captioning sponsored by veewshour productionsllc >> nawaz: goodng, i'm amna nawaz. judy woodruff is away. on the newshour tonight, president trump welcomes french e,esident macron to the white ho with a decision on the iran deal on the line. then, another embattled nominee. mr. trump's pick to run veterans affairs faces scrutiny frothe senate. plus, we begin a special series from bangladesh. tonight, the plight of rohingya refugees and their desire to return home. >> ( translated ): it is our country, and we have been living there for more than a 1000 years. and after years of slow genocide, we were finay forced to flee. >> nawaz: all that and more on tonight's pbs newshour.

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real-life conversations in a new language, like spanish, french, >> and with the ongoing support of these institutions: s >> this program de possible by the corporation for public broadcasting. and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. >> nawaz: a rendezvous at the white house, but a confrontation lies ahead. president trump and french president macron met today and discussed diffirences over the nuclear deal. their summit came as iran warned the u.s. not tbreak the deal. miche alcindor begins our coverage. >> reporter: with a 21-gun salute and a military band in revolutionary dress, predent trump welcomed the leader of america's oldest ally.

>> the beautiful friendship between the united states and france, forged in revolution has chand the course of history. >> reporter: mr. trump and french president emmanuel macron lauded u.s.-french tie and their own personal bond was evident. >> we do have a very special relationship. in fact i'll get that little piece of dandruff off-- we have to make him perfect. he is perfect. >> reporter: macron hoped to build on that good will in urging mr. trump to maintain the iran nuclear deal by a may 12th tadline. oval office, their differences over the deal, the joint comprehensive plan of action, were on clear display. >> we have the stability to preserve our alliance in the n gion and what we want to do is conte iranian presence in f e region and j.c.p.o.a. is partis broader picture. , it just seems that no matter where you pecially in the middle east, iran is behind it, wherever there's trouble, yemen,

syria. no matter where you ha iran is behind it. >> reporter: president trump anlled the nuclear deal "i and argued that iran's ballistil mitesting is a violation. he also dismissed warnings from iran that the regime would resume enriching uranium, if the u.s. pulls out. >> it won't be so easyor them to restart. they're not going to be restarting anything. they restart it they're going >> reporter: the two presidents held what they called frank discussions on the subject. and, at a joint news cnce, macron said the u.s. should remain part of the nuclear deal, but added that there should be talks to improve it. >> ( translated ): it's not about tearing apart an agreement and having nothing. it's about building something new that will cover all of onc ns. >> reporter: macron said that includes blocking any iranian nuclear activity until 2025, completely ending its ballistic missile activity and finding a p>>h

only way to bring about ability. >> reporter: mr. trump, in turn, said he wants an entirely new agreement. >> i think we will have a great deot at doing a much bigger mayb maybe not deal, we'll find out, but we're going to some people expect, whether or not it will be possible to do a new deal with solid usundations, bethis is a deal with decayed foundations. it's a bad deal. reporter: still, iranian president hassan rouhani declared today that a u.s. withdrawal from the existing deal would be a betr foreign minister javad zarif followed up this afternoon, in new york: >> we lieve that if the united states were to withdraw from the nuclear deal the immediate consequence all likelihood would that iran would reciprocate and withdraw from e deal. >> reporter: russia and china, both of which signed the 2015

agreement, also sought international support today for keeping the u.s. in the nuclear deal. >>awaz: on the other side pennsylvania avenue, senators announced today that they will postpone confirmation hearing for ronny jackson, president raump's pick to head the department of veaffairs. lawmakers' concerns about jackson, and his time as white house physician, first surfacedn ews reports last night. mr. jackson, who has served under three presidents, responded today: i'll just say that i was looking forward to the hearing tomorrow. i'm kind of disappointed that it's beenostponed, but i'm looking forward to it beingaw >>: the president was asked about ronny jackson's nomination this afternoon, and said this:we >> if him, actually in many ways i'd love to be him, but the fact is i wouldn't do it, i wouldn't do it.ee what does heit for? to be abused by a bunch of politicians that aren't thinkint nicely aboutountry? d really don't think, personally, he sho it, but it's totally his. i would stand behind him.

