captioning sponsored by wnet on this edition for sunday, september, 14: prime minister david cameron says britain will make islamic state militants pay for the beheading of a british aid worker. why are so few of america's top newsrooms led by women? and in our signature segment, fearing a new anti-semitism a growing number of jews are leaving france. >> during israel's war with hamas, the synagogue was targeted by demonstrators who reportedly chanted "death to jews" as they attacked. >> next on pbs newshour weekend. >> pbs newshour weekend is made possible by:

corporate funding is provided by mutual of america-- designing customized individual and group retirement products. that's why we are your retirement company. additional support is provided by: and by the corporation for public broadcasting and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. from the tisch wnet studios in lincoln center in new york, hari sreenivasan. this is pbs newshour weekend. >> sreenivasan: good evening. thanks for joining us. british prime minister david cameron reacted with outrage today to the beheading by islamic state extremists of british aid worker david haines. >> they claim to do this in the name of islam. that is nonsense. islam is a religion of peace. they are not muslims, they are monsters. >> sreenivasan: appearing on the sunday talk shows, white house chief of staff denis mcdonough said the killing, the third of its kind documented on videotape

in recent weeks, illustrates the brutality of the group. >> we were obviously painfully aware of their barbarity and their nefariousness even before this video, but this obviously underscores it yet again. >> sreenivasan: administration officials said today that american allies have offered to participate in airstrikes against islamic state fighters and expects some of them to volunteer ground troops to fight soon. those countries were not identified. but south carolina republican senator lindsey graham expressed strong doubt the administration's plan will work. >> there is no way in hell you can form an army on the ground to go into syria, to destroy isil without a substantial american component. our strategy will fail yet again. this president needs to rise to the occasion before we all get killed back here at home. >> sreenivasan: an article published today by the associated press says the islamic state is now earning $3 million a day from oil smuggling, human trafficking, theft and extortion.

the piece quotes a u.s. intelligence official as saying the group's resources exceed those of any other terrorist group in history. the islamic state control 11 oil fields in iraq and syria and reportedly sells its oil at deeply discounted prices. in north korea today, a 24-year- old american was sentenced to six years of hard labor. matthew miller of bakersfield california was convicted of entering that country illegally to commit espionage. miller is one of three americans being held there. missionary kenneth bae is serving 15 years for allegedly trying to build an underground religious network. and jeffrey fowle is expected to be put on trial soon. he was arrested last may for allegedly leaving a bible in the bathroom at a club. the ebola outbreak in west africa has claimed the life of another doctor, hours after the world health organization said it could not medically evacuate her from sierra leone to germany. more than 300 health workers have become infected with ebola in guinea, liberia and sierra leone and nearly half of them have died.

there was a shortage of doctors in those countries even before the ebola outbreak began. so far, only foreign health and aid workers have been medically evacuated from the affected nations. an unusual ceremony at the vatican today. pope francis married 20 couples, including at least one couple who have been living together and have had children. the event is being interpreted as the latest sign of the pope's willingness to make the church more inclusive. the pope offered a tip to all the newlyweds: >> ( translated ): a small piece of advice: it is normal that newlyweds argue, it happens and it's normal. but i advise you never to end the day without making peace, never. >> sreenivasan: in indianola iowa today, an important political gathering: the harkin steak fry. an outdoor fundraising event attended by several thousand people that has acted as a springboard for would-be democrat presidential candidates including barack obama. the headliners today were bill

and hillary clinton. a poll published friday among registered democrats in iowa gave hillary clinton 53% more than triple any other possible democrat contenders. and from southern california, word of an unusual plan to try to stop panhandling and fight homelessness. the city of pasadena will be using 14 parking meters to collect change that will be donated to groups serving the homeless. it's advertised as, "the real change movement." denver and orlando have tried similar plans with mixed results. according to press reports, denver has raised more than $30,000 a year annually. but orlando reportedly collected little more than $2,000 in three years, barely more than what it cost to install the meters. >> sreenivasan: for more about the tactic of beheadings adopted by islamic state fighters, we are joined now from washington d.c. by tom sanderson.

