duaptioning sponsored by newshour proctions, llc >> woodruff: good evening, i'm judy woodruff. on the newshour tonight,usrom calls fog the military to guard the u.s. border to attacking amazon forng the postal service money, we explore bythe many questions raise president trump's statements today. then, ethical problems muddy the waters-- growing scrutiny surrounds the head of the u.s. environmental protection agency, scott prtt. also ahead, a critical moment in the conflictn syria-- the white house signals efforts to scale back the u.s. presence, while a web of opposines complicate peace efforts. plus, inside canada's educational success: how toronto is integrating immigrant students in the classroom. >> i think what canada has shown

us is that you can much more equitably provide a high level a education across entire provinces and evoss a country. bs woodruff: all that and more on tonight's p newshour. >> major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by: in.k >> kevin >> kevin. >> advice for life. life well planned. learn more at raymondjames.com. >> babbel. a language app that teaches real-life conversations in a new language, li german, italian, and more. babbel's 10-15 minute lessons are available as an app, or online. more information on babbel.com.

>> and with the ongoing support of these institutions: >> this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadonsting. and byibutions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. >> woodrf: there's been a shooting attack today at youtube headquarters. police say a woman opened fire at the company campus in san bruno, california. officers swarmed to the site, and tv images showed workers leaving buildings with their hands up, and being checked.se ral were taken to hospitals. >> we have four victimenwho have

all ransported for gunnj shot relatedies. e d we have one subject who is deceased inside ilding with a self inflicted wound, that at this time we believeero be the sho >> woodruff:e're continuing monitor the story. the s >> woodruff: the shooting came just days after youtube banned videos promoting guns and accessors. also tonight, the u.s. military may soon be guarding the nation's border with mexico. that's according to presidentp, trho said the fate of a new north american free trade agreement hangs in the balance if the mexican governmenter doesn't coe. mr. trump raised that possibility today as he met wit presidentsltic nations at the white house. >> so we are preparing for the military to secure our border between mexico and the united states we have a meeting on it in a little while with general mattis and everybody. i think it's something we have to do.

>> woodruff: our own lisa desjardins was at today's press conference and joins me now. lisa, you spent the day trying to talk to folks about what the president is talking about here. >> judy, unfortunately wdon't ow what that meeting is that he's talking about. the white house staff has not gotten back to us. we spoke to many communications staffersver there and many sources. the department of defense has ouso not responded yet to our calls. team also reached out to border state governors and members of congress. none of them said they h details of this plan yet. it's interesting. the state of texas did resnd and say that they already are using national guard troops under state direction since 2014. they've had 1,000 state troops at the border. now,hatever this is, the president does have the power to send national guard troops to the border. president obama did it in 2010. but it's intesting, judy, reports after that show that that was very complicated.le it took ast six months or up to six months to even begin that process, sohatever he's

doing, if this is plan, it can't happen right away. >> woodruff: we know this has just popped up lierally within the last day. so the president talked about a couple of other things tha think is raising interest. one was a comment, lee centennial park that he made t about amazoe tech giant. let's listen to that. >> thpost office is losing billions of dollars, and the taxpayers are pang for tt money because it delivers packages for amazon at a very below cost, and that's not fair to the united states. it's not fair to our taxamyers. anon has the money to pay the fair rate at the post offior, which would be much e than they're paying right now. >> woodruff: so lisa, you haveta also beeing to folks to try to understand what it is the president has in mind. h re's what we know: the post office is losing billions of dollar but not in package delivery. that's an area where they are seeing their areas go up. now, amazon does have a specialt rate with the ffice because of the very large volume that amazon gives to the post office. we do not know what that rate,

is but by law, judy, e post office cannot charge a rate that actual causes a loss to the post office. that is a law right now. row, there's even bigger continue texts he, though, because amazon is owned by jeff bezos, richest man in america and the owner of the "washington post." the president has already lashed out at media companies before, but intdyestingly enough, ju there is a problem with big business here. you haven't seen a president bec this cr of a successful american business in this way, and the chamber of commerce actually sent us a statement late today saying it is inappropriate for government officials to use their positions to attack an american company. that is remarkable coming from the generally republican pro business chamber of commerce talking about a republican president. >> woodruff: which generally has been favorable of the president. we know the president has been critical of the "washington post" reporting. finally, lisa, another thing the president brought up today, which is raising questions, and this is his relationship with headimir putin, the leader of russia. 's what he said.