totay his decision. >> nawaz: our correspondents yamiche alcindor and lisa desjarns join me now. welcome, you guys. lisa, let's start with you. we're talking about these allegations that have recently come up that senators are now lt ookingout ronny jackson. what do you know about them? >> well, we know about asuch as the senators themselves. i spoke to several senators on the committee lvo them have not seen the direct source of these allegations. ane committee chairman and member apparently has seen them. also senator sherrod brown of ohio who told me and othe reporters that this involves double-dig numbers of people who know mr. jackson in our military or are former military. we know what mr. jackson said to one senator we met with todaaty, senator moran of kansas. senator moran told us that one allegation is refuted or that he denies, that he never had a drink on the job. that's from mr. jackson today,st but the f it is very murky. i think on top of these unknown allegations that we haven't seen

yet, there is probably even larger concerns about his level of experience. this is a man who has not run a large organization yet. >> nawaz: so where do these nominations stand right now? we saw he was meeting with senators on the hill. what is he saying to them? >> there are very searth cose concerns on the hill, but the senator he met with today, moran of kansas, told me he saw man who was confident,ts who says he whis job, that is looking forward to thece confirmation p, but we don't know where that's going to start. the hearing is now delayed. itrobably will not happen this week, amna, and the senate is on recess next week. that's two weeks of time that uld be good oad for mr. jackson. >> nawaz: yaiche, this was president trump's personal pick for this spot. what do you know about what the president believes, especially based on what we just heard him say there about ronny jackson'. nominati >> it was really hard to watch that press conference and not think that the president was trying to speak directly to dr. jackson and drop him a hint, oy, maybe you can back o this he says, "hey, i told him,

, do yougoing to be hard want to go through with this? are aren't there other things you could be canning.me if this wai would probably back out." these are signs he is probly telling him he should probablybo down. he said he was a great doctor. he said he was an extraordinary person. i'm understanding the white house is still backing him.i lked to white house officials who say president trump has been in directed contact with dr. ja so they have been talking. there have been no word from the 'twhite house saying we dant this guy to be v. a. secretary anymore. so as it stan moment, he's still a nominee. of course, the trump white house changes things minuteinute sometimes. >> nawaz: so that's the view from the white house. strong vws coming from the president. what about congress? where do they stand on all of this? >> i think there are real doubts about this nom neerbut i was surprised, i heard from several republicans who have met with him who said he's more impressive in person. he comes across as confident. he comesacross as someone with wants this job, and he makes a pitch that he'son-partisan and

that he's connected to veteran groups as an admiral, as himsf a veteran. they found that appealing. there's a lot of scepticism about him, but in pers apparently he's doing well, at least for now. >> nawaz: you raised the question about the vettin process at the white house, why some of these allegations didn't come out sooner.o whate know about that process, especially based on what past nominees have been rough? >> a lot of people say this white house's problems started november 11, 201, when president trump fired chris christie, who was heading up the transition teasa the report that chris christie had a long list of people who were really experitced in differ agencies and that once the president let him go, things went awry. can look at a long list of people, i was making a list before i came on here, ben carson who faced real issues on whether or not he was ready to, run hu betsy des have had a lot of pushback to be education secretary. omu had andy pudser because his

ex-wife alleged tic violence in their relationship. you had rob porter who had to be let go or fired or regned. a lot of people say different things at the white house. the point is he als was not vetted properly most people say because he had domestic violence abuse issues. this is a pattern of white house nominees having real issues. of course, president trump says that all these people are great people, that some of re treated unfairly, but the media is too harsh on them some the white house narrative is they pick great people and they're picking people outside of the box. when people voted for president trump, they didn't want government offi but there are some real issues here. >> nawaz: a lot to watch there. for the momnt he's still the nominee. for the moment. >> nawaz: yamiche alcindor, lisa desjardins, thanks. >> nawaz: in other news today, president trump praised north korean leader kim jong un, and said he hopes they'leeting "very soon." he spoke during his summit with the french president, and saidsi

ing down with kim could be a "great thing for the world". >> we're having very good discussions. kim jong un, he really has been very open and i think very honorable from everything we're seeing. now, a lot of promises have been made by north korea over the years but they've never been in this position. >> nawaz: that marked a major shift from president trump's past comments about kim jong unm e's often called "little rocket man."od in afghanistan, taliban attacks killed at least 11 more soldiers and police a wave of violence this week. separate attacks hit checkpoints in two provinces in western afghanistan, and one i eastern part of the country. this follows sunday's bo ting in kabul islamic state group that left 60ead. the suspect in the rental van rampage in toronto was charged with 10 counts of muoday. a judge ordered alex minassian held without bond. meanwhile, people gathered at

the site of the attack to lay flower as investigators steered clear of naming a motive. >> all doors are open, everything will be explored, you guys are looking at one particular aspect of investigation, there are going erto be many more layers, are a lot of judicial authorizations, there's a lot more video evidence that has to come in. >> nawaz: police did say the driver posted a cryptic message on facebook just before the attack. in previous posts, he celebrated a mass murderer who killed six people in santa barbara, california in 2014. both men raged online about rejection from women. state lawmakers in tennessee today honored the man who wrestled a rifle from a gunman at a waffle house. four people died in the attack in nashville last sunday morning, but police say it could have been much worse.y, toames shaw junior tearfully told state house metoers that he wasn't tryin be a hero when he intervened. >> i didn't do it to save people.

