. next on kqed newsroom more bridge e?les.q corrosion revealed in the criticalñie1q part of the easte span.r a downturn in techfá stocksw3w3s alarm. science of bringing back distinct iy;[ñspecies. >> to goçó backe1 to that origi mistake or crime and try to do it, therermight bexd redemptionn that.

that.q good evening. welcome to kqed newsroom. elected officials areñiñdc% cal for an independent examination of corrosion in critical parts of the new eastern span of the bay bridge. a recent investigation by the sacramento bee foundw3 rust inse the chamber to protectwierom moisture and erosion.ñi some experts are warning if rust gets worse itq could lead to structural damage. this is the latest string of concerns including detects and broken bolts and rods.lp @&hc& and spoke earlier with scott schaefer. >> charles, welcome. >>e1 thank you. >> first get us up toñi speed o exactly where the current problem is with thee1 bridge. nside chambers where the main cable is attached to the bridge e1itself. these chambers arelp on the eer

side of the suspension spane1 portion of the bridge. viewers mightq recall this is a unusual bridge. it's held up by one single cable that wraps up the westrf side t attaches to the bridge itself in chambers on the east side. >> you had the chance to go inside the chamber which is supposed to be dry to protect the cable. what did you see? >> what we saw was somewhat surprisingçó and disturbing. very obvious signs of corrosion in several locations including on the strands of theok main cables themselves. the sockets, thelp devices they i]ñ. in the anchor rods which are high strength steel rods that connect the main cable to thec bridge. >> these are all critical components integral to the structural stability to the span. if they arei] damaged or have problems or experience corrosion

related cracking, that is a4÷ serious structural problem. >> when you say rust, that isu orangish rust we see onó[ym m? >> we saw metal self evidently rust like you see on a steel object exposed to t'(uq). the problem is that for aokxd layperson, youú9n't definitively know what you're seeing. we tooke1 samplings of the corrosion residue and ó1# them tested in a sophisticatedfá laboratory. >> independent investigators? >> independent investigators. we had these tested. they showed definitively steel ÷ rust and quite significantly the that means thatñi not only wate reached the strands andçóe1 anc rods but also salt fromç?$u$e b environment. that's important because salt is an excel rant for çócorrosion. >> was the exposure, did it

occur during construction or i] ongoing, still okhappening? >> the answer is both.çó construction errors and i think missed suujjf by cal tran and 4. first of all, the chambers where the strandsxnof the main cable, anchor rods and connecters between them are located, those were open to thefá environment r they experienced 21 inches of rain, bay e1mist, air from the environment for at( full year. after that, the chambers werer sealed and supposedly dehumidified. unfortunately the efforts to seal and he dehumid identify failed. waterq collects inñirchambers a humidity is not controlled. >> do they say at thisxd point it'slp not rust, it'sq reallyxd oxide that's supposed to corrode or it'u1 rust and not a problem? what's their attitude?

in denial i guess. >> they say they're not in denial. they're attributing the rust to particles of steel thatlp were ground from the@eeck portions of chambers and found their way onto the strands and into the anchor t(rods. we've shown that can't possibly be true because thexd characteristics of the particles are differentñi from the vast majorityñi wewj÷ found in labor testing. it's extremely obvious what the differences are. i think what the next obvious step is fore1 them to have an independent examination much more thorough than we were able to dook to see the extent of th problem. >> you drive over the bridge all the tim(a drove over it today to come here. what goes through your ]/>mind? >> i feel like a lucky e1person. i don't think i'm going to be on hits. in all seriousness, i y danger of

falling down any time soon. we'rew3ñi talking about a serie structural defects and ñrdoubts] uncertainties that haven't been examined yet by cal tran orzv advisors. until those uncertainties are examined carefully and workt( i put in to see whether mediation is necessary, everyone in the béñ area should take the stability of that zv$6.5 billi bridge withq some reservation ad concern. >> and concern of course we may not know fori] sure until that g one hits. >> true enough.çó we do know visible rust and corrosion on these criticalçór areas can be examined and can be fixed if it is serious. >> charles pillar, from sacramento.r >> thank you 3wscott. + it's corporate earning season.