he is co-director of the transnational threats project at the center for strategic and international studies. so what purposes do these videos serve? >> well many-- well, many purpose, one, it certainly is designed to terrorize the west, the populations, the public is representing that particular individual potentially in the hope that isis deter further action. these groups know, especially isis know that some nations pay ransoms to release their individual, and they know that if they present this as the option for not paying a ransom that perhaps they could split the coalition, the partners that have signed up to confront isis, so that's one reason, terrorizing and potentially splitting. the other certainly about empowerment, both for themselves and for those young men that they try to recruit. at this point in the current state of the battle the u.s. can hit isis with impunity, will have drones in the battle. we have aircraft now.

we don't have boots on the ground. so isis can't hit back and bleed us. but they can through our civilians, through the reporters, ngo workers, humanitarian workers organize whatever. so this to them levels the playing field to some degree. it's also about revenge, clearly. the orange gitmo jump suit is about hitting back and it's very difficult to strike the u.s. so this gives them that opportunity to satisfy that need of actually inflicting pain on the west. that brings me to the third part, that's the recruitment element, the propaganda tool this is very satisfying to young men who come from countries where they're marginalize-- marginalized, where they are subject to harsh treatment, where they feel denuded and impotent. and this gives them a sense of power that they are probably never had before. >> on the first point when you said that this is maybe a way to fracture different parts of the coalition t seems to be galvanizing the west against them. >> yeah. >> yeah. right now and the people that they hit are the u.k.

and the u.s. and question have been very resolute in our act, in our disposition towards isis. but i think that in the future you could see more of these attacks, more of these beheadings against citizens from coalition countries as an effort to split them, to split the partnership, whether this works not i don't knowment but it certainly is one of the few tools that isis will be able to use against that coalition. so i would expect to see this as an effort in the future. >> is it working on the recruiting front? >> i think so. i certainly think that again, these young men, 10,000 or more, upwards of maybe 15,000 who have come. >> see this as one of the few methods that isis and themselves by extension can take against the wednesday. and again it's not coincidental that the orange jump suit is being used here so i do think it serves as an effective propagation, propaganda tool for these

young men who again are coming from places where they are marginalize. >> is there a point of diminishing returns for the islamic state with these videos? >> well, it's difficult to say. i think there are diminishing returns for the beheading videos. it could be that simply the first one to come out with james foley really shocked americans and shocked the west. but as they continue, if they do continue, and i hope they don't, it could be a diminishing effect for isis as they conduct these. i think the backs of americans will continue to stiffen, resolve is strong right now. so i think that isis could find that they don't have the same kind of effect. but it remains to be seen what sort of impact it has on the u.s. public, the public of our partners, both locally in the region as well as in europe. and among those recruits. so it is's very difficult to determine the long-term effect. >> and what about the media's role or responsibility in how these images are repeated over and over again. >> yeah.

well, i think we've seen a clear change where media is trying to conduct a blackout of these videos. and i think that's very good. which points it to the fact that there is a propaganda value here for the videos. so i think it's been good that twitter and other media forums including visual media have been able to shut down and reduce the incidences of the videos being shown. so that's good. but i think there's always a way around that and i think isis is going to be able to find those ways and reach the people that they want to reach. >> all right, tom sanderson from the center for strategic and international study, thanks so much. >> great, you got it >> sreenivasan: and now to our signature segment, our original in-depth reports from around the nation and around world. our focus tonight: growing anti- semitism in europe. in berlin today, at an event marking the 75th anniversary of the outbreak of world war ii.

chancellor angela merkel said her nation has a lot of work to do to fight the rise in anti- semitism there. and she said she is very concerned that police protection is now needed outside jewish institutions throughout germany. the situation is much the same in france, where the recent war between israel and hamas led to some pro-palestinian demonstrations that ended in hateful anti-jewish chants. newshour special correspondent martin seemungal has our report from paris. ♪ >> reporter: jewish tradition is strong here. this is one of many synagogues in france, jews have been in this country for centuries, numbering 500,000. today, france has the largest jewish population in europe, but for the first time in their living memory the jews of this synagogue in central paris are talking about leaving france fearing what they call a new anti-semitism. lohan layane says he is afraid that anti-israeli sentiment has

morphed into a wider, more dangerous anti-semitism. >> if you have a david star over here, you can have a problem or if you wear a kippa some people come to you and say you are bad jews we are going to kill you and put you in the sea, it is frightening. >> reporter: in july, during israel's war with hamas, the synagogue was targeted by demonstrators who reportedly chanted death to jews as they attacked. these are images from inside the synagogue. a show of force from police ended the protest. so this is the result-- constant police protection. jews have been coming here to worship at this synagogue for 50 years, but now they say they won't come unless the police are outside. and its not just in paris. in sarcelles, a small community with a large jewish population north of paris, a peaceful pro- palestinian march degenerated into violence against anything

