captioning sponsored by newshour productions, llc >> ifill: opening up the arctic. the obama administration gives the green light for the shell oil company to start drilling off the coast of alaska. good evening, i'm gwen ifill. >> woodruff: and i'm judy woodruff. also ahead this monday: heavy artillery and rocket fire in yemen. clashes intensify ahead of a cease-fire that will allow desperately needed medical supplies and food aid into the war-torn nation. >> ifill: liberia is declared ebola-free. we talk to a doctor still coping with health problems after surviving the deadly virus. >> my brain failed and my kidney failed and my lungs failed and i

needed sort of a level of critical care that really had never been given to that degree before. >> woodruff: plus, an alarming increase in food allergies, and the experimental research showing promise to diminish the chance of a life-threatening attack. >> these kids are being so desensitized. we buy any product we want. the other kids birthday parties, if they're alone, they eat the cake. restaurants, everything. >> ifill: those are some of the stories we're covering on tonight's pbs newshour. >> major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by:

♪ ♪ ♪ moving our economy for 160 years. bnsf, the engine that connects us. >> lincoln financial-- committed to helping you take charge of your life and become you're own chief life officer. >> and the william and flora hewlett foundation, helping people build immeasurably better lives. >> and with the ongoing support of these institutions and... >> this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting. and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. >> woodruff: the death toll rose to at least five today after a line of tornadoes ripped across five states on sunday. two people were killed in nashville, arkansas, and two others died around van, texas, 70 miles from dallas, where

three people were still missing. people in van spent the day picking up the pieces after nearly a third of the town was damaged or destroyed, including as many as a hundred homes. scores of people were injured. >> it's a terrible thing for a city to come out like we did but it's a great thing the way the people have responded. we were here last night when it hit. we were here all night and we're still here, and a bunch of us still are. we lost a lot of good properties but it's just something that you never expect but we'll be working on it diligently. >> woodruff: another death was blamed on flooding in texas in corsicana after 11 inches of rain fell over the weekend. >> ifill: the national football league suspended patriots quarterback tom brady for four games next seasoner following findings brady was at least generally aware game balls

were being deflated below standards. the patriots will pay a $1 million fine and forfeit two draft picks. >> ifill: residents of hattiesville, mississippi paid tribute today to two police officers killed over the weekend. liquori tate and benjamin deen were shot to death saturday night during a traffic stop. four suspects have been arrested. initial court appearances were this afternoon. >> woodruff: jail records in baltimore are raising more questions about how city police handle suspects. that follows the death of freddie gray, who suffered a severe spinal injury after his arrest. "the baltimore sun" reports that since mid-2012, nearly 2,600 detainees were brought to jail with injuries too severe for them to be admitted. >> ifill: and the united states was forced to defend its record today on the use of force by police. the u.n. human rights council cited high-profile cases involving the deaths of black suspects. it also pressed for abolishing the death penalty and closing the detention center at guantanamo bay.

>> woodruff: european union officials are now offering a plan for distributing the wave of migrants from north africa and the middle east. and, the e.u.'s foreign policy chief laid out a separate plan today to cut off the flow of migrants. jonathan rugman of independent television news reports. >> reporter: in the calm seas of the mediterranean another boatload of desperate migrants seeking sanctuary in europe. around 800 of them drowned last month. forcing britain and its e.u. partners to treble the search and rescue effort. this afternoon the e.u.'s top diplomat appealed to the u.n. security council to back a new u.n. resolution authorizing force.

making sure that they cannot be used again and making sure the assets of the organizations are destroyed. >> reporter: the russians might veto a resolution. >> but the russians might veto a resolution. destroying fishing boats would also mean destroying legitimate livelihoods. if a ship is flagged you need the flag state's permission to sink it, while traffickers can replace rubber dinghies easily and at little cost. and though this man purports to be libya's prime minister, he is not internationally recognized as such. >> two warring parties in libya. which one do you broach? if you broach one and not the other you get into debates. >> reporter: huge and not practical. >> hugely impractical and probably not deliverable by the military in huge form. but the alternative to sinking ships isn't easy either. follow the criminal money chain across africa. end the continents' wars and invest in its people so that they no longer want to leave. >> ifill: meanwhile, in asia

