captioning sponsored by newshour productions, llc >> yang: good evening, i'm.ohn ya on the newshour tonight, facebook under fire:udy woodruff is in california tonight, talking with top executive sheryl sandberg about the storm of questions around how the social media giant protects users' data. >> we believed in a world where people could share and experience things together and we just weren't thinking enoughh aboubad use cases and that's on us. t >> yang:hen, the president's nationalto send t guard to the u.s. mexican border: how states areing and what the decision means for immigration. and, 50 years later: civil rits activist fred davis remembers the final days of dr. martin luther king, jr. all that and more on tonight's pbs newsur.

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engagemed the advancement of international peace and security. at carnegie.org. >> and with the ongoing support of these institutions: anindividuals. >> this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting. and by contributions to your pbs station thank you. like you. >> yang: today president trump said sending the national guard to secure the border with mexico is essential to fight illegal immigration, drug smuggling,

violent gangs and other crimes, including rape. appearing in white sulphur springs, west virginia, he citea van of migrants traveling across mexico, and resurrected the claim he made when heno ced his presidential run in 2015. >> remember my opening remarks at trump tower when i opened. everybody said, oh, he was so tough. i used the word rape. yesterday it came out where this journey coming up, women are raped at levels that nobody has ever seen before. sa yang: the department of homeland securit today it's still working with governors of california, arizona, new mexico and texas on how many guardsmen will be sent, and where. we'll take a closer look at the issue after the news summary. for the rst time today, the president addressed the controversy about the payment tn a tar who claims they had a sexual affair. the president said he did not $1ow in advance that his attorney had pai,000 to stephanie clifford, who performs as "stormy daniels," u

non-disclosure agreement shortly before the 2016 election. asked why the lawyer, michael cohen, made president said: "you'll have to ask michael." mr. trump's chieeconomic adviser is trying to calm worries about a trade war with china. on tuesday, the administration announced new tariffs on china, and yesterday, beijing responded with similar measures, targeting u.s. soybeans, aircraft and chemicals. that triggered concerns from farm groups and others. but, outside the white house this morning, larry kudlow stressed that so far, these aren proposals. >> our intention is not to punish anybody. our intention is to open markets and investments and lower barriers. that's the deal. it's all part of a, you know, a fairly delicate broad-based negotiation but it's longe. over that's all i'm saying. we can fix this thing. >> yang: the chinese insisted today, through their state-run news agency, that they will not back down. an israeli air strike along the

gaza border killed a palestinian today, making the death toll 21 in a week's worth of violence. mourners carried the body fu a ral procession. the israelis said the man had been an armed terrorist. meanwhile, another man died of f wounds from laday's clashes. the united nations is urging both sides to show restraint, but more protests are expected tomorrow. back in this country, the white 'suse sent conflicting signals about scott pruiuture as he's under an ethics cloud that includes his $50-a-night lease of a washington, d.c. condo from the wife of an energy industry lobbyist. today, reporters aed president trump if he still has confence but he also said he's looking into the allegations. a i think-- i think he is

i think coal and energy, they love scotpruitt. they love scott pruitt. ruitt himself told fox news >> yang: pruitt himself told foe news yay that he is dumbfounded by questions about his condo lease. he also said he does not think his job is in jeopardy. startling new numbers today sheh more light oeconomic toll of the u.s. opioid epidemic.am the kaisery foundation reports large employers spent b $2lion in 2016 to cover costs of addiction and overdoses. that's up from $300,000 in 2004, a more than eight-fold increase. the number of opioid prescriptions has actuallyal fallen acrosmajor disease .ategories, as employers limit insurance covera and, on wall street, stocks rose on increased optimism that china and the united states can work out their trade dispute. the dow jones industrial average gained nearly 241 points to close at 2505.

the nasdaq rose 34 points, and the s&p 500 added 18 still to come on the nshour: president trump orders the national guard to the u.s.- mexican border. can facebook regain its user trust? judy sits down with facebook's sheryl sandberg to talk about what's next. as the masters tournament tees off, we talk to the author of a new tiger woods biography, and much more. >> yang: as we reported earlier, the president has authorized the use of national guard forces along the u.s. border with mexico. while mr. trump's plan has raised concerns, there is precedent. both presidents george w. bush and barack obama sent troops to the southern front during their terms. we get two takes from experts involved in both of those deployments. hn sandweg worked at the

