rose: welcome to the program. we begin this evening with senator marco rubio from florida on immigration and the 2016 pam pain? >> i believe the next president of the united states and i hope the next republican of thecandidate for the republican party will make the case i have tried to make: the 21st century is here. the 20th century is over and never coming back. the nature of our economy is transformed. we must transform with it in our apologized and outlook. reportsrose we continue with al hunt with the junior senator from colorado, cory gardner? >> we have to prove to the american people we can governor responsibly and maturely. >> that's something i have talked about. >> means that we put ideas practical ideas of the desk of the president ideas that have support of republicans and

democrats alike to prove we can regain the trust of the american people. rose: we conclude this evening with markus roberts, the great pianist. >> the biggest difficulty in jazz is while you are playing, you need to be able to have a mind that can still comprehend what other folks are trying to do. and even though you might not like what somebody is playing, you have to make it sound good and not get in the way with your individual agenda. >> that's what makes jazz more democratic in terms of relating to the principles of our country because we ultimately have an individual agenda and perspective and approach but we have to try to put it inside of a shared common purpose. reportsrose marco rubio and marcus roberts. funding for "charlie rose" is provided by the following:

additional funding provided by: >> and by bloomberg, a provider of multimedia news and information services worldwide. captioning sponsored by rose communications from our studios in new york city, this is charlie rose. markco rubio is here with a new agenda for reform which he lays out in his second book. it is called "american dreams: restoring economic opportunity for everyone. it covers a range of issues including immigration, income ine inequality inequality, education and more. it does not mention whether he will pursue his new policy agenda as a senator or as president of the united states. i am pleased to have him back at this table. welcome. >> thank you.

thanks for having me. rose: i read this piece from phil rucker and dan balls: presidential hopefuls agree on at least one thing: economic mobility and the feeling of many americans, they are being shutout from the nation's prosperity will be a defining theme of the 2010 campaign. >> i think it's a defining theme of our time. so one of the genesis for this book and why it builds off of my first book, "american son" is my experience in this country is largely from the lengths of someone raised by two people with very limited education who as a bar tender and maid achieved the merge dream. they were never rich but they owned a home in a stable narianed. all 4 of their children went to college and they retired with a sense of dignity. millions of people achieved that in the 20th century especially after the second world war. it was after this promise that america held out, if you were willing to work hard and persevere, you would find a job that would allow you to achieve that sort of lifestyle and maybe more. now what's happening is a

growing number of people are doing it. they are following the formula they were told growing up you know, some of them have gone on and graduated from college and they are find that no matter what they do they cannot find jobs that pay enough to live off. and there are millions of people today that are living literally one broken-down car away from catastrophe. they won't have the money to fix the car. rose: or one illness? >> or one illness or one leak in the roof. i mean, you know, you see this all the time in people that are struggling. what it does is what's happening now is people wake up in the morning and they read the news about how the economy is taking off again wall street is having a great year and the gdp is growing again. this is good. it's not bad news, but they are saying to themselves why isn't that reaching me? and the truth is, if you are willing to work for $9 an hour you could patrol find a job in this economy but you may not be able to pay your bills. so we have to address that, because if you lose -- if you lose that if you lose the upward mobility, what my parents, lived, theats prations of achieving the american dream,

i think you have lost the soul and crux of what makes us spec and unique. >> as dan ball, most agree with that. the question is: how did it happen? and, secondly good the diversity of ideas of how to make it better? >> the fundamental reason this is happening is not because of a sick cyclic down turn. it is a structural issue. the structure of the economy has rapidly transformed and continues to transform at a pace faster than ever before in human history. for example, my parents raised us in a national economy. today, we truly live in a gloenl one where fact odors halfway around the world could have as much impact of how much you get paid as something that happens across town. we have more global competition. america is less competitive. there are country reads with stable rule of law who have lower tax rates, better regulatory climate and don't have the uncertainty of a national debt crisis.

second is many of the better paying jobs that are being created -- and there are the possibility of those jobs being created to the extent they are created here require skills many people don't have. and that's become problematic because many of the jobs that once sustained the middle class have been outsourced or replaced by automation. rose: why not -- there are a range of issues, and larry some sommers have talked about this about the idea of a number of things. one is inflation. two is what the we should be doing in terms of federal reserve policy. some blame the federal reserve policy. i had somebody say to me the other day we went too long with the federal buying of bonds that that should not have gone as lodge as it did. what would you have done differently in terms of trying to manage the economy as president in the, than this

president has done since 2008 when he was elected? >> first of all, i think we need to change the man data of federal monetary policy. certainly the president cannot tell the if he had really reserve what to do. they are independent. but be an advocate for stable monetary policy based upon the stability of the currency not trying to use it as a lever of economy aceconomic activity. interest rates have been held artificially low and it's been a bonanza for people who have invest in the stockmarket but people who have simple savings accounts, it's terrible. they are not getting return on their investment. here is my point. both parties are guilty of not offering this vision. i think this president has gone further and been counterproductive. we have to become, number 1, globally competitive again. we no longer can take for granted we are america. and, therefore, people must do business here. there are multiple developed countries that have a better tax code, regulatory code, a debt