well over 1,000 refugees from bangladesh and myanmar came ashore in malaysia and indonesia during the past few days. many are rohingya muslims fleeing discrimination in myanmar. authorities estimate 25,000 people attempted the voyage from january through march, twice as many as a year ago. >> woodruff: back in this country, lawyers for convicted boston marathon bomber dzhokhar tsarnaev rested, in the penalty phase of the trial. their final witness was sister helen prejean, who wrote "dead man walking." she's met with tsarnaev, and says he appears genuinely remorseful. closing arguments are wednesday. >> ifill: former c.i.a. officer jeffrey sterling was sentenced today to three and a half years in federal prison in a high- profile leak case. he'd been convicted of telling "new york times" journalist james risen about a plan to disrupt iran's nuclear program. >> woodruff: new york governor andrew cuomo called today for a task force to investigate nail salons, and for health

regulations to safeguard workers. a "new york times" series last week found many manicurists are being forced to work long hours, amid toxic chemicals for little pay. >> ifill: general motors now confirms least 100 people have died in crashes caused by faulty ignition switches in its vehicles. the announcement today said their families will be offered at least at $1 million each in compensation. another 184 people who were injured in crashes are also eligible for payments. >> woodruff: and on wall street, stocks could not maintain friday's rally. the dow jones industrial average lost 86 points to close near 18,100. the nasdaq fell 10 points, and the s&p 500 dropped nearly 11. >> ifill: still to come on the newshour: opening up the arctic to offshore oil and gas drilling. fighting intensifies in yemen as some, but not all, arab leaders

prepare to come to washington. a doctor on life after personally surviving ebola. promising new research to eliminate life-threatening reactions to food allergies. the week ahead in politics with amy walter and tamara keith. and, denmark works with parents to stop the radicalization of their children. >> woodruff: the obama administration has essentially cleared the way to allow royal dutch shell to begin drilling for oil and gas in the arctic ocean this summer. it's one of the most consequential and long-awaited drilling decisions from the government. shell is seeking approval to drill in the american portion of the chukchi sea off the coast of alaska. environmental groups have long warned of the dangers of doing so. estimates show there may be as much as 22 billion barrels of

oil and 93 trillion cubic feet of natural gas in the area. reporter coral davenport covers this for the "new york times" and joins me from its washington bureau. coral davenport welcome. help us understand a little better what area we're talking about. exactly where is it, how large is it, what does it look like? >> judy, it's a very big portion of the arctic ocean. the part they're looking at where shell leases are about 70 miles off the coast of alaska. it is a pristine untouched area. it is home to has habitats of several rare species large mammals, migrating habitats for whales, feeding habitats for walrus. it's also a very treacherous area -- extreme storms waves up

to 50 feet high, completely frozen over with ice in the winter. so this is a very remote very treacherous, almost completely untouched area. >>area. >> woodruff: so understanding the environmental objections, we know shell has had difficulties in the past with some drilling and similar circumstances. what has shell said it's going to do to protect the environment? >> so this is not the first time the administration has given a go aheadto shell to drill in the area. it gave a permit to shell to explore to see what's in the area. they went in the summer of 2012. they were plagued that whole period with safety problems, operational problems. they had two rigs that we went to ground that had to be towed away. the administration said they would not reissue a permit to shell until they had gone back,

assured they would upgrade their safety and operations procedures. in the meantime the administration had also put forth new strilg drilg safety regulations that anyone drilling will have to follow. environmental groups say despite the promises, assurances and new regulations on the part of the administration, this area is so treacherous to drill and so pristine that they fear that it's still an accident waiting to happen. >> woodruff: well, what else should we know about why the administration has agreed to do this? oil prices are certainly down, the spree is up. what's -- the supply is up. what iswhat the administration saying is the rationale? >> well, some of this is build in. these are areas -- the federally-owned portions of land were sold by the bush administration to be drilled, to be leased so shell paid for its lease to drill during the bush administration. they applied for a permit to use

that lease to go in and drill it. if the obama administration had ignored that permit or had, you know just completely denied it, shell absolutely would have sued. if they were to have taken away the permit, they would have to give shell back the money they paid for it, so some of this was just a matter of the obama administration had to with what was on its plate. again, nonetheless, environmental groups are surprised and say could it have found some kind of way not to do this. it really is still a very striking piece of this president's environmental legacy. >> woodruff: but this does coral davenport, essentially clears the way for this to happen and we understand, this summer, there is not much else that could take place in the meantime in the courts or elsewhere to stop this? >> right. to be clear, what the administration gave today was a

conditional approval. they cleared the last sort of second-to-last -- and sort certainly the last major hurdle for shell to move forward. it gave it on condition shell made sure it gets the rest of its local and state-level permits. the company said it's moving forward with doing that. that will be the absolute final. but people i've talked to said this is 95% of the way they're -- and the big piece everyone was waiting for to see which way it would go is the decision by the obama administration. >> woodruff: a story everyone is watching. coral davenport with the "new york times." thank you. >> thanks so much judy. >> ifill: fighting raged across yemen today on land and in the air, in the countdown to a cease-fire. in recent weeks, more than 1,400 people have been killed, and

