captioning sponsored by newshour productions, llc ur >> ifill: good evening. i'm gwen ifill. >> woodruff: and i'm judy woodruff. on the newshour tonight: hillart clinton takes a break from campaigning after a pneumonia diagnosis-- why the candidates' health is playing a major role this presidential election. >> ifill: also ahead: i travel to colorado to talk to voters in the most republican area of the state. >> well, the choices are dismal, i think, it's just kind of a weird time, weird election. sort of sad in a sense, i guess. >> woodruff: plus, deep corruption in the world's youngest nation-- a report reveals south sudan's leaders profiting from the country's strife. >> ifill: and, "re-thinking college:" the first installment of our new series looks at theur first urban work college in the country.

it's remaking its mission with a football field turned farm. >> our students are getting two forms of education: they're getting a rigor liberal arts training, and they're also getting real world work experience. >> woodruff: all that and more on tonight's pbs newshour. >> major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by: ♪ ♪ moving our economy for 160 years.

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>> and with the ongoing support of these institutions: and individuals. >> this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting. and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. om thank you.yo >> woodruff: the questions are swirling in the presidential campaign this evening: how much do voters know about thekn candidates' health, and how much should they know? the issue leaped to the fore in the last 24 hours.

>> she was diagnosed with 9pneumonia on friday... >> woodruff: the cable news o banners told the story: hillary clinton's health, front and center, after she appeared to stumble when she abruptly left sunday's 9/11 ceremony in new york city. hours later, her doctor said the 68-year-old democratic nominee had been diagnosed with pneumonia last friday. the clinton campaign pledged today that more information on her health is forthcoming: >> we're gonna be releasing that to further put to rest anyto lingering concerns about what you saw yesterday. it really is the case that there is no other undisclosed condition. >> woodruff: clinton scrapped a california trip, and instead planned to phone in to a sanan francisco fundraiser tonight. and late today, she tweeted, "i'm feeling fine and getting better." that left running mate tim kaine to take up the issue, in dayton, ohio. >> i've just been on the campaign since july 22. she's been on the trail for 18 months.

her energy staggers me, i have a hard time keeping up with her. >> woodruff: meanwhile, republican donald trump was restrained in his reaction: >> i just hope that she gets well, and gets back on thewe trail. >> woodruff: trump has released little about his own health, but promised today he'll be putting out more information as well.ti >> this last week, i took a physical. and i'll be releasing-- when the numbers come in-- hopefully, they're going to be good, iod think they're going to be good,d i feel great-- but when the numbers come in, i'll be releasing very, very specific numbers. >> woodruff: trump's main focus today was a different issue:t clinton's friday night comments about his supporters. it's fodder for a new trump campaign ad: >> you could put half of trump's supporters into what i call the "basket of deplorables." the racists, sexists, homophobic, xenophobic, islamophobic, you name it. >> people like you, you, and you.

deplorable. >> woodruff: and it was fodders for trump himself, on the campaign trail today during aai speech in baltimore: i >> we have the support of cops, and soldiers, carpenters, and welders, the young and the old, and millions of working classan families. these were among the countless americans that hillary clinton called deplorable, irredeemable, and un-american.d >> woodruff: trump's next stop: one of the battleground states, north carolina, this evening. we'll examine the issue of presidential candidates' health more fully after the news summary. >> ifill: in the day's other news: a cease-fire in syria-- negotiated by the u.s. and b russia-- is now officially in force. it took effect at sunset, although government attacks continued in the city of aleppoe meanwhile, syrian president bashar al-assad appeared in a recaptured damascus suburb, and insisted he means to control thi whole country again.

>> ( translated ): the syrian state is determined to recover every area from the terrorists, to restore safety and security, to rebuild, to rebuild theto infrastructure, to rebuild whatever is destroyed by all means. we call upon all syrians to move towards reconciliation. >> ifill: a number of rebel groups expressed misgivings about the agreement-- includingu over how it would be enforced. later, secretary of state john kerry defended the deal. he even talked of approving syrian strikes against al-qaeda militants-- once known as the al-nusra front. >> assad is not supposed to be bombing the opposition because there is a ceasefire. now he is allowed and will be to target nusra, but that would be on strikes that are agreed upon with russia and the united states. >> ifill: that would mark the first u.s. cooperation with thec assad government since the syrian civil war began. within hours, the state

