last night in new hampshire. it was one of the most contentious meetings in the election cycle so far. one of the sticking points: how the candidates would get things done. >> i am not going to make captioning sponsored by promises i can't keep. newshour productions, llc i am not going to talk about big >> woodruff: good evening. i'm judy woodruff. on the newshour tonight: ideas like single-payer and then democrats square off in a contentious debate, as not level with people about how republican candidates jockey for much it will cost. survival just days before the >> now all of the ideas that i'm new hampshire primary. talking about, they are not radical ideas. then, a report from the epicenter of the zika outbreak doing-- making public colleges and universities tuition-free, in brazil, where scientists are that exists in countries all racing against time. over the world, used to exist in and, from a new restaurant owner the united states. to a resilient mother in a muddy camp, the many lives of the >> woodruff: that brings us to the analysis of shields and brooks. syrian refugees now living in lebanon. that's syndicated columnist mark shields and "new york times" columnist david brooks. >> a mountain can't move me. i have children that i have to welcome, gentlemen. raise. so this is the first time, mark, i need to look after them. we've seen just the two of them on the debate stage. >> woodruff: and, it's friday. what did you make of it? mark shields and david brooks >> i thought they played their are here, to analyze the week's roles exceedingly well. news. i mean, you had the all that and more on tonight's pbs newshour. battle-tested, experienced,

pragmatist concerned with results against this fresh new face, 74 years old, the outside crusader with a noble cause, and i thought each of them kind of >> major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by: made their respective case well. obviously, want to give a shout out quite honestly to chuck todd ♪ ♪ and rachel maddow who i thought did a great job moderating. no artificial times imposed. hillary clinton comes across better in person if you read the transcript. what is missing, there's great factual command but nothing moving our economy for 160 inspirational or aspirational years. about her canned si at this point and i think that's bnsf, the engine that connects us. missing. bernie is a lot of inspiration, and he's excited. democrats are a glandular party, they love to fall in love and an awful lot have fallen in love with bernie. >> woodruff: glandular party? >> lincoln financial-- i'm not going to explore that

committed to helping you take metaphor. charge of your life and become (laughter) you're own chief life officer. you know, he does have passion and he has policies, he's the >> supporting social most predictable candidate entrepreneurs and their solutions to the world's most pressing problems-- imaginable. he talks ability wall street, skollfoundation.org. then his policies. free college education, a >> the ford foundation. terrible idea, good way to working with visionaries on the frontlines of social change worldwide. subbed diedz the affluent, but still a policy. >> and with the ongoing support of these institutions: the health thing is a policy, the attack on wall street is a policy. clinton has policies, she has and friends of the newshour. white papers written somewhere in the campaign, but her main thing when she's talking, it's a process, i can get things done in a certain way, it's more gradualist. who's marching to the flag of >> this program was made possible by the corporation for gradualism? public broadcasting. and by contributions to your pbs so rhetorically, there is a station from viewers like you. disadvantage there that he's got thank you. substance and she's got a process. fink you're just a random voter, that's not just campaign style. >> woodruff: it's the final you look at her record and the weekend before the new hampshire primary and the eyes of the political world are focused on the granite state. secretary of state has a lot of candidates are dashing across the state to win over as many process, but what vision did she

votes as possible. bring to the job? political director lisa this is a knock on the desjardins, who is in manchester, reports that when the two remaining democrats took secretary. how would she be as president? center stage together, they >> woodruff: he said her heated up a cold new england night. wall street connections, that >> reporter: four days before she's not enough of a the balloting, the democratic progressive. how did she stand up to that? race is now about defining, and >> i don't think she has an definitions. >> well, let me start by saying answer, judy, quite honestly. that senator sanders and i share i mean, she showed her some very big progressive goals. >> reporter: "progressive"-- independence. she challenged him to show a that was hillary clinton's key vote where she changed her word from minute one, even as policy, where she changed bernie sanders tried to tie her because of her contributions, to a different word: "moderate." but it's a mystery to people close to the hillary clinton campaign who was separated in 2000 from the clinton foundation, from all the outside >> it is what she said, and all that i said was, there's nothing fundraising when she became wrong with being a moderate. but, you can't be a moderate and united states senator, went to you can't be a progressive. >> reporter: sanders attacked, the secretary of state's job and and clinton countered: >> but if we're going to get through 2013, she was insulated into labels, i don't think it was particularly progressive to vote against therady bill five and isolated from some of the times. ( applause ) mishaps or happenings going on i don't think it was progressive to vote to give gun makers and at the foundation or allegation. sellers immunity. >> reporter: minutes later, she comes out, instead of another sharp exchange, over sanders' repeated mention of the remaining pristine, she plunged speaking fees clinton previously collected from banks. into that, knowing full well it >> there is this attack that he

