for more than a century. we've been putting out forest fires. the problem is that in many landscapes, that has made future fires worse. every time you put out a fire, you usually end up leaving that fuel in the forest. so if you have a landscape that normally had fires come through it, every, say, 30 years, and you put out fires in that landscape for a century, then you have three times more fuel in that forest. that fuel is affected by the climate and dries out. and the fires that result are much hotter and much faster both because the fuels can be much dryer and at a much warmer place and because there's much more fuel to burn. >> woodruff: so how much longer... people talk about the fire season. how does the length of the season today compare to what it

was? >> that's been one of the more dramatic changes particularly in colorado where i live. because we have seen, you know, a warmer and dryer climate, the mountains get less snow during the winter. and that snow melts off much earlier in the season. normally the snow pack on high mountains is kind of a reservoir that trickle irrigates for us, you know, into the summer. but now the snow pack melts off much earlier. these forests dry out much earlier. we see fires much earlier in the season. in colorado we had a deadly wild fire in march of last year. we had firefighters that got burned over in the winter of last year. at the other end of the season, we also see fires starting much later in the season, in autumn. we even had a fire in rocky mountain national park that burned right through the winter. >> woodruff: when you put some of these things together, the changing climate, the weather conditions you described, the areas, the policyre building

toward fires themselves, what does it all add up to in terms of what this country faces? >> well, we have both, you know, far more flammable forests in many of our forested landscapes and particularly here in the southwest we see a distinct increase in wild fire deaths and scientifically documented for more than a decade now. we also have a lot more people at risk. that really complicates firefighting policy. the federal government has been trying to put fire back into these landscapes for many years, but it's very difficult when you have communities and these forests now. the burn policies are very difficult to implement both because they can be dangerous to communities and they affect air quality. and thinning projects are incredibly expensive.

people have to cut out excess fuel out of these forests so we end up with kind of a vicious circle of many more people at risk in the forest and the risks in those forests increasing. >> woodruff: we see some of the people there behind you who have come to remember the firefighters who died on sunday. michael kodas, what effect do you think their deaths may have on firefighting policy if any? >> well, i think this will have an effect. it seems like every decade or two decades we have an event where a number of firefighters and often very good, the elite firefighters perish in a single event. the fire on storm king mountain in colorado back in 1994 was an event like that. i think it will cause federal officials to look over our safety policies and the way that we go about fighting fires and try to ensure that this kind of tragedy doesn't happen again. one worry is that with fire

regimes changing and with the nature of forest fires changing, you know, are our safety policies keeping up with the way that the hazard is developing? >> woodruff: based on what you see in the community, how are they dealing with this today? >> well, this is a very tight-knit community. it's important to point out that we have a lot of hot shot crews in the united states, but this was the only one that was really part of a city fire department. so it wasn't just, you know, the traditional hot shots where you really just knew them for their work fighting fires up in the mountains. but these guys were really tied closely to the communit, to ther firefighters who worked on protecting houses. it was one really very tight-knit community. some of these firefighters come from families with a history thf kind of service so i think it's been really devastating to the community. >> woodruff: michael kodas joining us from prescott, arizona. thank you.

>> ifill: now, new documents that show a history of sexual abuse problems in the archdiocese of milwaukee. ray suarez has the story. >> suarez: many of the cases go back decades, and most of the 6,000 pages of documents were5xf released publicly for the first time yesterday. the records show pedophile priests were moved from parish to parish, often protected from criminal complaints. the documents also contain files on more than 40 priests either dismissed or restricted, including the late father lawrence murphy, believed to have molested as many as two hundred deaf boys. the documents also shine a light on new york archbishop, cardinal timothy dolan, formerly the archbishop of milwaukee. documents show he asked for the vatican's approval in 2007 to move nearly $57 million off the diocesan books into a cemetery fund to protect church assets. dolan denies the claims as long "discredited."

laurie goodstein covers these issues for the "new york times," and joins me now.;.lt/+ the current milwaukee archbishop warned his people: prepare to be shocked. lori, in these latest documents were the details shocking and what do they do to fill in the story of clerical abuse in milwaukee? >> well, you can trace cases by reading these documents, a long evolution sometimes. the first reports of parents coming in to the chancery offices and reporting that something has happened to their child. and the growing awareness as an increasing number of reports come in and church officials begin to try to grapple with what to do with this priest. sometimes it's a very long evolution. in some cases more than two, three, even four decades in one case where the priest is often sent for treatment, and then he is reassigned. sometimes reassigned multiple times to many parishes.

