captioning sponsored by newshour productions, llc >> woodruff: good evening. i'm judy woodruff. on tonight's pbs newshour: presidential candidates fight to stand out on stage-- the hits and misses from the first republican debate. also ahead: in ferguson, missouri, one year after the death of michael brown a community seeks justice and lasting change. >> we stand here not even halfway through 2015 and nearly 700 people have been killed by police in the u.s. alone. >> woodruff: and it's friday. mark shields and david brooks are here, to analyze last night's debate and the rest of the week's news. and, a force in the water-- american swimmer katie ledecky wins gold and breaks records at the world championships. all that and more on tonight's pbs newshour.

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solutions to the world's most pressing problems-- skollfoundation.org. >> the ford foundation. working with visionaries on the frontlines of social change worldwide. >> and with the ongoing support of these institutions >> this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting. and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. >> woodruff: the u.s. economy turned in another solid month of job creation in july. labor department numbers released today show that employers added a net of 215,000 new jobs for the month. the actual unemployment rate held steady at 5.3%. a wave of violent attacks broke out in the capital of afghanistan today, killing

scores of people. the first-- a massive truck bomb-- flattened an entire city block in kabul and left a 30- foot crater. the blast killed 15 people and wounded 240. later, a suicide bomber blew himself up at a police academy. killing at least 20 recruits and wounding 24. the nuclear agreement with iran faces a fresh challenge from within president obama's own party. democratic senator chuck schumer-- in line to become minority leader-- announced his opposition last night. he said in a statement: today, traveling in vietnam, secretary of state john kerry said he "profoundly disagrees" with schumer's decision. >> if all you do is refuse this deal and say no to this agreement, you just say no, there is no other alternative to the fact that iran will begin to

enrich, will pursue it's program, we will lose international support, we will lose the sanctions, we will wind up in a situation where we do not have the ability to inspect or to check their program. >> woodruff: other senate democrats have been lining up in favor of the deal. wisconsin senator tammy baldwin announced her support today. in central syria, islamic state militants have abducted at least 230 people, including dozens of christians. activists say it happened overnight at a town in homs province after the extremists captured the town from pro- government forces. the rest of those seized were sunni muslims. the world anti-doping agency says an independent commission will investigate allegations of widespread use of illegal substances in international athletics. german broadcaster a.r.d. has reported that more than 800 athletes had suspicious blood

test results between 2001 and 2012. the reports are based on data leaked from the international association of athletics federation. in california, hundreds of evacuees from a wildfire north of san francisco were allowed to return home today. firefighters now have the rocky fire nearly half contained. since last weekend, the fire has destroyed 43 homes as it charred nearly 109 square miles. about 12,000 residents are still under evacuation orders or warnings. and wall street ended the week with more losses. for the seventh day in a row. the dow jones industrial average gave up 46 points to close near 17370. the nasdaq fell 13 points, and the s&p 500 shed six. for the week, the dow and nasdaq lost nearly 2%. the s&p was down more than 1%. still to come on the newshour:

memorable moments from last night's republican debate, how ferguson has changed a year after the death of michael brown and much more. the first g.o.p. debate of the political season is now behind us. the associated press is reporting an estimated 24 million americans watched--three times the audience for any previous primary debate. newshour political director lisa desjardins was in cleveland last night and she takes a look at the political fireworks. >> the most crowded republican presidential debate ever quickly became a stage for one. fox news host megan kelly asked donald trump if he was part of a war on women. >> women you don't like fat pigs

dogs, slobz and clustering animals. -- and disgusting animals. >> he let loose. >> i think this country has a problem of being politically correct. [cheering and applause] >> i've been challenged by so many people and i don't frankly have time for toll political correctness. and -- total political correctness and to be honest with you this country doesn't have time either. >> a few minutes later another sharp question. chris wallace asked what evidence does trump have that mexico is sending criminals to the border? >> the people i deal with say, this is what is happening because our leaders are stupid. our politicians are stupid. >> trump dominated with no self-inflicted wounds. letting him duke it out with the

fox moderators instead. the only full fledged punch came hours earlier. in the other debate set for other seven candidates, carly fiorina pulled a two-fer both breasing and -- embracing and challenging trump. >> since he has changed his mind on amnesty health care and abortion what are the principles upon which he will govern? >> chris christie and john kasich. >> i would like to collect more records from innocent americans. >> that is a completely ridiculous answer. how are you supposed to know? how are you -- >> senator christie make your point.

