welcome to the cbs newshour special report. as president obama addresses the nation from the oval office.fi >> i'm judy woodruff. >> and i'm gwen ifill.we >> president obama will be talking about terrorism both from abroad and people living ii the united states. it'ste only the third time he's spoken to the american public from the p oval office both previous instances were in 2010 when he announce the the end of combat operations in iraq and assess the oil spill in the gulf of mexico. >> tonight's speech comes in the wake of what officials have declared a terrorist attack in i san bernardino california that left 14 dead and 21 others wounded. the investigation hasun spread o

pakistan and saudi arabia between the married couple who carried out frack and tashfeen malik.k. parents of a six month old may have had other attacks planned given the arsenal of pipe bombs and ammunitions discovered at their home. yesterday the fbi raided thee home of a former neighbor suspected of buying the rifles used in the assault.ss >> it was the deadliest act of terrorism on u.s. soil since 9/11 and a reminder that organizations like isis may inspire attacks here as well as direct them. t now we go to the whitehouse andu to the president of the united states. >> good evening. >on wednesday 14americans were n from family and sphwrenldz who loofd them. latinos, american born, moms and

dads, daughters and sons. oval of them served their fellow citizens. all of them were part of ourze american family. tonight i want to talk to you about this tragedy that brought a threat of terrorism and how we can keep our country safe. the fbi is still gathering the facts of what happened in san bernardino. but here's what we know. victims were brutally murdered and injured by one of their coworkers and his wife. so far we have no evidence that the killers were directed by a terrorist organization overseas or they were part of a broader conspiracy here at home. but it is clear that the two of them had gone down the dark path of radicalization, facing a perverted interpretation of islam that calls for war against america and the west.es stock pile of assault weapons, ammunitions and pipe bombs. so this was an act of terrorism, designed to kill innocent

people. our nation has been at war with terrorists since al-qaeda killed nearly 3,000 americans on 9/11. in the process, we've hardened our defenses from airports, financial centers to other critical infrastructures. intelligence and law enforcement agencies have disrupted countless plots here and overseas, working around the clock to keep us safe. our military and counter terrorism professionals have relentlessly pursued terrorist networks over seas disrupting safe havens in several different countries, killing of osama bin laden laid and the leadership. over the last few years the terrorist threat has evolved into a new phase. as we've become better at preventing complex multifastated attacks like 9/11 2r0ersz turned to less -- terrorists turned to less calculated shootings that is so common in our society.

it is this type of attack we saw in fort hood in 2009, chattanooga earlier this year, and now in surg san bernardino. the war in iraq and then syria. as the internet erases the distance between countries, we see growing efforts by terrorists to poison the mienltdz of peoplmindsof the pen marathon bombers and the san bernardino killers. for seven years i've confronted this evolving threat each and every morning in my intelligence briefing. since the day i took this office, i've thorlsed u.s. forces to -- authorized u.s. forces to take out precisely because i know how daings russ it is. as commander in chief i have no greater responsibility than the security of the american people. as a father, two young daughters who are the most precious part of my life. i know that we see ourselves with friends, coworkers at the holiday parties like the one at

san bernardino. we see our kids in the faces of the young people killed in paris. and i know that after so much war, many americans are asking whether we are confronted by a cancers that has no immediate cure. well, here's what i want you to know. the threat from terrorism is real but we will overcome it. we will destroy isil and any other organization that tries to harm us. success will depend on tough talk or abandoning our values owe giving into fears. that's what groups like isil are hoping for. instead, we will prevail by being strong and smart. resilient and relentless. by drawing upon every aspect of american power. here's how. first, our military will continue to hunt down terrorist plotters inri any country wherei is necessary. in iraq and syria, air strikesik

are taking out isil leaders, heavy weapons, oil tankers, infrastructure. since the attacks intr paris, or closest allies including france, germany and the united kingdom have ramped their contributions to the american campaign to help us accelerate our effort to destroy isil. second, we will continue to provide training and equipment to tens of thousands of iraqi and syrian forces fighting isisi on the ground to take away their safe havens.av in both countries we're deploying special operations forces that can expel rate that offensive. we've stepped up these efforts since paris and invested more in approaches that are working on the ground. third, we're working with friends and allies to stop isil's separations, cut off their financing and prevent theh from recruiting more fighters. since the awe tablgz i the attae