was going to be raised, and it is putting forth, which really remains a mystery. i don't think she does have an comes down to-- you know, answer, i really don't, and i think she's tapped into anybody who ever took donations something that's very deep in or speaking fees from any the democrati democratic party. the democrats are generally interest group has to be bought. overwhelmingly dissated pointed and i just absolutely reject in barack obama and eric holder that, senator. that nobody for the millions of people who lost their homes in so i think it's time to end the the mortgage crisis and banks very artful smear that you and that nobody has ever been held your campaign have been carrying out... accountable. >> ( inaudible ). >> woodruff: how do you think she deals with the wall street ( applause ) >> in recent weeks, and let's talk... issue? >> early on, extremely poorly, ( booing ) that's the money they offered me ... let's talk about the issues. >> let's talk-- let's talk about so i took it. that was not good. issues, all right? scares better in the debate. let's talk about why, in so she has to have some answer. the 1990s, wall street got de-regulated. they're going to ask her to did it have anything to do with release the transcripts of the the fact that wall street remarks. i strongly suspect she will provided-- spent billions of never do that because she dollars on lobbying and campaign probably said nice things about contributions? the audiences that were paying her so much money. well, some people might think, i don't think it influenced her yeah, that had some influence. ( laughter ) votes, so i think she's right about that, but it doesn't look >> reporter: sanders hammered good. the weird thing about the home a chief campaign issue for democratic party is wall street has become the center of evil in him: that wall street is hoarding wealth and politicians the count. i didn't like what happened in have left it uncontrolled.

>> it is not one street. 2008. i think the fees these head wall street is an entity of funds charge are crazy, unbelievable economic and especially given their political power. performance, but the problems of that's a fact. the middle class are caused by technological change and globalization. they're not primarily caused by >> reporter: sanders also launched his top charge against clinton: wall street, and creating this >> not only did i vote against that war, i helped lead the opposition... boogie man, as sanders does, as >> reporter: raising her 2002 vote that authorized the iraq war... >> look, we did differ. wall street, that is the wrong a vote in 2002 is not a plan to problem, and he's creating a defeat isis. we have to look at the threats false narrative, which just is that we face right now... ( applause ) an economic reality of why we have wage stagnation and >> reporter: ...but that led to inequality and the rest. >> woodruff: what about him a longer back-and-forth, where going after her? we've heard different iterations clinton sharply questioned some of sanders' foreign policy of this that she's truly not grasp. progressive enough, that she's >> ...such as inviting iranian troops into syria to try to part of the -- >> yeah, i don't think a lot of resolve the conflict there; democrats spend a lot of time putting them right at the doorstep of israel. arguing about whether you're progressive or unprogressive, asking saudi arabia and iran to whatever. she has a record. to some degree, she's almost work together, when they can't like the incumbent, judy. stand each other and are engaged for 25 years, she's been going in a proxy battle right at this to new hampshire. moment. her identification with children's and family issues is >> i fully, fully concede that deep and strong, but i really do

secretary clinton, who was secretary of state for four think this is -- david makes the years, has more experience-- case on technological change and that is not arguable-- in so forth, but i think the foreign affairs. reaction to the mortgage crisis was this is a terrible thing, we but experience is not the only must find the people who did it point, judgment is. and give them billions of dollars. i mean, that was basically the >> reporter: as new hampshire response. i think there is just a simmering anger that remains presently in the electorate. he knows exactly what he believes. he said the said thing for so long. he's never going to be tripped democrats watched this clash up. he's totally consistent. unfold last night... >> and she negotiation after some republicans saw another former first lady's return to the spotlight. him, as we've heard, david, for barbara bush was out touting son jeb's make-or-break push, in just having these pie in the sky derry, new hampshire. ideas that he can never carry >> he's not a bragger, we don't out. allow that. >> well, i think she's right about that. i think they're unaffordable. >> reporter: voters still came out to see john kasich in hollis for his 99th town hall. i think "the washington post had his campaign-- like that of jeb bush-- hinges on a solid showing a good editorial on how in next tuesday's primary. the snow didn't get in the way unaffordable these things are. of several women senators, either. unless he can sweep the house of they joined new hampshire's representatives and et 60 votes governor in manchester today, in a bid to give clinton-- their in the senate, he has no implementation strategy. former colleague-- a post-debate boost. does she have one? that's a good question. you could argue maybe. i'm not sure she have has a four days to go and it is