department of homeland security during thebama administration. and theresa cardinal brown advised the bush administration's department ofit homeland sec welcome to you both. i want to ask each of you and start with you theresa about your decisions, the decisions made when were you working for the administration. president george w. bush sent 6,000 troops to the border in 2006. whe you trying to accomplish then and what was the situation that prompted this decision. >>d how does it compare to today? o at that time there was a very large number of heprehensions happening at border, well over a million apprehensions a year. and a lot ofit was happening in ariza. and they were overwhelming the ability of the board are patrol to handle it at the time. we had bipartisan calls in congress for sending to the border. we had bipartisan calls from governs at the borde asking to send support. they were ramping updditional

hiring of brder patrol. we had about 7,000 fewer agentsw than. this was seen as a way of assisting the border patrol, supporting them in t efforts and basically freeing up border patrol agents from some of these inllateral duties so they could do more proceand apprehending of people at the border. >> and john, in 201 president obama sent 12,000s troops-- orua national. >> 1200. >> i'm sorry, 1200. what was the situation then.si >> if waar, we had a enrge number of intrusions into the united stateprimarily from people from mexico. they were trying to eade capture. congress had passed a bill to give more funds for more o the idea wasnd to bridges until we could get that new technology in place. that was t thinking then at the time and why we deployed the guard at that time. >> did this decision, presids t trurcision make sense now? i mean picking people up, it has ticked up at the board are but is still athe lest level since 1970.

>> border patrol has never been better staffednever been better equipped and never have fewer activities at the border now. 200,000 am rehengs is lowest in decade n2 o 06 over a million, with about 12,000 border patrol agents., that makes senen you have 20,000 border patrol agents am rehending only 300 thown people, these people are sur themselves. a third of these individuals are working up to border patrol agents and surrendering, no even coming across the border but into the port of entry. the idea that we need nalt guard to-- seems ridiculous at this time. >> theresa what is your take. >> i agree, conditions are different. one additional factor going on in 2006 is we actually have a large number of central americans a the that time coming in. ey weren't the families, the minors be families coming in now. it was mostlmen and they were trying to evade. we had issues with processing them because theree kontd returned back across the border. there is some similarity there. but the scale, the scale is completely different. as john mentioned we have had a

recent yup tick from month to month. and a large yup tick from a year ago this area but last area was the lowest on record since the 1970s. a lot of people are attributing thato the election of president trump, yes, it is filling up but we are nowhere near the scale we werba then. >> john, you mentioned the deployment and president obamas witho bridge physical some technology got put into place. >> that's right. >> the president, president trump says this is is until congress takes the action necessary to close the loopholes that are undermining our border security efforts. is that certainlily-- essentially open ended. what is your thought on that. >> it certainly seems meen-ended toment i think a lot of this is politics. the board are patrol, there prbt any calls or perceived gaps 6789 their ability to arrest the people coming in i think is very well established. they have more than enough man power and equipment to handle wh is cominghrough. obviously i think something larger in the political realm is at play with this decision. >> theresa, what were the downsides that you worried

about, sending active duty military, essential leigh, u. th. border. >> these are national 2k3w5urd troops so there was a lot of negotiation with the governors there was a lot of discussion internally in the administration about would they be armed. would they be able it do law enfoement activity, it s pretty clear early on that they were not going to be arresting der.viduals at the bor they eventually were armed in certain circumstances. but not at the border. and so that was a lot of the negotiation with the governors. the other big issue ws how it would be paid for. national guard troops are usually under governor's aupaorities and states wit for it, unless the federal government reimburses. the fenmral govt did reimburse about 1.6 billion over that deployment. that will be an issue congress will have to tckle no mater what. >> theresa staying with you, what was the reaw ction or d the governors and pentd gone react when you talked this or rationed this possibility. >> the pentagon was nervous i think about there iea. there were other things going on. remember, this was not that long

after 9/11. we had operationgoing on in iraq, in afghanistan. where active duty national guard were puinto active duty status and deployed overseas. we weren't that far after cat riba. thtional guard was still doing a lot of cleanup ie areas. so there were a lot of other duties that people wanted theal natiuard to be doing. this wasn't top of mind. like i said thereerealls and the governors were eager to do it because of the flow happen at the time. so he with worked o out agreements. there were 6,000 at most at any given time over the two years, about 29,000 national gurd troops on active duty circulated through those roles. >> with was your experience with the governors ad thentagon? >> the governors were okay with the plan and i think asthe time it ery pliltically heated time, there were som geovernors calling for moore troops especially in arizona and other republican 2k3w06er in led states but the pentagon was reluctant to dt mission and concerned about the funding and this draining from other priorities. >> john quickly did it work.