150,000 forced to flee, in what's become a proxy war between saudi arabia and iran. chief foreign affairs correspondent margaret warner begins our coverage. >> warner: hours before the truce was to begin, saudi armored vehicles moved toward the border, after clashing with yemen's shiite houthi rebels. there was no indication that any ground assault was imminent. meanwhile, a houthi television channel showed the apparent wreckage of a moroccan f-16 fighter jet, part of the saudi aerial coalition. the houthis said they shot it down, and showed what was purported to be the pilot's i.d. card. still, the bombing continued with reports of a major coalition air strike on a weapons depot in yemen's capital, sanaa. marie-elisabeth ingres of doctors without borders is in sanaa, and says conditions are growing ever more dire.

>> warner: the same is true in the port city of aden, where heavy street fighting raged today between houthis and loyalists of president abd-rabbu mansour hadi, now in exile in saudi arabia. >> ( translated ): we are living under siege, surrounded by these houthis; no water, no electricity, the sewage is overflowing, our children's bellies are swollen and we have no medicine, we have nothing. >> warner: all this came as the clock ran down toward a five-day humanitarian cease-fire between the saudi-led coalition and the houthis, who have some backing from iran. on saturday, iranian president hassan rouhani blasted the saudis in a speech. >> ( translated ): saudi arabia is a government that does not understand and is not aware of the political situation of the region and the world and is a

total beginner. it is trying hard to prove itself after many years. >> warner: the new saudi king, salman, has shown a more aggressive regional stance during his four months on the throne. and the efforts of the sunni powers in the region, led by the saudis, to counter shiite iran will be a top issue this week at a gulf nation summit hosted by president obama. also on that agenda: the u.s.- led talks with iran on its nuclear program; the syrian civil war; and the ongoing campaign against the islamic state group. last thursday, king salman had told secretary of state kerry that he would attend. but over the weekend, salman and the king of bahrain said they would not be on hand, sending other officials in their place. that left state department spokesperson marie harf today to deny it's a snub of mr. obama, triggered by saudi concerns over the president's pursuit of a nuclear deal with iran. >> king salman made this

decision given what's going on in yemen. he's sending the crown prince and the deputy crown prince who are fully empowered. they run intel, they run defense, they run a lot of the areas that we're actually going to be talking about in detail at camp david. so we believe that the right mix of people will be there. >> warner: right mix or not, the meetings begin wednesday at the white house before moving to camp david. >> ifill: and margaret joins me now. >> ifill: margaret we saw at the state department and also the white house in the briefing room today an aggressive pushback this notion was a snub the last-minute decision not to come on the part of the saudi king. what really happened? >> when this was laid on by the white house last month right after coming up with this political framework for an iranian nuclear deal the hope was with the right assurances the gulf countries would at least give some sort of tacet approval to pursuing this deal. instead, what the white house felt was a great compliment being invited to the white house, camp david, i'm told by

peopleo close to the palace in saudi arabia that the king felt he was being summoned to washington, he didn't like being lumped in with all the gcc members, and vacked should and saudi arabia should be first among equals, and became apparent he wasn't going to get the assurances he wanted. being from a culture where it's rude to your host to say no he didn't want to be taken up to camp david and asked to sign something that he later would want to back off from. >> ifill: the president talked to him today to smooth things over, we seem. >> yes. >> ifill: but at the root of this, iran. >> ifill: yes, and the fact that the u.s. and saudis over a partnership with oil and other things really don't understand each other very well, but, yes, it's not only that iran after ten or 15 years, whenever the

negotiated time period expires that iran could be a nuclear weapons-capable state saudis fear that once the international community strikes a deal with iran, iran will, one gain stature and legitimacy and maybe sur plant the u.s. as a part in the region and once sanctions are lifted it will even be better able to funneled a lot of the groups, proxies destabilizing countries in the region whether the shiite in bahrain, hezbollah blah in syria or the houthis in yemen. >> ifill: talk late bit about yemen because i wonder if that's also on part of the agenda. is there anything that can be accomplished at this meeting in camp david? >> i think what the saweddias or certainly the uae wanted was a defense pact almost like n.a.t.o. and the americans told them a couple of weeks ago that wasn't going to happen.