department walked it back, saying there is no such provision in the agreement. >> woodruff: china today rejected u.s. calls that it do.s more to stop north korea's nuclear program. it came days after the north conducted a fifth nuclear test. in beijing, the foreign ministry said washington stoked the tensions, and should bear the brunt of dealing with it. >> ( translated ): the nub of the north korean nuclear issue is not in china, but in the united states. the u.s. should earnestly work on a tangible and effective solution. there is an old saying in chinai "whoever started the trouble should end it," thus the u.s. should take on its due responsibility. >> woodruff: the chinese spokesman also voiced doubts about u.s. calls for new sanctions against the north. meanwhile, south korea warned that the north is ready to set off another nuclear blast at any time. >> ifill: north korea is reeling from disastrous flooding after a typhoon hit late last month. a u.n. report says the storm killed at least 130 people and destroyed thousands of homes. north korean state tv today

showed footage of recovery efforts. workers cleared debris and worked to repair railway lines. >> woodruff: in the philippines: outspoken president rodrigo duterte is now demanding the n u.s. withdraw all troops from his country's south.s the u.s. has advisors there working with philippine troops against pro-al qaeda fighters. today, in manila, duterte blamei the american presence for inflaming islamist groups.mi >> ( translated ): there are a lot of americans-- white people there-- and they have to go.o. the conflict there will only get worse if they see american soldiers, and there will be mors bloodshed. >> woodruff: duterte said the bad blood goes back to u.s.ac efforts to stamp out muslim rebellions in the early 1900's, when the philippines was a u.s. colony. >> ifill: back in this country: newly discovered documents show the sugar industry began funding research decades ago to dismissm links between sugar and heart

disease. the journal "jama internal medicine" today published an analysis of correspondence between the industry and harvarh researchers. it said the resulting studies "successfully cast doubt about the hazards of sucrose whilele promoting fat as the culprit." >> woodruff: and, soccer injuries are soaring amongmo american children. a study in the journal "pediatrics" finds the number treated in emergency rooms jumped 78% between 1990 and 2014. it was fueled, in part, by concussions. researchers at the nationwideat children's hospital in columbus, ohio say it's also due to soccer's growing popularity. >> ifill: wall street recovered some today from friday's big losses. the dow jones industrial average gained 239 points to close atoi 18,325. the nasdaq rose nearly 86 points and the s&p 500 added 31. >> woodruff: still to come on the newshour: the debate over the public's right to know about

presidential nominees' health, lifelong republicans re-thinking their loyalty in ther traditionally swing state of colorado, calling out southso sudanese leaders for gettingne rich off the country's troubles, and much more. >> woodruff: now, a closer looks at just how much the public has a right to know about the health of the american president or a presidential candidate, and whan earlier presidents have and have not disclosed about their personal health histories. for that, we turn to dr. howard markel.rk he's director of the center for the history of medicine at the university of michigan, and author of a number of books onmb health and infectious diseases. dr. markel, welcome. hillary clinton's campaign says her pneumonia is not severe. just how serious can pneumonia be? >> well, pneumonia can be quite

serious. people can die of it. they used to call it the old man's friend in the years before antibiotics. but now with taking antibiotics, taking care of yourself and resting, it is quite an easy thing to treat. >> woodruff: i guess it was just reported this afternoon on politico that hillary clinton's staff says she doesn't prefer to drink water often. could that have contributed to what happened yesterday? >> absolutely. think about it -- you're tired, sick, out in the sun which dehydrates us all, whether we're aware of it or not, and that could very well have been what caused that wobbly step that everyone has seen and talked about today.ab >> reporter: well, let me ask you, both the campaigns, both trump and clinton are now saying, in the next few days, they are going to be releasing fuller medical histories, we're going to know more about their

medical story.st what do the american voters have a right to know? what should people know in order to know whether these two individuals are healthy or not? >> well, i think it's very important and i think american voters do have the right to know about the health of the people who are running for the most powerful job in the world. it is very easy to present one's health history and, yet, it's become very tangled and diffuse, just like people's tax returns. but i think both these pieces of information are valid for people to ask about.ou >> woodruff: and, so, what are some aspects of their health that you think should be disclosed when they do put these histories out? >> well, i think just the basic top-to-bottom physical examination, mental health examination, a recording of ther medications they may or may not take, past illnesses, illnesses that may run in their family, a general medical history. remember, this hasn't reallyl been done all that much since

1992, and it was paul songus who did not tell the american people precisely about his non-hodgkin's lymphoma. he said he was curet cured. he was not. had he won the rest of the campaign and run for president, he probably would have beenav quite ill during his presidency. so these things do matter and i think it's one more piece of information that we as voters have a right to know about.t. >> woodruff: and there are other example as well. people think of john f. kennedy, addison's disease --se >> that's right. >> woodruff: -- and at' number of other presidents. >> and really back to kennedy, roosevelt or even woodrow wilson's health, these were an era where medicine could not do all that much for these serious diseases. today, more and more people are living full and healthy lives with chronic illnesses. having turned 50 myself quite a few years ago, the warranty on your body runs out at that point, and we all have problems with our bodies.