i did it just to save my life. so in me saving my live, i saved other lives. that's probably one of the greatest things you could do. >> nawaz: a nashville judge today revoked the $2 million dollar bond for the cused gunman, 29-year-old travis reinking. that will be considered in a hearing tomorrow. the re-trial of bill cosby, on sexual assault charges, is now in the hands of a jury in suburban philadelphia. in closing arguments today, the defense called cosby's chief accuser a "pathological liar." the prosecution said cosby drugged and asulted her. the 80-year-old comedian arrived at the courthouse this morning, joined by his wife camille for the first time. his first trial ended in a hung jury. former president george h. w. bush is said to be responding and recovering from an infection that spread to his blood. a spokesman said today the 93- year-old mr. bush remains at a houston hospital.

he was admitted sunday morning, a day after attending his wife barbara's funeral. on wall street today, a sell-off in the industrial and technology sectors se stocks plunging. the dow jones industrial average plummeted 424 points to close a0 . the nasdaq fell 121 points, and the s&p 500 dropped more than 35. and, a pioneering british suffragist, millicenett, is now the first woman to have her statue erected outside parliament. school kids unveiled the monument to fawcett, who helped drive the campaign for voting rights for british women, starting i1918. prime minister theresa may spoke at the ceremony, praisinra fawcett as ablazer. >> history has many authors.n our own small way we each help to shape the world in which we live, but few of us can claim to have made an impact that is so

significant and lasting as dame millicent and it is right and proper that today she takes her place at the heart of our democracy. >> nawaz: fawcett's statue now joins those of 11 men in parliament square, including those of nelson mandela and winston churchill. still to come on the newshour: new details and new doubts abour presidenp's pick to head veterans affairs. i sit down with white hous legislative director marc short. the uncertain path home for hundreds of thousands of rohingya refugees, and much more. on nawaz: as we reported earlier, ronny jac pathway for all that i'm joined by white house director of legislative affairs marc short. oranks for being here. >> amna, thanksaving me.

>> nawaz: let me ask you about what the president said today. he suggested that mr. jackson potentially dr out from this nomination because of ugly allegations that have been coming up. why didn't any ofhose allegations come up during the white house vetting of mr. jackson? >> well, a couple answers to your question there. one is the president did say he would certainly understand, but he also said i'm going to stand behind him. i think thn at dr. jacks every opportunity now to make sure that those accusations are proven to be false. dr. jackson is a great story, t small-toas kid, goes off to medical school, volunteers to serve our country land rises the way up to admiral, has treated soldiers, men and womenn ombat. he's served multiple presidents, republicans and democrats. he's a great pick for this role. and we look forward to him having his day in front of the american people make his case. on the vetting process, keep in mind, to become admiral and to work in the white house, there's plenty of background chec that happen all the time. ch this case, there is also an f.b.i. backgrounk that happens before the nomination is

sent forward. amne of the accusations c forward on this. additionally, there's also a financial element with the government ethics. it's the office of government ethics that's set up to do financial de-conflicting that t happens befo nomination is forwarded. so in all of that there were no red flags raised. a couple people have come rward who have raised some accusations to the ranking member of veterans irs that we think are false and we think that admire jackson will do a great job. >> nawaz: so none of these allegations have come up in previous veting at the white house. so are you urginge the white ho make a decision quickly? >> i think he's still looking forward to his opportunity. i think thet quesion came from senator isaacson and senator tester. they wanted more opportunity to review late-arriving information. that's the reason for their delay. >> nawaz: and if there is any concern either from you or anyone else at the white househe thatonger this decision-making process goes on, the v. a. doesn't have a leader.