>> there's nobody been touuser ona, and with that being said, i think i could have a very good relationship with president putin. i think. it's possible i won't. and you will know about it. so i think i cld have a very pod relationship with russia and with presidetin, and if i did, that would be a great ating, and there's also a gre possibility that that won't happen. who knows. druff: so lisa, this comes after just a whole lot has been happening in the relationship. >> especially on news that the kremlin and the white house that the redent and vladimir putin talked about meeting some time in the not too distant future. in that room what so fascinating during that moment to watch the estonian presidento in particular,as a long border with russia, stone faced. he's someone who does not thinko it's ad idea to be friendly with russia. e> woodruff: wow. as we said in tiddle of just so much going on between the ited states and russia, not to mention the investigation.

lisa desjardins, thank you very much. >> you're welcome. >> woodruff: in the day's other news, russia moved to forging even closer ties with "nato" member turkey. in ankara, russian presidentim vlad putin met with turkey's recep tayyip erdogan. they approved plans for russia to build turkey's first nuclear power plant. the turks already agreed to buy a long-range missile defensero systemmoscow. high-speed trains stood still in the united states imposed $25 billion worth of tariffs on chinese goods, part of plan to punish beijing for alleged technology theft. the list ranging from aerospaceo to chemicals motorcycles. in france, high-speed trains stood still in france today, as a series of strikethbegan againsnational rail system. workers are protesting president emmanuel macron's planim benefits that date to the 1930's, including guaranteed jobs for life. in paris, stations were packed

this morning, and commuters even spilled on to tracks. many complained of jam-packed >> ( translat ): this is really catastrophic. something needs to be do , we are the victims, we haven't done anything. we need to get to work like everyone else. you should have seen what happened on the train. some people felt unwell, women were crying. children. this isn't normal. >> woodruff: meanwhile, hundreds of workers, and their supporters, marched in the streets of paris. they plan to strike a total of 36 days, over the next three months. m in israel, priister benjamin netanyahu reversed himself today and canceled a deal to re-settle 16,000 african migrants in western nations. another 20,000 wouldave remained in israel, but netanyahu's conservative supporters rebled against that plan. most of the migrants are from eritrea and somalia.

back in this country, 17 statest the distf columbia and six cities sued the trump aadministration over addi citizenship question to the 2020 census. h the questin't been asked in 70 years. new york's attorney general eric schneiderman, along with lawmakers and civil rights groups, called it an affront to the constitution. >> this is really just an effort to punish places like new york thatelcome immigrants, that accommodating to immigrants and llbrace the american tradition of open arms for so we stand to lose money, because it determines congressional representation, and the electoral college. we stand to lose political representation. >> woodruff: california filed a separate suit last week. striking teachers closed a o numbschool districts across oklahoma for a second rsy. thousands of educand supporters descended on the state capitol. they're demanding increased funding for public schools. the state's largest teachers union says the walkout will

continue tomorrow. president trump is again defending the conservative sinclair broadcast group. the company has been criticized for having anchors read a message that voices concern about "fake news." today, mr. trump tweeted: "the fake news networks, those that knowingly have a sick and biased agenda, are worried about the competition and qualit sinclair broadcast." sinclair is one of tla country's est broadcast chains, with nearly 200 tv stations. wall street battled back today, and recouped some of monday's losses. ce dow jones industrial average gained 389 points se at 24,033. athe nasdaq rose 71 point the s&p 500 added 32. and, villanova celebrated today as its men's basketball team return home to philadelphia, as national chpions. the wicats claimed the title

last night, beating miigan, 79 to 62. it's their second title in three years. still to come on the newshour: the head of the e.p.a. under scrutiny for a questionable what's next for a war-torn syria luand the u.s. role there, much more. >> woodruff: e.p.a. administrator scott pruitt has arguably had as much influence and impact as any other member of the president's cabinet, especially when it comes to rolling back regulations and reversing the obama administration. but as william brangham reports, the controversies and ethical questions around him are pilin up. >> brangham: the most receco roversy is about what some are calling a sweetheart real- estate deal.ee last abc news reported that pruitt was occasionalom

renting a or $50 a night from the wife of a lobbyist for the energy industry. a that lobbyis his firm, said they weren't lobbying the e.p.a. at the time, and thee e.p.a. said rangement wasn't a conflict. but the "new york times" reported today that a canadian client of that lobbying firm, enbrid, inc., got a sign-off from the e.p.a. during this period of time, to expand a major pipeline. pruitt has also come under scrutiny for first-class travels during his first year in the administration. eric lipton has beeneporting on scott pruitt's tenure at the e.p.a. for the "new york times.a anleen clark teaches government ethics at the university of washington st. louis school of law. welcome to you both. eric lipton, first o t, before we gthe pipeline deal, can you just explain a little bit more about the housing uarrangement that scott t had? what was going on there? sure. so he comes to washington having lived in oklahoma, where he was