jewish. attacks like these have had a profound impact on the jewish community. at the jewish agency in paris there has been a surge in applications for assistance to emigrate to israel. the agency estimates 5,000 will leave this year, the highest ever. the melloul family of paris is just days away from moving to israel. gabriel melloul is a dermatologist and is giving up a successful practice. >> ( translated ): i've grown up with people from all different backgrounds, says yoel melloul. its always been alright, but i feel its changing. >> reporter: 16 year old judith is leaving many friends behind but she says, "it's time." in israel we are free to live our religion and to show that we are jewish, she says. in france, we have to hide the fact we are jewish.

>> reporter: the situation has been deteriorating over the past few years. in 2012, three children and an adult were shot and killed at the jewish school in toulouse. and in may, killings at the jewish museum in brussels, by a shooter later identified as french, raised the anxiety level higher. anti-semitism isn't new in france. in 1894, alfred dreyfus, a french jew in the french army, was falsely accused of passing military secrets to the germans he was jailed four years and was eventually cleared but not before anti-semitism exploded. during world war ii the vichy french government collaborated with the nazis deporting over 75 thousand french jews to concentration camps. >> to listen today in france people crying death to the jews for a child of warsaw ghetto this was a shock. >> reporter: marek halter is a respected jewish author and

peace activist, in spite of his shock he is urging jews who remember the 1930's and 1940's not to leave. >> you are afraid, i understand, but its not the same at that time the governments were anti- semitic. today, you only have small minorities that are anti- semitic. >> reporter: despite the rise of the far-right in france there is agreement that the new anti- semitism people talk about is largely driven by radical islam. those killings in toulouse and that brussels attack both involved muslim extremists. yossi gal is the israeli ambassador to france. >> it is those extremists that guise this new anti-semitism this anti-israel. anti-israel is the new anti- semitism here.

>> reporter: anti-israeli-pro- palestinian feelings are strong among french muslims. the majority come from north african countries, like algeria and morocco. muslims account for as much as 10% of the french population. those demonstrations were to show support for our palestinian brothers he says, because of the bombs and because they are being killed. but according to publish reports it is estimated that only a small percentage of frances estimated 6.5 million muslims harbour extremist views. and the people we spoke to in this predominantly muslim area of paris said there is a difference between being critical of israel's action and being anti-semitic. >> i have nothing against the jewish community he says because everyone has their religion but what's happened in gaza is appalling.

>> reporter: easy to see then how the israeli-palestinian conflict stoked tensions over the summer. that paris suburb of sarcelles is still trying to come to terms with what happened here. sarcelles has always been defined by peaceful co-existence between jews and muslims. so what happened here shocked both communities. sarcelles mayor, francois pupponi, has been very outspoken against the violence. >> ( translated ): it's a catastrophe for this country he says, if jews leave it's a sign of the republics failure. we have to fight this. >> reporter: in his role as peacemaker marek halter delivered a letter to the vice president of sarcelles synagogue from the muslim association here offering solidarity and support condemning the violence. >> he's saying its very good, but how many are there? the good people? so he's waiting for the big

demonstration of the thousands and thousands of muslims in the street to show they are against the extremists. >> reporter: in the face of all of this france has taken steps to quell anti-semitism. there are tough laws forbidding any kind of communication that might incite hatred or discrimination. >> the law on freedom of speech is very clear and very strict so there are certain things you cannot say >> reporter: the government wants to reassure the jews of france that they are safe here. that there is some hope. >> so you are prepared to wait it out-- to stay? >> i'll see for now i think wait and see, wait and see because its not easy to leave its very brave to leave. >> reporter: but four days after we met with the melloul family they went ahead with their plan to leave france for good.

