>> this is "bbc world news america." >> funding of this presentation is made possible by -- the freeman foundation, newman's own foundation, giving all profits from newman's own to charity and pursuing the common good, kovler foundation, pursuing solutions for america's neglected needs and hong kong tourism board. >> want to know hong kong's most romantic spots? i will show you. i love heading down to a cool space for an evening stroll. it's a perfect, stunning backdrop for making romantic moments utterly unforgettable.

i have lived in the city for years, but hong kong still makes me fall in love with it time and again. >> and now, "bbc world news america." anchor: this is bbc world news america. i am laura trevelyan. still trying to hammer out the differences to reach historic agreements. saudi arabia prepares to vote, the first time women are casting their votes and be on it. critics claim reforms are not going fast enough. burning lights shortcuts. no one give you the tips told you like mastering the ketchup bottle once and for all.

welcome to our viewers on public television in america and around the globe. after two weeks of negotiations the climate change talks in paris are coming down to the wire. officials saying a deal is nearly there. 195 countries of been taking part. the key issue is how to cut carbon emissions and curb global warming. the differences remain and the talks have been extended until saturday. our science editor has the latest. david: from the cracked earth of a dried out lagoon in brazil to a school that floats in bangladesh subclasses can run despite the floods. to the threatened islands of the pacific. climate change has potential to touch us all. >> we would be underwater if nothing is done. this is why we're asking of the global community to come.

david: the conference bringing together 195 countries was never going to be easy. the talks have stretched through tonight's running. everyone is exhausted. there is a great deal at stake. this any standard i far complicated,s most most difficult. david: what has been agreed so far these talks? the rising global temperatures is one thing. governments have settled on trying to limit the increase to two degrees celsius or 1.5. that is real progress according to some leading figures. >> if this deal holds together we have to regard it as a historic agreement. a turning point, one that will drive investment in the low carbon direction. david: this draft of the document shows how much work remains to be done. each of these words marked in

square brackets has not yet been agreed. the dispute over a single one of be enough to paralyze the whole process. negotiations are still underway behind the scenes. so what exactly is still unsettled here? this nasa animation shows a swirl of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. there is a dispute about cutting the screen has asked which is blamed for global warming. the largest emitter is china but because it is developed as -- regarded as a developing country it is not under pressure to make cuts. others say it should. should you cut your greenhouse gases? >> yes, we are cutting our greenhouse gases. rising.hey are still it calls for emissions to rise until 2030. >> after that hopefully it will be coming down.

dispute, whor should be paying for the costs of global warming? the poorest countries are said to be hardest hit. the philippines is more vulnerable to intense rain and it says it cannot afford to cope on its own. >> we need to. , invest for our future, for our notrity but it is just enough. given what we are already facing. david: will anything agreed to make a difference? havethan 180 countries come up with plans but they fall short of what researchers say is needed to head off dangerous warming. >> the gap between what is promised and what science is is really big so countries would need to go twice as fast in their decarbonization. they would need to reduce as twice as fast. david: the floods in cumbria raised questions about global

warming making storms more intense. a red alert on pollution last week in china was a reminder of the health impacts of burning ccal. and fires in indonesia released more greenhouse gas in a month than germany doesn't a year. with all this concern, hopes are high that a deal will be done. lauren: our guest is here. what will determine whether aese talks in paris deliver horse -- a historic agreement? kelly: this is known as

differentiation. as it comes down to the final wire these seem to be the main sticking points in the negotiations. not intending to curb its a missions until 2030, that seems very, doesn't it? kelly: china's commitment is quite historic. as the biggest overall emitter but yet still a rapidly growing developing country, the rely primarily on coal and its energy system is challenging. their commitment to achieve peak in their missions around 2030 and my combined with the second commitment they made which was to achieve 20% of their energy from non--fossil sources at the same time requires them to take extra name measures to shift their economy from a coal-based

economy to one relying on clean energy. they would have to build the equivalent of the entire u.s. carboncity system from free sources between now and 2030 so it is quite a significant task. anchor: the philippines are saying they cannot pay for the cost of climate change by themselves. should the developed world cough up and will it? >> this is one of the hard issues for the negotiations. the industrialized countries have put a lot of money on the table but the developing countries are contending it is not enough. they are asking for more commitments from the industrialized countries, particularly public commitments, government resources instead of private sector commitments. the developing countries want the government commitments on the table and they are furthermore arguing that developing countries even those with the capacity to make

contributions to climate finance should not be required to do that. this is one of the final sticking points is who is required to pay? our advanced and developing countries that do have some capacity to contribute to limit finance, should they be doing that, or do they have no obligation? it is a very difficult issue and it is proving to be extremely contentious in the negotiations. anchor: kelly sims gallagher, thank you for joining us. on saturday it will go to the polls in saudi arabia for the first time ever, women are being allowed to stand for elections as well as vote. the ballot is for seats on the municipal councils. there are nearly 1000 women hoping to win seats. while some say this is a step toward reform others argue it is a token measure.