so mrs. clinton's pneumonia is community-acquired. it's very easy thing to contract especially when you're shaking hands, working a grueling campaign, flying on airlines and stuff. i think most doctors would say take a break for a day or so and rest like any human being whose body gets sick. >> woodruff: hillary clinton is 68, donald trump is 70. how much is age a factor in this, as you describe, grueling job they both want to take on? >> well, it's hard to say with each 70-year-old. one 70-year-old might be quite fatigued by this type of schedule. other people, and it seems mr. trump and mrs. clinton are those types, are energized by it. so it isd a case-by-case situation. but, you know, most people over 65 should get a pneumonia shot

and also should get a flu shot every year.ar so that's something you can do. but it's hard to say. these sounds like extremely energetic people, they sound like very healthy people. i'm a little puzzled why they just don't tell us what's going on. >> woodruff: as we prepare to see whatever these campaigns release, how will we know we're getting a full story? >> that is difficult, and we don't know. particularly the brief of the report is there may be stuffu you're not seeing, or you may get a data dump like john mccain did a few years back when he released thousands of pages of his medical history and gave journalists three or four hours to review them. i'm a medical professor and i couldn't do it in that time. so there are different ways people can be somewhat shifty or less than transparent with their health data. i think it'she high time in this modern era of great health

prevention that the presidential candidates tell us what is going on in their bodies and we can make the decisions one way or the ortho. >> woodruff: dr. howardr markel, we thank you.ma >> thank you. >> woodruff: and on our website, you can find a guide to pneumonia-- what causes it andpn what makes it a potentially dangerous illness. that's at pbs.org/newshour. >> ifill: for more on how health issues are dogging hillary clinton and raising questions of candidates, it's time for transparency for both candidates, it's time foren politics monday with tamara keith of npr and susan page-- washington bureau chief for "u.s.a. today." tam, we just heard dr. markel say the warranty runs out after age 50 and he doesn't understand why people don't tell us what their issues are. how did health become central to this campaign?th >> hillary clinton had a coughing fit about a week ago on the campaign trail that interrupted a press conference and earlier a rally where she

was speaking. there was already a lot circulating about her healthr that was completely unsubstantiated, a lot of rumors, conspiracy theories, ana donald trump talking about her stamina. so this was floating in the the ether when, yesterday, at the 9/11 commemoration, she fallterred when she was leaving. her knees buckled and had trouble getting in the van. she took off in the vafnlt the press was not allowed to follow. 90 minutes later, the campaign said she's at chelsea clinton's house, feeling better and she was overheated. >> ifill: hours later? hours later.ur >> ifill: seems like a long time for those of us covering it. >> it was the end ofin the day when her doctor released a statement saying she was overheated, dehi dratted and, oh by the way, on friday, three days earlier, was diagnosed with

pneumonia and they hadn't toldl anyone about that before. >> ifill: that's the point is. our concern really about her health or about the fact of the failure to disclose in a timely fashion? >> i think both things rish shoes. i think she'll need to come out she's healthy and vigorous and has stamina.s the fact she was diagnosed with pneumonia, we didn't know about it and this instant caught on a video has legitimized some of the critiques trump and rudy giuliani have been making about her health.he >> ifill: donald trump has not released -- >> his own health records. >> ifill: wanted to make that point. >> yes. but this goes to is she straightforward to the american people whose votes she wants to get. >> ifill: and is there a higher standard. >> they say they will remete the release the higher standard. they say they've released more

health records and tax records than donald trump and release more health records to prove this pneumonia isn't part of something larger.rg but there was a tweet today from david axlerod, the advisor toto president obama back when he was running for president, that really sums up what susan is talking about. he says, antibiotics can take care of pneumonia. what's the cure for an unhealth ey penchant for privacy that repeatedly creates unnecessary problems. >> ifill: that's privacy. friday night, she gave a speech at a fundraiser given for her by a gay and lesbian group and she said this.sa >> to be grossly generalistic, you could put half of trump supporters into what i call the basket of deplorables. (laughter) right? (cheers and applause) the racists, sexist,

homophobing, xenophobing, islam phobic, you name it. >> ifill: and she said the other basket, and i know this because i see friends from all over america here, florida, georgia, south carolina, texas as well you know new york and california -- she is basically b going on to say -- i'm sorry, i didn't finish reading it. but that other basket of people are people who feel that the government let them down, nobody caress about hem or worries about what happens to their lives and futures and are desperate for change. a lot ofat attention, susan, gie ton what she said about the half of trump supporters who are deplorables, but not a lot given to what she said about the other half. if a candidate is starting a sentence with let's be grossly generalistic, you do not want to finish the sentence. she was trying to make a more complicated point as barackra obama eight years ago when he was talking about some clinging