>> i am very happy to leave. no, i'm not sad. but there is something in my heart. yes, it's difficult. >> sreenivasan: a footnote: in belgium today, the prime minister and others attended a ceremony as the jewish museum reopened four months after the fatal shootings there. keep up with the day's news in real time. follow us at newshour on twitter and like us on facebook at facebook.com/newshour. women hold few positions of authority in newsrooms across the united states. this according to a nieman report published on thursday by the nieman foundation for journalism at harvard. for more about this, we are joined now from portland oregon, by anna griffin. she is a reporter and editor at the oregonian and is the author of the report. is so how significant are the disparities between men and women when it comes to

leadership positions in newsrooms? >> they are really, really stark. women in the united states make up something like 35% of all newspaper supervisors. they run three of the top 25 circulation newspapers. and the numbers translate internationally too. women run one of the top 25 circulations internationally of newspapers, so it is an industrywide problem. >> srennivasan: this isn't a pipeline issue, there are as many women coming out of journalism or communication programs in colleges so, what's happened. what's behind this? >> it's a great question. that's part of what we try to get into. and i think answering it is really complicated because as you mentioned with what we see is coming out of journalism schools women make up half the population of young journalists. and over the next 20 years or so every time you take a five year snapshot the percentage of women has dropped. and to get into those leadership roles particularly old school mainstream news organizations you have to stick around. experience plays a large part in who gets promoted,

especially who gets picked for top jobs. women are opting out. they're opting out earlier and earlier. in some cases it's the answers would you expect, its anybody who wants to have a family has to make a really hard choice because journalism is a hard job. it's a low-paying job. it's a job that requires a lot of flexibility in your schedule. but it's not just that. even in countries that have really family-friendly policies, that let women and men go spend a lot of time with their families and then guarantee them their jobs by law when they come back, the percentages are really similar. so it's not-- it's not just what you think it is. it is something systemic that we're really as an industry struggling to put our fingers around. >> what are some of the consequences editorially, is the news that we consume different when women are in positions of leadership? >> the academic studies are really mixed on whether there is a tangible today's newspaper looks different.

but what we know an i think you can draw some conclusions from this is that organizations that are run by women tend to quote more women, tend to revow more books by women. tend to have women covering harder news beats. and so yeah, every editor male and female has their own personal style, their own preference in the kinds of stories that they like their people to corporate you by think the broad answer to that is women and men do think differently and different women and men think differently. and particularly in mainstream media, our job is to reflect the entire community that we cover, any given organization, you need as broad a range of voices as possible. and that's just not happening right now in a lot of places and a lot of places it's exactly who would you expect, you know, the middle-aged white man making the choices and all of us have blind spots, implicit biases and that presents a common.

>> srennivasan: anna griffen, thanks some of. >> thank you. >> sreenivasan: this is the last weekend of campaigning before next thursday's historic vote on independence for scotland. polls continue to show those who believe scotland should remain in the united kingdom with a slight lead. but some have yet to make up their minds. itn's martin geissler reports. >> as this campaign enters its final days, excitement may just be turning to apprehension. with the polls so close and so much at stake, perhaps that's not surprising. campaigners from both sides have been out all weekend. but it's the half million or so undecided voters who will determine britain's future. the fight is on to win them over. >> what we're saying is you know, if you have got any doubts about this than don't do it. you wouldn't do it on any personal decision you would make. and this decision isn't just

for you, it's for your family, it's for your country. which is why people build say no thanks on thursday. >> the the yes campaign have generated remarkable momentum over recent weeks closing a gap of more than 20% at the polls. but they insist they are still the underdogs. >> the big battalions organized by downy street, say the 7 flation of egypt will defend-- descend on scotland but i think people in scotland have an attitude that no, this is a prosperous nation. they want it to be a just society. >> we bring our prayers today especially on the vote on thursday. >> in edinboro there were prayers to mutual respect and reconciliation. many people here are beginning to fear the aftermath of the referendum, whichever way the vote goes. amid all this there are just a few certainties here. some parts of scottish life will never change. some will never be the same again. whatever happens, this will be the biggest week in the

country's modern history. >> some late news before we leave you tonight, shortly after the state department issued an emergency warning, authorities in uganda arrested 19 people said to be planning an imminent terror attack. they recovered explosives and suicide vests. the president of liberia, has fired ten senior government officials for refusing to return home from overseas during that country's ebola outbreak. and vermont's largest city burlington says 100% of its electricity now comes from renewable sources. on tuesday's judy woodrough reports from iowa on the u.s. senate race there, the outcome will help decide who controls the senate senate, join us on-line. i'm harry sreenivasan, good

night. captioning sponsored by wnet captioned by media access group at wgbh access.wgbh.org >> pbs newshour weekend is made possible by: corporate funding is provided by mutual of america-- designing customized individual and group retirement products. that's why we are your retirement company. additional support is provided by: and by the corporation for public broadcasting and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you.

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