and though parishes in most cases at least in earlier decades were not informed that their priest had a problem with pedestrian ophelia. in later decades you see an attempt by church authorities to deal with the liability, the financial liability and an attempt to say now it's time to get this abuser out of the priesthood. and in that step you see correspondent between the archbishops of milwaukee and the vatican where they're seeking permission. sometimes it takes as many as six years before these cases are approved by the vatican to remove a priest from the priesthood. >> suarez: and that's where the current cardinal archbishop of new york, timothy dolan, comes into the picture. when he was serving the church in milwaukee, he gave one version of events. do these documents give another? >> well, cardinal dolan has

always said that he was attentive to victims and he tried to move priests out of the priesthood. the documents do show that he indeed did that. he was working on those cases behind the scenes, but there's one particular point that cardinal dolan had always resisted. he always said he did not move assets of the archdiocese in order to she'll them from lawsuits and legal liability. but there is one particular letter that appears, as you mentioned, in 2007 where cardinal dolan is seeking permission from the vatican to create a cemetery trust to move the $57 million off the books of the archdiocese into a separate trust. in that letter, he says to the vatican in essence he says i think this is a good idea because it will protect the funds from legal liability. so that is the situation where cardinal dolan has said one thing and here you have a

document showing something else. >> suarez: you've been covering the lawsuit, the cover-ups, the attempts of the church not only in the qulidz but worldwide to handle this burgeoning scandal. are we closer to the end than the beginning? are document releases like these part of what may allow the church to eventually close down this era in its problems? >> sex abuse victims are asking to see these documents. many times they don't know until they see these documents that they were not the only person reporting a particular priest. they don't know how the church handled things. what we were saying behind the scenes about their cases. so seeing these documents is very much a vindication for a lot of these abuse victims. but what it does also is to bring... keep the issue going in many ways. and perpetuate it being in the public eye. i think that the church would

very much like to move beyond that. >> suarez: the milwaukee disclosures come during the same week as pope john paul ii cleared one of the final hurdles toward being declared a saint in a roman catholic church. a process that in relative terms he zoomed through. right now the church is dealing with some of the legacies of his pontificate in financial scandals, in the ongoing trials concerning clergy abuse. does this sully his legacy in a way that may give him problems before a can non-ization perhaps even as early as later this year? >> well, it sounds like the case for can non-ization is moving ahead because what's needed are verification of miracles and healings. vatican committee charged with that is finding those. there are victims who would, you know, prefer to see that pope john paul is not made a saint. but there have been saints made in the past who aren't perfect. and those who are carrying

forward the case of pope john paul say that may be the case here. he'll be honored and recognized for many of the good things he did. we just won't talk about the rest. >> suarez: lori goodstein of the "new york times," thanks for joining us. >> thank you for having me. >> ifill: next, president obama capped his weeklong tour of africa today, with a poignant remembrance in tanzania's capital, dar es salaam. two u.s. presidents, one current, one former, paid tribute to the victims of al qaeda's 1998 bombing of the u.s. embassies in tanzania and neighboring kenya. the former president who was on the continent to visit work done by his foundation was joined by his wife laura. she was hosting a summit on the role of africa's first ladies can play in their country. first lady michelle obama joined her there. >> we get to work on what we're

passionate about. and i think that that's something that i would encourage all first ladies to never lose sight of. >> l:o gat fanfare the obamas rived in tanzania on the third and final leg of their trip across the continent. they had arrived from south africa thwherer daughters joined them to tour robbin island. the now ailing nelson mandela spent 18 years there behind bars during his struggle against apartheid. the tans knee i can't visit provided a bridge between contributions made by previous u.s. leaders and the pledges mr. obama made on this visit. the president's emergency plan for aids rewas founded by mr. bush in 2003 with $15 billion committed to h.i.v./aids treatment. that effort was renewed and expanded in 2008 to the tune of $48 billion. yesterday president obama praised his predecessor's work.