serving as the attorney general. he's not lived in washington full-time before. and he was looking for a place to live, and he knew the chairman of this lobbying firm because he had an oklaha tie. somehow or other he ends up getting an arrange. where he's going to rnt a room in this condo for $50 a night and only have to pay on thet nights t's there. if you look around the neighborhood in capitol hill,ca that's signily less than it typically would cost to get either an airbnb room or even if you multiply that times 30 for what it would be for ant. apartm so it seems like it was an attractive deal. the issue is that sambe lobying firm has a whole host of clients issues before the e.p.ala ma gas and electric, colonial pipeline, exxon-mobil, nnbridge, a meta pipeline company, an oilgas company. so he's renting a unit at the same time at the husband is a chairman of the company that has

a bunch of business before the e.p.a. >> brangham: kathleen clao , whatu make of this, the head of the e.p.a. renting a room from a lobby head of a lobbying firm. what are lithe imtions here? >> so federal employees are prohibited from accepting a gift, including a discount from anyone with matter before the agency that they wok r. and in addition to that, a presidential appointees are prohibited from accepting gifts from regloistereyists. it appears that prosecute -- pruitt, the e.p.a. head, may have violatth of those provisions. >> brangham: so the idea if you get a rom orntal agreement well below market value, that's really the lobbying industry giving pruitt the gift. hat's right. the difference between the market rate and the rate thatd pruitt paid wo considered a gift under the gift standard.

>> brangham: understood. eric, you're the one, as i mentioned, that broke this story about e pipeline, that enbridge inc. got. they got a waiver from the e.p.a. while pruitt was renting this room. can you tell us a little bit more about that situation? >> what the e.p.a. did was to tell the stt,e departmhich has the power to issue what's called a presidential permit, inbecause this is a papethat was going to cross the international line between da and the united states the e.p.a. told the state department that it did not have serious environmental objections to that pipeline expansion, and that occurred in march of 2017 at the same time that pruitt was living in the unit, and enbridge is represented bys willind jenson, the lobbying firm that had the ties to the apartment. we don't have any evidence that pruitt intervened or that williams and jenson asked for any favor. in fact, williams and jenson asserts they weore not lying

the e.p.a. on this matter, but the standard is you should not take any action thatht createe appearance of a conflict of interest or that undermines the integrity of the process, even creating a question mark as to whether or not it perhaps was influenced by the fact that you're living in a $50 a night coo in a nation neighborhood in washington, d.c., provided by the spouse of the chairman of the lobbying firm. it's that appearance alone that can cause a problem in terms of the standards of the conduct rules for the federal government. >> brangham: is that right kathleen, that appearances themselves, even if no law was violated, which the e.p.a. claims did not happen here, no laws were broken, appearances can be problematic? >> that's ab rsoluteht. the ethics standard are concerned not with just the reality, but with the apprance of a problem of a conflict. and, in fact, the gift les that were recently revived quire federal employees to consider how the situation will sonable perse rea with knowledge of the facts.

and if those facts would cause a reasonable person to question the integrity of the agey's ethics or that officials' ethics, then they should not accept the gift or the discount. >> brangham: eric, as you tported today, there wereher firms that are represented by this lobbying firm who also had business before the e.p.a., and they did not get any special favors or any actions in their favor while pruitt was renting this room. so is it possible this is just a one-off thing that the timing just looks bad and that there really was notng afoot here? >> yeah, we still have no evidence that he intervened or that the lobbying firm asked for him to do any special favors. you know, so we do notave that evidence. the problem, though, is think of gina mccarthy, who was the p.head of the e. say she was living in the sierra club's condo, an environmental group, at the same time as she

was making decisions about coal-burning power plants. there would be investigations into that, even if she did not do any special favors for the sierra club. it's just... it just seems like the optics of that should have been obvious tonyone in federal government, that you should not have financial tie to the spouse of a regulated lobbyist. >> brangham: kathleen, you studied governmental ethics and you know the law, but i'm curious as to your take on mouth's future in this administration. he is obve iously one of st durable and popular as far as the president is concerned.he been very effective understand out thing the president's agenda. is your sense that this particular issue as well as tme e travel and other concerns ehat have been raised about pruitt, do those his future in the administration? what is your sense of that? my sense isat while the president is not exactly an advocate ofon str ethics standards, he is willing to abandon an appointee who starts

getting into trouble and becomes unpopular. and the stories in the last few days may be a tping point for mouth. >> brangham: eric, same question to you. what is your sense? does this acculated series of stories about questions about pruitt's behavior and his ethics, are these damaging to his future or is he still a rock solid member of the administration? >> pruitt trump administration. i mean, theclean power plant, spe waters, the methane rule, the coal al rule. i could go on and on. the number of rules thajust this -- the 54.4mph standard he says is going to be up for reconsideraon as of 2025 for cars. poe automakers were thersing with him in a photo today. the industry is embracinganim supportive of all the changes he's making. this is just what president trump wants the e.p.a. to be doing. on the one hand he's creating a distraction with ethics issues

that are uncomfortable for theus white on the other hand, he's perhaps the most aggressive advocate of the deregulatory push trump wants. it will be a tough position for what to do. if thinks get much worsehis status becomes more of a question mark, but right now hen cos to lead the charge for the administration on this deregulatory push. >> brangham: eric lipton, kathleen clark, thank you both very much. >> thank you. >> woodruff: u.s. policy toward syria has been a hotly argued subject here in washington, ever since the 2011 uprisings turned into a full-blown cir. that debate continues today. en john yang reports, pres trump has struck a different tone fm one of his top generals, especially around the u.s. contribion to rebuilding territory formerly controlled by isis. >> i want to get o, i want to bring our troops back home.