to guns and religion. he was talking about the angst voters felt. but what came across was an elitist statement at a fancy fundraiser talking aboutal millions of americans who support her opponent, americansa she's seeking to represent. >> ifill: is what she said or the way she said it the problem? she said half of the donald trump supporters believe muslims should be banned, blacks are lazy, half say they believe many of the more offensive things he has said from the stump, is what she said wrong? >> what she said about what she said, she released a statement that's described as walking it back, she said, i shouldn't have said half and i shouldn't have been so grossly generalistic. but the real challenge is when you start a conversation with people by labeling them and instead she could easily talk about the behavior, she couldh talk about donald trump

retweeting white nationalist means or things like that, she can do the thing she's done many times before without targeting the voters and without creating a sound byte that middle east shows up in a donald trump ad. >> ifill: eshe's given him the ammunition to accuse her of intolerance. >> that's been one of the strongest issues she's had against him including voters who traditionally vote republican and are uneasy about him. i think there are a few donald trump supporters who are deplorable. david duke is deplorable. others may have views that are deplorable but they are not deplorable. they're looking at the election trying to make the right decision for them and their families and the candidates need to acknowledge that. >> ifill: ato great piece of reporting in "the washington post," david farronthal said

donald trump raises other people's money and dolls it out under the name trump charities. remarkable. >> and trump gets credit for it but he hasn't put his own money in for several years. this reporting is solid.th this is the kind of reporting we should aspire to where you go through the records, you're methodical, he's been calling hundreds of these charities trying to find out which donations were given and from what pots of money, very impressive. >> ifill: and in one case broke the law but using some of that money to buy a six foot tall painting of himself at auction or melania did.id how does that compare to the clinton foundation questions that have been raised? >> what's remarkable is this is a devastating story that's solidly backed by public records, not a leak the from an anonymous source, but seems to have less impact than the

clinton foundation stories have toward hillary clinton and i'm not 100% why. >> ifill: tamera keith of npr and susan page of "usa today." thank you both. >> ifill: and sticking with politics, colorado is a stateng typically considered a crucial battleground in presidential elections. but this year, hillary clinton is polling well-ahead of rival donald trump. this has caused no small amounto of concern for republican voters in the reddest part of the state. i spent the weekend talking toen them. >> put your hands together... >> ifill: a crisp, sunnyll football afternoon at the u.s. air force academy. football is easy. air force crushed georgia state. but politics is more complicated-- especially this year, in the heart of one of thr most conservative counties in colorado.

eli bremer, a former local party chairman, supports nominee donald trump now, but only after his first and second choices-- marco rubio and jeb bush-- flamed out. you ended up because he's the nominee or because he was your third-best choice? >> i've always found him an interesting candidate. interesting can be good;ca interesting can be bad. when he became the nominee, i said, "i can support this candidate." i don't have to like everything about him, but i like a number of things about him. you've got evangelicals and religious voters who've always consistently been on the conservative side; in this election there's questions willc they show up for trump. >> ifill: the questions in colorado, a state in the habit of picking the winner, go broadt and deep. there are loyal, republicans like dan and tami scase-- military retirees-- who feel r it's their duty to vote. this year, they are stuck. >> the choices are dismal, i think, it's just kind of a weird time, weird election.

sort of sad in a sense, i guess. tragic, but mostly it's just weird. that's what i think. >> ifill: what do you think,yo tami? >> i think it's goofy, because we have no choice. we have maybe the libertarians are coming up. i wouldn't be surprised if this is a really close election. >> ifill: because you would vote for a third choice rather than hillary clinton or donald trump. >> i would. >> ifill: the scases are memberl of a big club made up of some of the most conflicted republicans in the country. you would think that in a place with five separate military installations that went slam dunk for mitt romney four years ago, donald trump would be overwhelmingly popular. but here in deep red el paso county, his support appears far softer than expected. >> i was an active precinctn leader...

>> ifill: karon mccormick is part of the reason why. in 2012, she was devoted to mitt romney, assembling 3,500 yardas signs in her back yard shed. this year? >> i've been a lifetime republican and have switched to independent because mr. trump is just too embarrassing for me to support. he doesn't represent the party of lincoln. and i don't want to lower myo standards to dirt level to support him, just to beatm, hillary clinton. so i will be supporting her. >> ifill: but do your republican friends look at you and think that you've lost your mind?lo >> yes. i've been called every name in the book, a traitor andin everything else. but i think he would be dangerous as a president. >> ifill: colorado may not be a toss up this year. >> i'm calling on behalf of the donald trump and mike pence campaign. >> ifill: but trump, who campaigned in colorado springs this summer, sees an opportunity. >> i just want to tell you i'm going to be in colorado a lot, because-- because there's no wa- we shouldn't win this state.'t these are great people, heavy

military, tremendous respect for their police and law and order, that's me. >> ifill: tom cronin, who teaches political science atcr colorado college, has a term for the republicans who don't want to vote for trump: homeless. so in this area, where we are, which is a reliably conservative area at the state, evangelically and military population, does he have to do very well here in order to offset that? >> correct. el paso county and some nearby counties, as well as ruralas colorado, is decidedly republican, and he will do welln but he probably won't do well enough to offset denver, boulder, and the suburbs of denver. >> ifill: that matches up with recent colorado polling that shows clinton with a comfortable lead. david flaherty runs the magellan poll.

