captioning sponsored by wnet >> sreenivasan: on this edition for sunday april fifth. easter sunday, heightened security at churches throughout kenya following al shabab's terror attack on christian university students there. a top obama administration negotiator insists iran will not be able to cheat on the nuclear deal, despite new warnings from the israeli prime minister. and in our signature segment, the newshour's jeffrey brown sits down with elisabeth moss to talk about her portrayal of peggy on mad men and her latest role in the heidi chronicles on broadway. luckily right now there seems to be a little bit of a resurgence of feminism.

next on pbs newshour weekend. >> pbs newshour weekend is made possible by: corporate funding is provided by mutual of america-- designing customized individual and group retirement products. that's why we are your retirement company. additional support is provided by: and by the corporation for public broadcasting and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. from the tisch wnet studios in lincoln center in new york hari sreenivasan. >> sreenivasan: good evening. thanks for joining us. it was a day of celebration reflection and remembrance in kenya today as millions of christians there observed easter just days after al shabab islamic extremists targeted christian students at a

university and killed more than 140 of them. the newshour's william brangham has more. >> this was the scene outside churches in the capital city of nairobi today, as worshippers gathered to attend easter sunday mass. and this was in the scene at churches in garissa. a city of 120,000 people closer to the border of somalia, where masked gunmen from the al-qaeda affiliated terror group gunned down christian students and spared muslims. the catholic bishop there said today everyone is still shaken by the attacks, but one of his parishioners in this overwhelmingly christian country said she relied on her faith to ease her fears. >> easter is symbolic, it is time that you remember how jesus went through and how he was tempted. it is not that we are safe but we trust in him and we believe he is going to give us protection. >> sreenivasan: there were also emotional reunions last night as some of the students who

survived the attack were reunited with loved ones. at least i'm grateful my friends are here at least we can share this moment with me. but today, other grieving families visited mortuaries to identify the bodies of their children. the country is in the middle of a three-day mourning period. kenyan president has vowed to respond to the attacks in the severest way possible. today, one of the slain attackers was identified as a former law student. he was the son of a government official who had gone missing. at the vatican today pope francis called attention to recent attacks by islamic extremists against christians to the own in kenyan but iraq and syria. >> we ask jesus, the victor over death, to lighten the sufferings of our many brothers and sisters who are persecuted for his name, and of all those who suffer injustice as a result of ongoing conflicts and violence - and there are many.

>> sreenivasan: the debate over the recently announced nuclear deal between the world's leading powers and iran played out again today on the sunday talk shows. during a series of appearances this morning, israeli prime minister benjamin netanyahu reiterated his opposition to the agreement with the shiite muslim regime in tehran and warned that the deal will prompt iran's sunni muslim rivals in the region to produce their own nuclear weapons. >> i think one of the unfortunate, even tragic results of this deal, if it goes through, is that it would spark an arms race among the sunni states, a nuclear arms race in the middle east, and the middle east criss-crossed with nuclear trip wires is a nightmare for the world. >> sreenivasan: on cbs' "face the nation," u.s. energy secretary ernest moniz, himself a nuclear scientist and a key negotiator with the iranians defended the agreement, arguing that international inspectors will have such broad access to iran's facilities that there's little chance the iranians could cheat and develop a bomb secretly. >> what this means is they will have access not just to the

declared facilities, but also to undeclared sites, even sites that don't have nuclear materials. once we establish the suspicion. iran will have a very short time to grant access to that facility or will be judged out of compliance. >> sreenivasan: on the same broadcast, republican senator lindsey graham of south carolina argued that congress must have the final say on whatever deal is finally hammered out. >> i think congress will require any deal negotiated with the iranians to come to the congress for our review before we lift congressional sanctions. i support the idea of giving them time to put the deal together but i insist congress review the deal debate and vote on it before it becomes final. >> sreenivasan: iran stock >> sreenivasan: the prospect of an end to international economic sanctions against iran because of the nuclear deal has sent stock prices soaring there. stocks on the tehran stock exchange were up nearly 7% this weekend, the first two days of trading following news of the

tentative agreement. they are now at an 18-month high. all this from the official iranian news agency. iran, of course, is working alongside the united states in the fight against isis. despite being ousted recently from saddam hussein's hometown of tikrit, the extremist group made important new gains this weekend in syria, taking control of an area near damascus. part of what is driving isis's success is the growing role of former officials from saddam hussein's military, members of the once dominant baathist party. they are now playing a key role within isis. liz sly of the washington post wrote about this and joins us now via skype from beirut lebanon. first of all, how are they involved? where are they involved? and what role does they play is this. >> well they're involved in every level of the senior leadership, most of the senior leadership are farmer baathists, officers in the army senior leaders of icist served in saddam hussein army they left their jobs after the deba'athification in 2003. they went to various-- with