>> we transitioned, to make thio t quickly, it will be interesting to see what the president does. we within from boots on the ground to the boos in the air after one year. as have fixed wing and helicopters thatelpful to the boferredder patrol and wase. effect boots on the ground prpbility that effected nif hindsight and not as effective as technology krebly deployed. >> whats with your experience. >> it was bridging a gap that the board are patrol was haaffing up at the time. it did help witht. they did do some of the similar kind of surveillance operationto mong cameras and ground sensors and that helped with and so you know, from that standpoint it was a success. dt you know it was wounown after two areas in part because the national guard was tired. they had been doing a lot oft missions not j the border during this period of time and defense department was like we would rather wind it down ife can afford it. >> theresa cardinal brown, thanks so much for explaining this. >> thank you. an

>> pressure on facebook has been mounting for weeks, after news broke that ons of milliousers of the social media site had their personal information exploitempin ways the y had not previously acknowledged. facebook's crisis of confidence, with both its uss,s and lawmaks deepening with new revelations. the social media giant said it now believes that up to 87 million people, mostly in the united states, had their data improperly shared with camidge analytica, the british-based political consulting firm that nrked for the trump campa and others. facebook c.e.o. and founder mark zuckerberg also admitted that outsiders likely accessed public profiles for mosof the platform's two billion users at

some point, without explicit permission. it's certain to intensify scrutiny from congress next week when zuckerberg testifies. >> privacy is clearly at risk in america. and mark zuckerberg ought to bee beforeudiciary committee in public, under oath. >> yang: the federal trade commission is also investigating facebook for possible violations of a 2011 agreement to protect p uservacy. the trail of trouble began with data collected by a researcher o created a personality profiling app on facebook. that ge the researcher access to information about tens of millions of users. facebook says all that information was improperly turned over to cambridge analytica. it then targeted individuals with emotionally charged content on behalf of the trump campaign >> if ow the personality of the people you're targeting, you can nuance your messaging to resonate more effectively with those key grou.

>> yang: last month zuckerberg spoke to c about the scandal. >> so this was a major breach of trust and i'm really sorry that this happened. you know we have a basic responsibility to protectop le's data and if we can't do that then we don't deserve to have the opportunity to serve people. >> yang: it turns out facebook was aware for at least two years that the data was being harvested in this way, but did not disclose it until last month. yesterday, zuckerberg admitted he made a huge mistake. facebook now says it will limit third-party access to data and make it easier for users to remove data-gathering apps from their profiles. the company said that on monday it will begin alerting the users whose data was shared with cambridge analytica.al of this follows earlier disclosures that russian provocateurs used facebook to place ads and post fake news, trying to influence the 2016 elecon. just a little while ago, judy

woodruff sat down with top facebook executive sheryl sandbe.db sheryl sg, thank you very much for talking with us. >> thank you for coming to facebook. >> woodruff: so facebook acknowledged yesterday that most of your two billion users could have this their prole, their personal profile information harvested, stolen. that is a stnningly damaging peeses of information, isn't it? >> well, let's be clear what happened here. in this case, we had a feature that enabled to you find your fried s. you can fiur friends by their name, email or phone number. that was a good e andally important to a lot of people. people who should not have d that data and made a direct ore of it but what matters here is all the the information they seeferred was nready public, they didot scrape any private data. so it was information people had already listed on facebook publicly. now that doesn't make it okay. we shun t dowis use case, we

are glad we found it. but it awas not private dta for all of those people. >> so was dmage done by this or not? >> well, this plays into the yefer all situation we're in. which is people not trusting how data seussed onacebook. and we know that we did not do a good enough job protecting people's data. i am really sorry for that, and mark is really sorry. and we're taking strong action. in fact, that announcement is part of the strong action we're taking. we announced two weeks agatha we were going to take a very broad look at how facebook data was used. we were going to find problems,n shut them down tell people about it and that is why thatnt announceappened am but that's not all we are doing. we have shut down many other use cases in groups, events, pages and search. and starting monday we will begin rolling out to everyone il the on face book at the top of their news feed a very clear and eas sy way toee what

d ps they shaeir data with and an easy way to meet those. as part of that we will let people know ifheir data might have been accessed by cambridge analytica. >> woodruff: i want to ask you about that, but why weren't these steps taken sooner and is there any chance that right now data is being lifted, taken, harvestee if peon't want? >> it's a really important question. and i think the answer on why this didn't happen sooner really goes back k what facebs trying to do. we were very focused for the last ten years on building social experiences. and it is important, those ae why your friends know your birthday, why you can share play lists. nobut we were not focusedh on the possible misuses of data. when we saw specific problems, we shut thopecific problems down. so in the camgebrnalytica case, the friends of friend sharing that enabled that, weat shut town in 2015. but what we didn't do until now, and to be clear, we are late, but what we are doing now is