>> our latest poll shows hillary up by five points, 41% of 36% p right now. honestly what's going in iss we're getting about 13% goinge for the libertarian, gary johnson, unlike here in 2012 where if you were not thrilled with mitt romney you kind of had nowhere to go. but with gary johnson gaining g traction in our latest survey, he's getting almost one quarterg of the unaffiliated voters heree so i feel that those voters that perhaps would normally go into hillary's column, or lean into her column, they actually have a viable option at this time in gary johnson. >> ifill: among that 13%: hardcore republicans like r intelligence analyst and father of three, jason calhoun, who knows he will vote for neither trump nor clinton.um >> i can't think of a perfect candidate at this point. so, you essentially have three options: you have three people that are going to be on the ballot in all 50 states, and you really have to decide between one of them.on and i think that it's-- i'm not

saying that the two-party system is rigged, and corrupt, and broken, or anything, i just think it's time for a thirdr voice in there. and i think that governor johnson offers that best opportunity for us to start hearing each other again. >> ifill: that is not to say trump will lose el paso county. >> god has a plan for your lifed you need to understand. >> ifill: staunch trump supporter mark cowart, pastor of the church of all nations-- a megachurch with five locations-w feels politics should return to the pulpit. >> we can pray, lord save america, but we'd better open our mouths. >> ifill: but cowart alsoo acknowledges that many in his own congregation are uneasy. >> there is a lot of confusion and conflict in this election. i've never seen anything quite like it. you know it's interesting, i've heard a lot of things, i'll telr you some of the things i've heard. i don't like him, so the way i respond to that is since when do we have to like our candidate to elect a candidate?at so sometimes the lord will choose candidates that may not fit everybody's criteria, but

they're capable candidates, and i like to remind people we're not electing a pastor in chief, this is a commander in chief. >> ifill: karon mccormick-- the romney turned clinton supporter- - got three trump fundraising pitches in her mail in one dayin last week, a sign that no one is writing this state off. not yet. >> woodruff: stay with us. coming up on the newshour: a struggling urban college rethinks its mission and putsts its students to work, plus, rebuilding an iconic afghan palace brought to ruin by yearst of war. but first, south sudan is the world's newest country, gaining independence from sudan in 2011. but two years later, civil war broke out in the small, east african nation.

though a peace agreement was signed in 2015, sporadic fighting continues: millions have been displaced, while rival leaders fight for power and thei country's oil and mineral wealth. a two year long investigation into those leaders and theirse allies, reveals billions have been looted from the country. newshour producer p.j. tobia hao our story, and a warning, some viewers may find some of the imagery disturbing. >> reporter: small, poor and dangerous. the u.n. has called south sudans "one of the most horrendous human rights situations in the world." fighters loyal to the president, salva kiir, have been engaged in a brutal war with the forces of former vice president riek mashar for most of the last four years. caught in the crossfire are sudan's impoverished civilians. more than two million south sudanese have been displaced by the fighting. tens of thousands have beente killed. the u.n. found that in just six months last year, 1,300 womenn. were raped by fighters in onewe south sudanese state.

a report released today by the sentry, a rights group in washington accuses the leaders who've orchestrated this brutality of making billions off the conflict.e actor george clooney wrote the foreword to the report. "hotel rwanda" star don cheadles also works with the sentry, both were at the national press club this morning to talk about the m investigation. >> this is pretty explosive stuff. we're talking about the president, and the ousted v.p., along with all of theiron generals. that we're able to prove without any question that not only are they committing these crimes-- which they've already been accused of-- but that they're profiting off it. >> reporter: the report outlines how sudan's political leaders,da generals and their families have used the chaos of war to generate vast sums of wealth. they've built mansions across the world-- from uganda and kenya, to australia. that young woman flashing the peace sign from the sunroof of a mercedes? she's the daughter of a formerf general.