but the u.s. is talking about not only selling them more weapons but also helping the gcc develop greater capabilities to defend against unconventional threats, whether cyber, threats to the own oil infrastructure and make it interoperable with the u.s. and there will be some document that reaffirms the u.s. commitment to the security of its allies. for instance, when saddam hussein invaded kuwait, the u.s. was in there. one person close to the saudi culture said don't underestimate the human factor. when the 79-year-old king was confronted with the yofd getting on a plane flying to washington, helecopter tore camp david, sitting in the woods and asked to sign on a dotted line that's not his idea as fun. >> ifill: as simple as that. margaret warner thanks again. >> ifill: thank.thank you,

>> woodruff: this weekend marked ending the ebl laoutbreak. liberia was 42 days without a new case, declared ebola free. efforts are underway to rebuild schools hospitals and other clinics. the disease killed more than 10000 people in west africa including 500-plus healthcare workers. while the outbreak slowed considerably, there are new health complications for survivors. dr. ian crozier is one american healthcare worker who nearly lost his life while volunteering in sierrala ray leone with the world health organization. he feels evacuated to atlanta's emory university hospital and eventually recovered. months later the virus was found in his eye and nearly blinded him before a series of procedures and treatments. he is still experiencing a

number of other symptoms. he joins me now. dr. crozier, wedge. we're so glad to see you're doing bert. >> a pleasure to be here, a pleasure to be anywhere. >> woodruff: tell us, first of all, how are you doing? it's been eight months sense you were first diagnosed. >> i'm doing remarkably well given what i have been through. first of all, i'm fortunate to be here and fortunate to be alive and second to be looking at you through two fairly clear eyes is quite remarkable. so still struggling with a few symptoms that have been part of my sort of post-ebola syndrome but i'm doing much better than i was a few months ago. thank you. >> woodruff: tell us briefly about what happened in your eye and is it gone? is it ebola now gone from your eye? >> so in early december, i developed what we call uvitis.

it reflected a great deal of inflammation inside the eye, to put it simply, and once that began, it became obvious it was going to be severe and sight-threatening. as part of my evaluation because we were really worried about a risk for other viruses after a long hospital stay steve at the emory eye clinic introduce add needle into is it front of my eye, the anterior chamber and found high numbers of active and replicating ebola virus which was a great surprise at the time. >> woodruff: and that was treated and today you are much better, but, as i understand it it may still be there. >> yeah, so to get back to your question, i received some experimental treatment and a lot of anti-inflammatory medicine steroids by mouth, steroids by injection into the eye and

topical steroids, and unfortunately to actually know for sure that the virus is no longer there we would need to reintroduce the needle and tap the eye again and given the fact the precious in my eye have been low, that procedure's risks probably outweigh the benefits. that may come down the road. there is every indication the clinical improvement i've had it really has been sort of a return to the eye that virus is no longer there, but i can't say that for sure. >> woodruff: but it's our understanding it's not contagious though. >> it's very important to point out actually, this was inside the eye, in the anterior chamber. the tear fluids, the conjuntiva outside the eye are low levels and even inside the eye. despite finding ebola inside the eye, there's no risk by casual contact. this is important because ebola

survivors on the ground are facing a fair amount of stigma already and i don't want this finding to add to that difficulty. >> woodruff: this is not only an enormous physical challenge for you battling your way back but it has to have also been a psychological challenge. you've spoken of having survivor's guilt. >> i suppose though unwarranted i have a fair amount of survivor's guilt. you know, if you had told me on day one of my symptoms that within a week i would develop multi-system organ failure, an ominous term but my brain failed and my kid my failed and my lungs failed and i needed sort of a level of critical care that real likely had never been give ton that degree before especially in someone who survived. as i was going through that, i'm, of course incredibly grateful to the w.h.o. and the state department. i would have been dead in a week had i not received that care but i'm also haunted a little bit by

many of my patients and some colleagues and friends who didn't have that opportunity and that really reflects an inequity in global health we're all about trying to change for years now. it's particularly gratifying to me that my eye case which is really on the front edge of essentially a new disease -- we had a little signal in the 1990s of the eye disease and new survivors, but this is a new disease in some way and hopefully my case can be immediately and relevantly be transported to west africa and help west african eyes from going blind because i struggle with holding those two things in tension. >> woodruff: i wanted to ask you about that. you went back to sierra leone a few weeks ago. what did you find there and it is a case, as you say that your

own experience can be of help as doctors try to figure out the post-ebola difficulties that other survivors are having. >> so people are obviously taking care of survivors on the ground there and john at the s.i.n. mission hospital who has been caring for survivors for some time now and was an on the ground expert were seeing patients with eye disease and we saw over 100 librarian survivors with eye complaints and we need to learn a great deal about this disease. it is important. i think the window will be short in which to diagnose and to classclassify and provide treatment for these eyes. this was the first look in one sense, especially by steve who had fairly rapidly become the