>> this is one of his crowning achievements. because of the commitment of the bush administration and the american people, millions of people's lives have been saved. >> ifill: but he pushed back against critics who say his owned administration isn't doing enough. >> the fact of the matter is that we are serving four times the number of people today than we were when pepfar first began. but because we've gotten better at it and more efficient at it, we're doing it at reduced costs. then we're not taking that money out of global health. what we're doing is we're putting it back into things like tuberculosis and malaria alleviation. >> ifill: while praising those achievements, the tanzania president ask that americans give even more. >> we ask that they really give because it helps change the lives of our people. but if they can do more, please. >> ifill: on the streets of dar

es salaam, some echoed president obama's call for more partnerships and less outright aid. >> as tans kneians we should not just wait for aid from developed countries. we have resources. we have a lot of natural resources. i like what president obama said: that they are coming here to invest but we have to meet halfway. >> ifill: driving that point home, the president visited a power plant built with a u.s. grant, part of a newly announced $7 billion initiative to double access to electricity in africa. there were some lighter moments as well. today with the president he also kicked around this new invention called a socket ball. it creates and stores energy as it's used which can then power a light or charge a cell phone. shortly afterward and once again with great ceremony, the president and first lady left for washington.

for more on how the president was received in africa and how successful the visit was, we turn to mwangi kimenyi, director of the africa growth initiative at the brookings institution. emira woods, dirctor of foreign policy in focus at the institute for policy studies. and chris fomunyoh, regional director for central and west africa at the national democratic institute. emira woods, starting with you, what is your sense of whether the president accomplished what he set out to do on this trip? >> i think clearly this trip was met with mixed reviews. there were many who were exuberant from president obama first ran for office and won office and even winning a second term. we saw during this trip that the exuberance has really wanedded in a number of ways. there is a bit of discontent. there's a continuation of some of the policies from the bush administration to the obama administration that may not have served the interest of africa nor quite frankly the interest of the u.s. so i think there's excitement about the rhetoric and real exuberance that obama did make a visit not just to one country or two countries but really to

three countries in different parts of the continent. but essentially the policies of the obamaed administration, what many had hoped would be reset in the second term, still have a long ways to go to meet the needs and interests of the majority of people on the african continent. >> i take a different view because i think that this trip has been very successful both on the substance as well as on the symbolism. in term of the substance i think president obama really spoke to the things that africans care about today. issues of good governance, the fight against corruption. the need for more accountability and transparency. we talk about the rule of law. he met with organizations and talkd about citizen engage many. he also talked to africa's future. a lot of emphasis on the younger generation. this is a continent on which 60% of the population is 25 years or younger. he also talked about his youth initiative, the initiative for

young african leaders in the political and economic arenas. he suppose to the africa of today as well as to africa of the future. and the symbolism was really strong because of the attention that he paid to the island in senegal, robbin island in south africa. today with former president bush he raised the monument in tanzania with the people who lost their lives out of the 1998 bombing. >> ifill: but he even left on this trip you wrote an article and the headline was guilt trip. previewing this. do you think in retrospect that now that the trip is over that that's what this was? >> for a president who has been really absent in africa, this was a good thing. it was a good signal. but you really have to... >> ifill: when you say absent you don't count the 2009 trip to

began a. >> if you look at the obama administration and say when we talk about u.s. slash africa policy what are we really talking about? do you take it back to george bush? in that sense i mean obama has not been in africa. in that sense i think going to africa has been important. now we need to distinguish between making proceed nownlsments and actual substance of what's going to happen. now we can't tell. we have to wait and see. i think it will be a very important trip because he went to africa and visited three countries. that's better than one country. sub saharan african country. in a way i would say that it's been good but it's still not what africa expected. >> ifill: i want to talk about expectations because i wonder if

the expectations are different because we have a president of african descent. >> without a doubt, gwen. there was such excitement. a son of africa, his father from kenya reaching the highest office on the planet, the white house. such enthusiasm throughout the continent really for obama. and really thought the african world. but i think that enthusiasm has waned. when you see a continuation of a real focus almost narrowly some say on the so-called war on terror. what you see is still a mill tarrization of u.s. engagement with africa. it is not only the continuation of the africa command started under george bush, continued under president obama, but we see quite frankly, you know, the new announcement of a drone base in niger. you see steady flow of weapons into the region. the resistance of the administration to be a signatory on a u.n. arms trade treaty, recognizing that arms coming into the continent are what's fueling much of the conflict. so you see really a continuation of policies that have done much

more harm than good. >> ifill: does it make a difference where he chose to go? in going to senegal and going to south africa and going to tanzania. not going to nigeria or eet cope i can't or anymore troubled democracies. is that significant? >> it's very significant because i think many africans see this as an extension of the trip that he made to gan a and the pronouncement that was made in that speech in gan a which in many ways have been reflected in his policy where he got democratization on good governance, trade and investment and helping build the capacity of african-security services to better protect people across the con nent. the choice really coincides with the rhetoric that this administration has had. i think if he had traveled to some of the other countries, it would have been very difficult to match that with the policy that he's put forward. >> ifill: what is it that the u.s. should be doing here?