>> yang: today presidentrump said that the end is in sight for the u.s. military mission in syria. >> it's very costly for our country and it helps other countries a hell of a lot more than it helps us. sowe're going to be making decision. indecision as to what we dhe very near future. >> yang: barely a mile away, at a separate event in washington, the head of u.s. central command had his own take on the fight against isis, and what com after it: i the hard part i think is in front of us and th stabilizing these areas, consolidating our gains, getting people back into their homes,ng addreshe long-term issues of reconstruction. >> yang: u.s. military leaders, and defense secretary jim mattis, have said the u.s. should remain in syria until isis is wiped out. but president trump took the pentagon by surprise last thursday, with this declaration: >> we will be coming out of syria like very soon. let the other people take care of it. >> yang: then came reports that the administration froze $200

million in recovery fur seeas liberated from isis. some 2,000 americaice members are currently on the ground in syria-- the bulk: special operations forces. last week, an american and a british soldier were killed by a roadside bomb. it happened in the northern city of manj, near the turkish border, where a new ont in the grinding syrian conflict has opened. with u.s. help, the largely kurdish syrian democratic forces recaptured manbij from isis 2016. last month, turkey launched an assault on kurdish forces to the west, in afrin; turkey's president erdogan threatenedo drive the kurds from manbij next. the turkish operation has pulled kurdish fighters from battling isis remnants in eastern syria, possibly allowing the militants an opportunity to regroup. u.s. reinforcements arrived in manbij in recent days, an apparent sign that, for now at least, they will stay as a

counter-weight to turkish moves. meanwhile, russian president vladimir putin arrived in ankara letoday, to meet with the aders of turkey and iran. tomorrow, they'll discuss there fuf syria, without the u.s. for more on where the united states, its allies, and itsad rsaries stand on the complex battlefield of northern syria i'm joined by: mona yacoubian, a deputy assistant administrator 2 the middle east bureau at u.s.aid from 2014 7. she's now at the u.s. institute and amberin zaman, a cst for al monitor and a former wilson center fellow. welcome to you toth. so we has split screen moment today in washington. the president speaking d then the gentle and others speaking where you were. mona, let me start with you. is it clear to you what the american intention is in syria? >> i think the american intention in syria has been

first and foremost to defeat isis. and i don't think that has shifted. i do t wink, though, that we saw today playing out almost in real-time are some of the tensions or the challenges that u.s. policy faces. president trump, who has been fairly clear that he's loki to pull u.s. troops out as soon as possible, while some of his key advisers are really underscoring, the battle isn't yet fully won and there is a need to maintain a u.s. prsence there. >> yang: amb meeting, what could come out of this? >> well, this is part of an ongoing process that was launched last year in may, and the idea was to create what they call deescalation zones in ssyria. they dignated four such zones. and the idea was tthat ere would be ceasefires allowing

humanitarian aid toome into these areas and at the same time layinghe foundation for peace. and it's been going on sort of at a rather bumpy pace, because the idea of a ceasefire sems pretty laughable when you consider that the regime is continuing to bomb these so-called designated deescalation zones, most recently as we saw in eastern goutha. these three leaders will come together and talk about this province that borders tur oy, which is o the last remaining rebel strongholds where you have this al qaeda-affiliated group that is there still. anturkey is expected to use ups,leverage over those gro those rebels in that province to try and convince them to stop the fight. >> yang: so the united states is n participating in these

talks that are going on? >> no. no. these countri, iran,ssia, and turkey present this not as an alternative to the genev peace process that the united states is involved in and the u.n. obviously, but rather as hupplement to that that will help bolstert process. >> yang: and mona, when you hear these slightly different emphasis between the president and the general, what do the u.s. ally, what message dot do the u.s. allies take from this? >> i thi it's concerning certainly to u.s. allies on the ground, mainly theth kurdse primary partner on the ground inside syria. there's a lot of horry abo long will the u.s. stay? is the u.s. simply going to pulo out an be there to help sustain and consolidate e gains that have been made on the ground an help stabilize the area. >> yang: amber, all these parties on the battlefield have