looking much more holisticically at all the ways facebookata seussed. and making a lot of very pr.ctive chang >> woodruff: but on cambridge analytica how certain are yout that tta is-- is destroyed, that it's not available to anyonenywhere for use any more. da with cambridge analytica. we don't know wha or if they have any data at all right now.ss we were givenances by them areas ago that they deleted the data. we should have fold up. that's on us.to we are tryino a forensic audit to find out what they have. we started that, the u.k. government is now doing their own investigation, they get precedence. so we are waiting. we don't know at all what data they had. e 87 million people we notified are people whose data might have been accessed byly cambridge anca. so we're giving the most conservative possible estimate and notifying those people but once we do our audit if we can hone it we will be. >> cambridge analytica working

with the trump capaign for president, to what extent did facebook play a e in electing donald trump. >> the questions on thison electhey are big and they are deep. and certainly we have done a lot of soul searching lwith the role we payed on the foreign interns fencer that we did not see or catch early enough on the election. i think people will beng to answer that question for a long time and it is an important question. we a very focused on learning the less objects and applying them. so you might have seen this week we took down another 270 pictures from the russian ira. those pages are-- . >> woodruff: internetted research. >> their internet research agency, that is the se organization that tried to interfere in our election and did put content in our website and interfered. with he were too sen, but we found these pages now proactively and we took em down. and some people say, well, these were russia in russian targeted to russia. our program is clear, this is a troll farm, this is completely

deceptive information and there is no place on it-- place for it on facebook in the united states, inussia, anywhere in the world. we found this and we are proactively going find things like this in other parts of rlte >> woodruff: do you believe facebook played a role in the trump election? >>-- . >> woodruff: in electing donald trump. >> certaly every candidate at every level used facebook. we also registed 2 million people to voavment of course we played some role in that election. what thatole was and hohat was influenced is something people will study for a long time and those areer important questions. >> in a way isn't the horse out of the barn. you have now lost the confidence of many of your user who wee saying they don't know if they could trust facebook, they have to be careful bout what they post. how do you win back the trust that you had from so many people? >> trust say really important you are asking a really important question. and you know for me personally, thtfact that people would n trust us, i take responsibility for that. and that hits hard. and here's what we are doing.i

we are sing the way we think about running our company. f we ading the problems ourselves. the problem we found ourselvesed we staith everything we announced this eck with, we found. because we're taking aroactive approach. i am not going to sit here duty and tell threw won't be future problems. there will. we are at the beginning of what is a comprehensive rw. we are trying to work quickly but we are trying to work thoroughly. so we are going to announce more thing. things. people are going to try to find new things but hcoe is our it am. this isn't a one-time change or a one-time exercise. this is ongsoing because deurt and safety is an arms race. you build sometng, someone tries to a beu it, then we will build the next thi and soeone will try to abuse it. we are going to take a much more proactive stance. we are investing to the point that it changes our company's profit ability so that we can get ahead of that. >> woodruff: you are saying some ofn't focus on these problems soon enough. some people look at this and say this raieses questions about whole facebook business model,

the concept of facebook in thee. first pl because are you basically saying to people,uild with great community, communicate with all your friends and family and we are gointo make that information, some of it available to our advertisers. there say disconnect there. a peop looking at that and saying can the two things stay-- coexist, can you have something that is a community and a commercial venture at the same time, where people are profiting off that information? >> it's a kritd kal question and i'm ad you asked we believe very deeply in our advertising model. because just like tv, it's what naibilities us to make this product available to people all around the world for free. 2 billion people use the product. if it weren't advertising-basst, f those people would not be able to. but then the deeper question are you asking is cane run an ads business where we serve targeted ads in a way thaprocts people's privacy. and the answer to that is a very

clear yes. we've always built privacy into our ads modweels. o not sell data or give your personal data to advertisers period. what happens on facebook is someone wants to advertise. we are able to show targeteads that you will hopefully be interested in without passingna any per data. our commitment to that remains very strong. and we believe that being able to offer a free service is very important for the community we build. >> we know clearly some good hat comef what facebook does. at the same time you haveth critics oue saying you, mark zuckerberg, the c.e.o., the others in the leadership of facebook, let your success go to you are why head, in effect. that you were doing s, you were growing so fast, making so much money, that you forgot about one of th essential promises you made to your users. anthat is their privacy. how do you explain what went wrong inside te leadership, the thinking of facebook? >> well, we made big mistakes

and we know that. an i think it really is that we were very focuseon social experiences. and pretty idealistic, that we believed in a world where people could hare and experience things together. and we just wer teninking enough about the bad use cases. and that's on us. we are learning those lessons, so for eample, if you thnk about fake news on facebook, happened quickly, ren't doing enough, now we are. we are now working very closely with third party fact chesockers we can identify things as false. >> woodruff: but last fall, mark zuckerberg said sometime last year that it was crath to thinrussians were using facebook. it turned out to be the case. i mean, there is a-- the appearce is thafacebook didn't want to see some of the problems until it solutely had to see them. >> well, mark apologized for that comment. he knows it was way too fli