surged with our allies working with turkey and we are cooperating with muslim majority countries and with our muslim communities here at home that counter the ideology that isil promotes on-line. fourth, the american leadershipr the international community has begun to establish a process and time line to pursue cease firesr and a political resolution to the syrian war. doing so will allow the syrian people in every country, including our allies but also countries like russia to focusoc on the common goal of destroying isil. a group that threatens us all. thisll is our strategy to destry isil. it is design and supported by our military comarnld commands d counterterrorism experts together with 65 countries joined in an american-led coalition. we determine our strategyal to

determine when steps are nedded to get the job down. that's why homeland security will review the visa wafer program in which the female terrorists from san bernardino originally came from this country. that's why i willco urge high th and law enforcement leaders to make ito harder for terrorists o use technology to escape from justice. now, here at home, we have to work together to address the challenge. there are several steps that congress should take right awayw to begin with, congress shouldul act to make sure no one on a no fly list is able to buy a gun. what could possibly be the argument for allowing awi terrorist suspect to buy a semi automatic weapon. it's a matter of national security. we also need tor make it harder for people to buy powerful assault weapons like the onesne that were used in san bernardino. i know there are some who reject any gun safety measures. but the fact is that our intelligence and law enforcement

agencies, no matter how effective they are, cannot identify every would be analysis shooter, whether that individuai is motivated by isil or some other hatefu hateful ideology. what we can do and must do is make it harder for them to kill. next, we should put in place stronger screening for those who come to america without a visa, so that we can take a hard look whether they've traveled to war zones.s. we're working with members of both parties in congress to do exactly that. finally, if congress believes, as i do, that we are at war with isil, we should go ahead and vote to authorize the continued use of military force against these terrorists. for overte a year, i have orderd our military to take thousands of air strikes against isil targets. i think it's time for congress to vote to demonstrate that the american people are united and committed to this fight.

my fellow americans, these are the steps that we can take together to defeat the terrorist threat. let me now say a word about what we should not do. we should not be drawn once more into a long and costly ground war in iraq or syria. that's what groups like isil want. they know they can't defeat us on the battlefield. isil fighters were part of the insurgency that we faced in iraq. but they also know if we occupy foreign lands, they can maintain insurgencies for years, killing thousands of our stroops troopsg our resources, using our presence to draw new recruits. the strategy that we are using now, air strikes, special forces and working with local forces, we're fighting to regain control of their own country. that is how we'll achieve a more sustainable victory.r and it won't require us sending a new generation of americans

overseas to fight and die for another decade on foreign soil. here's what else we cannot do. we cannot turn against one another letting this fight be defined as a war between america and islam. that too is what groups like isil want. isil does not speak for islam. they are thugs and killers. part of a cult of death. and they account for a tiny fraction of a more than a billion muslims around thend world, including millions of patriotic muslim-americans who reject their hateful ideology. the vast majority of terrorist victims around the world are muslim. in defeatingucceed terrorists, we must enlist muslim communities as some of our strongest allies.al rather than push them away through suspicion and hate. that does not mean denying theth

fact that an extremist ideology has spread within some muslim communities. that's a real problem that muslims must confront without excuse. muslim leaders here and around the globe have to continue working with us to decisively and unequivocally reject the hateful ideology that groups like isil promote. to speak out not just against acts of violence but those interpretations of islam that are incompatible of the values of religious tolerance, mutual respect and human dignity. just as it is the responsibility of muslims around the world to root out misguided ideas that lead to rays cullization, it is the responsibility -- radicalization, it is the responsibility of all i america, everything to reject discrimination. it is our responsibility to reject religious tests on who we admit into this country. it's our responsibility to reject proposals that muslim americans should somehow be treated differently.

because when we travel down that road, we lose. that kind of divisiveness, betrayal of our value plays into the hands of groups like isil. muslim americans are our friends and our neighbors. our coworkers, our sports heroes. yes, they are our men and women in uniform who are willing to die in defense of our country. we have to remember that. my fellow americans, i am can dented we will succeed in this mission because we are on the right side of history. we were founded upon a belief in human dignity, no matter who you are, where you come from, what you look like or what religion you practice, you are equal in the eyes of god and equal in the eyes of the law. even in this political season, even as we properly debate what