from aid to trade. is that something we heard him talking about? >> he has talked a lot about that. that's what the position we'll be talking about. what we need is more commercial engage. he has tried to do that but what we don't know, we aren't sure. the substance of it and how much... >> ifill: what would you like to see? >> well, i think that we've been talking about since he came to office was that he was to be a leader that would go with africa. they've been looking at africa at the hopeless continent, you know, the old africa, or aid africa. all the countries that are looking at it are looking with us with a hopeful content. let's do business. he seems to have drifted. he's talking that way but whether he does something we have to wait and see. >> ifill: he's talking about a $7 billion in electricity in sub saharan africa.

is that not the good news you're talking about. >> it could be. i think we have to look carefully to see what that actually means. if i means a continuation of coal-fired plants there could be a problem because it could be contributing further to global warming. as the president so beautifully stated in his speech at georgetown before he went to africa that the u.s. has to do more both within its borders and internationally to curb this crisis of the climate that the planet is facing. so i think the concern is with coal-fired plants. the concern is also with hydroelectric power. we see, you know, one key ally of the u.s., ethiopia, they have tremendous amount of assistance from the u.s. moving steadily towards hydroelectric power could create major problems essentially damning the nile. it could create problems between egypt and eet yoap i can't. you know, displacing communities. so the concern is that the power is needed but in ways that are renewable. in ways that protect the planet for now and for future generations. >> ifill: the president said in

one of his speeches that america has to up its game when it comes to africa. do you see the united states doing that? >> i think when we take... if we take the electricity, the power africa initiative which is just launched it sets the ground rules that there will be u.s. investors in the power sector in africa, but it will also foster into african trade. i think that the involvement of the african development bank which is going to be part of this initiative would really be very helpful in that regard. >> ifill: is china beating us to the punch on that? >> again, we need to look at this if relative terms. when you talk about you dream a lot, what are we talking about? think about what is defined. we dream a lot. so i think we need to know what exactly is new. we know a lot of this investment is committed.

i mean, there may be a game here also. once we interrogate them we will know whether they want to change. >> ifill: emira woods, thank you, and thank you both all three. >> a pleasure. thank you. >> woodruff: finally tonight, how a front man of rock is charming new fans in the world of classic music, and yet still jamming for his adoring base after three decades on the road. jeffrey brown has our profile. >> brown: it's not where you expect to see the lead guitarist of what's widely seen as rock n roll's leading jam band. but there was trey anastasio recently, best known for his work with the band phish, performing arrangements of his music with the national symphony

orchestra in washington. and even for a man used to playing for thousands in huge arenas, this was exciting. >> when you stand in that spot next to the podium and the orchestra is playing, the sound is... >> brown: it's pretty amazing, isn't it? >> oh, my god, it's in 3-d, and it's coming in every direction. my knees get weak. >> brown: it turns out that anastasio's love for classical music is long-standing, going back to his youth. he credits a college composition teacher for showing him how to write large-scale pieces modeled on symphonies, big band arrangements, and more. >> we used to talk a lot about not getting so hung up on styles, but being much more focused on content, so that you could sneak harmonic elegance into rock and roll. >> brown: you felt that from the beginning? >> from the beginning, absolutely.

>> brown: in 1983, anastasio formed the band that would become phish with three other musicians in burlington, vermont. and over 30 years, with a brief breakup in 2004, the band has developed one of the largest and most loyal fan bases in rock 'n' roll, making their name not on number one hits, but for their live performances featuring extended improvisations, the "jam." "rolling" stone magazine dubbed phish the "most important band of the 1990s," and anastasio himself one of the 100 greatest guitarists in rock history. and the community of hundreds of thousands of phish fans is as rabid as ever, many following the group from concert to concert. and that, says anastasio, is fundamental to the band's identity. >> a lot of the people that come

see us have been coming for 20, 30 years. and i have-- as strange as this sounds-- relationships with people who stand, like, ten rows back and dance that i recognize. i walk on stage, say hi, and it's a good feeling, and we start playing and i've never spoken a word to them. >> brown: but what many fans may not realize, anastasio says, is all the hard work that goes into what they see on stage. for one thing, phish is addicted to practicing. >> the way i see it is, the freedom comes with an enormous amount of discipline first. there is lots and lots of hidden work in practicing that gets you to the point where you can play like that. one of the things that we used to do as a band with phish is that we would do jamming exercises. we didn't want it to be a big mush of, you know, navel-gazing, self-indulgent solos. >> brown: you wanted it organized? >> we wanted organized jamming,