we are taking strong action. so going back to fake news what t we are doing now is t someone is about to post something that is false, we warn th, heyur third party fact checkers have said this is false. if you psted something, we go back and warn you. we dramically reduce the distribution and we have a partnership shet up with ap in all 50 state o ahethe, you know, the u.s. mid term election to mark false news. >> woouff: do people watching this, what do you say to folks who say well trk happened before at facebook, several big mistakes. hodo we know thre won't be another one? what are you changing inside the way you make decisions inside this company? >> well, i'm ner going say here and say there won't be more mistakes and i'm never going to sit here and say there won't be content we don't want on facebook. there are two billion people who post every day. we have a no hate poicy but someone is going to post a bit of hate and we will work hard to geit down. but here is what i will say. that we are fundamentally shifting the way we tink about

this. we are no longer just trying to build social experiences. we are also-- we always were concerned about privacy but not enough. we are also taking more proactive step toses get ahead of the possible misuse. a and you aready seeing us do that. >> and what about the bigger question out there, one of the bigger questions out there which is should one private company have control over this mny inter-- interactions, too eillion pem growing, how much of a role is thre for government. you and mark zuckerberg have said you are oen to some government regular leation. how much are you open to and how could-- how far are you willing to go to let ansi outr or even a competitor come in and change the fact that you are dealing with a massive numbeof humans on this planet? we've given a lot of thought to that. and we are, we do operate under lots of regulation all over the world. we are in a lot of dialogue now

and always but particularly now. z bah there areiguestions out there about what role should tech company has just tech companies have particularly in our size and scope. we're not just open to regulation, we're moving a heads of it. so the most likely regulation it the states is the honest lts act it may or may not pass. we've already bhe tool. it's live in canada. there be live in the u.s. before the eltion and what it means is that anyone can look at any page on face bk and see all the ads they are running. and for electioads, you will be able to see how much was spent, who paid for it and the demographic. we are going to build a four year look going foorld start showing the data so for years from now, four years of data that is completely industry leading transparency and that we are doing, we are on to the regulation as well, but we can't wait. we have to do more now. >> but for the critics who say facebook needs competitors, it needs to be taken over by somebody else, it needs much more regulation, what do you

oy? >> i say a those open questions, we will see what happens. we have competitors. obviously we compete with but the most important thing i say to them is that we understd thatwere behind. we are getting much more proactive. arhyou already seeing uss week. it's never going to be perfect. 's race.an arm we are going to build something. someone is going to try, we will try to get all theate content off and we are doing better and better but what you will see from us say real commitment and a real belief in what we do y.ery da >> hi hard is the spi >> you know, it should be hard. because we have a really big responsibility here. >> we know that. >> sheryl ndberg, coo of facebook. thank you very much. >> thank you for coming here to be with me. ta

>> yang:y with us, coming up a civil rights attorney later, remembers martin luther king,s jrst march. and a brief but spectacular take from an actress on l ptening to reple. a now to golf, ather step in tiger woods' improbable owmeback. it was an up-andday for woods, who ended one-over-par after the opening day of the masters tournament. jeffrey brown has this look at a new best-selling biography of woods. it's the latest edition to the newshour bookshe. ( cheers and applaus ) >> brown: the roar of the crowds, on the way to a top-five finish last month. the club twirls, the signature fist pumps: it's a tiger woods many, including woods himself,

thought may never be seen again. >> if you would've asked me at the beginning of the year that i would've had the chance to win two golf tournaments, i would've taken that in a heartbeat. ol i can play with no pain and i can feel like makef swings, i'll figure it out. >> brown: all eyes are now on the 42-year-old, as he's set to 01mpete in his first masters tournament since was back in 1997 on the famous augusta, georgia course a that1-year old woods first made his mark on golf history, becominghe youngest player ever to win the coveted green jacket, by a staggering 12 strokes. he would become the most dominant golfer and one of the greatest athletes of his eca. but in 200 the ugly fall: a tigefew knew, a public admission of rampant infidelity, divorce, and a break from golf.

injuries also took a toll, before major back surgery last year helped start a comeback. the larger life story is now told in a new biography, "ger woods," by veteran sports journalists jeff benedict and armen kateyian who joi me now from new york. armen, it's nice to talk to you again. first, remind us of tiger woods the great maybe the greatest what allowed him to be so. well, he had the entire package. he was the most powerful golfer you know ever really to walk the face of the earth one is when he stepped on the tour his swing speed his ball striking ability his mind to tiger himself said my greatest weapon was you knowv my cregenius on the golf course and then you match thatis with almost ndomitable will a willingness to crush his eponents and really take heart out of his opponents. time and time again on the golf course it was mplete package.