different and sometimes conflicting interests. is turkey more interested in defeating isis or in batting the kurds? >> well, if you were to ask th kurds, they would say definitely to battle the kurds. if you were to ask the turks, they would say both. but the reality is that ever since turkey game up on the idef egime change, realizing that was going nowhere, this cam to overthrow assad and empowering rebels giving em, you know, space in turkey the operate out of, after they madat hift in 2015, and that erventionrussia's in very forcefully and decisively on the side of the regime, they decided that their priority would then ycome to tr and defeat the kurds there, because overhat ped, from 2014 onward, meanwhile, the states got involved in this fight against the islamic statee turkey wapected and the rebels were expected to help in that fight, but they did not prove very effective, which is

why the united states then went on to increase its help to these kurdish group, because ey proved to be extremely effective. the trouble, though, is that theskurdish groups that theed unstates is helping are closely linked to another kurdish group fighting inside turkey, a t, of coursrkey is furious that the united states is aring the allies of a group that's fighting its own soldiers inside turkey, ando as we saw in january, they decided to carry matters further and attack this syrian-kurdis a group thatlied with the united states inside syria. this has undermined the fight against isis. >> yang: mona, we have lessth 30 seconds left. the president of the united states has said it's gotten nothing out of its inlvement in the middle east except death and destruction. what is the u.s. interest in this fight in fighting isis in

syria? >> well, i think the primary p interest is otect the homeland to ensure that the threat that isis sed while it was in the region does not come back to the u.s. let's not forget 9/11 and potential for operations planned that could, in fact, target the homeland. >> yang: mona yacoubian, amberin zaman, thank you so much. >> thank you. >> woodruff: stay with us, coming up on the newsh canada's approach to integrating students from foreign countries. the politics behind the rebooted sitcom "roseanne," and a photographer's life work, capturing images from the border. but first, the united states and canada have a lot in common. but when it comes to education outcomes, the two are very different. unlike the u.s., canada is one

of the top performing education systems in the world. d s a good job educating its english learners. within three years of arriving gr canada's public schools, children of new imts do as well as native born children. kavitha cardoza with our partner "education week," looks at canada's approach for our weekly series making the grade. >> reporter: when 13-year-old andre cordeiro moved from portugal to canada, the only english words he knew hi," "bye" and "hot dog." now he's thriving. andre credits the small class he attends every mornglg with other h learners. >> i feel equal. i don't feel as ch pressure if i make a mistake. >> reporter: teacher ann woomert brings in props, speaks slowly m and tries toe lessons meaningful. >> the visual cues and that

opportunity to talk about what we're doing is really important. they need to see the relevance. few does it connect to my >> reporter: three-fourth of the 500 students at islington junior miagle school, speak a langu other than english at home, including somali, korean and russian. it mirrors the diversity of toronto where almost half the population was bn in a different country. every afternoon, all english learners join regular classes. this intentional integration is meant to help them feel part of the and if they find the class difficult? their teacher woomert is available to help. hyam al tarifi came to canada in 2015 as a refugee from syria. she hasn't been to schoolye nggularly for s, but here,

she's quickly catcp. >> it's a very nice country, and they are very kind. they don't make you feel different. >> that's a third language right? >> reporter: students here don't just get language and academic support. through books, posters and school traditions, their home cultures are celebrated.ne teacher mccarrol keeps a tea set handy. >> many of my students come from the middle east. tea is a very important part of their culture. we invite families to join us so sometimes, mums and dads come. we set up the tables, the kids can serve tea. it gives them a sense that "this my classroom, this is m space. this teacher respects this as part of my upbringing." >> reporter: in canada, newcomers are lected mainly based on their ability to support the economy. they get points for job skills and education. this is unlike the u.s., where immigration is largely based on reuniting families. but andreas schleicher, an expert in internatiol

education, says while those policy differences do give canada an edge over u.s. schools, it doesn't fully account for why immigrant children do so well. >> wealthy, immigrant children t united states, they will do a lot worse than the same kind of immigrant children in canada. there's a lot that canada does to enable those immigrant children to achieve thesere lts. >> reporter: john malloy is head of toronto's school system. it's the largest in canada with almost 250,000 stude you're an immigrant yourself? >> yes, i'm an immigrant. i moved here to toronto from cleveld, ohio. >> reporter: malloy says a key difference between the two countries is funding. in the u.s., the amount of money each student reives can vary a lot between school districts because is based on local property taxes. in canada, all money collected from taxpayers is routed through the provincial government, so every student in ontario gets