insurgency, maybe they left the insurgency maybe they went back but in the past few years we've seen an aggressive attempt by the current leader of isis to recruit them into the links of isis. and really the organization is run and controlled by iraqis. >> srennivasan: now there were two big rounds of deba'athification we took them out in 200 by the u.s. governmentnd again in 2011 by maliki the prime minister. so what did that do and how did that contribute to those leadership positions in isis being served by these farmer baathists. >> the deba'athification of 2003 i think the consequences of that are quite known. pem know that about 700,000 iraqis have been serving in the army were sent home they were not eligible for future employment. they kept their guns but they weren't allowed to join in the military again and that created a ready pool of

recruits. so all the different insurge ent groups. the second in 2011 is less well-known. after the americans left maliki started to fire even some of the ones that they had tried to rehabilitate realizing that it wasn't such a good idea to have these guys out there without jobs, without contributing to society. and it meant really very easy for those guys to just go and sign up with isis because they felt they had no other choice but to fight for their fought because they didn't have another future. >> srennivasan: liz sly of the wash continue post joining us via skype, thank you very much. >> thank you. >> sreenivasan: six ukrainian soldiers were killed today, the latest breakdown in the cease- fire between pro-russian separatists and ukrainian government forces. government officials said four of the soldiers died when they were fired on by the rebels near lugansk, an insurgent stronghold. the other two died near the government-held port city of mariupol, when their vehicle hit an anti-tank mine.

indiana has implemented a needle exchange program to try to curb what is believed to be the largest outbreak of drug-related hiv transmission in the state's history. governor mike pence approved the plan for scott county in the southern part of the state by signing an emergency executive order. it will be in effect for 30 days. nearly 90 cases of hiv among drug users have been reported there. legislation signed into law by governor sam brownback will allow kansans 21 and older to carry concealed weapons without getting training or permits first. the bill goes into effect july first. six other states, arkansas alaska, arizona, montana wyoming and vermont, have similar laws on the books. and just days after indiana found itself in the middle of a national debate about possible gay discrimination, honey maid which makes graham crackers, yesterday broadcast a television ad featuring two gay men as parents. the ad aired during the final four basketball tournament semifinals, which were played in indiana's capital city of indianapolis. we wanted to spend a few minutes

tonight talking about an aspect of the recently concluded nuclear talks with iran that you might have heard much less about. we're referring to the role other countries involved in the talks from western europe played in the negotiations, and also the roles played by russia and china. and another question: what will the tentative deal mean for all of them? for more, we are joined now by gary sick. he served the national security council staff under presidents ford, carter and reagan. he was the principal white house aide for iran during the iranian revolution and the hostage crisis and is the author of two books on u.s.-iran relations, he now teaches international affairs at columbia university. it is still constructed as a conversation between the united states and iran. and today the new cycle is primarily about fact sheets and what are the differencesment but there were other parties at the table. and they were integral to this happening. >> it's a funny thing because, well the reason the u.s. is so important is the u.s. had vetoed deals in

the past. so without us it was never going to happen. but at the same time united states as the sort of lead negotiators had really a four-part negotiation to go on. one with i ran one with the -- heads of the security council russia china, so forth. one with the u.s. congress and another one with countries like israel and saudi arabia who are terribly skeptical about the wol thing. and keeping all of that balanced at all times was really pretty astonishing. >> srennivasan: so what do the european country the u.k. and ger manny get out of this deal? >> you know an a funny thing, this is kind of a revenge on benjamin netanyahu. he has for years been scaring everybody to death that there was going to be another war in the middle east. that israel was going to launch a unilateral attack against a ran and so forth to the point where all of these countries said anything is better than having another war in the middle east. so let's actually cooperate with each other put something together that

works, and i think that's where we are. and the fact that netanyahu is unhappy with the result is kind of ironic. but it's the reality of where we actually happen to be. >> i didn't mention france in that question. but france said as soon as the negotiations were over they were towing a harder line. what do they want out of it sm. >> well they've become a little more idea logical in the process it wasn't so much that they have anything specific to gain that france would gain that germany would not or that the british would not. i mean basically the europeans were in this together. it was-- it was you know chaired by the head of the eu foreign minister basically. and so this was not something that they were in it competing with each other. but each country was there because of its own national interests. i think the first thing was that they all really wanted to avoid another war in the middle east and they saw this as the way to do it. and they were prepared to pay a certain price for that. in fact most of the countries involved have paid a much higher pris than we have. and because many of them

have much greater trade with iran. they had more to lose. their companies had to pull out. and they weren't happy about it. but they did it. and so they have actually paid a price to get to this point. >> so what about russia and china? >> well russia doesn't really want a nuclear armed iran on its southern borderment i think basically when you talk about what could be hit actually moscow is a lot closer than say rome. so it was actually-- in their self-interest to make sure that iran didn't get a nuclear weapon. though i'm not sure they really thought that iran was about to get a nuclear weapon. they also wanted both countries, i think wanted to keep the united states on their side. they have deals that they want to do on other issues including things like the crimea and you crane and with china a series of issues about human rights and the south china sea. they need to be able to work with the americans.