a former general whose state salary was never more than $45,000 u.s. dollars. this man is the stepson of another south sudanese general. he calls himself the young tycoon. his facebook photos show a life of privilege unimaginable to most south sudanese. here he narrates a tour of a presidential suite at a luxury hotel in las vegas. >> so it's like a mafia in some ways. a mafia has taken over the state. >> reporter: jon prendergast is the director of the enough project, a rights group that oversees the sentry group. >> the mafia we see in the movies, it's shooting a few people.pe in south sudan, tens of thousands of people have died in this war with horrific atrocities, mass rape, child soldier recruitment. all the worst of the worst of the human rights abuses that we hear about globally, and this is how they stay in power. >> reporter: prendergast says much of the corruption happens through government contractsh granted to the family members of

political and military leaders. >> they put their family members as share owners of the companies, and then they gets, contracts from the state to allow those companies to operate. it's a backdoor way out of the a national treasury to privately enrich yourself and your familyo >> reporter: meanwhile, the war helps the rich get richer. >> if you control the governmeni institutions, well, you have access to the army, you have access to the state budget, youe can buy weapons. you can steal as much as youca want, you can issue contracts to your own companies that you've set up. it's in the context of war, a certain group of people become fabulously wealthy, while the rest of the country is immiserated.un >> reporter: as a result? two bitter enemies: president kiir and his rival reik machar, own luxury villas just a short distance from one another in the exclusive lavington neighborhood of nairobi, kenya. all made possible by international enablers, says prendergast. >> bankers, and businessmen,

arms dealers, all kinds of different lawyers, shipping agents, there are a number of different professions that are gladly at the service of dictators and war criminals bcdi they pay an extra premium, >> reporter: prendergast, cheadle and clooney came to the white house this afternoon for a meeting with president obama.et they want an executive order targeting the international assets of south sudan's leaders. it would prevent them from accessing the international banking system, move cash, buy property and do business across borders. >> if we were able to create that standard over time, whereo real consequences would accrueon to people who would be willing to kill by the thousands to stat in power or to gain power. it would have-- i believe-- ae- chilling effect on mass atrocities being committed ines the future. >> reporter: south sudan's leaders keep their money offshore. that makes them vulnerable.

>> because they have this vulnerability of offshoring their assets, we can use existing policy tools to go after that money. >> reporter: it's a strategy that's been used to target terrorists, post-911. >> we got to raise the cost of t doing business with war criminals. >> reporter: corrupt leaders of war-torn countries are nothing new. but applying this strategy to isolate them is new. it might be a way to begin holding these mass killers responsible for their actions. p.j. tobia for newshour in washington. >> ifill: now, we begin afi special week-long look at the ways that some schools, educators and leaders are trying to transform higher education. the goal: to prepare students for the modern workforce. the series is called "rethinkin college," part of pbs's

spotlight education initiative, which features specialpe programming examining today's challenges. tonight, hari sreenivasan visits dallas, where an innovative college president is growing apr new kind of student. o >> reporter: at a texas college, a football field that was turned into a farm. >> we need to harvest about tenw pounds of radishes. >> reporter: the tigers of paul quinn college lost more football games than they won on this field. so nine years ago, when the historically black college on the south side of dallas was in financial crisis and had a 1% graduation rate, a new president turned everything over-- including the field. so did you envision this when you first saw the footballyo field? >> no, no. >> reporter: michael sorrell, had no experience running ad college. he had been a lawyer and white house special assistant, but he knew paul quinn couldn't afford a football program. >> there's more than one field of dreams.

why should we tie everyone's future to athletic success? >> reporter: he turned the t football field into an organic farm that generates more than 20,000 pounds of organic vegetables a year. veggies that make it into high end restaurants and into the dallas cowboys stadium. >> i think it's saved our t school-- it saved it because it changed the narrative of the institution. >> reporter: the farm has become a symbol for a remade paul quinn college. >> we're the first urban work college in the country. so our students learn what it means to be effective, and to have job skills and work skills. >> the app that records my work hours is called you attend.s >> reporter: students are assigned jobs from day one. >> so when i punch in, the dean of work college should be ablesh to track that i punched in-- so now it's recorded that i'mde punched into work.

every student here has to work 150 hours to fulfill their worko tuition. >> our goal is for them to be around nickel to quarter size. >> reporter: james hunter is the farm manager. >> most of the students that work on the farm, they're not going to be farmers, and i don't want them to be farmers, i want them to pursue whatever they're interested in. >> reporter: vincent owonseni is a business management major. >> one basic principle about the farm is supply and demand. so let's say if a plant is going to be in demand around thanksgiving time, around november, we're going to plant that in late summertime. it helps you to understand the bigger picture of the farm. knowing about the customer, knowing about the economy of thu farm. >> so vincent, for instance, how do you write an annual plan, how do you read financials, how do >> you doing okay? >> yes, sir. >> reporter: unless students are on the farm, they wear businessn attire-- or face a steep fine.at >> you want to go get your dress

shoes so you can not get fined?o >> reporter: what's the fine? >> two ways to handle the fine: you can either do 400 prayth squats or pay $200. >> reporter: 400 prayer squats, for being out of dress code? >> better than paying the fine. >> 83% of our students are pell grant eligible. which means by and large that their families have a dysfunctional relationship with wealth and with work. so if you've never been in an environment where you've come to understand the expectations of a career, because all you've ever seen is people being underemployed or unemployed, then how are you going to learn that? >> good morning everyone, my name is jennifer moreno, i'm a freshman, i'm from texas., >> reporter: for their first two years, paul quinn students are assigned on-campus jobs-- oftenn ones that require contact with the public.ic the idea is to improve communication and problem solving skills.