and en you add in the charis and his captivating personality on the cours and he literally was unbelievable you know a readable. >> brown: you tract of this to his early life. the parents who shaped him sometimes drove him. many remember that father son embrace in 1997. so it's a loving relationship but also one that in some ways warped him no question. >> i mean, it's a very complicated relationship between tiger and his parents. the family dynamic drives the entire narrative of our book you could argue that he was programmed to be you know a prodigy by his parents both good and bad. but there's a cost associated with that. and that's one of the things i think the book does so well. it examines the family dynamic in a way both pro and con. but it also raises serious questions about the price of

fame and the cost. we allwn: well you kno in the public learned about this other side of tiger woods only in 2009. buityour showing that someho was always there but always hidden and quite guarded.on >> no quese was a very private person. this was a shy, awkward, socially awkward child who bursn the scene with almost unimaginable fame, extreme fame and hertune. anas overwhelmed by it for quite a while and he became very isolated a he became very distrustful of the media. and then he began to enjoy all the pleasures of the fame and fortune. but then there was this other side of him that really is rather unlikable for the longest peod of time. entitlement on very little gratitude and grace towards other people who were doing things for him. and literally jeff as we're writing this book there's a whole arc obviously to the book but there's points in time whe w jeff and i ating it where

we're having trouble writing it because he's not a very likabl person during a long stretch of his life. >> brown: how far when the fall happened as you looked at it how far down do you think he went psychologically? just in his life? >> well put it into context in terms of 2009. i mean his epic fall from grace was fodder for the "new york post" for 21 straight days, a record 21 straight days more time than after 9/11. he was on every cable television station. b it was tinning of tmz and the blowup of social media. er was an absolute humiliating experience for tnd it stayed with him for a long period of time and it added to his distrust of the media. and then on top of that he has a ryvorce he goes through a ng serious erm problem with injuries that require four backo surgeries and ate problem

you could say an opiate addiction. i mean he has had virtually every aspect of his life. is shakespearean and that's itat's so interesting abou but on the other hand, team tiger and his magement people have protected tiger. the driving question for us in this book was two things really. who is tiger woods? and that is a question that his people have protected for basically 20 years. and what's the price of genius? well and that's a that's a complicated answer. >> brown: and yet here we are on the cusp of a masters where tiger woods somehow is among the favorites. you have sponsors talking again about maybe signing up withim. a new narrative where do you think we are. >> i think you're absolutely right.ve some things t changed but tiger has changed. he's healthy emotionally. he's in the best spirits and shape of his life. he was engaged with fans. he was more outgoing. he's more he's more human than he's ever been.

and i think that's what makesrs this mashe rise and the ght now in his life so captivating and we end the book on a very positive note in terms of he's about ready to show a new generation fing pros and his children who have never seen him at his peak. what aiving legend looks like. >> brown: okay. er'll be watching. the new book is "toods" by jeff benedict and armen keteyian. thanks a lot. >> thank you, jeff. rn >> yang: we reo our series of conversations about the life of the reverend martin luther king junior, who was murdered 50 years ago this week.in is final days, dr. king traveled to memphis to lend his voice to theity's black sanitation workers, who were protesting the poor working conditions. by the time he arrived, they had been on strike for more than six

weeks. fred davis served as the chair of memphis city council's public works committee and helped negotiate an end to the strike. he marched with dr. king and was present for the civil rights leader's final speech before his assassination, when he declared "i've been to the mountaintop." judy spoke with him before she went to california. when dr. king came to memphis what was the condition of the sanitation workers? how were they doing? >> they were not going well at all. they wer makes-- making less than a dollar an hour and theywe disiniminateed agai the sense that even at that level, all of the truck drivers wer white, all of the people who picked up the tubs and tack them to the truck were black. the truck drivers, even though they were not out in the rain and the heat in that kind of

thing, had showers. the men did not have showers. >> the men who picked up the tub. >> the men who picked up the garbage did not have showers. sometimes the-- was putrified when they picked them up and all that stuff was rn ning dow their clothes. and most of them did not have t enough mono buy a car. and they wou old gpublic transportation with that kind of smell on them. i heard one fella say that when he got home his wife mamde hi change clothes outside before he came in. and that is the kind of conditions that they were wo >> you were there for that speech that he gave the night before he dies tellbout that. >> it was a very rainy nig.ht