reporter: the view from the top in riyadh. a sprawling view of the city under tight control. if change comes here it is at a faceal pace but women, who many restrictions, are now getting a glimpse of democracy. tv ads are reaching out to saudi's calling on them to cast their ballots for local councils. for the first time, women can vote and be candidates. soma has been running voter classes with the saudi nonprofit organization. she was the first woman in riyadh to put her name down to vote. >> the voting center was a public school and we went in and for us to waiting register were excited to see us

come in. we were the first to walk in. just going through the process, writing the paper, filling out the information was a wonderful feeling. i knew that this was a day in history. reporter: the election may make history but any woman going to vote will not be able to drive herself there. she took the wheel here in the past, she was jailed for 73 days. young activist was disqualified from running in the election. she challenged that and is back in the race. she says there is a hard road ahead for saudi women. how long do you think it will wait -- take for women to achieve equal rights, do you think it can be achieved? rights, the entire package, it will take forever. i will not be alive to actually witness it. to win rights step-by-step like the one and hopefully

driving one, it will take time and they will have to come step-by-step. reporter: some say there is less to the election than meets the eye including one of the leading campaigners for women's rights. >> i did not submit my name because i am boycotting the election. i have my reasons for that. i am a human rights activist and women it's got to elect they should be a full citizen. reporter: do you think this election is window dressing? >> kind of. reporter: the window dressing may not distract from concerns about saudi justice. while some are counting down to the election, some may be counting down to their execution. 150sty international says people have been put to death here this year, the highest

recorded figure in two decades. 50re are fears that another prisoners could be executed soon. its judiciaryays is independent and it rejects any interference in its internal affairs. but the new monarch knows his kingdom is under increasing scrutiny. anchor: in other news, the afghan taliban say they carried out a carbonic's motion close to the spanish embassy in an district.iplomatic the spokesman said blast during rush-hour was a suicide attack in heavy fighting was continuing. the afghan police said seven insurgents fired guns after the explosion. the kremlin is appearing to roll back on remarks on syria. he said russia was providing their support and weapons to the free syrian army. it seemed to be the first time

moscow has said it is backing president assad's opponents. supportingsia was what he called the legitimate authorities. the sunday france will go to the polls and a second round of elections. the front national is battling for control in many regions. what is -- one of the most fiercely contested seats is in northern france. marine le pen want -- 141% of the vote sunday. the c williamson's looks at what is on voters' minds there. lucy: habits you not easily change here. at the fifth market they still shook scallops by hand, fresh belowhe sea that morning. the surface, there are fast flowing changes taking place. moste's far right one on 50% of the voting in last weekend. it used to be the socialist party that won elections here.

it is because of the lack of jobs, i am told. i think it is very dangerous. longer dropboats no their catch here, the river is to silt to do. a bit like the economy here says a local. he is considering voting for the front national the sunday because things have not changed enough. >> they have managed to lance the boil. it is ethical to move the french. we enter and injure until we snap. i think that the situation -- that is the situation we are in now. lucy: marine le pen won the election here. half the votes winter. what she says she wants is policies that put french people

first. this used to be a socialist stronghold. now many of those voters say they feel economically insecure and politically invisible. into that scene has walked marine le pen with her invitation to those she calls france's forgotten ones. in the christmas markets there are plenty who say she has got it right. >> we want to be french and we for france to become france. lessee: the tactical withdrawal by the socialist candidate has led to a boost in support for the main rival. they say she gets votes by pointing to problems like calle's migrants, something he has a solution for. >> i will push the quarterback

to dover if you do not tackled the issue of migrant work in the u.k. the border is in dover, not in calais and we are doing your job here. lucy: the vote is expected to be and hanging over it, a second question, who will win hand 16er prize on months from now and be the president of france? anchor: still to come. of objects.rove we opened the door to get a glimpse. until aew days to go crew change on the international space station including tim take. the first british astronaut to make the trip. crews have unusual rituals. gagarin. this is yuri the first man in space. cruise ever since have copied