>> our students are getting two forms of education: they're getting a rigor liberal arts training, and they're also getting real world work experience. >> reporter: but students are not directly paid for their work.ly instead, earnings go to the college to pay down their tuition. >> this is where all your classes will be held. >> reporter: freshman jennifer moran is a first generationn student whose parents are from mexico. >> with the work program, they give you $5,000 toward your tuition. coming from a low-income family, this was a great option. >> the students might spend last two years they're working off- campus in companies or other businesses that are related to their career aspirations. >> reporter: senior destiny>> modeste is interning at shot, an advertising agency in downtown dallas. her employer pays paul quinn college $7,500 per school year for destiny's work. >> having the opportunity to work and help pay your tuition

at the same time to actually work at an agency and see what they do on a daily basis, and then maybe at the end get a job. it's very important to me. >> there is no employment training program that will cost as little as $15,000. this is an investment in improving the talent pool of your company and your office. a >> reporter: so what's the incentive for an employer to keep that student around? >> don't keep them around if they aren't good enough, right. our responsibility to them is provide a quality product. >> reporter: chris hawthorne, who runs the intern program at slingshot, says the partnership with an historically black college is important. >> we have, as an industry, in advertising, struggled to attract minorities to the fieldo of advertising, so we started this relationship with paul quinn, we met destiny, and she was fantastic. >> reporter: but as important as career and college are toer sorrell's vision, he also pushes his students to engage in community service. >> we believe that colleges have

a fundamental responsibility, ie you're located in an urban area, to turn outward and address the needs of the community you serve. we are in a food desert. there's no grocery store for four miles. that's real. people don't have access toop healthy food, affordable, fresh and healthy produce. we decided we have the abilitybi to solve the problem, and we're going to go solve the problem. >> reporter: is that why they i came to college? >> someone's going to figure out the urban issues, why shouldn't it be the people who came from those urban communities thatn have a vested interest in those neighborhoods. >> reporter: in keeping with that mission, the college donates 10% of the produce from the farm-- named "we-over-me"-- to the surrounding under-served community. >> if you look at the need around you, and you look at youu resource, you can, say, "hey, i can use this space right here t grow what my community needs." where someone else sees hopelessness, you see opportunity. >> reporter: in dallas, for the pbs newshour, i'm hari sreenivasan.

>> ifill: tomorrow, hari's series continues with the particular financial and cultural challenges latino males face when it comes to earning a degree. and online: while students have asked colleges and universities to do better in hiring more professors of color, institutions have struggled to live up to their pledges. our partners at the hechinger report explore why. >> woodruff: finally tonight, we return to our coverage of the 15th anniversary of the september 11th attacks, and the aftermath. a decade-and-a-half after the u.s. invasion, afghanistan is still rebuilding and heavily dependent on international aid-- relying on other countries for i 70% of its government budget. still, afghanistan is takingng steps to stand on its own. one project on the outskirts of kabul is both a symbol of the effort to rebuild the country, and a potent reminder of national pride. special correspondent jennifernn glasse reports.

>> reporter: mohammad kabir has lived in the shadow of the darulaman palace all his life. through years of peace and decades of war. king amanulah khan commissionedn the building of the neoclassical palace in the early 1920's-- a symbol of a modern, progressive, independent afghanistan. it took just over two years to build and the king lived hereng about as long before he was driven into exile in 1929 by a popular uprising. kabir-- who says he's about 100- - used to play with the king's children, then tended the palace garden for most of his adult life until the mujahedeen war that followed the 1989 soviet retreat drove him away. he returned four years ago, and says it's a lot different than when it stood in its glory. >> ( translated ): back then, the garden was full of fruitga trees and covered with grass. families came to picnic, listen to music, to camp overnight. >> reporter: a corner of the gardens has been partially

restored, and there are grand plans for it and the rest of the palace. in 2010, a professor and former world bank official named ashraf ghani wrote that darulaman was a palace of abandoned dreams. now, he is president, and trying to make it the stuff of dreams-- with an all-afghan project to restore it. for three months, hundreds of laborers have been taking down ceilings, carting out rubble to make the building safe. that process could take until the end of the year. architect suleimankhail is one of the one hundred strong technical team that's mapping out the reconstruction. there's been a lot of research. >> the bricks used to build the palace had the mark on them. >> reporter: "the mark of thef king," he says. he is proud that the workers here and the funds to pay for it are all afghan. he says this project is a source of national pride that showsof afghans can work on their own.