it was rainy cats and dogs. the council members came in through the side door. the place was packed. there was no capacity. and i, since there was no room out in the audience, i compliemed up some steps that was going up to the edge ofhe stage. so that's how i can claim to be sitting on the stage when he ech. that spe >> dr. king came and you heard the speech. >> dr. king came in, there was no papers, no notes, no anything. he just walked tothe stage and started to speak. >> and i see the promiseland. i may not get there with you, but i want you to know toight that we are the as a people will bet to the promise land. >> of course that was the speech

that everyone remembers about . king 78 buthe next time came in contact orw kneat it had happened was when he was shot. >> right. >> on april 4th. >> we were in aeeting at the hotel across the street frm city hall. there were nine of us in that meeting.an we had determined that we were going to settle the strike that day am we got a call from city hall saying turn the turn the television on. and when we turned the wlevision on and we heaat would happen, there were three african-american councilman all together. the two of us were this that room, we came loose. i mean it was havoc. >> he remained in memphis over all these years, how muh rder was it after he was gonand yet

you keep going. how? >> you have to keep going. the problem doesn't go away. as long as you are black in america you have problems. n cause it's more intense in some areas tha is in other areas. but it is there always. >> finally, if someone wants to know how are the sanitation workers doing today in mem tennessee, compared to back in the day when martin luther king was trying to help atem, what wh you say? >> i said the sanitation workers are doing much better. but there is a way to go. rtere has been some progress. but the h and the soul ofth memphis ansouth is slow to. chan and that's where we have to to

deal with. and when i said the heart and the soul, i mean thet aitudes of the powers that be. to change. one of the things i have said is that you n't keep a man in a ditch unless you stand there with him. now and that regiois noted for the lowest edcational attainmente, th morbidity, mortality ra, the mortality rate, all of these things exowbd to make life not as good as it could be in thosiers. and we have toeal with that. >> fred davis who was there with dr. king, working on everything that dr. king was working on in 1968, and are you still there fighting the fie.

>> absolutely. >> thank you very much. >> thank >> yang: tomorrow night, we conclude our series with special correspondent charlayne hunter- gault's conversation with entertainer and king confidant harry belafont >> yang: now to ou, newshour sharmething interesting that caught our eye. ray stanford has been looking for dinosaurs in creek beds and rivers for ove30 years. despite being a self-taught tracker, stanford is something of a legend among paleontologists. producer pamela kirkland has the story. six years ago, he made his biggest discovery to-date. >> there's part of a track d rn to the lowht. >> reporter: when it comes to tracking dinosaurs, ray stanford is a natural. stanford is a self-taught paleontologist known for his

talent for finding dinosaur fossils from the cretaceous era, 140 to 65 million years ago. in 2010, while visiting his wife sheila, an information specialist at nasa's goddard space flight center, he noticed a loose rock. >> this is the theropod track that ultimately led to the grand discovery. >> reporter: on a separate visit two years later, a rock on the hillside, not far from the first track he found, caught his eye.e >> if you woulold me this, i would never have believed that i was going to find something like this.s >> reporter: tme, it was the footprint of a nodosaur, the cretaceous period's version of an armadillo. beneath the ground, there were more tracks stanford couldn't see. afteyears of analysis, it turns ou of the best fossil trackways in the world. >> over 100 tracks

over 40 mammal tracks of at least three and probably five tspecies of mammals at le three species of dinosaur tracks and probably two or three species of flying reptile tracks. >> reporter: at least 110 million years ago, theseur dinosaurs-- ods and nodosaurs-- small mammals --and flying reptiles, like the pterosaur, crossed paths on the 8.5 foot slab of sandstone. because none of the prints overlap, experts think theks trccurred over the course of a few days or hours. they remained untouched until now. this replica is displayed in goddard's earth science building in greenbelt, maryland. the original sits in a warehouse in maryland for further study. if not for stanford, the scovery might have been lost to construction. at the time, nasa had plned to build on the site. >> i had walked by that place probably 30 or 40 times and i

had no idea there was something so cool right there. >> reporter: compton tucker is a climate researcher at nasa and oversaw the excavatithe four ton stone. nasa tapped tucker for his experience working on archeological di to find buried ruins. >> we found where the sandstone was. we organized a team of volunteers to come in on weekends. and we dug out all of the rocks we found in our survey, and one of those rocks is the amazing rock which has the track ray anford found. >> these people are used to looking into space, not into ancientime-- looking down. >> reporter: stanford has been looking at tracks for over 25 years, thanks to his 10-year-old son's curiosity in dinosaurs. >> joel, at a second hand bookstore said daddy let's get this book on tracking dinosaurs. we got the book and we began to find dinosaur tracks in the stream although we'd read another book that said that nothg had been found in the d.c./maryland area. >> reporter: since then, stanford has tripled the number