the same per-pupil funding. >> that grant is pretty healthy compared to many other parts of the world that i'm aware of. >> reporter: i've never heard a eahool leader say the amount per pupil they get is hy." >> it's healthy. >> reporter: schools in canada also receive extraoney for each english learner. linda darling hammond, a profsor at stanford universi has written extensively about international education systems. she says becoming a teacher in canada is very competitive. >> everyone gets a very high quality of training which they have been improving and increasing over time. and mentoring is more widely available for teachers. >> reporter: teacher's salaries and jobs are not tied to student st scores. darling-hammond says what you find in canada also happens in the u.s. but not systemically.id >> not for all not for all teachers, not for all school settings. i think what canada has shown us is that you can much more equitably provide a high level

of education across en provinces and even across a country. >> you're going to bend from your hips. >> reporter: stroncommunity partners and social services help. in a darkened classroom at a nearby high school, students practice breathing. it's their lunch break >> inhale and exhale. >> reporter: this class promoting mental health, is popular. aslam azami from afghanistan is a senior. >> all the stress builds up from the subjectsall the homework, tests, and exams. and then applying for universities. >> reporte nicole d'sousa who runs the class says they also make slime and draw posters to detress. >> not knowing the language or how the school system works. sometimes parents want something and you want something diffent and the culture aroundhat. >> reporter: but d'sousa is not employed by toronto schools. she works for one of ontario's funded by the government.ostly

they support students through mentoring, tutoring, and afterschool clubs, allowingch canadian ts to concentrate on teaching. >> reporter: and these programs are not just for young people. w we have every service that a newcomer to canal need. >> reporter: malini singh coordinates services at the neighbourhood organization. they served almost 22, newcomers at this one center la year through a range of services. >> some the larger things are finding employment, housing, connecting to cial services. we also do smaller things like teaching parents how to dress your kids for the winter >> reporter: professor louis volante, with brock university, ing a strong safety net is necessary for strong educational outcomes. >> you can't really divorce anucation policies from broader social protectioeconomic policies. >> reporter: canada has traditionay been welcoming to newcomers in part because they are seen as necessary for the country's economic success.

shoppers at a popular mall downtown overwhelmingly say immigrants make canada better. >> immigrants are the backbone of our country. >> it makes canada a more interesting place. >> reporter: it's easy to see how this positive social clite can help new immigrants thrive. but canada has not been immune to the growing anti-immigrant sentiment that has become more inpervasive in the u.s. an european countries in recent years.>> t's become an issue like a controversy and conflict between people. >> i think immigration has suchi a nega connotation nowadays. >> reporter: but studenteilike andre co, are still sheltered in the classroom. his reading and math is improving dramatically, as well as his english. >> i feel better. i know how to answer questionsin lass now! >> reporter: andre hopes to be in mainstream classes soon. and while canada is home, he still misses friends and family back in portugal. maybe i'll buy a house there one day he says, i can visit during

canadian winters. >> woodruff: and kavitha cardoza joins me now. thank you, calf catch.o why did youok at canada? >> judy, often we look at countries ke finland, new zealand, singapore, and i think it's a little unfair, because these countries are way more homogeneou they're very small, or often they have a different form of government, luke you said earlier. canada and the u.s. have a l in common. what made them particularly intriguing is that they have a higher percentage of immigrant students, so about0%of the schoolkids have an immigrant background compared to about 20% of ours. >> woodruff: and are you ssying, we saw some really interesting sucl techniques, that this could work in the u.s.? >> i definitely think we have a t to learn from them, but i don't want the leave viewers, judy, with the impression that canada has all the answers, because even in canada, there

are variatis between provinces and even within a province you see a gap. and so i definitely don't want to leave people with thatsi impr. >> woodruff: but nevertheless, it is so interesting to see what they're doing. >> something tiny but so significant and meaningful. >> woodruff: kavitha cardoza, thank you. >> thank you. >> woodruff: tonight the third episode of the roseanne revival airs on abc. the show is back after a two- decade-long hiatus. 25 million people watched the show last week. the show has won acclaim among some because roseanne barr is a but the come has also tracted its share of criticism, and so has barr herself. jeffrey brown has a look. >> what's up, deplorable?

>> brown: the connor family isl back, stth a bite. abc's hit show "roseanne" got a modern reboot, and some 25 million people tuned in to watce thes premiere last week. >> thank you for making america great again! >> brown: it's been more than 20 years since audiences heard the wise cracking wit of the blue-ll co conner family matriarch, roseanne, the characomr created byian roseanne barr. she's back with husband dan, played by john goodman; sister jackie, played by laurie metcalf; and daughter darlene, played by sara gilbert, who this time around also serves as the show's executive producer. >> are you every sorry we got married? in every second of my life. >> brown: the or "roseanne" was lauded for its depiction of a struggling working-class american family living in the fiional suburb of lanford, illinois. it lasted nine seasons, much of

that time as one of the highestr rated rams on television, and one of the few sitcoms to grape with issues of class. the reboot continues that tradition, in donald trump's america with roseanne connor a supporter of the president, and sister jackie, who voted for hillary clinton. >> how could you have voted for him, roseanne? >> he talked about jobs, jackie! he said he'd shake things up. i mean this might come as a complete shock to you but we almost lost our house the way thgs are going. >> "have you looked at the news? because now things are worse. >> not on the real news! >> oh, please! >> brown: other issues come up: one of the newest characters, mark, is roseanne's gender bending nine-year-old grandson. >> you hear that honey? my grandson's nails are wet.wn >> brobarr herself is a real life trump supporter, and the ident embraced the show' success as part of his own. >> look at her ratings! look at her ratings!