environment, quite frankly, a better attitude towards job creation and also better migratory policies that allow them to ape tract top-level talent. the 21st century has. we need to make sure those jobs and innovations are happening here second rose: when you say we need it. everybody nodes we need it. everybody knows we need to be competitive with the rest of the world. everybody knows that, you know, that we ought to have some tax reform, and whatever side -- how you tend to look at that is the question. we need entitlement reform. >> sure rose: you need to balance between tax reform and entitlement reform? >> the issue of entitlement reform falls largely in the contention of our long-term debt. the driver's side are medicare and medicaid program and to some extent social security. i think, and i talk about this in the book and i advocated this in my senate campaign. i don't want to make changes for people like my mother who are in

the system now or people near retirement. the good news is if we act now we can save medicare, social security. we can plates our country on a sustainable spending path without making disruptive changes to medicare and social security for current beneficiaries. rose: you have said in this book, it has been eye opening to me how many roads to restoring the american deem lead to education. the ultimate wage enhancer is a good and relevant education. >> good and relevant. that's the second point. you know, the president last friday announced that we are going to have free community college which in theory sounds like a great idea. the problem is, yes, if it leads to degree did that lead to jobs. so an aa degree -- rose: you applaud the president for taking the initiative? >> of the issue. rose: you say you agree with senator elizabeth warren and her argument that the game in america right now is rigged. >> but we disagree on why it's rigged. she believes it's rigged by moneyed, wealth couple class

that uses republicans and others. i believe it's rigged by the government, itself. i will tell you why. if you are an established business entity in a heavily regulated industry, sometimes you don't mind a lot of regulations because only a big company like you can afford to comply with them. i have seen on many occasions where you have seen industries use the regulatory system or laws to create all sorts of hurdles for new competitors to enter the space they are in. i joke that blockbuster video would be in business if it had been able to convince policy makers that to paca law that prohibited the downloading of movies under the argument that 18-year-old -- 17-year-olds might be able to watch rated r movies. you have to make sure they come into the storefront and rent the movie from a retailer. you could have made a public safety argument in that regard. in hindsight, we know therefore never would have been voovment vu sdoo or netflix. >> you want to reduce the corporate tax. >> i think that's important to

keep us come pettives if we can generate more investment activity in america. rose: you want to raise the minimum wage? >> what i want to do is instead of the simple minimum wage increase, which i don't think accomplishes what we want, i think i want to look at the earned income tax credit and convert it to wage subsidy or enharser by taking the existing program that we now have as earned income tax credit, opening it up to all workers, including childless workers instead of through your tax return through your paycheck. so, if you are making 8 or $9 an hour, you would get a wage enhancement on top of that. number 1, it incentivizes work because even if your work isn't paying a lot from the salary per perspective, you are gaining valuable experience in a will serve you in the future. no. 2 it prevents people from becoming chronically unemployed and number 3, helping them with their wages until they climb into a job that paid more hopefully through education. rose: what do you want to do about obamacare? >> instead of obamacare what they should have done is said,

we are going to create the conditions for a marketplace where individuals can buy health insurance and they can buy it for themselves or through their employer, from any company in america that will sell you the kind of health insurance that you want. and that competition that now exists -- they are not neat comparisons. rose: it will make healthcare asible to? >> the individual marketplace. reportsrose if they can't? >> first of all they can't because they are too poor. >> that's what medicaid is there for. we have that city state level subsidized by to the federal government and high risk pools for people who are difficult to ensure because of that. the vast majority of americans, the apparently to take a tax credit or your own money tax-free and use it to shop for health insurance will lead to the existence of a vibrant, competitive private market that will tailor programs rose: and where the healthcare act enlarges medicare, are you in favor of that. >> it puts states on the hook.

the first is because the reimbursement rates are so low, a growing number of doctors now won't accept t people find themselves in the medicaid plan but can't find a doctor and every year more and more doctors refuse to accept medicaid. the second is states are offered a certain amount of money at the front end of accepting it but later years are on the hook for the majority of the tab. rose: what's the best think you can say about the afford alan care act? >> it's forced us to have a debate. rose: it has not been as -- i mean, the projected costs have not been as bad as they assumed? >> or as good as they proclaimed. rose: less than was assumed? >> the costs are bearing out on the consumer side as well. for example people thought i will have thisfree health insurances and get a subsidy for it and they realized before they can begin to use that insurance they've got to come up with $4,000 as part of their deductinal. they are really not insured. rose roesz i will talk about a big policy: immigration.