>> well, we do have an acting secretary in robert wilkey. he's worked at the pentagon before he proved over, but, of course we're anxious to get dr. jackson over there. >> nawaz: can i ask you about another confirmation heari f gina haspel that's coming up, the white house nominee for c.i.a. director. recently more than 100 former military officials have comed forw protest her nomination. what's your response to that? >> ginhaspel isnother good nominee. she served 33 years in the c.i.a., a fevoted careerm. he's not a political appointee. she's a devoted official stationed in the most dangerous places across the world. her confirmation has beenoh endorsed by brennan and multiple others who served in decrat administrations fro clinton to obama. she's someone who has an incredible record. we look foward to being to talk to her more declassified documents will come forward to show the leadership she's had. >> nawaz: at the same time, the basiof those protests was

on her involvement in interrogation politics, and ere have been some republican senators who have expressed concern, as well, senator collins. senator mccain has said the torture of detainees in u.s. custody during the last decade is one of the darkest chapters in american history and said ms. haspel needsato explain >> she was not a participant in enhanced interrogations. what she did at that time was fully in compance with the law. that's been supported by even democrat officials in the department of justice and c.i.a. who said everything she did was in compliance with >> nawaz: it was in compliance with the law, buteclassified c.i.a. memos tha she was absolved for responsibility because she was followingde , but in confirmation hearings, it's about your ethical character and your moral erme pus. does that openup to questions on whether or not she would act unethicallif she were asked to do so?

>> she served 33 years selflessly all across the globeh unfortunatelt's happened today is that the nominations process is incredibly partisan.t we just saw t in committee vote for director pompeo, who we hope gets confirmed as secretary of state later this week. throughout the process democrats say, i know state department needs you. i kngr you havat credentials and graduated number one in your class at west oint, graduating with honors from harvard law school, the jobu' done at c.i.a., but i can't vote for you. the ratonale is tt they're under so much pressure from the bernie sandinista crowd that they're being hell hostage. it's no longer -- it's become entirely partisan. >> nawaz: even with the pompeo vote, it took senator trump intervening to get senator paul the chans vote. >> keep in mind there were 49 ouof 50 republicans who were supportive and now we have 50 of 50 republicans supporve. i do think the politicisation

has been more on the left>> awaz: something else related to the haspel nomination because part of that includes alwaterboarding of alkhan -- al qaeda suspects president trump floated the idea bringing backwaterboarding is. that something we might see in the white house? >> i think is white house and ms. haspel will comply with the law. i thinll see us continue to abide by the law. >> nawaz: let me ask you now about the syria strikes. earlier this month 88 members of congress sent a letter to president trump reminding him that legally he needs to seek their permsion before launching u.s. military strikes. he didn't have that permission, so what is the white legal basis for the strikes in syria? >> the war powers act provides the president the ability to make sure the national interest of the united states, he has the ability to conduct these strikes inch this case, if you have rogue nations that are basically using chemical weapons in areas where we're fighting a war

against isis, we think it's i america's interest to defend ourselves. >> nawaz: so if the president didn't get authorization for congress before launching the strikes in syria, does he still have authorizion? es he need authorization before launching strikes in north korea, iran? >> nawaz: it would depend upon the circumstances. keep in mind some of the same people that signed that letter were supportive of resident obama striking libya. so they didn't bring that to coress some much of this print -- politicized. you.awaz: marc short, white thak >> nawaz: as we reported earlier, ronny jackson's pathway to confirmation as head of the veterans affairs department,cl remains all bur. we take a deeper look now at the agency and the problems it'sng faith lisa rein of the

"washington post." lisa rein, thanks for be g we talked a lot about the people in charge or potentially in charge of the veterans affairs department. tell me what they would be in charge of. give me a sense of the department, s scope, its siz, and what they're facing right now. >> so it's the federal government's second largest agency. o pentagon is bigger. it is really unique to the government. its mission, of course, emis aced by so many americans caring for veterans. but it has a sprawling healthcare system of about 1,30n medical cls and hospitals, massive benefit system that is now plagued by baclogs in people who are veterans seeking appeals of their denials of claims, and a smaller cemetery systemonhat is respble for, you know, burying millions of and the agency is always in some sort ofdascan it has lost two secretaries

since 2014, most recently david shulkin, who left, who was fired by president tru in the end of march. >> nawaz: so let's talk about the current nominee right now. i'm curious kcause you taled to people inside the department, veterans groups who work closely with them. when ronny jackson's name was first announced, what he response? how did people view him? >> so the response from the veterans community is we've never heard of this guy, and so there are various stake holders whhave very passionate goals for where veterans care should be going, and the concern was, hmm, ronny jackson, i don't know ere he stands on the issues that are important to us. this was what the lge veterans groups like the american legion and the veterans of fgn wars were saying. and then you had conservative groups who were saying, hmm, we don't know where he stands on our issues. so it was just who is ronny jackson? the la h we knew was thate was