steps i and future presidents must take to keep our country safe. let's make sure wery never forge what makes us exceptional. let's not forget the freedom been,more powerful than fear. we have always met challenges whether war or depression, natural disasters or terrorist attacks by coming together around our common ideals. one nation, one people. so long as we stay true to that tradition, i have no doubt that america will prevail. thank you, god bless you and may god bless the united states of america. >> that was president obama speaking from the oval office on the defensive from the oval speaking to hear and striving for balance.al he stressed america's commitmeni to fight isis, steps the government is taking at home and abroad to keep the country safe. he called on the american muslim community to work closely with

law enforcement to root out radicalism and he asked congress to pass legislation to make sure individuals on no fly list can't buy guns. >> i was struck when the president said we will destroy the islamic state. he said we will prevail by being strong and smart. he talked as you suggested about taking the fight to where they are in syria and iraq but he also talked about steps the utilities needs to take to keep individuals in this country from becoming radicalized. ize think notably there at the d he called on the muslim american community on its own look for radicals in its midst but as you heard him say at the end, muslim americans are our friends and neighbors. they are not people for us to fear. >> sounded a lot more than george w. bush than the presidential candidates running now. >> exactly.ct >> that concludes this pbs newshour special report. we return now to pbs's regularly scheduled program. i'm gwen ifill. >> i'm judy rude rough.

join us line for all of the president's remarks. from all of us at the pbs newshour, thank you and good night. that justified force? what kind of investigations are going on right now? >> there's several. but they're all sort of under the auspices of the city and county of san francisco. the medical examiner is doing an autopsy. san francisco police are doing a criminal investigation into just the incident in general. they will also eventually do an internal affairs investigation.

which is just regular -- i'm sorry, is just -- >> it's protocol? >> yeah. >> at least five officers have been placed on administrative leave? >> that's protocol as well for ten days minimum. all of the officers who fired in this incident will be on -- administratively reassigned they say. not necessarily on leave. they have a lot of tasks that they have to complete in this time, including a criminal interview where investigators will talk to them about this incident. >> there have been community protests about this. a number of people upset. what is san francisco's police chief saying about it? >> well, i think that he is allowing the legal process to play out while also explaining sort of protocol around use of deadly force by police when they are faced with a suspect who according to police is armed with a knife. >> in this case, they had used -- they had used pepper

spray, beanbags prior to the shots being fired. >> that's true, yes. they call those less lethal types of force that they used. again, according to police, to try to get the suspect -- mr. woods to drop the knife. san francisco police aren't armed with tasers. according to police officers i have spoken to on background since this incident they say this is another incident that shows why we need tasers. that has been controversial in san francisco. people against tasers don't want police to use them as a compliance device they say to enforce punishment on people. >> this is the san francisco police department's sixth officer involved shooting so far this year. has the chief made any changes to department policy or to training to try to reduce such a shooting? >> i think that he has. not necessarily this year, but a little bit before. a little bit in the past he put out a bulletin that i think has something to do with this case

especially because there was an instruction that went out over the radio to officers responding to the scene referencing this department bulletin. it's called create time, distance and rapport. when a suspect is not a danger to anyone else, officers have been instructed to step back and allow for some amount of deescalation. specifically in response to a high percentage of shootings of people with a mental illness. really all over the country but in san francisco as well. but once a suspect starts to present a danger to officers on the scene or to the general public, then the time, distance and rapport thing is overruled by public safety. >> and the chief has made the contention that the officer felt like his life was in danger here and that he was in the path of danger. >> that is what i understand from the chief's comments as well, yeah. but i think he will let the process play out. >> by coincidence, the same day

the commission voted on a new policy for body cameras worn by officers. at stake was whether they should be able to view videos before filing their incident report. what did the commission decide? >> right. the body camera policy is broad. that one little portion of it was a area of great contention. the commission made a compromise. they didn't say officers are never allowed to view footage after a shooting or a critical incident like this. they didn't say they are automatically allowed to either. what they said was the chief has to -- the chief of police or his or her designee has to make that call. what i hear from commissioners is that they're very interested to look back at this in about six months and see if officers are always allowed to view the footage when it's left up to the chief. >> an incident like this, would it have made a difference? would we have seen the incident from other angles and have more

clarity on the situation? >> i think -- yeah, i think the selling point or thing that people are looking forward to with body cameras in san francisco is that you get the police officer's perspective, as close as you can get with an electric device that's equipped somewhere on someone's body. >> more visual evidence, hopefully. >> yes. >> all right. alex, thank you. >> thank you. this week's big idea is called shock and kill. it's an approach that researchers at ucsf say could lead to a cure for hiv. on monday they received a $20 million grant from the foundation for aids research to test the approach. a doctor who has dedicated his career to ending hiv and aids is directing the research and he joins us now. thank you for joining us. >> great to be here. thank you. >> you have been researching and treating people infected with hiv for 34 years.