am nest city and on the other hand, you have deportation. how do we fundind the smartest place. >> first of all, those are false choices. at the end of the day, there are very few voisdz and either side calling for the round-up and deportation and on the other side -- there are but it's not a reasonable say we are going to award blanket amnesty. i was involved in a al reform effort t ran into existence rose: political resistance from you? >> that's part of being involved in the leadership. at the end of the day, i knew the history of immigration debates. i went in it with open ides and i have no regrets doing that. primarily because i learned a tremendous about what it will take to achieve something. here is what i learned: the biggest opposition to our bill in the senate was not that we were granting people who were here illegally from status. the biggest opposition we had was the argument that you will do the legalization. they will never do the

enforcing. and they all pointed back to 1986, when ronald reagan signed a law that had enforcement and legization. reportsrose who will not? >> the federal government. no matter who is in charge they will never actually do the enforcement reportsrose why is that? >> they look at history and say you will get the legalization now. then enforcement never happens. you hear that repeatedly in conservative sirldz and those resistant to change. a secondary argument, of course, is we already have a tough time filing a job. now, you are going to bring more people to compete against us for jobs. the primary argument was the one i outlined. that's why i concluded the only way we can achieve a solution on immigration immigration rose: have you backtracked on immigration. >> no. what i -- what i now argue is that the only way for us to achieve immigration reform is through a different process, not a comprehensive bill. you can't do it in one single bill. you can't. but we can do it in three steps. step one is win the confidence of american people that i willlel immigration is under control border security, e look

tronic, entry/exit tracking system. as part, retailering and our foreign aid in central america, which is something i want to work on. second is modernizing the legal immigration system towards a merit-based system. and if you do those i believe you will have strong bipartisan support to deal reasonably with those who are here illegally. rose: taking symbol consideration all of these we have talked about so far, most domestic, where among those issues do you have a significant different position than jeb bush? >> that's a great question: the answer is i don't know because jeb has not been engaged in the debate about this for about 10 years. i am sure he has ideas and we will hear them if he runs for president and i run for president and others run for president, these are the sorts of things we will talk about. i think in general, most of the republican candidates sharea upward mobility and i think

where the -- rose: do you think hillary clinton is committed to those? >> i think in the abstract, everyone in america says they are committed to it. when you look at the policies and see those policies lead to what they lead to and the afrnths is no. if hillary clinton runs, she will get more support out of with the we'll wall street than anyone in the history of presidential campaigns. primarily people who are involved in large enterprises understand at the end of the someday a big government run by people who are fans of or supportive of crony corporatism is beneficial rose: her husband said the age of big government is over? >> at the end of the daterose reports 1996 election. >> you know and when the republicans won control of congress in 1994, to õ credit, he reached across the aisle and did something this president never did: welfare reform a number of other issues, but at the end both parties are guilty of this, and that is that at the end of the day the people who can afford to influence

government are all over the halls defendant capitol arguing in favor of bills that follow them. rose: what does the entry f it happens, mitt romney do do to the republican field? >> he has a vast network of supporters and raised a lot of money, certainly has the knowledge of being an experienced campaigner given the fact he has run two times for president. one as the nominee. i certainly think he will be a very credible candidate as will jeb and others who run. i think at the end of the day, however, this election, i believe, will ultimately come down to whether or not we are ready to turn the page as a country and moved in to the 21th century. rose: you argue romney and bush do not moved in to the 21st century? >> i am not arguing that today. >> that's an argument they will have to make, no matter who our nominee is and when they governed or when we were in around rose: is it more difficult for romney and bush to do that? >> i don't know. that's what the campaigns will be about.

in essence -- i believe the next president of the united states -- and i hope the next nominee of the republican party will be someone who can go before the american people and make the cases that i have tried to make here today. and that is the 21st century is here. the 20th century is over and never coming back. the nature of our economy is trefrmd transformed and we must transform with it in our policies and outlook. we need that sort of turn-the-page election in the country as long as we solve the 21st century problems with 20th century ideas, we are not going to make the leap forward rose: who is presents, the most 21st september try ideas in your judgment? >> other than me? reportsrose that's what you are trying to do. >> sure. rose: who -- >> that's the challenge before us. >> that's what a campaign will be about. a lot is about the horse race and who raises what. hopefully what will i think will decide this campaign is who offers the vision that uniforms republicans and americans behind a shared plan of action that ensures it is an american

century. reportsrose can your part win the presidency without an appeal to the hichs it community that has an increasing percentage of the voting public? >> the answer is no, but not for the reasons you are asking. in essence, i don't believe you have to have a hispanic message. rose: i didn't say that. yes say you had to have a hispanic message. i said can you win without attracting. >> we shouldn't want to win without attracting hispanic voters. rose: my question -- >> the ants is could you come up with a model? rose: if you do know better than mitt romney did in 2000? >> the numbers are the numbers. you have a fast-growing demographic group. yeah, 2000, a rapidly growing demographic group in key stakes and they are off of the table it's harder and harder to win. rose: when did we get a myth. >> it's not a monolith rose: we know that. they come from mexico, cuba, latin america. >> even cuban americans in new jersey have different political

views than cuban it is in miami and tampa. that's just in the cuban american community not as large as mexican americans and others. the biggest myth is somehow they wake up and all they think about is immigration. the truth is the most important issue in the hispanic community has to be economic mobility because you are talking about people, many who came not just for hopes for a better life for them but unlimited hor eyes options for their children and the fact that is becoming harder to achieve has many scared and quite frankly upset about the future. rose: no specific ideas that are simply tailored to the thips community. what you have to do is not taylor specific messages to them but that appeals to their economic mobility. if you do that you will win. but the fact is republicans have not done that, because they have not succeeded in terms of national elections.