fawning over the president's health after his annual physal, but no one had any idea and still doesn't really where he stands on the key issues that are facing this agency right now. >> nawaz: privatizing healcare is one of them, as you mentioned. that was part of the reason, right, that david shulkin wa forced out. he clashed with the white house on that issue. >> that's right. i say that's actually ths biggest ue that is facing v. a. right now. so v. a. has hisorically been a very apolitical agency. it still is of course art bian agency, and every nominee to run the agency to be secrets been approved by the senate 100-0. that was the case with dr. shulkin. but here it's become very politicizein the trump era, partly because the trump administration wan to reform what they consider to be problems with, you know, employees who are involved in misconduct. they want them to be fired faster. they want more transparency.

in terms of h mrics on how long veterans inside the system have the wait for appoinents. the biggest issue, though, is how much the v. a. should be outsourcing medical care to the private ser. >> nawaz: knowing that outsourcing that healthcare seems to be a priority for this administration, is it fair to say that any nominee that they put rward would be in support of that, and what would that do to the v. a.? >> i think any nominee from this administration, yes, is going ta to support more private care. the problem, though, is in the sena, you have democrats and you have moderate republicans, including johnnie isaacson, the head of the... the republican head of the veterans affairs committee who are not advocating no private care. they see a much more moderate approach because they bereave if you have more docto from outside the system who are getting paid, you're sort ofo siphoning reces from v. a. and that's a huge debate that has become, you know, just

hugely political. so what happens is trump may nominate someone who is in favor of more private care, but that nominee has to walk a very fine ne between, you know, supporting the president and also supporting the huge veterans organizations that still have political clout in congress who are wary of more private care. >> nawaz: lisa rein, thank you so much for your time. >> thank you. >> nawaz: last august, hundreds of thousands of rohingya muslims fled their native myanmar for neighboring bangladesh, joining tens of ousands already seeking refuge. they escaped a campaign of muer, repression and rape myanmar's military, and militant buddhist monks. now, they await the political deal to allow a return to their homeland, in myanmar's rakhine state. but will it happen? tonight, from cox's bazaar, bangladesh, and in partnership with the pulitzer center on

crisis reporting, special correspondent tanirashid, and videographer phillip caller, bring us the first of three reports. and a warning, images and accounts in this story will disturb many viewers. >> reporter: these rohingya refugees came out to show how tired they are of living inai uncey. it's been seven months since they fled for their lives from myanmar into bangladesh. they are fed uouand have come to protest for their safe return to myanmar. >> (translated ): everyone stand in a circle. come join the protest.d you ster there.ac before we go bto rakhine state, we demand to be recognized as myanmar citizen. >> reporter: it's rare to see protests like this: with many camp leaders fearing backlash from the bangladeshi authities. >> ( translated ): we want just mothers who have been raped. we want justice! >> reporter: salahuddin is ahe school teacherled rakhine

state with his family six months ago after his village was attacked. >> ( translated ): it is our country, and we have bfon living thermore than a 1,000 years. and after years of slow genocide, we were finallforced to flee.r: >> reportelose to 700,000 rohingyas fled into bangladesh from rakhine state to espape a bloody cn of murder and rape by the myanmar military and buddhist vigilantes that followed attacks by muslim rohingya militants. >> ( translated ): we don't want to stay here longer, ts is not our country, our country is rakhine and we want to go back, but before we return, must get our rights. >> reporter: now more than 1.2 million rohingya live in the world's largest refugee camp in cramped and squalid conditions on the edge of cox's bazar. the repatriation was meant begio two monthsfter a deal between myanmar and bangladesh and the bangladeshi government is keen to speed things up. t

as they fe upcoming monsoon season could devastate the camps. abul kalam, bangladesh's refugee relief and rehabilitation commissioner, is responsible for coordinating the repatriation. repatriation will happe assed on the agreement on two governments lateyear. as we are dog our part they are doing their part >> reporter: but he couldn't say t.when it will actually st >> difficult to mention a time but we hope it will begin sooner or later. >> reporter: rectly myanmar's social welfare minister win myat aye visited the kutupalong refugee camps. he told a group of new arrivals that he wants to start the repatriation process as soon as possible if the returnees agree to be registered as bangladesh migrants, a term the rohingyas