the spotlight is onñi silicon valley. many releasedñi numbers. yahoo beat expectations.t( google fell short attributing to açó decline in tech stocks. record profits were produced last year. last time was 1999 before the techñi bubble burst. is this another bubble in the making or not? joiningq me now, jeremy owens, ! wright, senior vice  resident group. welcome to i]ñiboth. how have companies been doing overall last year? >> we compiled the 150 largest techology companies in terms of revenue.

bubble. wefá see the strongestñi techno sector at thise1 point. it's a robustnú one. >> are we seeing the signs ofe1 bubbleq with high evaluation,fá increased traffic, soaring rents and housing prices? >> some people would say once again we have the big delivery movement. web van was one of the big ones now we have grocery deliverylp d thingse1 that theñi didn't seem back. there are some things similar nowçó compared to 90s. i think we're far from alp bubb. if anything we might start seeinglp market corrections in terms of investment by capitalist and where they move money ñiokto. we're far from a bubbl- adespit traffic and housingfbó prices.

it'st( still a robust economy. there's 6% unemployment. there's still a%qñ lot differen from the 90s. >>ok there's been a month long downturn for some of the biggest names. ist( this a blip perhaps or dgokok longer and wider? >> correction is the best way to put it. u a little bit of correction happening withlp momentum stocks with wc/x2013. i think what you're seeing here is we're not in a bubble because other companies went up. if you look at standard barriers of the valley for the last 20 years, hp, intel,ñi cisco.ó[ those went up in the past month and a half while facebook and other companies fell back down 10 to 40% if you lookok at panda and others. you're seeing a more diversified valley injfçó termst( ofñi matu

different sectors and what they offer. you're seeing companies in the web sector and clooen techjf sector get valuedt( highly becae they're betting on thosexd to continue growing in the future. they know what they're getting. those aren't as affected. the bubble that burst in 2000 that was valley wide across all sectors. at this point it doesn'tok look like a bubble burst specific to specific companies. >> i would add if you think of start up businesses, small businesses. they employ a lot of people in small places. the reports are just out today about 50% of the venturee1 capil moneyfá in the united states wa spent here in silicon valley. there's a lot of start up activity, a lot ofq reallye1 sm people working on tough problems with technology and services.

the vp's aree1çó willing to gam >> we've got this money pouring in, companies making record profits. why is the unemployment rato 6%. it's improved fásomewhat. if you look at '99 it was hovering around 2%. why are we not seeing moret( jo created by companies? >> a lot of éte1 money now is saved in bank accounts, pushed back tojf investors. we found the top 250 companies pushed back to investors this year ever than in the past. twice as much actually as they have in the past. they have one-third of all cash in bankñi accounts for all of corporate america.çó a lot of that is saved overseas. in the comeback from the recession, you might see people hold onto cash and look to to reward investors that stuck with them through that. the hope is that the money p'd ñrresearch and developmentd capital reinvestment now.

150 in 2013,ñi down from 2012. you expect to see that grow this year. >> steve, do you think the people?es should be hiring mor^- people?es shouldy%ur siliconñii group represents moree1 than 40( > if you look back to 90s, a lot of companies and vcs that came out remember the sting of that era. companies are holding onto monei before doing expansion that one might like to see to bring acmut larger employment. there's alsoxd a much different skills gap these days than even 10 to 15 years ago.ñr the rapid rate of change of technology is soi] fast that it hard for a lot of workers )ñ keep up. some of the unemployed arew]oç out of the skill.ç@&hc& their skill is no longer needed.

we're really trying to work harder in silicon valley to ñ we anticipate better where technology is moving? how can we get more people trained? and also make sure universities and elementary and secondary schools get students to think more about theroú/echnology job. 8) will suop with employment b. over the long haul. mission. what'c about short term, is economic prosperity tricklingñi down and out to those not in the tech sector? >> i think there's substantial anecdotalle businesses are doing better. restaurants, car dealerships. some people are spending money. a lot of people are sitting on their cash. it's beginning to loosen up up. you can see it ine1 neighborhoo around the bay area. i think it's going to be okaye1 for the next year or two. i think any kind of words about