world's expert in this disease, so we saw indeed librarian survivors, some portion of them are developing eye symptoms and some of the patients are developing sight-threatening disease. if we can change the natural history of that process, it will be remarkable and extremely gratifying to me if my case can be useful that way. you can imagine that a survivor who has, in a sense, survived the first death in the unit and come out and then faces the tragedy of a second death, you know, going blind is not so far down the food chain from dying, and if we can change the natural history of that process, i would like to be part of that. >> woodruff: well, dr. ian crozier, it is quite a journey you have been on. i know everyone is celebrating with you your remarkable recovery and also listening to what you say about the lessons learned and what more that is hob tone, dr. ian crozier we

thank you. >> thank you, judy. >> ifill: now, to the dramatic increase in food allergies, and what can be done about it. you might recall the big news earlier this year, when scientists said that the best way to head off peanut allergies in children, is to expose them to the nuts early on. but what about for those who already have allergies? the newshour's cat wise, who has a personal connection to this disease, has our report. >> reporter: i have two young boys with life-threatening food allergies. a year ago, my older son ended up in the e.r. after accidentally eating a muffin with walnuts. both boys are allergic to eggs so cake at friends' birthday parties is not an option, much to their frustration. our experience is not unique. one in 12 american children has been diagnosed with a food allergy.

the rate of those with allergies has doubled over the last decade. 90,000 people visit the er every year with food allergy reactions, and nearly 200 die. while some people outgrow their allergies, most are never cured. but that life sentence may be about to change. >> hi parker. how are we doing? >> good. >> we're going to do your food challenge today. >> reporter: twelve-year-old parker anderson has been allergic to peanuts and tree nuts since she was a toddler. she's come to stanford university to enroll in a first- of-its-kind clinical trial in the hopes that she may one day be able to eat nuts. >> alright, 5 milligrams. a little bit on the lips. don't lick it off. how does it feel? fine, no itching tingling? >> reporter: anderson, who spent five years on a waitlist to get here, is being given a small amount of one of the very foods

she's allergic to-- pistachios. it's the first step in a treatment she's about to begin called oral immunotherapy, to train her body not to react to nuts. >> its a little scary, but i know that it will get better over time. they're going to desensitize me to all my allergies, so that i can start eating it normally, and not have to worry anymore. >> you're giving back the very same food that the persons allergic to. >> reporter: dr. kari nadeau is treating anderson, and the 300 some patients currently enrolled in trials. and she is the tour de force behind the food allergy research program at stanford. >> what are some of the foods you've always wanted to try that you haven't so far. whats your wish list? >> oh! a peanut butter banana smoothie! >> ah, peanut butter banana smoothie. >> very carefully we start with miniscule amounts of that food, at levels that won't cause a reaction. you give it to the person, make sure they're doing okay, and then you tell them to take it

every day for another two weeks and they come back in the clinic and we dose you up here, always we increase the dose while you're here in the clinic. >> reporter: a number of research institutions around the country, and even some private practices, are treating food allergy patients with similar methods. but dr. nadeau has pioneered a way to treat people who have multiple allergies, up to five at the same time. and she's found a way to dramatically reduce the time it takes to desensitize patients through the use of an immune suppressing asthma drug called xolair. >> we gave the xolair, and then at eight weeks we give that first dose of the food, it only takes about 16 weeks, to 24 weeks, to be able to get someone up to a servings worth of food that would normally take two years, to three years. >> reporter: in a small room in the clinic basement, known as the food pharmacy, nutritionist katherine lloyd has one of the most important jobs on the research team: ensuring patients get the right dose.

she uses a highly sensitive scale to measure miniscule amounts of allergens. the smallest dose she distributes, .5 milligrams, is the equivalent of about 1/16th of a single peanut. >> you just have to be very precise, because if you give them too much they may have a reaction. i do kind of feel like a pharmacist down here, just measuring out, its almost as if i'm counting pills. >> reporter: on the day we visited, four-year-old hudson brown, who has multiple food allergies, was getting one of those carefully prepared doses. he's been in the trial since august and now eats the equivalent of 8 peanuts a day, with the help of some chocolate pudding. >> this is your first bite of 2,000 milligrams. this is your maintenance dose. ready? awesome. don't eat the spoon. >> reporter: nationally, based on a small number of studies that have looked at a small number of patients, it seems that caucasians and asians have a higher likelihood of developing food allergies, but