>> senator when you are sitting in subcommittee blowing hot air about this you can say things like that. >> here is the problem governor you fundamentally misunderstand the bill of rights. >> but the cleveland audience cheered loudest for those lowest in the polls home senator john kasich who said he supports traditional marriage and added. >> i went to a wedding of someone who was gay means if he cares for someone other than me, doesn't mean i didn't love him. if god gives me unconditional love, i'm going to give it to myself and my family and the friends around me. >> hitting on i.s.i.s. and immigration but did not make headlines. and if it seems like some candidates got more time than others, it is because they did. donald trump owned more than

twice as much of the debate than the least known candidates, rand paul and scott walker. >> i'm the only one that separateed siamese twins. >> and marco rubio aimed to unite. >> god has blessed us, the diffract candidates can't even find one. >> on the opening night of a strong republican fight. lisa desjardins, news hour cleveland. it was one year ago this weekend when the city of ferguson quickly moved to the center of national attention.

protests followed the fatal shooting of michael brown by a police officer. the case called even more attention to the police shootings and the militarization of police forces across the country and triggered more debate and calls for reform. hari sreenivasan returned there to see how the city is faring. >> clifton kenny had no idea how much his life was about to change at this time last year. then 17 years old his mother had just died from stage 4 breast cancer. he was at home and bereft when social media brought him the photograph of michael brown's body. >> at first i didn't believe it. the community there was just trying to figure out what was going on, trying to figure out why this kid was lying in in the street. >> >> outrage pulled kenny out of his grief.

>> my lungs were stinging. i began throwing up. i think there was a little blood in there. and i was crying. >> you must disperse immediately. >> but i wasn't tearing up because it was painful. of course it was painful but i couldn't believe something like this could happen in 21st century america or a small town like ferguson. >> kenny went back to high school, he started a week late because of the unrest and channeled that outrage into action, led 300 classmates to our backyard, which became our destiny st. louis, social engagement with young people. ever since kenny has organized his peers for st. louis. in february clifton spoke in front of the ferguson commission, volunteers appointed bir the governor of missouri to examine the root causes and ways to prevent this from happening again. the group has melt more than a

dozen times tackling topic such as education policies policy and health care. brittany grew up groceriary shopping getting her hair done along west florison avenue. a week ago this street was unrecognizable. >> body armored police officers that would fill these parking lots crosses my mind is trying otake vine videos of when rifles are pointed in people's faces of us being tear gassed. >> the issues of ferguson front and center including a trip to the white house. >> there is still so much to be done. we stand here not only halfway through 2015 and nearly 700 people have been killed in theist alone. >> that sense of urgency is not lost on police sergeant dominica

fuller. >> i was surprised 43rd, i was saddened. >> a lifelong ferguson wife and mother, she's a 17 month old police officer. a year ago some of her family sided with the protestors against the police. >> when you are with family you can disagree or agree and my family understood that. >> finding officers routinely arrested citizens without probable cause and used unreasonable force against the city's african americans. the officer wears a body camera like all officers do now. basic tactics she learned working a beat will spread throughout the department. >> you have to have compassion in this job, you have to have understanding and you have to be patient. we now focus on the community a

little bit more. we're in the schools. we're able to go sit with the kids in the park. >> ferguson has a new judge, new city manager and the city's leadership is now more diverse. the interim police chief is african american as are two newly elected city council members. >> what happened in the city of ferguson a lot of cities can learn from. when they sit back and realize it can happen to us, let me pay attention and see how they're addressing it. >> missouri legislators proposed a number of measures including bills are requiring body cameras and lethal force by police. in the end only one bill passed. a missed opportunity, according to courtney allen curtis. >> we had worldwide attention on us. we could have been a world leader, we could have implemented body cameras, we could have done significant strides and economic packages to

bring more jobs to the area and while we talked about doing that we haven't done nearly enough to actually implement you know those talking points. >> the new law limits how much of a municipal budget can come from traffic fines. ironically leading ferguson into a budget deficit. new rules also ban courts from jailing someone over small traffic fines. practices the justice department condemned. news of the justice department report and the new state law continued to keep ferguson under a spotlight a light local residents wanted to turn towards something different. >> we started making tee shirts then it came into coffee mugs and license plate course of the and kids toddlers, these are onesies. >> currently a city council member, he began getting his own message out starting with yard signs that say i heart ferguson.