many of the things he did in the hope that will bring them luck. before the crew go up in one of these, there is a series of rituals they have to go through and tim peek is no exception. the crews have planted a tree here. yuri gagarin did it first and there is an alley of trees is a living memory to all of those who have been up in space from here. there is another way they leave their mark. as tim peek himself told me. >> on the final morning once we for space flight we will be in our flight costumes and we will sign the doors. we are allocated a door in the cosmonaut hotel. we will each sign a door. reporter: not long to go until launch day. they are in quarantine but the traditions go on. on their last nervous night on earth they will sit down to a

classic in soviet cinema. soviet rockto a song singing nostalgically here -- about life here on earth. when yuri gagarin was preparing for lunch he asked the music to be put through his headphones to call his nerves. he had russian love songs for him. he selected three tracks to be --yed as he prepares to be to make british space history. ♪ let's face it. life does not come with a handy how-to manual. whether it is learning the tricks to a mobile phone or how to light a fire without a match.

helpspogue's new book navigate it all. the founder of not -- yahoo! tech shared his essential tips. book is absolutely chock of revelations. can you tell us how dry spaghetti can be so much more useful than i ever dreamed? piece of spaghetti burns like a match, like a very long match. it is great for lighting multiple candles without doing match after match and it is great for lighting grills or fireplaces were you have to reach in. it is like a very long match. anchor: you solved one of life's internal mysteries. how do you get the tomato catchup flowing out of the bottle? david: most people try to get it by banging it. hold it from the bottom and swing it around you in a big circle. fly intos the catch up the neck of the bottle where it is easy to pour out.

anchor: this was my favorite. when you're driving along the highway, what is your typical knowing which side the exit is going to be on? david: here is the thing i love about some of the chicks in this book. designers of important things put things in their for our information but the word never got out and this is a classic example. american highway signs, the ones that say detroit, five miles. on top there is a sign that says exit three. that is on the right or the left of the bigger side according to what side of the highway the exit will be on. it lets you know what lane to be in. anchor: you have a lot of tech tips. tell us how we can use our phone to remember where we parked our car. david: there are these apps that are free. carof them called find your ar.

you say you parked and some detect that automatically. when you are ready to find your car they act as a sort of radar. there is a compass arrow that points as you walk through the parking lot or garage and lead you back to your car. workare free and they really well. anchor: your very generous to share these tips. what is your motivation? david: it is a personal failing of my. i have no tolerance for steps and red tape and inefficient operations. i have gone through life looking shortcuts and asking everyone i know for their shortcuts. anchor: you have practical emotional advice toward the end. what do you see as being the key to a happier life? david: the things that lead to ,ong-term happiness companionship, trying new things, and taking control of your own life. anytime you start to feel like you have no power over your own life even if it is as simple as i will join up to club on my

own, it gives you a sense of self direction that makes you longer-term happy. howor: that and knowing john block the catch bottle. thanks for joining us. david: thank you. there. life's shortcuts we have gone to museums and marveled at their collections but what happens to those glorious objects when they are markn display question many are stored but now they are headed to a new, mmre accessible location. this looks a little like a prison and in a way, it is. for the millions of inmates locked appear, they are not humans but the products of their imagination. 100,000 items here. the building is packed with treasures belonging to some of our major museums that are not required for display. spaceof it as a massive

for curators to call upon. >> this rather fabulous dress is by gareth pugh. reporter: it could be decades before it is seen in public again but yyu could by appointment come here for private you. check out this chinese dragon wrote. >> this would have been from the chinese imperial court. story is this. what makes it special is you have these garments, a belgian designer created these, heavily influenced by his research on these. reporter: they have 2 million objects stored behind shuttered racks which look boring. pots from the era of stonehenge. you can see mostly decorated things. keeping dry for

materials in and being able to cover them up. reporter: they are beautiful. withcience wing is coming racks full of microscopes and barometers. >> we have a huge prosthetic limb collection. this is where him -- from world war i. objects, millions of but many of which will not see the light of day. there is a cost and responsibility. >> that is why the skill of the curator is paramount. you're making a judgment call at the moment of collection. asked thethey have museums to find a new home for their collections. -- preferably one that makes it accessible to the public. treasuresdden

bringing today's broadcast to a close. you can find much more on our website. to reach me and the team, just go to twitter. thanks for watching and have a great weekend. >> make sense of international news at bbc.com/news. >> funding of this presentation is made possible by -- the freeman foundation, newman's own foundation, giving all profits from newman's own to charity and pursuing the common good, kovler foundation, pursuing solutions for america's neglected needs, and hong kong tourism board. >> ♪ >> want to know hong kong's most romantic spots? i will show you. i love heading down for an evening stroll. it's a perfect, stunning

backdrop for making romantic moments unforgettable. i have lived in the city for years, but hong kong still makes me fall in love with it time and again. >> "bbc world news" was presented by kcet, los angeles.

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