>> fortunately -- reportsrose in doing that. >> i think there are still too many people in america that believe republicans and republican candidates do not care about people like this people that are struggle ling to make the bill. they think the republican party is the defenders of the status kwhoe who have made it and is the big business party rose: and the republican party doesn't reach out to them is what they think? >> that's part and parcel of what i have outlined. we can't let that continue because, first, it's not true. seconds of all, we have what i believe is an exciting agenda that's better for those who are trying to make it than the other side is offering. rose: what would cause you to make a decision not to run? >> if i conclude that the best place for me to achieve this agenda is in the senate. that would be it. you know, you say -- rose: it's hard for me to believe that, senator. >> it's true rose: if you feel like i can do more in the senate than the white house, there is no person i know who believes you can do more as a senator from florida as you can as president of the united states in terms of your

impact on the nation. >> because everyone, i think is at a different stage in their career and in their lives. for someone who is a governor coming out of office, someone no sir in the office, that's not even a choice they can make. for someone who actually holds the position starting to gaingain -- rose: you have to make a choice. it's either one or the other? >> correct. i think what i have argued is not where you can make the biggest difference. rose: over the long time of your career? >> at this stage in my career where could i have the biggest impact in achieving this agenda. rose reports we have seen a terrible attack in paris. we have seen the expansion of isis, isil in terms of the islamic state. they have more territory than anyone imagined. they are still in control in mosul, very large city in iraq. we have seen atrocities we never imagined. what ought to be -- and we see in boko haram in africa

terrible things with children. what ought to be the policy of this government to try to combat those kinds of terror and those kind of ex trooichl? >> the two-pronged approach. the first is clearly we have to have every intelligence teal at our disposal that's effectniv identifying potential plots both in the homeland and around the world and to try to disrupt them. we could not afford to diminish any intelligence gathering abilities. rose: you think the reaction went too far to snowden in terms of nas? >> absolutely. you have leading american policy makers and others telling people their phones are being listened to. it's not true and they know that it's not true. rose: so you would be -- in other words, you were perfectly satisfied with all of the things that snowden disclosed about america? >> some of the things snowden said are not true. some of the things snowden said

are simply not true. some of the things snowden says are things that are exaggerated. some of the things that snowden says are things that aren't troubling in my mind but concern me because they aretrieson. he has given to the islamic radical groups have changed the way they operate. : not just his disclosures but other disclosures. we need to have that. the second is these groups pos partner in safe haynes. that's how had a safe haven in afghanistan and moved it to the tribal areas of pakistan. now isis with a safe area in sir syria and iraq. they are being challenged. they are newly established safe haynes growing by the day is the prove incident of libya cherwhere there is no national government shooting at them, no rival rebel groups rose: among the malissueas? >> they need a safe haven in which to set up not just training camps. you cannot give these groups safe haven. we also can no longer be fooled

about the growing risk of high home-grown violent extremits, individuals who may never even travel to the middle east and become radicalized, "inspire magazine." an english language publication that just this month published detailed instructions to you how to build a non-metallic explosive. so you don't have to travel to syria to gain training on that. they have given you a manual online to do it. this is a new threat that we face. we have never faced something like this before. and i think it's present in this country today. there are of thousands of people around the world with the capability to carry out these attacks that are plotting to do so rose: are you surprised there has not been an attack on the united states since 9-11. >> not surprised reportsrose there have been efforts? >> i am not surprised because we have extraordinary men and women in the intelligence community and in law enforcement and our national security appear rat under the circumstances that have worked very hard to prevent that. i am not surprised because george w. bush put in place and this president has continued

anti-tear operations in the other parts of the world that have made it difficult for al-qaeda to operate. but i am also fully expect that at some point, there will be another terrorist attack of some magnitude in the homeland because it's a question of numbers. something is going to get through. we need to do everything we can to prevent that and to present numerous plots from taking plates. rose: you have been asked this a lot: should the president or the vice president or the secretary of state have been in paris? >> yes. i think that -- i understand why the president wouldn't have done it perhaps, you know when he travels it's an extraordinary package that moves with him but i thought they could have september the secretary of state. i thought they could have sent the u.n. am batsdor, eric holder in paris, george w. bush bill clinton as a representsive of the u.s. government. i think they have acknowledged it was at maicht. i am more interested long-term in the policies, how much. rose: good to have you here. >> thank you he is rose: mark o room yes's book,