reject. they want to be recognized as citizens of myanmar before the repatriations starts. his visit sparked protests when demonstrators tried to block his motorcade entering the camp. this was the first visit by a myanmar minister to the camps since the crackdown last year. although talks on the repatriation are continuingmy betweemar and bangladesh, the rohingya refugees themselves do not have any sort of formal representative mohi bolluah, a community used to have a well paid job as school teacher in myanmar. ngw he lives in the kutupa camp where he organizes meetings with block leaders and activhets to discussatest updates on the repatriation. he's also been gatheringid ce on the number of people rapd, killed, and property damage.n so we rohingyas fled myanmar, they carried whatever valuables they could f their backs, but what mohib bullah, a community leader in

the kutupalong camp is telling me, is that he collected all these documents to discredit the myanmar authority's claims that they are illegal immigdents from bang. the rohingya community have drawn up 13 demands that they want to be met bef re they agree urn. >>translated ): for the repatriations to go ahead, first thing we need u.n. peacekeepers to come with us as the myanmar secondly, the myanmar government must give us ck our citizenship rights. we are not asking for a new nationality, we have thousands of proofs that we used to have myanmar nationality, e myanmar government must compensate us for everything we lost. e, cultivated our land and built our homes with lovith our own hands. so we must be allowed go back to our own homes and villages. orter: but the prospects of rohingyas returning back to their villages and homes issi looking incrly unlikely. vie myanmar military is bulldozing rohingyages to

make way for more military bases, helipads, fences andac roadrding to satellite images released by rights groups. and the myanr government is tting up temporary repatriation housing camps in rakhine state that human rights watch has condemned as open air prisons. all of this makes the prospect of return less andess likely. in the meantime, bangladesh has been submitting lists of rohingya they say ve agreed to be repatriated. to get aid handouts, every refugee is fingerprinted and photogphed by the bangladeshi authorities and issued with an i.d. card. as more refugees continue to arrive, this database is regularly updated wi the help of local camp leaders. it is also being used to draw up the names for repatriation. many in the camp worry they wila bed on a list and forced to return. camp leaders like pharmacist mohammad yusuf was killed after being suspected of putting people's names on the repatriation list. he left behind his wife jamila khatun. what happened the night your

husband was murdered? >> ( translated ): a group of around 20 masked men with guns came looking for him. >> reporter: the gunmen force their way into the house, easily overpowering jamila. >> ( translated ): one of themhi pointegun at my husband ready to shoot. thtried to grab the gun, but he fired. bullet passed between my fingers and hit my husband in the forehead. as he was shot my husband shouted "oh allah," thy shot him again in the mouth and he fell to the ground. >> reporter: who do you think diit? >> ( translated ): they are arsa from myanmar, they kill educated people and people they think are close tohe myanmar government. >> reporter: arsa ishe islamist militant group hasponsible for last years attacks in myanmarsparked the bloody counter insurgency clamp down. who did they say they were when they came to your house? >): my husband asked them "what you want, why are you doing this to me?" they said, "why did you make a list of people for the repatriation for the bangladesh army?"

but actually the list was not for the purposof repatriation. camp leaders made lists in every camp. >> reporter: but the future looks bleak. the two countries are yet to reh a deal on the repatriation. at this stage its looking increasingly unlikely that the rohingya will go home anytime soon. for the pbs newshour, i'm tania rashid in balukhali camp, bangladesh. >> nawaz: tomorrow, tania will report on the epidemic of forced child marriage among the rohingya. >> nawaz: now, a historic transplant for a soldier who wai injured in afgan and one that could potentially transform his life in importan. jeffrey brown speaks with a key member of the team behind the surgery about its potential impact.a te for some viewers: our conversation is focused on sensitive issues involving the

male anatomy. >> brown: they are horrific physical injuries that affect self-esteem and identity and are rarely eveeediscussed. be2001 and 2013, more thanng 1,300 men fighn iraq and afghanistan suffered devastating injuries to the genitals from bomb blasts. today, surgeons at the johns hopkins school of medicine in baltimore announced the most complex transplant to date, of a penis, scrotum and part of the abdominal wall, from a deceased donor to a wounded soldier who has chosen tremain anonymous. the surgery was performed in rch and involved 11 surgeons. one of them, dr. richard redett, joins us now. idlcome to you. doctor, first, whyou and your team feel this was important to do? >> well, you know, we met ourr patient e first time about five years ago, and we evaluated him and examined him. we realized that the losses of s tissue was vergnificant. it involved part of his abdominal wall, his entire peni d his scroam scrotum, and he