already a blitz-- even with the better implementation strategy snow, candidates held some 20 either. it's not as if the clintons are events today, like the marco rubio event happening here at nonorallizing, they are polarizing figures, but she certainly has a better shot at this middle school. implementation strategy than bernie sanders or ted cruz. i mean, it's tough to hear any one note about this event. the rubio campaign was happy to tell me they originally of these candidates give you a scheduled this for the cafeteria plausible story about how they of this school but they had more people show up than expected and moved it to the gym. can possibly get it pazed in judy. >> woodruff: that's prizing they would want to share that this climate. information with you, lisa. >> ted cruz gets a big lift >> imagine! coming out of iowa but said >> woodruff: so you have been new hampshire is not great to several candidate events today. political territory for him. what are the voters saying to >> no, one-third of you? >> reporter: we talked to new hampshire voters are new hampshire voters who go to these events. to be honest, i feel a lot are still soft. self-identified e.g.icle than most seem to be honing in on their own private list of two or iowa. religion does not play a central three candidates and what role. i think he's been on the surprised me was the combination defensive ever since iowa of candidates. i talked to two different voters because of the dirty tricks or whatever you call them toward today looking at one democrat and one president. for example a man i talked to, ben carson and somebody who part about bernie sanders and marco of his basic speech says we must rubio. that's a combination that might raise up the body of christ in his rallying cry.

surprise people, but he said what he's looking for is i mean, this raises a little integrity. that's a word i heard hypocrisy or inconsistency. throughout. also here at this event, those looking at rubio, the i will be fascinated to see if republicans, it does seem like they're considering rubio ben carson in saturday night's against trump or rubio against debate uses his time to cruz, but the key there, judy, reprimand and censor ted cruz in is that these are voters who say they weren't paying that much his tactics. ted cruz said they're not going attention to marco rubio, say, a month ago. to spend more time and effort now they're here and want to see and resources in new hampshire. him in person. >> woodruff: so ted cruz, then >> woodruff: so are you picking up a sense that rubio we look at donald trump who has benefited from coming in third in iowa, a close third to david was leading in iowa and came in at a distant four or donald trump? >> i think absolutely he's five points behind. the air came out of some of that benefited. now, i don't think he's locked in those votes yet, but i think balloon. where does he go? he has people considering him >> he can't afford to stay in new hampshire, there, who were not before. apparently can't afford the i also think marco rubio is hotels there and has to stay benefiting from doubts about the home in new york. other candidates about the fight (laughter) me's magnify -- he's magnifying between donald trump and ted his weaknesses. some of the things he said and cruz. donald trump saying ted cruz doesn't get along with anyone. tweeted, saying i actually would have won iowa but cruz cheated. i've heard that from people here today at this rubio event. operated, ted cruz saying that that's unnerving. donald trump is a hothead who that's not the way you react to a defeat. if anybody had doubts to his

can't be trusted say with the nuclear arsenal. i've heard that as well. stability with the nuclear rubio seems to be benefiting trigger, this magnifies it. from the fight between the top with cruz, he has an iron wall two. around him. he has extremely conservative how that will end, i don't know. voters locked down but it's hard rubio has to prove himself on his own. to reach out to anybody else. donald trump wasn't in the state there is an iron wall separating today as we said because of the weather, and he is trying to him from moderate voters and other kinds of republicans. reangle his campaign, judy, if you look at the post-iowa trying to do more retail polls in new hampshire, you see politics than we've seen before. cruz -- i mean, trump dipping a so far his campaign hasn't little, rubio rising a lot so he proven they know quite how to do looks like the alternative and that but they're trying. if they can pull that off, it cruz getting no bounce because of that wall around him. might help him here. >> woodruff: is it thought not >> woodruff: and i want to ask being in the state today will you about rubio in a minute, matter for donald trump? but, mark, do i hear both of you by the way, both democrats, hillary clinton and bernie sanders, are going to be leaving the state for part of the saying it's hard for trump to weekend. find some kind of footing in >> reporter: right, the new hampshire? tightest race we have, the >> well, i mean, he's enjoyed a democratic race, if you look nationally, both candidates are large lead in all the public taking time from the campaign opinion polls until now. trail. bernie sanders is going to be on someone who pred cates i'm a winner and the people on the "saturday night live" with larry other side are losers and david, and then hillary clinton doesn't win, that's what he was is going to flint, michigan. those are two very different selling, there was something special about him, and i don't