and they also knew that in this case you had to work with the americans or it didn't work. basically the united states had put this coalition together. the obama administration president obama personally had put together the greatest coalition in history in a peacetime environment of putting together sanctions on one country. and that was all held together by the obama administration. and everybody knew that to undo that and to actually make any progress you had to have the americans on board. >> gary sick of columbia university, thank you so much. >> pleasure to be with you. >> sreenivasan: tonight marks the beginning of the end for the hit series "mad men." the final seven episodes air on amc. the popular series about a madison avenue advertising agency debuted in 2007 and actress elisabeth moss has been a pivotal cast member since the

beginning. but with the series coming to an end, she is looking to broadway and beyond to extend her career of playing strong, complicated women. she sat down recently with the newshour's jeffrey brown. >> brown: in the hit series," mad men", peggy, the secretary turned ad executive played by elisabeth moss, is a character from the 1960's who somehow still speaks to our own time. >> i always try to be honest. >> brown: she's hugely flawed, very insecure, also very smart. develops a great sense of humor. really good at her job. horrible at her personal life. >> that's it? >> what do you want me to say? >> that you give a damn. >> she's-- there's a lot of us in her, you know? and i think that people identify with that. >> brown: people seem to be identifying a lot with elisabeth moss these days: the 32-year-old actress is on a major career role. >> thank you. >> brown: and now she's on broadway, playing another smart and strong, flawed and insecure

woman: heidi holland in the first broadway revival of wendy wasserstein's 1989 pulitzer prize winning play, "the heidi chronicles". the play takes us through various episodes in the life of one woman, from the 1960s through the 'i80s, as she makes her way through the political and social upheavals of the times-- sexual liberation and the rise of feminism, the devastation of aids, and more. >> i mean, i practically said yes before i even read the play, which i hadn't read. >> brown: well, i was wondering, did you know it before? >> no, i knew of it, but i hadn't read it because i didn't go to drama school or anything. i didn't go to college, which is where you tend to read that kind of thing. >> brown: you didn't go to drama school. you didn't go to college. >> no. >> brown: what were you doing? >> "the west wing" ( laughter ) >> brown: playing the president's daughter on "the west wing" wasn't the first tv gig for the then-17-year-old actress, who was born in los angeles. >> i don't mind being woken up. >> brown: moss has been growing up on screen, appearing in film

and television since the age of eight, early roles included "baby louise" in a 1993 television version of the musical "gypsy." >> brown: as well as 'ipolly', the burn victim in the 1999 film, "girl, interrupted." >> i feel very musical today. >> peter, you need a girlfriend. >> brown: in "heidi," moss says, she's latched onto another "every-woman." >> i think there's a lot of me in her. i think a lot of women can see themselves in her. she's not perfect. she's complicated. very self-aware, very self- deprecating. and sad a lot of the time. >> brown: "the heidi chronicles" originally opened off-broadway in 1988 with actress joan allen in the title role. it quickly moved to broadway where it went on to win the tony award for best play. it's continued to be a popular production on regional and college stages for its honest discussion about whether women

can "have it all" as they struggle to navigate personal relationships, professional aspirations, and motherhood. julie salamon is author of" wendy and the lost boys", a biography of playwright wendy wasserstein, who died in 2006. >> everything that happens in that play was so close to what was going on in wendy wasserstein's life, which happened to reflect what was going on with a whole generation of women. >> susie, do you ever feel that what makes you a person is also what keeps you from being a person? >> brown: can a woman have it all, career, family, children, marriage, etc.? >> right. well, somebody once said to me," you may be able to have it all, but not all at the same time." and i think at the time wendy was writing this, you know, the women's movement had gone from say in the 'i70s, where women were supposed to be very focused on their careers and jobs and

equality, and then all of a sudden it flipped in the mid- 80's. it's like, 'iyes, you're supposed to do all that and raise perfect children who go to the best schools and are fantastic.' and i think those were the things that wendy wasserstein was grappling with. >> i don't blame any of us. we're all concerned, intelligent, good women. >> brown: elisabeth moss says it was a big speech in the second act, when heidi holland has been asked to speak at her high school alma mater that helped her find her way into the character. it's a speech questioning whether or not she made the right decisions in her personal and professional life. >> i thought the point was, we were all in this together. >> it's a beautiful speech. i think that this feeling of-- and especially of this generation of that "i thought we were having this thing together. i thought we were not making