major correction or real problem we won't knowzahout another three years xdprobably. >> i think a lot of companies want to see the traiwymg four quarters, trailing sjf quarters really come up. you know, we're still -- if you look back onee1 to three years, you see a lot of problems stemming from the great recession.e1 as we getñr furtherer and furth from that andçó companies and cs are able to look back and say now we're able to sustain this level of growth and profitability for the past year, two years, three]iñ year, there will be a littlee1 more satisfaction with the business to go ahead and hire more. that's what you hope for. >> going back to where wefá started this discussion. your silicon valley 150 l3r. what are some of the hottest sectors now and what's starting to cool off? >> the web sector and cleane1 th sector had huge growth.ñi clean teche1 sector. the tesla andfá solar city were two largest in terms of stock

oval. they had huge work force growth they were hiring people. the web sector was similar. weçóq added twitter along with facebook and google. those are our biggest growing companies but also our smallest sectorsé companies. clean tech is is only four. so you see startups in those areas that aren't on the 150 yet,lp too young and aren't big enough. that's where you see a lot ofñrq growth. >> you mentioned tesla h)&wfá at of growth. another areañr it plans to grows building a battery plant. it could provide a lot of çójob. yet says it's not going to move to california. are we creatingfá situations he impediments are preventing that sector? ñ1a1%fornia says it's behind t times when it comes to what other states are doing to try tq get companies to move their

manufacturing there. other states willçó give tax benefits and really work hard to get jobs and that kind of business. californî is still far behind. >> we're going to have to leave it there. jeremy owens thank you both. >> thank t(you. a story that seemsñi lifted from science xdfiction. researchers, many here in kal kashlgs are trying toñi bring bk extent species. from the wooley mammoth to the passenger piejen.lp bringing species back may fix pastqw3 mistakes and fix endangd anv(sáip &hc& just because we can, should we. theçóxd cloned dinosaurs of the jurassic parkñr movies captured imaginations. 6u( a million years after extension, there's no chance scientists can bringçó dinosaur back says the biologist. ñ a fantasy

q will be. dinosaurs are way too old to think we're going to recoverxd genetic material. >> scientists areó[ focussingl species thatlp went extent more recently. researchersñr have revived one animal, the last of a type of mountain goat that was cloned in spain inñr 2003. the clone only lived a few minutes. here in thenu.s., george churc from harvard medical school is engineering elephant cells with thicker hair and a fatty layer to make them look mammoths. his goal is to keep the arctic from growing. scientists feel mammoths strengthens the grass that grew on top of the frost and protected it from the sun.çó >>lp mammoths may have had a bi role in maintaining the grasslp thate1 stabilizq

forest put together times two. >> the same engineering technology could one day make."t possible to bring back other rm2ai:jjuzar-old novak is worki deextinct thefá passenger pigeo. >> there were 5 billion in the united states. pute1 in the spani] of 50 yearsy go extinct. >> note1 to be confused with d r domesticatede1t( pigeons. >> these giant flocks of birds so dense that with ae1 singleq t you could take a down dozens of them. >> shipped byfá the train loadso feed hungry cities, the passenge inlppigeon went esf)j 1914. @&hc& closest ban tail pigeon.

he would usefá the passenger squarexd tails with the long ta and swift wings that allowed passenger pigeons to flyñi 60 miles per qúóhour. >> ryan and profits revive and restore is funding novak's work.qw4jddq (á whole earthgfy& catalog startek 1968. it encouragedxd readers to live intuned with nature. brand hopes to excite a new generation. do you want extinctñi speci back? mistake or crime and try to undo it. there might be redemption in that. >> that to me is the wrong attitude. >> biologistq jim patton at the university of california berkeley doesn't share brand's

enthusiasm. >> we're lost unless we realize we're just a part of this intricate web. we ought to bring species back 5 maintain the web butñr not because it makes us feel better and sleep better at night. >> both estimatelp it will take to $50 million to bring back the passengg; pigeon. >> where the money tends to be comin(jr' from people in high-tech. they like being on cutting ñi edges. this is one. >> brand believes passenger restore the forest by spreading seeds ñiñiaround.t( the pigeons could end up in conflicts with humans once again especiallyi@cf listed under the endangered species act. >> if s7endangered species, ald añr sudden the forest habitat where it goes will been off m (r)r'g. hiking, >> will the people in the east z willing to put up wit