>> reporter: the building also points to an ambitious past-- like the grand room built by the king to house the newe parliament. he wanted the darulaman palace-- which means abode of peace-- to be the center of a new city. he was deposed before he could b make that happen. president ghani is using rebuilding process to reflect his own view of what afghanistac should be. so a quarter of the technical staff are women like structurali engineer sofia roshan. it's her first job out of college. co

>> reporter: they're hoping to complete this in three to five years at an estimated cost right now of around $30 million. though planners say costs could go 10% higher or more dependingn on how much structural damage is discovered. this isn't the first time that afghans have tried to restore this palace. about four years ago, the mayor of kabul launched a campaign and called on afghans to donate whatever they could-- from 20 cents to hundreds of dollars. and thousands of afghans donated, but nobody knows where those funds went. lack of accountability has fueled corruption for years here-- transparencyre international rates afghanistan one of world's worst corruption offenders. the head of kabul's exchange market says it is as big as threat as the taliban. >> ( translated ): inside the

government we have some criminals and warlords who areds always fighting to keep their influence on the nation and government.me and they use illegal ways to stay in power. they only care about their own profits not what benefits theit people or the government. >> reporter: afghanistan's finance minister says the government is aware of the problem and doing what it can. >> i have identified at least 2> very corrupt individuals within my ministry. so i just fired them. unfortunately, i regret now why i fired them, i should have put them in a jail or in a detention center to recover the stolen public money, but i regret up to now we don't have this kind of system. >> reporter: he hopes a new anti-corruption justice centerti will fill that gap. the afghan government is trying to support fruit and vegetable sales and export. 80% of the population is involved in agriculture, but feo make more than a subsistence living. it's the same problem about 1000 miles north of the capital in

the panjshir valley-- lots of promise, but not much support realizing it.g deep inside a hillside, these miners are hoping to strike it rich-- they're looking for emeralds. it's a basic operation, pretty much everything is done by hand except for the blasts that help carve out the tunnels. the dangers are considerable, but so are the rewards-- one group recently found an emeraldm that sold for $80,000. panjshir isn't the only place in afghanistan with possibilitiessi for mining. there are metals, minerals and gems all over the country thatms could bring the government billions of dollars. but in many cases, they don't have the resources to get themrc out of the ground or the infrastructure to take them to market. last wednesday in western afghanistan, afghan and iranian officials came together to inaugurate a key step in building that infrastructure. the first link in a railway that eventually will connect the iranian sea port of chabahar, to landlocked afghanistan.

this project has already been delayed by seven years. afghans will be watching cloself to see whether this train line to connect afghanistan with thee wider world, and reduce its dependency on exporting through pakistan will really be built.il back at the palace, there's no doubt that this project will be completed. they say the president is keeping close track of it.of and they can't wait for it to bh finished. >> reporter: if that day does come, then a new afghan leader will have renewed the dream of f king who a century ago, wanted to show the world a modern independent afghanistan. for the pbs newshour, i'm jennifer glasse in kabul.

>> woodruff: on "charlie rose" tonight: former president bill clinton weighs in on the clintoc foundation and questions about his wife's health. the former president said she stumbled because she was dehydrated and it was knot morgue serious. she says it happened before when she's become dehydrated and he says he doesn't think he can keep her from campaigning for more than another day. and that's the newshour for tonight. on tuesday, correspondent john yang checks in with the first oy two reports from the crucial battleground state of ohio. i'm judy woodruff. >> ifill: and i'm gwen ifill. join us online and again here tomorrow evening. for all of us at the pbs newshour, thank you and goodyo night. >> major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by: lincoln financial is committedia to helping you take charge of

your future. >> and by the alfred p. sloan foundation. supporting science, technology,. and improved economic performance and financial literacy in the 21st century. >> supported by the john d. and catherine t. macarthurth foundation. committed to building a more just, verdant and peaceful world. more information at macfound.org >> and with the ongoing support of these institutions >> this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting. and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. captioning sponsored by newshour productions, llc

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♪ this is "nightly business with tyler mathisen and stocks take off. wall street rallies after a voting member of the federal reserve warned against moving too quickly on interest rate hikes. is there a fix? why it may take something really big to keep insurers participating in the health care exchanges in many parts of the country. and giving back. sports stars and celebrities line cantor fitzgerald's trading floor. "nightly business re for monday, september 12th. good evening and welcome. a fed-fueled rally and september just got a lot more interesting. stocks soared after a fed governor warned against moving too quickly on interest rates.