the "the merge dream: restoring economic opportunity for everyone." "congress this week is awash with republicans as the 114 account congress convenes. the democrats lost the senate. republicans won nine seats, but the only republican who defeated an incumbent in a purple, blue, or democratic-leaning state was coloradots cory gardner. we are pleased to have you with us. thank you for having me. >> what you are your expectations for the congress? >> the big expectations for the people of the state. i mean we have to prove to the american people that we can govern that we can govern responsibly, that we can govern maturely. that's something i talked about for the past several months and the months leading to the election, and that means that we put ideas, practical ideas on the desk of the president, ideas that have support of republicans and democrats stlooek prove that we can regain the trust of the american people. >> let's talk about some of those in a minute. but you were first elected to the house in 2010. i remember your friend and

former house member, vin weber said one of the striking things about most new members that year -- wasn't talking about you -- was that they wraerment happy about coming to washington. it was an unpleasant duty. there was no sense or appreciation of the institution. is that the same thing with these newcomers. >> being a part of the class of 2010, you had a lot of people sent here with big ideas and big hopes just like we are in 2014. but i think sort of the practical pragmatism work ethic maybe it's a little different. they know the tough slog it will be over the next two years as we try to put ideas together, as we try to build that consensus and build that support. but i do think if you look at the people who are elected to the senate in particular there are some amazingly talented and incredibly smart people, dedicated public servants, business people going do a good job. >> many with political experiences. you are moving from the house where partisanship really is a way of life. i mean most votes

are along party lines. should the senate -- it only can be accomplished with bi-partisanship. you need 60 votes. does that change your approach senator? >> i think one of the things that i have learned over the past four years and particularly talking about during campaign was the need to cooperate the need to work with both sides of the aisle on ideas. so many times people are approaching a problem they agree was the same problem but with difficult ideas on how to address it. those are the areas where we have to work together to find those common solutions. you've got a problem with the economy, with balancing the budget. you have a problem, you know, you name it n foreign relations or in education. how do we address those problems that we all recognize in a way that we can put together the 60 votes, 50 votes, 51 votes, the votes needed to pass on to the president's desk? >> you also are going from representing one of the most conservative, the republican districts in the state of colorado to representing a state that, as we said earlier, really is, if anything,

democratic-leaning a different constituency. does that change your approach, change your views about issues? >> i think one of the things we have been attentive to is making sure we are up front, where we stand on policies like immigration, where we are in terms of economic policies and the people of colorado, i think, they are willing to make sure that, you know, maybe you disagree with them on this issue or that issue or they disagree with me on this issue or that issue, but the bottom line is this: as long as they believe that their elected official whether they are in the house or the senate, the governor's office, is actually trying to make progress, trying to move the ball forward, they are going to give you at a time benefit the of the doubt. >> i am struck by your optimism and washington hasn't seen a lot of optimism in the last decade or two. some of your republican colleagues, ted cruz in the senate, those 241 house members who voted against speaker boehner, they are not interested in getting things done as much as they are putting down

markers. isn't it more likely there will be a series of confrontations rather than any -- >> i think everybody is interested in getting things done. >> that's why we went here that's why people ran for congress in the first place. they got elected to actually everyone. maybe they have different gomes about what it is they want to accomplish, but i believe it is about making a better place here in washington here across the country. and tomorrow, than it is today. and the optimism, i think we have to contain. we have to grow. we can't contain it. excuse me. and here is why. the american people have struggled long enough. whether it's trying to find work they need for their families whether it's trying to find the kind of wages they need to make ends meet. they have enough to worry about. american families have enough to worry about. they have enough to think about. but what they don't want to think about, what they don't want to worry about, is the person that they sent to washington can actually make their lives better. they ought to know that we are doing that each and every day. that's why we have to be optimistic, why we have to remain this optimistic nation

that looks forward. only night, i talked about lifting our eyes to the robbery mountains. >> citying on the hill. >> the rocky mountain horizon. our country ought to be about a vision ought to be about a forward, upward vision. and again, give that to the american people makes our entire country better. >> one of the first orders of business of the senate is going to be to pass the accident scene pipeline. president obama said he will veto it. does that send a bad message from the white house? >> again i think this is an opportunity for us to put bills on the president's desk that have bi-partisan support. this is a bi-partisan bill out of the gate. >> do you think he set a bad tone? >> i think he set a bad tone. maybe he will change his mind. the bottom line is: the president has an opportunity to work with a congress that is willing to work with him and to find those areas where we can agree on. i believe the keystone pipeline should be one of those. it's nearly 70 percent of support by president american people. the keystone pipeline ought to be something the president can

em embrace with the congress. >> when republican leaders say one of the fits first things we are with going to do is repeal obamacare, is that a bad tone? >> we are going to put forward a revision to repeal obamacare. the american people i think agree to that. we. >> the president is most likely not going repeal a bill named obamacare. >> exactly. >> maybe there are enough democrats and republicans who realize what is in place is simply unworkable, that we will get to that point whether it's in two years or three years or four years. >> let me ask you about immigration because that's been a big issue in your state. there are some house republicans who are proposing now with the homeland security authorization that they would deny funding for obama's executive action in november and some will deny fuing for the dreamer's action in 2012. is that helpful? is that constructive?