much more research is needed according to allergy experts. at stanford, more than 700 youth and adult patients have completed treatment since 2003. nearly 90% have had their allergies go away, although dr. nadeau cautions it is too early to use the word cured. the remaining patients either moved away, stopped taking their doses regularly, or had unrelated health issues. while no one has died or had a life-threatening reaction, the treatment is not an easy experience. in addition to being time consuming, most patients at some point get stomach problems, skin rashes, or sore, itchy throats. but for those who stick with the program, the results can be dramatic. >> i eat this one first. its called a pecan right? then the cashew, then the peanut. >> reporter: maya and carly sandberg were among the first patients to go through the multi-allergen studies with dr.

nadeau. they are now continuing to eat nuts several times a week to keep up their immunity something that patients who complete the study are encouraged to do. their mom, michelle sandberg, is a pediatrician, who says the results of the trial surprised her. >> initially the goals were basically to decrease the risk of anaphylaxis, i never dreamed that there would be desensitization, or a cure. but as time passed, and as doctor nadeau saw the data, you know, these kids were being fully desensitized. everything is completely normal. i don't have to look at labels when i buy products in terms of nut content. >> oh wow. lots of different kinds of nuts. >> yes, every kind of nut. >> reporter: in fact, nuts are a big part of the family diet now >> its amazing for me with my own kids having nut allergies to

see this. >> now my goal is to get as much nuts into my kids as possible. >> reporter: dr. nadeaus research efforts recently got a big boost. silicon valley entrepreneur and napster co-founder sean parker who has severe food allergies, donated $24 million to stanford to advance scientific understanding of the disease. in the lab that now bears parker's name, dr. nadeau has a team of scientists working on a variety of experiments aimed at understanding the underlying causes of allergies. >> we are where cancer therapy was twenty years ago. there's a black box right now behind what it the cause of allergies, and how can we improve and treat allergies, and that's exactly what were studying in the lab on the cell level, on the dna level, but importantly is that we do our science to directly, in real time, help people with the disease. >> reporter: its research that may one day aid my own children,

and the millions like them with food allergies. >> many, many families, in fact all of them, they live 365 days in fear. they really live a life where they observe life, rather than live it, and so at the end of the study what i'd really like to be able to accomplish for those families is so they can live life. so a child doesn't have to sit out of a birthday party, and be on the side eating their own type of food. >> reporter: and she hopes, if things go according to plan parker anderson might just be able to eat that peanut butter banana smoothie she's been craving, later this year. for the pbs newshour, i'm cat wise in palo alto, california. >> ifill: it's family feud time for both republicans and democrats, as presidential candidates look for ways to stand out in a crowded field, and liberals go to war with the

white house over trade. it's also politics monday, so amy walter of the "cook political report" and tamara keith of npr are here to sort it all out. let's start with the republicans spy vs. spy magazine. this is g.o.p. vs. g.o.p. we heard rick santorum at a meeting this weekend, another one of the republican cattle calls. let's listen first, to what he had to say. >> the republican party nominated people who have checked one of three boxes. number one, you were a vice president. we've nominated former presidents. number two, you were the son of a form president. (laughter) and number three, you came in second the last time and ran again. >> ifill: of course, he came in second when? rick santorum announced he's running for president but he

concedes part of his path is to take down the others. >> so really he's saying it's between jeb bush and rick santorum. >> i'm glad we're done and we don't need to talk anymore about republicans. i'm sort of defining the republican field. it's like the dating game. republican primary voters are in no mood to settle down. they're happy with this big field of potential candidates and they want to date and meet people. they're not ready to get married yet. each one of the candidates goes to the cattle calls. i'll be to one in iowa this weekend and tries to make the best case to the suiters but i don't think we'll end up sign with an obvious carnet or two candidates in the way rick santorum would like to present it. i think the field will stay crowded for some time and it's going to be the debates and the actual contest at win winnow it down. >> they're all trying to stand out in a very very crowded

field and they're doing that all to have the governors are saying, well, you don't want another senator, do you? and all the senators are saying, you don't want a governor you want somebody with foreign policy experience. they're all trying to differentiate themselves. in reality, each one is going to get a little pop when they announce and then they all sort of hobble back into the fields. >> ifill: and then see them competing for subsets of the republican vote especially the evangelical vote because there is just not one candidate who can corn interest market. we saw jeb bush giving a commencement speech at a christian university, and scott walker in israel wearing a yamaka and appealing in that way. >> exactly. you don't win the republican nomination if you are not in line of the evangelicals socially and sull chiewrlly. if you're too far outside of that realm, you won't win.