events but shows both these know, i think the debate candidates are looking past saturday night, not to put new hampshire, maybe for everything into that, but it's different reasons -- hillary going to be a test of him and clinton knowing she's behind, wanting to talk to, perhaps, policies. i mean, for example, in an flint, michigan, a group that interview with anderson cooper, could appeal, to say, he said the united states gave south carolina, where there are a lot of african-american and iran $150 billion. i mean, now, the united states lower-income voters. bernie sanders trying to appeal more broadly nationally where he didn't give iran. it was iran's money, their and clinton are the closest. assets that have been frozen. as for donald trump, i think his real holes on policy matters, i think, are a real voters notice when a candidate is not here and i think the problem for him, and, you know, trump campaign is aware of that. we'll watch and see if he starts i don't know, if rubio were to schedule more events. certainly the trump campaign finish first in new hampshire, i wants to win but they're used to think it basically propels him large speeches and they're retooling for the retail in a remarkable fashion. >> what is this magic, david, politics of new hampshire. >> we know voters in new hampshire and iowa expect to that rubio seems to have caught? see their candidates and see them often. so we will see. by the way, we have these other lisa desjardins in new hampshire three well-known establishment for the weekend through the duration, thank you! candidates -- john kasich, chris >> my pleasure, thank you. christie, jeb bush -- who finished way back in iowa but

>> woodruff: in the day's other still trying hard to show up in news, the government's latest jobs report showed hiring slowed substantially in january, from new hampshire. >> they're trying hard but the the month before. the labor department said u.s. employers added 151,000 jobs. iowa result gave him distance. at the same time, the unemployment rate dropped to if they don't tie or beat him, i 4.9% last month, its lowest don't see any continued justification for their level in eight years. continued campaigns. that's not how they're talking and wages-- average hourly but it's reality. rubio has gotten a nice bump. earnings-- rose significantly. he's a good communicator and the important thing is he's president obama hailed the news this afternoon at the white acceptable to all parts of the house. >> we should be proud of the party. we forget, he ran as a tea party progress we've made. candidate. >> woodruff: right. we have recovered from the worst but now he's seen as economic crisis since the 1930s, mr. moderate. i think he's in the 77 the worst in my lifetime and the lifetime of most of the people in this room, and we've done it percentile of conservatism in the republican congress co, more faster, stronger, better, more durably than just about any conservative than the average congressional republican but other advanced economy. means he's pretty conservative, he's acceptable to all sides, >> woodruff: the mixed jobs data has a nice disposition. sent stocks plunging on wall street today. the dow jones industrial average dropped nearly 212 points to we'll see what mark says in the close just under 16,205. debate how he handles it. >> woodruff: what about these the nasdaq fell more than 146

points, and the s&p 500 lost 35. for the week, the dow was down more than a percent. four? >> he's an incredibly the nasdaq fell 5%, and the disciplined candidate. he's on message, he's running on s&p 500 lost 3%. biography and he's broadly acceptable to all the elements a 6.4 magnitude earthquake has in his own party. rocked southern taiwan. and he also is implicit it was centered about 27 miles electability, and - -- and the southeast of tainan and struck about six miles underground. local media reported multiple others, this is it. buildings had collapsed in the jon huntsman made this fight in city that is home to nearly two million people. 2012. one of them breaks through and there was no immediate word on almost closes, i don't think any casualties. >> woodruff: in syria, of them expects to be second at pro-government forces aided by this point, and i think it's russian airstrikes tightened going to be tough to go on, their grip around aleppo. especially if rubio gets the they captured the town of ratyan, less than 15 miles away. bounce. >> woodruff: i remember one of the people at this table maybe a rebel commander said the both of you speaking rubio some northern aleppo countryside has now been "totally encircled." time ago. a few nights and both of you meanwhile, turkey estimates will be with us on tuesday 15,000 syrians have arrived at night. david brooks, mark shields. >> thank you. glment their border, but it's unclear

how many will be let in. relief groups have set up tents on the syrian side for temporary shelter. >> woodruff: next, this is super bowl weekend. the heavily-favored carolina panthers will face off with the united nations' children's the denver broncos on sunday, for football's biggest prize. agency, unicef, reports that's hari sreenivasan has our story. at least 200 million girls and women around the world have been subjected to genital mutilation. >> sreenivasan: a tv audience of nearly 190 million is expected to tune in to see carolina that is 70,000 more cases than in 2014. it attributed the rise to both panthers quarterback cam newton go head-to-head with sentimental population growth and increased favorite payton manning, leading reporting. the denver broncos. female genital mutilation occurs in at least 30 countries. both teams spent this week in preparations. but half the victims live in the game caps a season of big egypt, ethiopia and indonesia. rivalries, bigger set-backs and twitter is cracking down on some surprise come-backs. accounts that promote terrorist activity. in a new book, "this is your brain on sports," the company said today it's "sports illustrated's" already suspended more than executive editor jon wertheim, along with co-author sam sommers 125,000 accounts, mostly linked of tufts university, explore the to the islamic state. psychology and behavior of sports teams and their fans. it's also increasing the and for a closer look, jon staffing of teams that review wertheim joins me now. accounts flagged for extremism so they can catch suspicious users faster. a united nations' human rights so, "this is your brain on sports." why the book? panel ruled today that wikileaks >> there is so much that goes on in sports it sometimes