>> i hope that we as republicans -- we as democrats in congress instead of saying no to this or that can come um to a solution to a problem that needs to be addressed. i will graduation is one of those issues we have a problem with. it needs to be addressed in this country. our system isn't working right now. it's broken, just saying no to something to me sent the way we have to go. i believe we have to do more. i believe what the president did even the president himself, has said, was wrong. he lacked the constitutional authority to do it, time and time again he said he lacked the leg authority to do what he did -- legal authorities to do what he did. >> they claim they have it now? >> a year ago, two years ago. >> you supported the dreamers action? didn't you? >> i believe that will be part of the solution but we have to start with a secure border, a guest worker program. those are things that the american people support. they want to show and it be proven that we can actually handle some of these bigger issues like border security now. >> do you think it's possible to get some kind of an accord that includes some legal status

through citizenship for almost all of the 11 million you know documented dreamers? >> i think at some point, that will be one of the solutions that is reached. but right now, republicans should put forward a bill that starts with border security, addresses a meaningful guest worker program because without a workable guest worker program, you do not have border security. let's put those nieces place and make sure they work and move forward to stluksz must be a part of the overall fix to immigration. >> you did well with latino voters this year for a republican. you really courted them, and you were very aggressive. but the party has a problem. do you worry that if you don't get this done, that that problem with the latino voters in the next presidential election will be greater? >> it's not about voters. it's not about what happens in 016 or 2018. it's about what happens to our country. our daughter our son will soon go to school. our daughter goes to school with a number of people who either parents came here without documentation or they, themselves, are here without

documentation. they go to school with our children. they are in our communities. they have made our country stronger. most of us are a nation higher because of immigration. and so how do we make these fixes that we know are in the best interest of our country? >> let me ask you about energy. lower oil prices i think, put something like $200000,000,000 in the consumer pockets like a huge tax cut. on the other hand it really is hurting some of the energy industry, some of which is in your state. on balance, have these lower oil prices been good for america? >> no one, i don't believe to date that i have received a slew of letters or e-mails complaining about the low price of oil. >> raise the price of oil? >> so far, the consumers decided lower gas prices is a good thing. nobody is complaining. >> let me ask you a colorado-specific question. marijuana legal in your state. as i understand it i think there are more dispensaries than there are starbucks? >> the attorney general i think john signature editors several

years ago now said that when the medical marijuana was just first underway, he said there were more medical marijuana dispensaries than starbucks and mcdonald's combined. >> my gosh? >> whether that's true today i am not sure. >> well, i gather because of federal law, federal drug laws, that most of the banks if not all of the banks won't take that money. so, therefore this is a billion dollar cash-only operation. should and can you change federal laws? >> i think that's a discussion congress has to have. it can't be ignored. one member from congress has introduced legislation to try to pursue that question. i am sure of the status in the senate. congress can't ignore it. >> would you like to see it. >> i would like to see the discussion. i would like to hear from the industry. i am not sure where i come down because i want to hear all side, from the banking industry the consumer law enforcement, safety, the governor, not had an in-depth conversation with the governor on this particular issue at this point. but we have to make sure that we

do what's right. the people of colorado made a decision. throughout the past year, since this amendment passed, i have stated that the founders of this nation that always intended states to be laboratories of democracy and colorado is deep in the heart of the laboratory right now. >> for sure. i want to ask you one question about the economy. the report came out friday morning that 600,000 jobs in the last two months, unemployment down to 5, 6. we are the envy of the world prior to now. i guess the question is: is there any danger congress will screw it up? >> look, never under estimate the ability of congress to screw something up. we have to make sure that we change that that that doesn't become the norm as it is previously excited about the numbers. however the labor participation rate remains about where it was, meaning there are many americans out of the workforce who simply have given up looking for work. they are out, they are not working anymore. historic high did remain historic highs. i think the key into our economy -- and this is parts of the people who voted for our

campaign, independent did, democrats who voted for cory gardner in november they have been working harder than ever. maybe they have two jobs. maybe they are in the same job. maybe they are looking for a better-paying job. they have been working harder than ever, but for the past 10, 15, 20 years, they are earning the same amount of money. and so while the haves have more the have not did have less. that's what's wrong with our economy. you scratch the numbers behind the economy and you get to the unevenness and the fact people are suffering. >> finally a highlight of the oath taking the other day was joe biden on the phone to your grandmother who told the vice president, i'm sorry i can't keep talking. i am watching my grandson being sworn in at the united states senator. did you talk to your grand moerp afterwards and say what did she think of joe biden? >> my grandmother has for about every hour now calling me asking me to you call the vice president and apologize to him for hanging up on him. >> have you done that? >> i have not done that.