had other neighboring injuries that made conventionallm reconstructiont impossible for him. at the same time we started doing a penis transplant, we had a great candidate, a great person, and itsense. >> nawaz: these types of tr before, but what made this one unique? >> there have been three prior penis transplants we know about, two in south africa, one in boston, and those were partial th complete penis transplants, but what makes so unique is it involves the entire penis, the scroas um d part of his abdominal wall. when these soldiers sustain ese type of injuries, they get a big blast to the pelvis and lose a lot offish tewsm we were able to replace exactly what he had least with the nated tissue. >> brown: iad was reing connecting artery, veins, nerves. he's expected to be released from the hospital later this

spek. is the al of a return to urinary and sexual function? >> we are confident that he will be able to urinate like a person would and resume normal sexual function eventually. >> brown: what is his status now? >> he's inalhe hosp he's doing well. he's up walking. we're monitoring him for signs i ection or rejection, none of which he has. we're sorting out his medications that he'll tak for his immune suppression. he's in good sports. >> brown: you mentioned immune suppression. that's a big issue, whether the body would reject the transplant? >> correct. >> brown: that means he'll have to go throughherapy for along time, which goes to ethical issues raised here. >> right. five years ago, one of the common questions we would get is: how can you consider doing a penis a transpla placing a young man on immune know supression, butntil you meet one of these guys, and you

realize what they've given to their country, what they've lost, it doesn't make sense, but when you meet them and sit downi them and talk with them, it all makes sense. you know it's the right thing to do. one of the things we've done here is when we procured a graft from the donor, we also te the very teen ral column, the bones that make up the spine. t extract bone marrow and stem cells and infut into our patient about two weeks after surgery. that allows us to redce pretty significantly the amount ofes immunosuon that he'll be on for the rest of his life. it's our plan to send him homeon nohree medications but only on one medication. >> brown: i gather that otherti qus, ethical questions came up about the cost, about the necessity of somelithine this. the hospital covered the cost in this case. how far ahead are you and your colleagues thinking about this kind of procedure, how routine it might become one day? >> well, younk know, i thhe

thing that holds us back right now is the immunosupression. and i think as we dore of these and we're seeing this with hand transplants and face transplants, it will become more acceptable and considered less experimental and a little more mainstream: >> brond the donor was not identified nor was his cause of death, bu t family issued a statementn praise and saying in his honor of what happened. t?plain what you know of th >> i think the family has some military connections, and when they heard weere doing this on a soldier that gave so much for his country, i think it was aa littleer for them to do it. because there haven't been many penis transplants ne in the united states, it's a difficult ask when you approach the donor family.ro >>: and more than 1,00 men in various cases like this -- 1,300 men. can you see widprocedures? >> i can.

i can see doing more of these in wounded warriors, servicemen that have been injured overseas. but eventually we'll expand to include people with other conditions, as well. the bostupon gid it on a patient that had removal of his penis for cancer. a lot of men with significant birtdefects may benefit. as we get more experienced we'll expand. >> brown: dr. richard redett of the johns hopkins school of medicine, than>>you very much. hank you. >> nawaz: facebook remains at the center of attention rightce now over cs about data privacy and sharing. it's also been hit repeatedly for how it determines which content should be taken down off the platform; what's been allowed to stay up, and whether hateful content may have been used to incite violence against groups or people. today, facebook disclosed for the first time how it makes

those decisions. we've spt quite a bit of time exploring some of these concerns. tonight, john yang zeroes inn some of the specific challenges facing students, educators and schools. it's the focus of our weekly segment, "making the grade." >> yang: amna, facebook listed dozens of topics that could lead to posts being taken down and users nned. they include: hateful speech, graphic violence and terrorist exopaganda; child nudity, sexual violence and sexuaoitation of children; depictions of crime as well as sales of firearms and drugs; and intentional or targeted bullying and harassment. facebook acknowledges that context matters, and that somest may not be clear cut. the company will create a new appeals process for challenging its decisions. all of this comes as schools wrestle with how they use facebook and what data is shared. arn herold is covers education technology for ourers, "education week." he joins us now from philadelphia.