of dinosaurs and winged reptiles identified in the state of maryland. one of his finds, a hatchling of a baby nodosaur-- the only hatchling of an armored dinosaur in the world-- sits on display at the smithsonian national museum of natural histor >> this one is my favorite footprint. >> reporter: his house is full he and his wife sheila estimate they've collected over 1,000. >> theropod flesh-eating dinosaur. >> reporter: for s fossil hunting is second nature. >> it's a gift. it's a it's a habit that grows the more you dit the better u get at it. >> reporter: after unearthing his largest find, the 79 year- s old is stirching for the next big discovery.te >> you get add i confess. you just keep on tracking. >> reporter: for the pbs newshour, i'm pamela kirkland in greenbelt, maryland. >> yang: finally, we turn another installment of our weekly brief but spectacularre

series we ask people about their passions. tonight, actor, playwright and activist anna deavere smith, widely known for her roles in "the west wing" and "nurse jackie." she has also earned critical acclm for her one-woman show the latest, "notes from the field," recently aired on hbo. smith shares her unique process for getting into character. ha when i was a girl, my grandfather saidif you say a word often enough, it becomes you. and i've been trying to become america word-for-word in the way that you would think about putting yourself in her people shoes and putting myself in other people's words. i interview people, and i learnt hey say and try to put together a lot of disparate parts of interviews in one whola in order t a current rtoblem come alive. for me, there are n points in any interview that i do that

wpeople start to speak in where the rhythm, you know, t leads believe that there's emotions stored in there. and so, as an actor, euetions are myand those are the types of moments that i want to reenact onstage. this is not the time for us to be playing the lottery, to be at the horseshino. this is not the time for us to be walkingmi i was a mias a child and, you know, i guess you could say what i'm doing now is a more respectable version of that, which was, you know, inevitably, mimicking is a little bit subversive. i don't mean to be subversive, i'm not an impressionist. i'm delighted if audiences think something's funny, but i'm not making fun of a person. my most recent play, "notes from the field" was based on my having done 250 interviews around the united states on the subject of what we call the school to prison pipeline. i'm interested in complicating

the narrative and revealing to the people in my audience that there are many narratives. the more roots you have going off in directions and grabbingth ground, you're probably gonna be a stronger tree. that would be my objective. all of my works of art, as a form of activism. i don't have answers, i don't an let theple, i judges do that, i can let the media do that. i'm a dramatist. and so, you know, a drama is always a constructive y,so wherthing is lost and then it's going to be regained. i went to new orleans right after katrina.pl and to watch plooking around at everything they lost and trying to make sense and making an impromptu plan is really important to me in how i view the world. you know, you could say, "oh my goodness. isn't that-- you know, that must be so hard. doesn't that make you sad? for me, it's the opposite, it eshows me just how invent people are.

i believe that the theater and other art forms are an opportunity to convene people around these issues and ask em while they're sitting together, to do something. my name is anna deavere smith, and this is my brief but spectacular take on listening to people. >> yang: you can watch additional brief but spectacula episodes on bsite, pbs.org/newshour/brief. on the newshour online right now, an expert on personal finance for young people explains when and how you should start talking to your kids about money to establish good habits.a th more is on our web site, pbs.org/newshour. and that's the newshour for tonight. i'm john yang. join us online and again here tomorrow evening with shields and reihan salam. for all of us at the pbs newshour, thank you and see you. so p>> major funding for the newshour has been provided by:

>> my dad once said tragedy has a way of defining people. >> what the hell happened, teddy? ik they're treating this le a crime scene. >> we tell the truth-- or at least, our version of it. >> senator, when can we expect some answers? >> we're in this deeper than i thout. >> these theatrics are not going to hold up in a court of law. >> what have i done? >> chappaquiddick, rated pg-13. april 6. >> babbel. a language app that teaches real-life conversations in a new language, like spanish, french, german, italian, and more. babbel's 10-15 minutesons are available as an app, or online. more information on babbel.com.

kevin. advice for life >> and with the ongoing support of these institutions >> this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting.ut and by contrns to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. ctaptioning sponsored by newshour prons, llc captioned by media access group at wgbh access.wgbh.org

elyse: we're the history detectives, and we're going to investigate some untold stories from america's past. gwen: this week, we explore three mysterious artifacts dating from the revolutionary war. could this picture be a rare 17-century drawing of george washington by gilbert stuart, america's foremost portrait painter? did this old brass cannon ignite the first battle of the war for independence? and was this poem written by an american p.o.w. imprisoned in britain in 1780 at the height of our fight for political freedom? elvis costello: ♪ watchin' the detectives