at the same time too close, you get pigeon holed as an evangelical you probably won't win either. that's what happened last time, they appear to a small sup set but not broadly. when you talk to them now, they say, why don't people talk us seriously about so many other issues. so you find a balance of you can't be too far to the left but you also can't turn off the moderate voters. >> ifill: is it possible to split it too finely so nobody gets anything? >> there are so many competing for the tiny -- >> ifill: right. the evangelical share of the republican party isn't that big. they have an outsized role in particular in iowa, which happens to be the first in the nation caucus, so there's a lot of tailoring to that group. if we're looking at rick santorum, mike huckabee, jeb bush went to liberty university,

ted cruz announced at liberty university, bobby jindal is working that angle. >> ifill: let's go to to democrats. it's part of the trade deal they're waiting for congress to take the fast track to approve. let's hear what the president had to say with yahoo news and talked about elizabeth warren. >> lib beth is not a politician like everybody else and she has a voice she wants to get out there. i understand that. on most issues, she and i deeply agree. on this one, though, her arguments don't stand the test of fact and scrutiny. >> ifill: fact and scrutiny. her response in an interview with a blog in the "washington

post" said the president committed only to letting the public see the deal after congress authorizes to fast track it. at that point it will impossible to amend or block any part of the agreement without tanking the whole tpp, the tpp is basically done. so the two are taking shots across bow over a pretty big issue. >> it is. the good thing about democrats at this point in history they're the most ideologically unified in years. that's great if you're a president presiding over a unified party unless you're going against a union or liberals upset with you felt this is good when you are all on the same page and you can pass legislation that everybody agrees on. but when you're the president and you go against the tide, that is what's going to happen. >> the president is lobbying hard. he has to win over his own party

on this. elizabeth warren, i think, has the advantage of speaking for most of the people in her party on this particular issue and i will just say that she's also going to be on morning edition tomorrow talking with steve. she phoned in. full court press with elizabeth warren. she's not backing down. >> ifill: we'll be listening. where's hillary clinton in this? she has been kind of quiet in a big intra-party fight. >> she was asked about trade two or three weeks ago in new hampshire. she didn't even directly answer the question. she sort of indirectly answered the question. she's been silent ever since, in part because she doesn't take a lot of questions from the media or -- well, like pretty much any. >> ifill: and it's a lose-lose proposition if you volunteered for that. >> no, i wouldn't volunteer for that. >> ifill: amy walter and

tamara keith. thank you. >> thank you. >> woodruff: finally tonight combating extremism in europe. denmark is often referred to as the "happiest place on earth," but the country's sense of peace and serenity was shell-shocked earlier this year when an islamic extremist shot and killed two people in copenhagen. the country, like other european nations, is struggling to stop its citizens from joining the islamic state group and other terrorist organizations in syria. newshour special correspondent malcolm caught up with one devastated mother who is urging the government to do more to stop the tide of extremism. >> right now i'm just looking for more videos to see if i can get any knowledge about my boy. >> reporter: karolina dam's worst fear came true in the cruelest way. an islamic state death notice on facebook alerted to her news that her eighteen-year-old son lukas had been killed in an

american airstrike on the syria turkey border. >> i need peace and quiet now. i need to get on. i don't want him dead. i need to know things and i don't know if he's alive. i don't know if he's in jail or if isis has killed him. i don't know anything. you know it's hard. i can't sleep. i wake up. i have nightmares everywhere. >> reporter: lukas had attention deficit disorder and, according to his mother suffered from relatively serious autism. after dabbling in petty crime he was put in a home for vulnerable teenagers. he became a muslim a year after this video was taken.

i don't want to classify my son a as a terrorist. he's not. my boy is the victim in all. this he has been manipulated, abused and pushed into this fight that he and others have won. (shouting) but he fell under the spell of hardline groups like hizb ut tahrir, an international party that campaigns for sharia law and a worldwide caliphate. >> so first of all, i'd like to tell the enemy to look very closely at this flag, the black flag, not the white flag. but the black because this is the black flag that the u.s. will see. this is the black flag that the u.s. will see coming over the horizon. this is the black flag they will see coming across the atlantic in front of an army that loves the prophet. that loves islam. >> reporter: mrs. dam said she did everything in her power to prevent her son from travelling to syria. she took away his passport and alerted his social workers. >> it's not the easiest thing in the world for parents to keep on calling the authorities.