irrational or counterintuitive. founder julian assange should be allowed to walk free. we dismiss it that these are the rules in sports and we want to the group said he's been know what are the underpinnings, "arbitrarily detained" by the everything from the crazy british and swedish governments, t-shirt cannon we go crazy about who have long sought to extradite assange to sweden to to the fact teams elevate and face rape charges he's denied. assange emerged onto the balcony what is the psychology. of ecuador's embassy in london, >> sreenivasan: it likely where he's taken refuge since might be one of peyton manning's 2012, to celebrate the panel's findings. last days. sometimes when two teams get together at the super bowl it's >> how sweet it is. a much bigger deal for entire cities and fans. why is that? this is a victory that cannot be denied. >> rivalries is one of the intentional elements of sports it's a victory of historic and the research says there really is a difference in performance a run of the mill importance, not just for me, for versus rivalry game. my family, for my children, but physiologically, testosterone and saliva levels are different for the independence of the u.n. system. and scores tend to be closer. you put kids alone to take the >> woodruff: british foreign secretary philip hammond s.a.t. and then in a room when repudiated the u.n. ruling, which is not legally binding. there are other kids and they >> julian assange is a fugitive from justice. score better when there are

other kids. he is hiding from justice in the ecuadorian embassy. we bid on ebay. when we bid just us, our bidding he can come out on the pavement anytime he chooses, he is not parterns change bother bids. being detained by us, but he it changes performance, rivalry. will have to face justice in >> sreenivasan: one of the sweden if he chooses to do so. precious people don't think about with the super bowl is the and it is right he should not be pressure on the coaches on the able to escape justice. sidelines, and you kind of point out that the denver coach is a this is frankly a ridiculous relatively new one. finding by the working group and we reject it. the one before that denver coach was a pretty darn good one, too. >> woodruff: london police have >> in the n.f.l., especially, you have a monstrous turnover. three years is the average said that they will arrest assange if he tries to leave the tenure for a coach. ecuadorian embassy. we're only playing 16 games. it's unclear whether the u.s. is also seeking his arrest not a lot of data points. related to wikileaks' release of ron rivera, top quartile for hundreds of thousands of secret u.s. documents. and there will be no big dance longevity. we say, why is there a turnover appearance for the louisville cardinals this year. of coaches? we think it's action bias, that the university of louisville announced a self-imposed your owners and teams, 8 and 8, post-season ban for its men's basketball team today. fans are saying make a change, it comes as the n.c.a.a. is or 9 and 7. the owners say, we have to make investigating claims that it look like we care. escorts were paid to dance and again, this is human behavior. have sex with recruits and

players. we do it all the time. it's why we're too quick to buy the university's president said and sell stocks, why physicians a separate internal investigation revealed, offer too many ests the. "violations had occurred." the moral to have the story is stand there, don't just do and former "apollo 14" astronaut edgar mitchell has died. something. but what we see is owners are mitchell was a part of the 1971 very quick on the trigger and denver has a first year coach in lunar mission, becoming the sixth of only 12 people to ever gary kubiak. walk on the surface of the moon. >> sreenivasan: you said great he died last evening in florida players don't necessarily make good coaches. following a short illness. >> right. and it's funny. edgar mitchell was 85 years old. ron rivera and gary kubiak were still to come on the newshour: both n.f.l. players but not brazil's race against time to pro bowl players, serviceable combat the zika virus; syrian players. you look at the best players in refugees struggle to call sports, michael jordan, wain lebanon home; mark shields and gretzky, not great coach or david brooks on this week in politics; psychology of sports assessors of talent. we call curse of expertise. ahead of sunday's super bowl; you get so good at a task you plus, the causes and consequence skip steps and it becomes hard of distrust in government. to articulate what's going on. so mile mile was a brilliant basketball player but he skipped steps to get there, and when it

came time to inl instruct, not a good idea for a coach. >> woodruff: u.s. health officials put out new guidance today about the zika virus. in sports, we see guys who for the first time, they recommended that men who have played, they didn't pull the traveled to an area with zika guys offt( the street, but they should use condoms if they have weren't at the top echelon, sex with a pregnant woman-- for actually better able to the entire duration of the pregnancy. articulate what's going on. >> sreenivasan: jimmy conners the c.d.c. also says those men and andy, he couldn't tell him may want to consider abstaining from sex with women who are trying to get pregnant. how to improve his game. while the disease is overwhelmingly spread by >> conners, it was fight hard or mosquitoes, questions about hit the ball. three possible cases of sexual roddick's next coach went down a transmission led to the new guidelines. level. he saw the game completely in brazil, zika has been found differently. again, he was not afflicted by in the saliva and urine of two people. this curse of expertise. and more than one million people >> sreenivasan: there is another thing in the book, are there are said to be infected with zika. our science correspondent, miles quarterbacks better looking on o'brien, is covering the story, and joins me now from recife, average? why is that? brazil... where carnival >> the quarterbacks, whether celebrations are beginning. tom brady or cam newton at the highest level or the high school quarterback who dates the