thousands ofxd pigeonse1 desiccg allxde1 over everything? >> theñi enterprise of reviving species is in part by extinctok rates scientists have observed biologist jack guards the remnants of extinct animals. >> there are two keys to this case. i have onee1e1 and the collecti manager has the other.e1 humans are the reason species are extinct at a higher rate. population sizes are so big, we're destroying habitat and converting from natural things we use. >> climate change ist( making things w3okworse. some scientists estimate if temperatures continue to climb, they could contribute to the disappearance of half the i]

world's species. >> if you've got some ecosystem we know is collapsinges.ñ becau we've lostñi some key ecosystem component andq we can deextinct it, why wouldn't we do that? >> but many biologist believe efforts should focus on i] endangered rather than extinct species. >> it comes down hugely to priorities. if we have technologies that can be brought to bear to help preserve what is already here, 4q's why i would put my resources. >> at the san diego zoo safari park, these are two of only +g[q]=i1ìc&ern left in the disappeared in the wild around 2006. t( ended baby making years. it'sfá unlikely the other five wille1 produce either says theo

zoo. >> without some extraordinary intqvention, northern white rhinos are doomed. >> those extraordinary measures begin with rhinolp cellslpe1 stt minusq 250 degrees at the froze zoo. scientists haveñi=)ñ collectedt from 12 northern whitee1 rhinos using stem cell techniques and in vitro xdfertilizatiovx8 they hopet(t( to increasek the popu. the zoo holds 1,000 species,i] many endangered. with new technology, these cells could one day become a lifeline. >> that report wase1 produced b ed science.ort wase1 produced b learn more about how california scientists are trying to bring back longe1 gone an)lgls. the half hour documentary reañr wakening extinct species april 23rd here on kqed. joining me for a look at

other stories,ko hi scott. >> governor brown is calling for a special session of the legislator next ñiweek. he wants them to pass a november ballot measureñi for a rainyxd fund. there's already something similar on the çóballot. why does he want ñranother? >> the one on the ballot in of a deal in 2010jfñ whenq schwarzenegger wa governor. republicans would only vote if they got this on the uballot. democrats have neverokçó liked . public employees don't like it. they feel it's a lockjf box,xd y won't be used when they want to spend ñrmore. they want to negotiate withñr details and putu.x it on the bt instead of the one now. >> how would this be different?& >> governor brown wants toc focs onlp capital gains. it goes up and down in a crazy way. he wants to skim off sovuñ of that money, put it in the reserve fund. legisla4:p ande1 governor can decide if they want to spend on debt orm: things like pension

funds. they can make that decision. he wants to set it a sider automatically when available. >> he needs two-thirds of the vote to do this. democrats don't have a super majority now that three state senators areq suspended. how is he going to get this done? >> he's got to talk theúá republicans. he started talking to leader ship. they seemed open to it. if they do nothing, the one on the ballot will stay. they have incentive to negotiate with him. they'll probably want guarantee that money can't be raided every time a democrat wants to spend. tu!lines on this good friday. he's granted 63 pardons tor people once convicted offáq vars crimes. >> is there a pattern? >> most are non violent crimes, drug offenses.jf people served time, got out of prison, been on the right side of the law every since. they have to apply.

the governor'.9qçó 63 right before fáeaster. >> is this something all governors do or specific to jerry brown? >> all governors have theñr rig and power to dofác pardons. gray davis issued zero when governor. schwarzenegger gave out about a dozen. this governor has given out 400 over not yet four years this term as governor. clearly he's a believer in second chances kind offá like t voters have given him being governor a second time. >> he was trained in the seminary. there's religious basisñi to wh he's doing. >> absolutely why he ties it to christmas and easter. >> thanks. >> you bet.lp we leave you with a sneakok peek at the exhibit. watkins braves the elements to photograph yosemite packingñrxd one ton. this inspired congress to make

this a national reserve. >> it opens april 23rd at stanford university. i'mçó scott. >> have a good night.

on this edition for sunday, april 20th. new violence erupts in eastern ukraine. in our signature segment, the high cost of negative comments online. it's more than a matter of rudeness. >> i figure the site has gotten more off-hands or inappropriate comments have come through. >> the free samples you're getting from your doctor may actually cost you in the long run. next on pbs "newshour weekend." >> "pbs newshour weekend" made possible by lewis b. and louise hirsch feld. judy and josh westin. joyce v. hale. the wallich