you have seen a lot of promises. some realize, some not. you have seen a lot of progress over the years. what is shock and kill? do you think it could lead to a cure? >> we sure hope it can lead to a cure. the idea is that in people with hiv who have been treated, with the drugs that we have, which are very good, there still is a certain amount of virus in the body hiding out in cells. we call that the reservoir of the virus. we want to find those cells, activate them so the body sees them and that the immune system brings them under control or that we might use other drugs to kill those cells. we want to shock the cells, wake them up, let them show they have hiv and then come in with other approaches to kill them off, to decrease the reservoir. >> what are the challenges in that? hiv hides in immune cells. it's like finding a needle in a haystack. >> it's a lot like finding a needle in a haystack.

the central problem is that it becomes part of your own dna. in these cells, that are infected, the dna of the person has the dna of the virus. it's lying there. we need to wake it up so that the body can see those cells. >> medications have come a long way. they have effectively blocked hiv enabling people to live pretty much normal lifespans now. those drugs are not considered a cure. why is that? >> the drugs we have are amazing. we have made incredible progress in controlling the virus. people can now live with their hiv infection taking as little as one pill per day. but when we stop the medicines, if we do, or if the person stops the medicines on his or her own, what we see is the virus comes back. so we know that the virus has been in the body despite the person being on treatment. that's the problem. we haven't been able to cure the

virus even though the drugs are really amazingly potent. >> so are there advances then in other diseases that you are now able to adapt and see if it works for hiv? cancer, for example. >> there's an exciting development going on in cancer where the immunology of cancer is now being manipulated to help the body recognize cancer cells and control them. we're hoping to use some of that same approach to try to cure hiv infection. but hiv has been a great model for other diseases. hepatitis c viruscurable. >> more than 35 million people are infected with hiv. are you confident that you can take the discoveries you make here and make them available to other countries, especially poorer countries, resource challenged countries? >> we do a lot of work in san

francisco abroad in resource limited countries, especially africa. they really need a cure. they need a cure probably more than we do. so one of the things that we're trying to do in this institute is come up with treatments like shock and kill that might be able to be developed in a very inexpensive form. that's part of our goal with this institute. >> prevention is still key to fighting hiv. what are we learning about effective prevention measures? >> what we have learned is that we have these amazing prevention measures in hand. the drugs we have now to treat hiv infection can be used to prevent hiv infection. the drugs can be used, if the person is being treated, we know the virus no longer is transmitted. we can stop almost all forms of transmission of hiv with the drugs we already have. now the approach is to find all the people that are infected -- that's something that san francisco's leading the way in

getting to zero. >> what make u.s you hopeful we closer to a cure more so now than ever. >> we haven't been very close in the past. now i think we have a combination of great drugs that are very potent, again very convenient and relatively non-toxic and technologies that allow us to look for the reservoir, look for the infected cells hiding in the body. and if we can combine those approaches and apply some of what we have learned about the immune control, the body's control of the virus, we think we can make progress. >> ten years from now, do you think you can say, we have found a cure for hiv? >> you know, the future is hard to predict. and i think we can promise that in five years we will have learned a lot in this effort. if we can then take that and apply it to actually treating people, i think it will take us

another five years to know if we're able to cure this virus. i think it's hopeful. >> this $20 million grant is a great way to get that going. thank you so much. >> great being here. that does it for our program for tonight. thanks for watching. for all of kqed's news coverage, go to kqednews.org.

on this edition for sunday, december 6th, president obama addresses the nation about homeh grown terrorist attacks and mass shootings. liberals and conservatives coming together on a plan to reduce poverty in america. also, the battle over net neutrality next on pbs newshour >> pbs newshour weekend is made possible by:>> lewis b. and louise hirschfeld cullman.b. bernard and irene schwartz. judy and josh weston.ar the cheryl and philip milstein family. the citi foundation. supporting innovation and enabling urban progress. sue and edgar wachenheim, iii. corporate funding is provided by mutual of america-- designing customized individual and group retirent