>> brown: but barr has also received criticism for her seeming embrace on social media of right-wing conspiracy theoes, including one involving a student survivor in the parklandmehooting. weets have since been deleted. "roseanne" the tv ow has already been renewed for another season. joining us to talk abo this reboot is sonia saraiya, a tv critic for "variety," and npr' eric deggans welcome to both of you. eric, first, 25 million is a huge number these days. why do you think the int what do you think it's tapping into? >> i actually thought a bunch of different trends came together in one hue result. people have been looking at thet cities whe show seemed to rate back, and they've noticed that a lot of the cities areth n middle of the country, and i certainly think there was a sense that people tuned in hoping to see a depiction of themselves that they don't often see on television where people

in the middle of the country and people who might be working class are treated with respect and treat as if, you know, they have -- they're not treated like caricaturbu. i also think abc promoted this show very the heavily. it was one of tv's most popular shows when it was on. and so a lot of these trends came together to create a show that was ver popular when i aired. >> woodruff: sonia you say the draw of seeing a show acknowledge that people who disagree are still people, maybe wrong people, maybe confused people, but still people. it's hitting a lot of ner what do you see? >> i think that when you see roseanne and when you see her tamily, too, you see tha there's one woman who is a very outspoken trump supporter here, and then tere's here whole family around her who has different viewpoint, maybe

apathetic viewpoints, but frankly i remember news the trump voters that i have met inh some oways in which she's espousing these beliefs and also in the ways she's no litening to some of the other criticisms that she's hearing. i think that there is something very real about that person, and i think that we're, you know, stwe're all trying to undd who that person is right now. whether or not you're comingec from the perve of like i am a trump supporter and i want to see what i believe on screen, or if you're someone who has a loved one who blieves those things or who supports this president, it's a reallyve important coation we're having right now. i think it really did strike a nerve. >>rown: is it inevitable, eric, that in our political an culturally divisive age that we watch these things through that lens? analso, this question of separating roseanne barr the person fromoseanne the character. >> well, i do think what's

teresting to me about this show is that it didn't really explorfthe roots o why awmebody like roseanne connor, who when we last her, you know, was supporting abortion rights, supporting guy rights, tried to inve igate on herown whether she and her husband had unwittinty transmitted rac views to their son when he didn't want to diss a black girl in a school pageant. how did something like that come to believe that voting for donald trump was something that made sense when hillary clinton seemed to be much more in lie with those values. and i don't think the show really investigated th that felt like a lost opportunity. when the show was at its height they spo episodes looking at how all the characters on that show felt about abortion. the episodes that i talked about with deaj., rose's son and racism, they spent a whole episode exploring how he might have come to feel that way and how rosn and dan my have

unwittingly contributed to that. the discuss at we sa in this new roseanne was basically a series of sort of jabs and insults traded beeen two characters. they didn't take a lot of time to investigate how roseanne may have come to feel the way she felt or how other people in her family may have felt about it. a lot of it was implied. an i noticed when i tried to ta a to the cast about thid i tried the talk to roseanne about this back in january that they were a little hesitant to talk about the political implications of what they were doinand why they were making the choices that they were making to make roseanne a trump pporter in the first plce. k brown: let me as. that's a lot to put on a sit come and to ask it to answer a lot of questions that we talkal abouthe time on a program ke this, as well. sara gilbert, th actress and now the executive producer, she says the show is not about politics or anybody's position or policy. it's about what happens to

family when there is a plical divide. >> you know, i don't know that you can quite gett away wih saying it's not about politics, because there are a lot of shows on teln that portray a lot of different kinds of family, and not all of them are explicitly making jokes about deplorables or pantsuits or donald trump or whatever it is but i definitely think politics is a part of a lot of people'sli fa. it's apart of a lot of people's family disagreements. it's not just abo tut rosean character or her the actor and their support of donald trump. it's also about the whole family and about how the whole famy talks about these things. it's even about how roseanne's own sister, who is a hillary pporter, feels bullied by roseanne into making a decision that isn't right for her ultimately in the voting booth. i mean, more than that, like it's worth saying, you know, to eric's point that the roseanne in the past has dealt with these things a lot more nsitively,