so, miles, this is a country that's hardest hit in a big cheerleader, we have this idea the quarterbacks are the best looking guys. we devised an experiment where annual holiday. >> yes, judy. here we are in the middle of we actually tested that in sort this public health crisis and this celebration, this national of a blind taste test assessed the looks of different players holiday begins on this night, by positions and the carnival. quarterbacks actually ranked what's interesting about towards the bottom. carnival is at the very core the so why do we think the philosophy the forget your quarterback is good looking? troubles and party like there is a lot of factors, some is no tomorrow. that's how the brazilians view it and why in most cases the conflating other qualities, he's party has gone on. the leader, most important i talked to a lot of public position in sports. health officials and doctors and it's the halo effect. scientists who have been involved in this hurt for some there are qualities we like in action and way to control the someone and we conflate other zika outbreak, and many of them sorts of qualities. we like peyton manning and he impress misgivings about it, becomes good looking. frankly, but the show is going on. >> woodruff: now, miles, we know the centers for disease >> sreenivasan: jon wertheim, control said today the "this is your brain on sports," thanks so much. cooperation with brazil is >> thanks, hari. getting better -- that's the c.d. here in the u.s. -- but they also have expressed some >> woodruff: finally tonight we frustration about not getting pause for a pbs newshour essay. enough data from down this. jeff greenfield is a seasoned that do you know about that? political journalist and author,

>> we heard a lot about this and he shares his belief about when we spoke to some of the the end of trust by americans in scientists on the front lines this country's institutions. here, some of the epidemiologists and the greenfield has titled his essay virallologists who are working "in nothing we trust." on this scientific riddle. >> reporter: it's not exactly this is a virus that has breaking news that we're presented a whole new problem entering this political high for them and it's a virus like season in the winter of our discontent. so many things these days that the polls and the political instantly become a global rhetoric speak to a mood of problem. anger, distrust, even outright the problem is there is legislation, there is law in betrayal. this land which makes it all but but take a look beyond the impossible for them to share political realm, and you'll find samples with their colleagues in something that runs longer than atlanta or glasgow or friends in the current campaign, and deeper than politics. the unhappy fact is that americans' trust in just about all our institutions has been in europe. the head of the c.d. tom frieden a long, almost unbroken decline. said this is improving but it's our trust in government? a reminder that when you're in a a pew research poll last situation like this with a november found that only 19% of fast-moving virus, it's time to us trusted the government to do bring all kinds of borders and what was right, all or most of the time. privileges and scientific prerogatives down and try to that's close to an historic low. fight the problem. >> woodruff: and, miles, for but the real story here is how the medical profession, i know long that distrust has been you're talking to physicians festering.

there, researchers. go back to 1964, when the u.s. you were saying this has to be very frustrating for them, that was in the midst of a long they don't feel, you said, that period of economic growth; when they have the tools in the toolbox that they need. the cold war was easing; when a >> i spoke to a gynecologist major civil rights bill had just today who's dealt with several mothers who have had to contend with this, and she's so been passed. back then, 77% trusted the frustrated. government to do the right thing she said, i feel like i'm in the all or most of the time. stone age. i can see this coming, i stay a decade later, after a divisive problem developing, and i have war, racial and generational no tools in my toolbox to help unrest, a president driven from these women. office in scandal, the number it's an unfortunate case. had dropped to 36%. they've got this virus that came and in the four decades since, out of the blue, and they really don't have a way of coping with it has never hit 50%, not even it right now. >> woodruff: and, miles, in in the surge of patriotism after 9/11. terms of the science of it and that's four decades worth of dealing with the mosquitoes who alienation from the government" are carrying this virus around, of, by and for people." what about that front? well, okay, but that's the are they able to -- i mean, are government. we are a nation born in revolt, they able to project any kind of with a permanent skepticism about our leaders. precautions that can be taken? where are they on that front? but now look at our feelings about the other major institutions; and the picture >> well, obviously, they're telling pregnant well to be very painted by a series of gallup careful and to guard against surveys going back decades,