>> starting to move across st. louis and also orders from across the united states and the world to the state we've issued 109450 yard signs. >> so far he says thea they've donated 150,000 to local businesses, all part of a larger campaign to show ferguson moving on. we heard this radio ad on his radio. >> grab your keys and the family and see and enjoy the new face of barb urban america, ferguson. we can do this together. >> but campaign sends a different messenger to some. >> it was almost like a counter-protest to the protest, it would almost say to not even acknowledge of what happened. >> rasheed aldridge is the youngest member on the ferguson commission. >> it's like there's nothing

wrong, we love ferguson, we're happy, the people, having a good time, the businesses not to acknowledge life was taken in ferguson, how do you love ferguson and not acknowledge the hurt that the people in ferguson are going through? it didn't make sense. there the quick trip mini mart convenience store that burned down in the aftermath of the shooting was behind this fence on west florison avenue. the job training center perhaps to open on this site. for activists it's the single step on a long road. >> we cannot quit. we need to move further faster. >> when clifton kenny gets disillusioned of the movement, he turns to one of his final pictures of his mom. >> it reminds me all the negative things going on in my life i can accomplish what i can

accomplish. if she can do it, having breast cancer and eight kids, getting a degree, i can do what i can do and need to do in order to help people. all right. fest. >> she'd be proud of you. >> thanks man. >> kenny begins howard university in washington, d.c. in the fall. i'm hari sreenivasan for the pbs newshour in ferguson missouri. >> woodruff: stay with us. coming up on the newshour: shields and brooks analyze the g.o.p. debate and more of the week's news, a stroke of gold for american swimmer katie ledecky and lifting the curtain on diversity in film. but first, the european union today appealed to its member states to live up to the

financial pledges made to greece and hungary to assist with some of the nearly 225,000 refugees and migrants who this year alone have left upheaval in africa, in the middle east and southwest asia to try to reach europe. in the north, near the english channel, several thousand people are camped out-- many hoping to pass from france to england. the british government says taking in the displaced people will only encourage more to come. but just today it was reported a 40-year-old sudanese man managed to evade elaborate security and walked almost the entire 31-mile length of the underwater tunnel before his arrest. newshour special correspondent malcolm brabant reports tonight from the french port of calais. >>reporter: under british pressure, reenforcements the french riot police have been sent to calais to try osort the

migrants on the final leg of their odyssey. among them a man fighting the syrian civil war who didn't want to be identified. >> try go to trade but policies are like big people like big animal not behave, told me we have to go back, go back and try again, but it's very hard to go. we need a solution don't know what we dpog do here. we -- going to do here. we don't like to stay in france. >>reporter: additional measures to beef up security on the euro tunnel appear to be working according to the british foreign secretary phillip hammond. >> i think we have a grich on the crisis. we saw a peak last week since when the illegal migrants has tailed off.

we've taken a number of measures in collaboration with the french authorities and euro tunnel. >> as a result there's increasing frustration among migrants. they have established osqualid camp in the safned dunes called the -- sand dunes called the jungle. having rirvegd his life crossing the desert, the computer expert fled the horn of africa country, his government has been accused of widespread human rights abuses. >> considered europe as the heaven on earth, not just like that. i really didn't expect the places that we are living here to be like this. i'm trying to go to the train. but it's very difficult for me. i'm being here in order to, it's very difficult you know. but everyone who is living here

has. >> judge should england allow you to come into the country? >> my dream is to go to england. when i come here for example when i come here in land with germany england is comfortable for me. >>reporter: calais used to have a red cross refugee camp but it was closed in 2002 after britain protested it was encouraging illegal immigration. deputy mayor phillip mignonet, said europe is calling the shots. >> it is killing the city more than ever killing the economy more so as well. we all know they want to go to england. whether they are right or wrong whether benefits are right or wrong in grand, they want to go to england. this is where we must have in calais a summit between france and england involving the city

of calais because at the moment the ministers are talking with each other but what is the city of calais in that? >>reporter: now if the european union law between asylum seekers was being applied properly france would take them in or return them to the first european country where they landed. but this is not happening. the conservative government in london believes that many of these people are attracted to the united kingdom's generous offerings. but the current system shouldn't offer any perverse incentives for illegal migrants to launch spurious asylum claims or humanitarian protection to prolong their stay in the united kingdom. >> the majority of people they see are not migrants, they are fleeing one kind or another.