but it is the right thing. but the wrong thing is when they don't do anything about it. >> reporter: mrs. dam went to copenhagen city hall to try to get some answers from one of the deputy mayors. no officials were prepared to talk on camera about the mrs. dam went to meet one of the city's deputy mayors to try to get some answers. they acknowledged that social workers should have alerted copenhagen's de-radicalization program that lukas was in danger of heading to syria so that he could have been stopped at the airport. but the program wasn't informed until four months after he left. sources within city hall tried to shift the blame on to denmark's intelligence agency, p.e.t., claiming it was twice tipped off about the lukas dam case. p.e.t. has refused to comment. but professor magnus ranstorp was willing to discuss the issue. he heads the copenhagen anti-

radicalization task force, which is due to deliver an action plan in august. >> we're looking at how can we improve the system. how can we involve civil society more. how can we can we involve parents as well. so we are looking over the system to see how we can we can be more efficient. >> reporter: this is a recruiting video for the so- called islamic state, and the key figure is the 21-year dane to the right of the picture. like lukas dam, he was a christian convert with learning difficulties named victor kristensen. after appealing here to his danish brothers and sisters to join jihad, victor blew himself up in a suicide attack. he was radicalized at this mosque in the town of aarhus. as part of the nationwide effort to neutralize extreme islamic rhetoric, this muslim lawmaker fatma oktem, wants radical preachers to be banned. >> we know the young people are visiting the mosques and listening to religious leaders.

so it's very important that people who are talking about religion can talk about peace and harmony and integration, not about hate. >> we ought to make sure that hezbollah is forbidden in this country as they are in many other countries and i think that the various ministers of justice have failed because in our relation and in our constitution it says those kinds of groups that work for violence a and in a way push for violence should be closed. (shouting) >> reporter: hizb ut tahrir insists it is not breaking any laws, and attributes its rising popularity amongst young muslims

to what it describes as denmark's anti islamic policies. >> it's a clear sign of intellectual bankruptcy in the danish parliament. they cannot withstand thoughts with thoughts they cannot counter arguments with arguments. this is what we are used to in dictatorships and the like. >> reporter: denmark has changed dramatically since the valentine's day shootings that killed filmmaker finn norregaard at a free speech forum, and security guard dan uzan at copenhagen's synagogue. there is a sense the country has lost its innocence. before the attacks security used to be very discreet. now the police are over- stretched on full alert in case of a new atrocity. these officers were deployed to protect a jewish deli close to a mainly muslim district after it was vandalized. for a significant number of muslims, the shooter, omar el

hussein, who was killed by police in a brief exchange of fire, was a hero. the danes are investing tens of millions of dollars in various de-radicalization programs to try to prevent the spread of the enthusiasm for extreme islam on display at his funeral. but if they return to western denmark and the police fail to find evidence that they committed crimes in the middle east, they will be offered a place on a rehabilitation program. >> we don't roll out the red carpet. but we are there to try to help them reintegrate into society, because we believe that is the most secure thing we can do to protect society from these young people from becoming even more radicalized. >> reporter: one person with an insight into the minds of the jihadis is morten storm, a former islamic radical, who claims to have worked as a double agent for the c.i.a. and helped them target al qaeda leaders in yemen. >> i think the authorities are being naive.

at the same time i think it's a disgrace. i think they are underestimating the ideology and the motivation of these people. >> reporter: after her city hall meeting, karolina talked to one of the officials involved in copenhagen's de-radicalization program. she curses the islamic extremists who brain washed her son and hopes others can be saved. >> i can do whatever i can to prevent it happening again. and that would be in the spirit of my son. that's what i need to do. >> reporter: in the mean time mrs. dam has little alternative but to continue her lonely search among the islamic state videos on line. malcolm brabant,in copenhagen. >> ifill: on the newshour online, nasa's mars curiosity recently captured an image that

was so inspiring, it tweeted about it in a poem. the space rover, which has been analyzing martian soil since 2012, caught a glimpse of a stunning blue sunset from the red planet. you can see those photos, on our home page, that's on our web site, pbs.org/newshour. >> woodruff: and that's the newshour for tonight. tomorrow, how artificial intelligence is helping your doctors treat you. i'm judy woodruff. >> ifill: and i'm gwen ifill. join us on-line, and again here tomorrow evening. for all of us here at the pbs newshour, thank you and good night. >> major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by: >> lincoln financial-- committed to helping you take charge of your life and become you're own chief life officer. >> and by the alfred p. sloan

foundation. supporting science, technology, and improved economic performance and financial literacy in the 21st century. >> and with the ongoing support of these institutions and... >> this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting. and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. captioning sponsored by newshour productions, llc captioned by media access group at wgbh access.wgbh.org

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