>> my guess is joe biden loved it? >> joe biden loved it. she is 91 years old. she welded liberty ships in world war two and couldn't make it. she was heart broken she couldn't be here. i am grateful the vice president made that call. she told me she refused to go out of the house because she was so embarrassed? >> she shouldn't be. she should be proud of her grandson. thank you for being with us. we look forward to talking to you again, senator gardner. we will be back in just a minute. ♪♪ rose: marcos roberts is here at age 5 cataracts took away his eyesight. eyesight. he has spiernd a generation of aspiring jazz musicians. p wynton march salis calls him the genius of the modern me piano. it will be the excuse me of mark outputs roberts. he received an honorary doctor

of fine arts degree from the distinguished julyiard school. >> glad to be here rose: you are a professor of jazz at florida state. >> yes i am. it's been about 10 years now. rose: i remember at the time you told me about this and we talked about this transfer you were making to academia. >> right. rose: students interested in jazz, or do you have to create their enthusiasm. >> no. it's a funny thing. there is a certain set of them who seem to want to get into it and you can kind of identify it by their attitude and mostly by the discipline and amount of work they are willing to do. they come in. honestly even though i am in the classroom, i train people the way i have all my life. that's through getting them all in a room, base player t drurm, piano player and we work on the communicating principles of jazz, which people got to hear

each other. they got to listen, and he they've got to reconcile the oppositions of life through transcending it through like a cooperative attitude toward each other. rose: how has your music changed over the years? >> i think it has broadened the scope and range of influence because i think in order to influence people, you know, you've got to come from -- it's like if you are a writer, you probably want to read a lot of books. rose reports exactly. >> i tend to get in to more and more composers lately. i have gotten back into amaja amaja mald's music, a great influence of mine. i have been listening to a lot great classical pianists like horowitz and margaret ald rich and trying to create more sounds and tambres from the piano and my general philosophy of playing. rose: is the gift of being able

to improvise is that correct a learned skill, or is that something you are on born with. i think it could be either one or both. but even if you are born with it, it has to be cultivated like anything like a great chef might start off cook but to be a great chef you have to study a lot of things about relationship of food and ingredients. with improvisation, the biggest difficulty in jazz is while you are playing, you need to be able to have a mind that can still comprehend what other folks are trying to do. and en though you might not like what somebody is playing, you have to make it sound good and not get in the way with your individual agenda. that's what makes jazz nor democratic in terms of relating to our constitution and the principles of our country because we ultimately have an individual agenda and a per perspective and approach but we

have to put it inside of a shared common purpose. rose: when did you know, markus, that you had genius, whatever you want to call it? >> well, i was a pretty self-confident kid. i probably was thinking that at 6 or 7 or 8 years old. rose: that you had a gift? >> yeah. i think so. you know the first time i went to a piano, i was able to play something. yes really even know what it was, but it sounded good to me. so every chance i could get to a piano from around age 5 or 6 or so, i took it. so that's what motiviated my folks to bite the bullet and buy a piano when i was yale and a half t rose: you said they will own thelonius monk is the picasso of the piano. >> his improvisation on group playing, on one level, it's real folk-oriented and there is a lot

of the history there but he has his own individual completely individual approach that is -- that was hard for me to envision. a lot didn't like to play with him because they didn't understand what he was doing but and they thought it was not quite what it was because they didn't understand it. but over time of course people figured it out. rose: "60 minutes" actions, you were with wynton marsalis. how long have you known each other? >> since '82 or '83. it's been a long time. we started playing together. both lines. >> you joined his sextet in '85? >> yeah, we started in june of '85. you know the funny thing is we were first of all interested in being able to play music right and approach the vision that we had based on understanding more about it. so we would listen to each other

play and we were very critical in that group. i mean we would not -- if somebody was wrong, somebody would just tell you. and nobody had an attitude about it. nobody was upset about it. so when i work with young people now, this is what i try to encourage, is be honest with each other about what you are really hearing and what you really think and try to resolve your conflicts through like a respectful attitude and a candid approach. rose: was it wynton who turned you on to jellyroll? >> it was. he put on some jellyro willau and i think he was playing "jungle blues." i had not heard anything like that new orleans piano but some sounded like goes fellow church music to me -- gospel church music rose: here is where wynton gives awe musical test? >> we gave him a test t clear tunes

tunes. >> "america, the beautiful," for example. ♪ >> first, as it might have might have been played by erol gardner, a legend from half a century ago. ♪ >> what about james p johnson? ♪ >> in the early 20th century, johnson took ragtime and made it swing. ♪ >> what about it. helonious monk? >> monk was the modern, the picasso of the piano. ♪ >> what about duke? >> duke would be: ♪