>> once as part of the governing coalition the party could soften british policy. now in opposition it can only roar. >> it seems to me the approach of the u.k. conservative government is about being confrontational on two levels. against the desperate people here and also confrontational towards our colleagues in the rest of europe about many look at the united kingdom as unnecessarily belligerent not a team player and indeed exacerbating the crisis. my goal is to work for solutions and treat these people like human beings. >> if you open the flood gates as the conservatives would see it, what you're going to do is encourage the rest of the people to head in this direction. >> first of all, i'm not arguing to open the flood gate at all.

i would argue that we should be taking our fair share a few hundred from across the european union. >> i don't know je ne saispas. >> there is a school teaching french to those considering seeking political asylum here. its founder is an ex up a rant german called jones. >> if i went to japan today i would go to school to learn japan, you need to speak the language. my dream is to change this camp. i want to make something different in this jungle to show people we are not, for example, jungle animal live in the jungle. really we are not living in a jungle here. >> throughout the camp there are the reminders of the perils of jumping on trains or trucks. ten people have been killed since june. there is a major incentive oremain in france.

>> i say, i go there, to see my friends, they dying and they cutting hands and fingers. >>reporter: for nearly a thousand years the narrow english channel has protected britain from invasion. migrants face the same obstacles that defeated great armies. the refugee influx is perhaps the biggest in decades,. >> the laws swri been done, as increase the number of refugees coming to europe. we should take care to have more of the countries as sudan, eritrea, which belongs to iraq and to syria, is something much more difficult. [ bell ] >>reporter: at day in the jungle, donation from a church of tar pall tarpaulins.

for their prayers to be answered britain must soften its stance and at the moment there is no sign of compromise across the channel. for pbs newshour i'm malcolm brabant in calais. >> woodruff: and to the analysis of shields and brooks. that's syndicated columnist mark shields and "new york times" columnist david brooks. welcome gentlemen. so the first debate among david 10 of the 17 republicans. running for president last night. what's your assessment? >> it was great. it was a great debate. trump brings the party and i hope he stays. maybe in general they can stick him in. he lines the debate. he's not a real candidate. >> not a ream candidate?

>> he defended himself and i think he did fine. probably 70% of republicans disapprove of him a lot of things he said were astonishingly inappropriate. he wouldn't support the party, hee outside of all the categories but he is a lord of self esteem. and his main message is society is filled with losers and they happen to be running it and society has winners which are being ignored like me, and if you want winners, it is a narcissistic ideology but i think the 20% who like him will continue to like him and hang around. among the real candidates, i thought rubio did quite well carly fiorina did quite well. and john kasich did quite well make us rethink the race. >> how do you size up the race

mark? >> i don't -- donald trump fills up the hall 20 million watched, more than watching sports event and this was a sports event. trump indicated he was going to run as donald trump. the magic he established the chemistry he has with republican voters that the only person on the stage the candidate who would even take a shot at him was and pall. and -- rand paul. who went after him? the three fox moderators who were tough. they really did. and i really think he made a serious mistake by going, retaliating, attacking megan kelly. first of all,. >> when she asked him about his comment -- >> going women, miss misogynist

comments. you don't go after, it is not like you're attack chuck todd or judy woodruff. >> let's make a distinction here -- i'm not part of the liberal media. >> i'm talking about by the definition of conservative america, where fox really is the gate keeper. i think you'd agree the gate keeper and the validator. when he went after her i think he made a serious mistake. as far as the others were concerned -- >> you don't think he -- >> i thought he hurt himself i really do. he's a combination quite unlike anything i've seen before. i partially agree with david many it is egotism and cynicism. why do you give money to democrats? you give money to democrats because you give them a call and they're going to do what you