being bitten by mosquitoes. finds a disturbingly similar it's worth mentioning that those pattern. are the people -- it's the our churches? pregnant women and their babies two-thirds of us had a lot of trust in our religious in utero that are of concern. institutions back in 1973; now, 42% do. when an adult gets bitten by a banks: trust has gone from 60% mosquito with zika, four out of back in 1979 to 28% now. five people don't know they've had it. part of it is public education, our public schools? more than half were trusting at part is spraying which has the end of the 70's; barely limited efficacy. they have 2,000 troops in the three in ten are today. organized labor? area knocking on doors looking big business? for standing water, but they're the medical system? way outnumbered by the the presidency? mosquitoes. we were in a lab the other day all get low grades... and before you ask, 21% profess where they're genetically a lot of faith in tv news-- engineering male mosquitoes to less than half the percentage mate with females creating that did little more than 20 years ago. progeny that will die quickly. other than the military, the police, and small business, no that kind of clever approach is institution commands the trust part of putting tools in the of a majority of us, and even toolbox to try to control how those are less trusted than they mosquitoes are carrying zika. once were. >> woodruff: meantime, the question is: why? finally, miles, warnings going out to women and to men about one obvious reason: there's good reason for this mistrust. the dangers of this virus. how confident should we be in >> you know, judy, it's really a banks after the financial meltdown?

heartbreaking scenario how this in our public schools, given the cropped up. woeful marks our students get it's dangerous and it caught compared with other nations... public health officials by surprise. today, i was with a mother with in our religious leaders, given a 2-month-old son who is the criminal sexual behavior of those who've spoken in god's name. drastically affected by this. but we're also living in a less innocent time. the press was strictly controlled in world war ii; the failures, strategic and moral, micro en-- micro incephally. in places like iraq were on full the danger cannot be understated display. the private lives of politicians, once carefully for pregnant women. concealed, are now matters of that set against this can varl public speculation. offers up quite a contrast this movies that celebrated heroes of year. >> woodruff: well, it's the church or finance now tell very different stories of greed heartbreaking and frightening. and sin. miles. >> ifill: know we look forward and the media messengers who to the reporting you're doing show us the feet of clay on and will be having that in the those that stand on the days to come. pedestals are increasingly seen miles o'brien, we thank you. as carriers of a partisan >> you're welcome, judy. agenda, or guilty of their own failures. but deserved or not, the lengthy disaffection that so many feel about so many important parts of

>> woodruff: as we reported our national life, clearly puts a heavy burden on anyone asking earlier, a new wave of refugees is being forced from syria as for the trust of the citizenry. the war rages in the north. it may, indeed, reward those who seek power, not by offering to but west of syria, lebanon is ease that disaffection, but to now hosting more than one feed it. million syrians. and it's worth asking: how does many live in desperate a nation thrive when, year after year, our motto is: conditions, others are looking toward europe, some still dream in nothing we trust. of home. but amid the crisis, there is some good fortune. >> woodruff: find more of our special correspondent jane essays online, at ferguson reports from beirut. www.pbs.org/newshour. >> reporter: running a bakery is not something abdul halim is used to. also on the newshour online until only a few months ago, he right now, there's a museum was destitute... being built underwater off the canary islands. just another refugee from syria, soon, divers will be able to escaping deadly violence visit the ghostly sculptures, which offer a stark reminder of threatening his family. his marriage broke down in syria europe's refugee crisis and, the and his wife left him with their artist hopes, inspires viewers two children. to protect our oceans. he fled the war to neighboring all that and more is on our web lebanon and found himself site, www.pbs.org/newshour. penniless, struggling to survive and a reminder about on the streets of beirut as a single father. some upcoming programs from our pbs colleagues. gwen ifill is preparing for >> ( translated ): i tried to go "washington week," which airs later this evening. to companies for work but they here's a preview: wouldn't give me a job because i

>> ifill: insults, polls, had my kids with me. voters, candidates. i walked the streets and the presidential race turns full realized there were schools and soap opera. a lot of students, so i thought we'll provide your best iowa the best thing i could do was to sell pens. roundup, plus new hampshire i went and bought a box of pens. preview, with reports on the ground and in the studio. that's later tonight, on and i left my son alone at home. washington week. and i took my daughter who was judy? this small and i would carry her. >> woodruff: on pbs newshour what could i do? there was nowhere i could put weekend saturday, beyond iowa her. >> reporter: what happened next was extraordinary. and new hampshire: how states' someone saw abdul halim selling complex delegate rules may his pens in the hot summer determine who wins the primary. sunshine, his daughter reem in that's tomorrow night on pbs his arms, and posted this newshour weekend. picture on twitter. and we'll be back, right here, it went viral and soon there was on monday, with the latest on a campaign to raise money for the race for the white house. plus, mark your calendar: him, using the hashtag "buy pens." on thursday night, gwen and i its organizers hoped to raise will moderate a democratic $5,000. presidential debate between in the end, they got $215,000. hillary clinton and bernie sanders, from the university of wisconsin- milwaukee. that's thursday at 9 pm eastern. now, with that money, he bought and that's the newshour for a bakery, sandwich shop and tonight. i'm judy woodruff. have a great weekend. thank you and good night. small restaurant, and employs 20 men- all syrian refugees