yes. so we would do very elaborate listening exercises where we would go around in a circle, and each musician would start a phrase, and then the other three would have to join in harmony or rhythmically. we used to do rushing and dragging tempo exercises in a circle. it would be each person's turn to drag, and if they dragged, we would have to go with them fearlessly. and if they rushed, we'd go with them fearlessly. so a lot of it had to do with being in a group of people and coexisting and being a community. >> brown: that word, "community," is clearly important to anastasio and his bandmates. and the security of the band has allowed him to pursue other interests. in addition to his appearances with many leading orchestras around the country, he tours with his own band, and recently wrote the music for a broadway production. >> i always like to keep in the child mind-- i mean, "child- like," but not "childish," meaning a beginner's mind. i like learning. i like being the beginner. >> brown: you do?

>> yes. and i like to challenge myself. i like getting up in the morning and learning something new. the other thing is that you learn stuff that you then take back to phish. >> brown: oh, really? it works that way? >> definitely. you might be in a big arena, and there is some kind of music going on or some kind of guitar solo or something, and i think, wow, i wish i could get to the level that i heard with, you know, the pittsburgh symphony that night, when the brass section was playing. that kind of thing, you know, it opens your mind. >> brown: performing with the orchestra, ansastasio says, is a way to reimagine pieces he wrote for phish, but to do so in a way that's challenging and fulfilling for the musicians as well. >> the idea is that there is nothing as rhythmically tight on god's green earth as an orchestra. the strings usually act in a percussive way, so we didn't want to put a drum set up there.

there is nothing as harmonically elegant and there is nothing as texturally elegant as an orchestra. and we wanted to take advantage of all those elements. >> brown: in the meantime, phish goes on, having survived decades incredible change in the music business. >> one of the problems for a young band today is that you have to get out on the stage and play and make mistakes in order to improve. but i will say one thing here-- it may sound insensitive or whatever-- there is no free ride, you know. >> brown: meaning? >> sometimes i think people think they are going to get into music because it's a way to not work, which is completely the opposite of the way i've always looked at it. if you love it, you are going to get up at 7:00 a.m. every day and play all day long and work and find gigs. >> brown: this is a job, it's something you work at. >> you've got to love it. you've got to put in your 10,000 hours, and then you've got to put in another 10,000 hours.

but you know, if you love it-- which i do-- it's easy. >> brown: the band is once again on the road this summer, touring the country. and phish fans everywhere will be glad to hear that a new album is in the works. >> woodruff: we've just posted jeff's entire interview with trey anastasio online, plus we asked phish fans to tell us what inspires them about the music. more than a thousand shared memories and photos. find a sampling of those images on our web site. >> ifill: again, the major developments of the day. egyptian president mohamed morsi said he won't step down, even as hundreds of thousands of protesters filled the streets calling for him to leave. >> tonight clashes and gun fire could be heard near cairo university. and the obama administration announced it is is delaying the employer mandate portion of the health care law for one year.

until 2015. >> woodruff: online >> woodruff: online, venus williams' legacy at wimbledon extends far deeper than her five titles. hari sreenivassan tells us more. >> sreenivasan: at the height of her career, the tennis star fought for equal prize money for women at the most revered of the grand slam tournaments. gwen spoke with the director of the espn documentary "venus versus" to get perspective on the champ's role in making history at wimbledon. all that and more is on our web site, newshour.pbs.org. judy? >> woodruff: and that's the newshour for tonight. on wednesday, we'll recap the testimony in the murder trial of mob boss, whitey bulger. i'm judy woodruff. >> ifill: and i'm gwen ifill. we'll see you online, and again here tomorrow evening. thank you, and good night. >> major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by: >> bnsf railway. >> and by the alfred p. sloan foundation. supporting science, technology, and improved economic performance and financial

literacy in the 21st century. >> and with the ongoing support of these institutions and foundations. and... >> this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting. and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. captioning sponsored by macneil/lehrer productions captioned by media access group at wgbh access.wgbh.org

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we offer expertise and tailored solutions in a wide range of injuries. what can we -- of industries. what can we do for you? >> and now, "bbc world news america.">> i am katty kay. protesters packed cairo once again, but president morsi says he will not step down, and called for the military to remove its ultimatum. a disturbing turn in serious civil war. imposingradicals are sharia law in rebel-held areas, and the consequences are brutal. former first lady laura bush sits down with the bbc to answer when there might be a madame president in the u.s. might have somebody who runs next time.