want. john kennedy said he was an idealist without illusion he. donald trump is a cynic without illusions. screw the investors, hey, that's the way it's done now. so i think he came across really by having taken on fox news and particularly chris wallace and brett behr and in particular megan kelly i think he made a mistake. >> when you said david, you thought marco rubio and john kasich stood out. >> rubio had a methodical american is america is changing fast, i get airbnb and i get uber. so he has a message kasich has a different message which is unique and reflective also of the times. which is we need growth but we need compassion. so he defends great society

social programs. he said we got ogrow and once we grow we got to share. and early in the program we had his passage of going to a marriage of gay friends. that is a broadening message, that is a general election message and rubio also has a general election message. if you oar republican mainstreamer you are thinking who can win, walking in jeb bush appeals to a lot of people. we hear people not particularly politically these two guys have something new, and something that actually could be viable. and you know florida and ohio if those two are on the ticket, you're doing okay. >> so mark you see some delineation, i mean there's now some separation between these candidates as a result of this debate? >> it is -- i would say the person who probably had the best night was carly fiorina.

>> who was on earlier. >> the earlier one. and mark russell the great satirist, said who won the debate, carly fiorina. she represents something the republicans need, they want her on that stage. when she goes after hillary clinton we can't be accused of misogyny. are marco rubio plays better to the punditocracy. he really, i think he handled himself quite well last night. i was not as impressed as other -- david and others were with john kasich, he was given the opportunity by chris wallace after donald trump made this outrageous statement about the government is sending criminals across the border chris wallace

asked him for evidence. he had no evidence. he said what about that no we're doing it because american politicians agreed it's dumb and the mexican government is smart and they're sticking us with the bill and he turned to john kasich and said what about that governor? and he said donald trump has touched into something in america, instead of confronting him. i thought rubio had a good, good night and jeb bush was wallpaper. there was no sense of command to him. >> if both of you think fiorina had a good night, the other seven, the ones 0 don't make the cut of 10 a separate debate? what does that say? >> the apology, they are polling everybody, donald trump's voters are low information voters, classically voters who don't lead in primaries. his lead is not completely but

largely artificial. meanwhile we've heard, there's a buzz about carly fiorina for the past couple of months. she's earned her way into the next calendar. >> very quick questions about the democrats a lot of reporting about whether or not joe biden might get into the race, facial reliable reporting is that he's thinking about it likes pros, cons. >> he's thinking about it. judy, he ran for first time in 1998. he ran in 2008. he's been vice president for eight years. it's always been in his dna. took a bad tumble between june and august. among woman hillary now has a negative rating. this is supposed to be her golden source of support to give her the new coalition. it has to be tempting at this point.

i think nobody knows, i would bet that he doesn't but it's got to be temping as he looks honorable. >> he shouldn't do it. he's a wonderful, wonderful man great public servant. this system the democratic party is up for systemic change. they don't want the sign of the establishment running the party. the mood of the times are certainly against him so you got opick your year. it's not his year. if he runs i think he'll do some damage to his long term reputation. >> he doesn't have a lot to choose from. woodruff: very different subject, the iran nuclear deal, the president made a passionate speech, he lost a big supporter in senator chuck schumer. is the president making any headway with this argument?

>> the president needs a third plus one in either the house or the senate, one of the two. and obviously jewish members including such as chuck schumer, are very much a target. because of understandably israel's position. 92 countries have endorsed this nuclear agreement,udy including lebanon and saudi arabia and iraq and jordan. as well as -- woodruff: egypt. >> egypt and algeria. but the united states here there is a real premium on sandy levin of michigan supporting it. chuck schumer is an important legislator, he's going to be the next leader. his colleague in new york and very close at the same time came out in support of the president's position may indicate that chuck schumer is not going to spend a lot of time

effort energy trying to proselytize members. >> how about you? >> i think it's a terrible deal not because israel does, i think it's a terrible deal that will endanger the middle east for years to come. i'm sure schumer came to the same opinion. obama is losing the debate. frankly obama's speech, a great speechmaker great arguer. sitting on the fence it's a closed issue, he said it wasn't a close issue and secondly, if you are on the fence, he was insulting you. >> equating it to going to war in iran. >> i found it was a high handed speech designed to offend not persuade. >> i do think judy, the president is making the same

case that ronald reagan made in dealing with the soviets in iran, not good people, not nice people but it is important. and i think he's making the case. woodruff: mark shields, david brooks, we thank you. champion swimmer katie ledecky is stunning the world this week with feats that have rarely been seen. the 18-year-old cruised along during her final heat at the world championships in russia today, putting her in the top spot for tomorrow's final in the 800 meter freestyle. throughout the week, she has been blowing past the competition, setting records and generating talk of historic milestones. hari sreenivasan has the story. >> sreenivasan: just to try to put this in perspective: if katie ledecky wins tomorrow, she will have completed an unprecedented sweep of the 200 400, 800 and 1,500 meter freestyles at a single world championship.