we're only seen two episodes, and only one talks about donald trump. i can't tell the future about whw the rest of the seasoill hold, but i think it's important to remember that some of the things, somef the assumptions that we're making out of the very first episode might be npthings that get uacked more as we go forward.ay >> brown: ok we'll see whatnsapo the ratings going forward. sonia saraiya, eric deggans, thank you both ve much. >> thank you. thank you. >> woodruff: we close tonight where we began: the border. pulitzer prize-winning photojournalist john moore has been documenting and photographing life on both sides of the u.s.-mexico line for the last ten years. a collection of these images, called "undocumented," was recently released in book form.n a warning, this report contains some graphic images. >> from the border patrol agents, to the undocumented

anmigrants, to immigrants who were in jail, tomembers in central america, i photographed them to show a common thread of humanity on all sidehe story. i'john moore. i'm a senior staff photographer and special correspondent for getty imag. i've been photographing along the u.s.-mexico border for almost ten years. aysically, the border are along the 2,000 mile border look very similar on the mexican ands the americes. oftentimes it's a line that was just drawn through the sand. in other places the border isy formede rio grande. but in other ways each side is entirely different. righnow in mexico, in many border areas, the drug war is raging and the violenc incredible. in acapulco, which is you know is famous for being tourist site, there i photographedex utions on a daily basis.

in san pedro sula, honduras, i visited there just this last year and i was able to photograph actual assassins who do hits for a living. you know part of the story for me has been trying to show why people will take such risks. why people will leave everything behind. whether it's from el salvador,at honduras, ala or mexico. that's where most immigrantsir come from on tourney to the u.s. i traveled to southern mexico to the states of chiapas xaca e immigrants would climb aboard freight trains known as the beasor la bestia in spanish and the train is called the beast for a reason because it's a monstrous way to travel. people travel for days, weeks at a time, on top of the trains and always in danger of being swept. off by branc many have fallen underneath the wheels and dieunder the trains

or have been dismembered. it's just terrifying. and on the u.s. side of the border i spent many, many hours photographing u.s. border agents as well. they were doing very difficult work and in often dangerous situations. i spent veral days just this last year at the border patrol academy in new mexico and there the trainees go through a month long program, which starts basically as a boot camp and they learn how to be agents. the border patrol draws from people from many walks of life. there are immigrants as border patrol agents many border patrol agents if not most speak spanish their first language. and those who don't speak spanish to start with have tobo learn it at ther patrol academy.hi as part ofproject, i even flew back on deportation flights with a group ohaimmigrants who been shackled by the ankles and sent back on a plane. there's was one picture that still touches me.

it's a close up photograph of two hands and they're handcuffed together and a woman was gently caressing a man's hand with her thumb in a very touching and sad moment of comfort.th early on i story for me, i was covering more of a political issue, but i really wanted to go in much deeper to the root causes of immigration and look at the insecurities that americans felt about border security even though the numbers of families coming across the border has gone down somewhat since president trump took office. it's still at historical highs, and every day people come across the border seeking political asylum in the u.s. and by u.s. law they're allowedc to plead thee. i think as a photojournalist it's necessary to separate the emotions from the reality as

much as i can. i try to photograph the story in as many ways as possible to give a true story of a major issue.f: >> woodrnd a quick update to our lead story. a shooting attack at you-tube headquarters in san bruno, california wounded four people.o ce officials said the woman believed to be the shooter died of a self-inflicted gunshot wound. investigators are working to piece together a motive. and at's the newshour for tonight. i'm judy woodruff. join us online and again here tomorrow evening. for all of us at thethbs newshourk you and see you soon. >> major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by: >> my dad once said to me, tragedy has a way of defining people. >> what the hell happened, teddy? >> they're treating this like a crime scene. o we tell the truth-- or at least, our versif it. >> senator, when can we expect

somenswers? >> we're in this deeper than i thought. >> these theatrics are not going to hold up in a court of law. >> what have i done? >> chappaquiddick, rated pg-13. april 6. >> babbel. a language app that teaches real-life conversations in a new language. >> the ford foundation. working with visionaries on the frontlines of social change worldwide. >> carnegie corporation of new york. supporting innovations in education, democratic engagement, and the advancement of international peace and security. at carnegie.org. >> and with the ongoing support of these institutions

and inviduals. >> this program was madee possible by rporation for public broadcasting. and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. captioning sponsored by newshour productions, llc captioned by media access group at wgbh access.wgbh.org

tukufu: we're the history detectives, and we're going to investigate some untold storcas from ameri past. elyse: this week, we explore three wartime artifacts dating from the darkest days of united states history. are these illustrations the artist who persuaded americans to fight fascismin world war ii? wes: could this little scrap of fabric be all that remains of one of the union army's most secret weapons? gw m: and was thysterious document witness to one of the most violent events of world war i? ♪ ♪ watchin' the detectives ♪ i get so angry when the teardrops start ♪