>> duke ellington, one of the pillars he have american music in 1975, and it changed his life. rose: how did it change your life? >> i had never heard the piano being used the way duke was using it, like those complicated chord did the hiprithims, the swing, the pulse, the groove, the dance element. i just had never heard anything like it, and, you know, all of the popular music i was growing up listening to and checking, i liked it, i loved it. i understood it completely. i knew exactly with a it was. it didn't take a week to learn like a pop record but cubingduke i had no clue what that was and thought i have to figure this out. rose: what is it you think you miss most about not having site having /-+* sight? >> the ability to conduct a great symphony orchestra rose: really. >> or simple things like driving

to the store. reportsrose living and at the same time the highest experience of he knew lens? >> yeah. and i guess really even more any of those things, to be able to absorb at a glance what's really in your immediate environment and to just enjoy the beauty of the world, like from a visual point of view. like when people go sight-seeing you look at the backdrop of a grating cathedral or like a mountain top or something. i think there is something in man where when you can confirm that you are very small in this big, big world i think it does help to keep people kind of on pace and connected with a certain kind of spiritual thing, which vision, if you use it correctly, can really help you out a lot with that. rose: at this stage in your life, what's the great ambition? >> the great ambition now is to refine and continue to develop and really focus on teaching young people continuing to

become a bert pianist and, you know, ultimately enjoy being an artist. i get to play in front of people every night. it's an absolute honor and privilege. i think i have a lot more appreciation for it than i did when i was much younger. rose: if someone has the time and you have the time and whatever else it would take i mean could you teach most people to play the piano? >> no. reportsrose -- rose: no? because they don't have something. >> the piano. i used to love the saxophone but the piano, there is so much literature and the kind of coordination, the physical coordination you have to have to play this ininstrument and to understand it, i have been doing it over 40 years as, and i still feel like i am very much at the beginning of what that instrument has to offer. rose: you are getting better and better. >> i hope so. i am practicing as much as i can to do that.

rose: gerswints song, "someone to watch over me" means what to you? >> first of all, it's a beautifully lyric, a beautiful melody. when i play it, i am interested in colors that are just beautiful, subtle. reportsrose i think you have said -- rose: i think you said the song is a way to remember your parents and teachers and fellow musicians who watched over you. >> absolutely. rose: and have given you a pathway? >> no doubt about it because my mom, she is blind as well. she never allowed -- so the fact i don't consider myself a victim a lot is due to her and both of my folks. so, i think it's when you think of the people who have been good to you, mentoring you, that's part of what i guess makes you want to kind of reciprocate that. you are right. a lot of people are involved in any person's success

rose: are you on the road much touring. >> quite a bit. toung teaching, all over the plates. i got a chance to reconnect in japan and i have been commissioned to write a piece after his 80th birthday. i have to use a lot of special technology to get that done because i have to write it with full orchestra and produce a score he can look at and read. rose: i will roll tape. let me see this. [video clip.] >> this performance a few years back that marcus calls one of the greatest experiences of his life, playing his take on george gerswhwin's before 18 people. ♪ -- before 18,000 people.

♪ a lot of it is improvised spur-of-the-moment. ♪gerschwin not a bad pianist, himself, would have been knocked out. ♪ rose: man, that was good. you communicate with the conductor or he communi indicates with you simply with the music? >> yeah. yeah. and that's -- that used to scare a lot of conductors when i first started doing it. and sage, we helped each other because he wanted to get into jazz and i wanted to kind of have some interchange between glaz jazz and classical music. we go through the piece, pick the tempos. i explain how i am going to come

out of each queue. there is a lot of trust because i am not looking at him. if he is trying to get my attention, the only way he can do it is through that orchestra. so it's really -- i mean i like a challenge like that. i think it keeps you sharp, keeps your reflexes. >> professor marcos roberts, genius marcos roberts, thank you for joining us. see you next time. for more about this program and early episodes visit us orlando at cbs.org and charlierose.com. ♪ captioning sponsored by rose communications

captioned by media access group at wgbh access.wgbh.org rose: funding for "charlie rose" has been provided by the coca-cola company supporting this program since 2002. america express. additional funding provided by: >> and by bloomberg a provider of multi-media news and information services worldwide. >> you are wat

report" with tyler mathisen and sue herera. 1e6r. stocks flood the bond market on concerns over the health of the global economy. is the u.s. strong enough to withstand weakness overseas? retail route. many thought consumers would spend all that money that they've been saving from cheap gas but today we found out they didn't. and the houston of canada. how the dropping crude at the heart of canada's industry. all that and more tonight on "nightly business report" for wednesday, january 14th. >> good evening, everyone. another rough and unpredictable day on wall street with the major averages falling for the fourth straight session amid concerns about the strength of the u.s. consumer