she also set world records this week. and assuming all goes well, she will have raced 6,200 meters in seven days when you include heats and relays. since winning the gold medal at the 2012 olympics, she has set 13 of the fastest racing times in history. summer sanders is a former olympic gold medal swimmer herself as well as a sports commentator and reporter who's been watching all of this. she joins me from salt lake city. >> you know there's a lot of people who don't follow swimming whosh starting to wake up to this story. -- who are starting to wake up to this story. why is this so spectacular? >> iity it goes back in history. most people remember janet evans, the queen of distance swimming. she held most of these records until katie started breaking them. we haven't seen this in distance swimming most kids who have

this distance gene, it's so difficult to train for the 800 and 1500 but the fact that katie is doing it and she's dominated time and time and time again she has this inner personality i describe it as she's a sprinter personality on the inside but a distance on the outside. i love her fist pump when she wins and her thumb -- enthusiasm when she wins. she's making distance swimming cool. >> versus essentially a mile in the pool. she did both. >> she had the distance of the 200 free style right after she shattered her own record in the 1500 free style. i'd like people to understand, that is a huge difference in swimming. we haven't seen it for a long time where we had prelims and semi. she didn't have to do that for

800 or 1500 but that's really, really difficult to do over a stretch of seven days. it takes its toll. but that makes all these records and wins so much more astonishing. >> one thing people wonder, how does she do it, is she a natural? these ar mazing times she's setting and breaking. >> i interviewed katie at the 2012 olympic trials. young katie. she was 14 now -- she's 18 now so she was 15 back then. and her big milestone next is is she going to get her driver's license? she was not too excited about her driver's license but she was really excited to go to london to compete in the olympic games. she blew everyone away at london, won the gold medal. we suddenly get to know katie

lukd. ludecky. you need to decide to put the work in and really really go for it. she's american ninja warrior. she works her tail off every single day to be at her absolute best on game day. she has the mentality. on game day she looks innocent and sweet but inside she's a tying are, she wants to win, dominate not only for herself her team her family for the sport of swimming and for distance swimming. >> there are stories of how she continued even when she was in high school to race with her high school play and go swim with her club team. this is an olympic medalist who just still enjoys swimming herself. nobody is close to her. how do you push yourself when you're in the pool and working against the world record that's held by you?

>> i know. i never had that problem hari i wish i did at times. but that would mean i had to run a really, really long race and my longest was a 400 im. you stair at a black line for hours and hours and hours. but we're really not. it's the original zen work out of swimming. you've got to get inside and decide to push yourself super-hard today. why? because you want that feeling of tumpg wall and dominating knowing that you gave it your absolute best nothing was left outside the pool, it was all left inside the pool. i think that's something that needs to be recognized and celebrated in katy. it's what makes her so unique, not just that feat that she's probably going to pull on on saturday but that inner drive, that she came back from a gold

medal to dominate again four years later. that is so incredibly difficult and what makes the olympic games so amazing and beautiful to this day. >> all right surm sanders thanks so much. >> thank you. >> woodruff: the past few years have brought growing attention to the problem of diversity in film and a new report this week shows just how wide the gap remains despite some high profile successes. jeffrey brown has the story. >> brown: special effects, action and suspense. big production films in recent years have provided plenty of what audiences have come to expect. including, according to various/numerous studies: a widespread lack of diversity. the latest research comes from the annenberg school for communication and journalism at the university of southern

california. the survey of the annual 100 top grossing films-- between 2007 and 2014-- found that just 30% of all speaking or named characters were women, while 73% of such roles went to whites. as to the film makers, only about 2% of the movies were directed by women. the website "every single word" has made a mission of highlighting the lack of diversity in movies. by compiling every line spoken by a person of color in any major film. this video, from the 2014 movie "malificent", lasted just 18 seconds. >> this leader of every single word dylan marron joins us now also an actor and writer. also with us washington post writer ann hornaday. how does this sharpen the