supporting their families. >> major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by: >> ( translated ): my children's lives changed. we were living in a room that was uninhabitable. but now we live in a house with four rooms. i have furnished it nicely. my son goes to school. my daughter is looked after and is learning. >> lincoln financial-- and i have three shops and i'm committed to helping you take working. charge of your life and become you're own chief life officer. my life has changed totally. >> reporter: abdul halim is extremely lucky. >> and the william and flora hewlett foundation, helping most syrians struggle to pay for people build immeasurably better lives. the rising cost of living here on tiny wages. >> and with the ongoing support of these institutions >> this program was made possible by the corporation for until recently, ahmed kaju public broadcasting. worked in the bakery. but $10 a day didn't pay the rent. and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. he now feels he must make a desperate choice. thank you. >> ( translated ): i want to go to germany because they say the living is good and that they want to help the syrians. captioning sponsored by newshour productions, llc captioned by media acce so i'll go just like everybody else, to turkey and from turkey to greece. >> reporter: in a boat?

>> ( translated ): yes, in a boat to greece, and from there we will continue with everybody else. >> reporter: with your family? >> ( translated ): with my family, my son and my daughter. >> reporter: but it's very dangerous. >> ( translated ): but i'm dying here. i might as well die there. it's the same in the end. let me die trying. >> reporter: we went across town, to the impoverished neighborhoud of burj al barajna, where we met another syrian refugee family hoping to make it to europe soon. jinan jamal's husband survived the dangerous boat journey from turkey four months ago. she stayed behind with their three young boys. now in germany, her husband is trying to get asylum for jinan and the children. six months pregnant and living on debt, she is desperate to join her husband. >> ( translated ): honestly i

have no more strength. i'm tired. sometimes i put my kids to bed and when they sleep i look at them and i cry. i don't care about myself. i care about my kids and how they are living. there is nobody to help me. my parents are dead. there is nowhere i can go. ( cries ) my soul purpose is to join my husband. >> reporter: but life is even tougher for refugees living outside beirut. providing crucial services to many of them is the charity mercy corps. they took us to the bekaa valley, where thousands of syrians scratch out a living in the countryside along lebanon's border with syria. people who cross over from syria here to try to escape the fighting, who end up living in

tents, that's because they don't have any money? >> yes, they don't have money to rent apartments. >> reporter: bitter snowstorms make winter the worst time of year to be a refugee. without aid agencies like yourselves, what would happen to those people? >> what would happen? without aid agencies, i think that those people would be not able to live in the tented settlements. >> this is "bbc world news." >> reporter: this is how most syrian refugees survive- in overcrowded camps. >> funding of this presentation some of the families here have is made possible by the freeman lived in these canvas huts for years, in the shadow of a foundation, newman's own foundation, giving mountain range that separates all profits from newman's own to them from their home country. charity and pursuing the common many refugees live in camps just good, like this- makeshift tents kovler foundation, pursuing solutions for america's thrown up on farmland. neglected needs, and hong kong tourism board. the conditions are extremely squalid. in the summer here it's hot and ♪ dusty, and in the winter it's >> want to know hong kong's most romantic spots? i will show you. absolutely waterlogged. >> i love heading to repulse bay for an evening stroll. amina hamadi shares this room with her sister and four it's the perfect, stunning children. backdrop for making romantic a farmer from syria, she

moments utterly unfota wouldn't dream of going to europe, she tells me. she hopes to return one day to her old life. >> ( translated ): there, everybody owned land. we owned land. we lived off the land. we planted vegetables and we lived from it. >> reporter: her husband died three years ago, and now the family relies on handouts from the u.n. it's bitterly cold in her tent, despite the small stove, but is resilient. >> ( translated ): a mountain can't move me. i have children that i have to raise. i need to look after them. >> reporter: her six-year-old son ahmed shows us a drawing. in it his family are smiling, next to a house. he says it is their home in syria. millions of syrian children like ahmed have only ever known war, and a hard life as refugees.

there is no car to school? >> reporter: the children are saying that they don't get to go to school because they cannot afford to get transport to the nearest school. the schools here are free, but they can't get there. syrians around the world each tell different stories of suffering, resilience, and sometimes hope. as the war drags on into it's fifth year, they will likely have to continue their lives in exile. jane ferguson, pbs newshour, beirut, lebanon. >> woodruff: and now, more on the race for the white house. as we heard, the democrats squared off on the debate stage