choices together. and so i did that. and now, i'm alone." and she feels, as she says, she feels stranded. >> brown: moss, from a later generation, says the "have it all" issue still resonates for her. >> i mean, the thing that i find most interesting about that phrase is that men are never asked it. and because men are never questioned whether they can have it all, they just can. >> brown: and yet you don't, do you think things have changed that much, or not so much? >> i don't think it's that black and white. i think it's very gray, as all things are. there's just so many more ways that you can go or not go, which is how i think we've definitely improved. but obviously there are still things that resonate. there is still a clock that starts ticking as a woman, when you get to a certain age. there nothing anyone can do about that. there is still tremendous problems with equal pay for women. >> brown: those same issues, of course, have played out in moss'

character, peggy olson, in "mad men." >> what the hell do i know about being a mom? i just turned 30, don. >> brown: do you see a connection between peggy and heidi? >> absolutely. absolutely. but i see a connection between both of them, and all women, and myself, you know? i always thought peggy was the every-woman. i always thought that she was the one who is-- you could identify with, you know, as a woman of any age. and i think that heidi is the same way in that sense. they're very different people though. >> brown: have you ever thought about what would have happened to her through time? >> to peggy? >> brown: yeah. >> yes. >> brown: yeah, and? >> it would be difficult to say without-- saying things that i can't say about the last season. speculating about what happened to her is like-- well, we know what happened to those women, you know? they continued to work.

and sometimes they got married. and sometimes they didn't. sometimes they had kids. sometimes they didn't. and-- they became the women who were our bosses. they became the women who forged the path for all the other ladies in advertising now. >> see, this is why i don't like working with women- you have no sense of humor. >> you're fired. >> brown: and where does elisabeth moss hope to see herself, post-peggy olson? >> no, get your things. >> i would like to just be able to keep working and keep working with people that i admire. i love film, television and theater. so i would love to do all three. if i could just keep doing that, that would be a pretty good life. >> sreenivasan: the final seven episodes of mad men will begin airing tonight on amc; 'ithe heidi chronicles,' is scheduled to run on broadway until august. take a behind-the-scenes video tour of the mad men exhibit at the museum of the moving image

in new york city. visit at facebook.com/newshour. >> sreenivasan: when rio de janeiro was awarded next summer's olympic games back in 2009, the organizers of the games made a promise, to clean up the trash and sewage in the notoriously polluted guanabara bay, where sailing and wind- surfing events will take place. but with the games fast approaching, rio's mayor acknowledged recently that the promised 80% cleanup would not be completed in time. in the last six years, rio has spent millions of dollars on the cleanup. despite that, sailors who participated in test events last summer said they came upon a floating sofa and a dead dog in the water. and earlier this year, inspectors found thousands of dead fish washed up on its shores of the bay, about seven miles from where the sailing compexurjn rio officials are insisting that the olympic event route, which will take place in a less

polluted area of the bay, will be safe. the goal now is to have the sailing lanes cleaned by august for the next test event. an art exhibition called achados da guanabara which translates to "found in guanabara" is trying to call attention to the problem, by putting trash from the bay on display in a shopping mall. the objects in the exhibition have symbolic "price tags" to represent the environmental cost of the waste. >> ( translated ): there is a big problem in terms of educating the population that water is not rubbish. >> sreenivasan: it may take some convincing, it is estimated that 70% of untreated sewage from rio, including its surrounding municipalities, flows into the guanabara bay. this past december, specialists from a rio health research institute announced they found a drug-resistant "super bacteria" in the waters where the olympic sailing events will be held. despite that, carlos nuzman, head of the brazilian olympic committee said recently "the area of competition for the

olympic games will be ready." >> more news, the international red cross says it will begin a humanitarian mission to yemen tomorrow. more than 500 people have been killed there this the past two weeksment one was a 45-year-old yemeni american. the undefeated kentucky wildcats were beaten by businesses with in the ncaa basketball tournament semifinals last night police arrested more than 30 people in lexington for public intoxication and disorderly conduct. and tonight is the start of the 2015 major league baseball season. the st. louis cardinal plays cubs in chicago. the cubs trying for their first championship in 170 year. on pbs newshour monday a you report on what went wrong with rolling stone's reporting on an alleged uva rap case. that is it for this edition

of nbs newshour weekend. i'm hari sreenivasan captioning sponsored by wnet captioned by media access group at wgbh access.wgbh.org >> pbs newshour weekend is made possible by: corporate funding is provided by mutual of america-- designing customized individual and group retirement products. that's why we are your retirement company. additional support is provided by: and by the corporation for public broadcasting and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you.

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