picture, what jumps out at you? >> i think a lot jumps out. one of the biggest things that jumped out for me is the correlation between black directors and putting black characters in their movie. this speaks to the conversation of we need more creators. the creators are already out there but what we need do is stay those creators and we need to project those creators onto a bigger screen and that way there will be accurate reflections of the professions they are representing. >> you have seen this play out? >> i've seen this firsthand yes, i've seen it in the meeting with the agents in casting calls and in general reception. >> ann hornaday, there have been critically acclaimed films. what do you see when you look

out there? >> absolutely, you know the last couple of years i've seen a flowering, this wonderful renaissance, in the way of dee reese and ava duvernay and ryan kruefler. so there's been a lot to celebrate. this year a number of the top 10 movies this year are female centric from 50 shades of gray to cindy rel april. and there are smaller movies that are featuring women rickie and the flash is coming out and the diary of a teenage girl. we get these statistics as sort of a steady drum beat and it's a reminder that we should remember not to fall over ourselves with gratitude for crumbs when the bigger picture as you point out is a lot more sobering. >> one of the possible responses

would be, this is what audiences want, this is what sells, it's a business, right? is that true? does that help explain what we see or not? >> no. yes, you're right it's a business. but this kind of lack of representation actually has three costs and the first is absolutely financial. i mean hollywood is leaving money on the table when women and african american audiences prove over and over again that they go see movies about themselves. and so for studios to not cater to those audiences, women alone women of all races buy 50% of the movie tickets and they heavily influence the other 50%. the other big cost would be esthetic in terms of just the actual stories that are being told. and the grand diversity, and sort of texture and depth of the stories that we're missing up on screen, an then the most --

maybe the most profound cost is maybe psychic in terms of especially when young people are going to the movies and they see the sort of monolithic monotone version of what it is to be authentic. >> norm why does this continue? >> i think this is largely structural right? so people are so concerned about losing money and you mentioned leaving money on the table i think these financiers, they are operating on archaic and even imaginary statistics. they are so afraid if they change up the formula if they are not putting white people in the leads, that they are going to lose money. as we see in "fast and furious" and other franchises, that's just not true.

>> dylan, your site has made a lot of inlay on social media, we see more studies on that, there is certainly more awareness at least. >> i think there's a lot of awareness. but what does that do? we just saw the trailer for the new stone wall movie come out the aaron movie about the stonewall movement. but there was oblack trans-female, and people have been aware so long i'm continuing the presentation of awareness, i just presented it in a different way. >> so ann hornaday. i want to give you a brief chance for people who want to see films that see this piece of american life that often is not portrayed where do they look? >> well, you know, i think to

dylan's point a big problem is the financing structure. and more and more the financings that are coming from international financiers or it is being oriented to international audiences. there's this assumption that only certain stories and characters will sell overseas. but we are seeing some encouraging work on indie scale. i would include an interesting story about tangerine about who trans-women's in l.a., very funny very intimately and compassionately observed and then rickey and the flash with meryl strategic plan. they are at this time getting -- merle strategic streep.

thank you all very much. on the newshour online: you may have seen the stellar photo earlier this week-- the moon "photo bombing" earth, revealing its rarely seen dark side. it got us thinking, why don't we ever get to see the far side of the moon from here on earth? we've got an explainer, on our home page. all that and more is on our web site: pbs.org/newshour. and a reminder about some upcoming programs from our pbs colleagues. gwen ifill is preparing for "washington week," which airs later this evening. here's a preview: >> ifill: what we know for sure: donald trump isn't going away. what else we know? no one else is either. we'll get to the bottom of it all-- including, why the candidates spent more time attacking each other than going

after hillary clinton. what last night's debate tells us about the state of the 2016 race. tonight, on washington week. on pbs newshour weekend saturday: a report on patients facing life and death decisions, and the doctors who are required to talk to them about it. we're waiting on a decision from a colorado jury on whether the aurora movie theater gunman gets life in prison or the death penalty. and that's the newshour for tonight. i'm judy woodruff. have a great weekend. thank you and good night. >> major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by: >> carnegie corporation of new york. supporting innovations in education, democratic engagement, and the advancement of international peace and security. at carnegie.org.

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