ben, thanks for being with us. let me ask first aboin these guid that facebook announced today. do these -- how do these help schools and students? >> well, john, many of the problems and chalenges you listed are things that schools have been dealing with forer years, whet's shooting threats or cyber bull racist speech, hate speech. all of these social media challenges have been an issue for schools for some tie. i think anything that a bige platform lcebook can do to make its criteria for flagging and removing content clear and for making the process by whic you report that content in order to get it down will be seen as a win by schools. >> nawaz:>> yang: let's turn toe her issue about data mining and which data is vulnerable. first, how do schools these days use facebook? >> i think schools imany w are just like the rest of us. they view facebook as an essential part of modern life. it's a communications tool. they want to share good news

about the student month. or who won the big game, or if they have a crisis or tragedy and they need to get information to the public, the turn to facebook to do it. i think what the recent scandals s surroundinrs facebook have done is started to raise a bigger question. facebook is very interested in having this conversation focused on how we use facebook, buwhat we're starting to see is privacy advocates here in the u.s. and oregulators in other parthe world starting to flip that and and say, how is facebook using us, what kinds of data are they collecti from us, who are they sharing that information with,is and hoit being used? >> yang: and to that point, i know one research group, the national education policy center, deleted its faceanbook accounis urging schools to do the same. how likely is that to happen? >> we have not seen a big rush to dete accounts. again, i think facebook is seen as an integral, necessary tool by my schools and many users.

privacy advocates suggest schools take bas ic stepd precaution, review their settings and privacy policies and try not toa mandate students use facebook to share homework or participate in an online class discussion.i and, you knowink that it raises a bigger question and bigger challenge around the deal we all make with not facebook but other technology platforms that are such a big part of our life now, where basically the deal is they provide us with eee onlin services that millions of people put a tremendous amount of valuon. in exchange, we give them a tremendous amount of personal information. for years i think people have distrusted the process that was in plates, that that would ceppen and it would be okay. some of the nt scandals and issues and challenges that have made headlines have started to make schools and others say, hey, maybe we need to actually reckon with this original deal and say, is this worthwhile?t' >> yang: ben,not just schools worrying thaishts data being exposed, but it's als students' data being exposed. how does that affect how schools

are approaching this? >> that's right. i think there are millions of teenage users or facebook, and for most part the company treats them in the same way that treats adults, particularly when it comes to the types of data it collects fm them that. can include everything that a student uploads fomebook to photos and posts and updates, evything they like, egg ty click on. facebook also knows what kind of phone you're using and when you're using it. it can collect location data showing where you are and what kind of cell phone towers and what kind of wifi acess points are nearby. they can track our browsing history in many case, not only for facebook users, but for people who don't log into facebook or don't have ace ok account at all. so there is a growing push within schools to try and do what they can to make sdents aware not just of their own practices, being good digital citizens and trying to be responsible with what ey post to social media but understanding this broader context in which data is collected and shared and used for all manner of purposes by

all kinds of parties in ways that are often visible to us. i think the more both educateors and students and parents can understand that, t better off they'll be. >> nawaz: ben herold of education week, thanks for joining us. >> thanks for having me. >> nawaz: and speaking of all these facebook developments, tomorrow miles on rien will bea special series on the serious problems of false news and he'll start with an inside look from faceboe itself, and oblems of stopping it. >> nawaz: when a family from indiana created annstagram account for their bunny, few could have imagined its popularity would lead to writing a childr's book, or that the book "marlon bundo's a day in the life of the ce president" would cause a cultural stir. but that's exactly what happened from the collaboration of the vice president's wife, karen pence and daughter, charlott judy woodruff recently sat down

with them d began by asking charlotte about how they got started. >> it really all started with mavon. when we d to d.c., we got an instagram page for him after he got kind of popular in the press because they kind of liked that we had aunny, a we wanted to do a children's book. so i thou, ght, you know would be really cool to have my mom illustrate it, but also for itan to b educational book that teaches kids and parents and educatorabout the role of the vice president. >> woodruff: is that how you envisioned this, mrs.>>ence? hat's how it started. i always knew charlotte would be an athunderstorm been a storyteller since she could talk. so to be able to collaborate on r very first published book was really a privilege.o >> woodruff:is was all about bidding up your husband's profile, teaching people abo the role of the vice president. >> the role of a vice president. >> w actually talk about other vice presidents, too. we have a little bit in there about the bidens.

>> woodruff: the book is about following your father to the white house and following him d throughout h. how often does marlon do that? >> well, it's a ittle bit fictionalized. he hasn't actually been to a couple of the place, buth has been to the eisenhower executive lofice building where mar goes with my dad in the book some he has been there for an event with military families. but he has not been all over the white house yet. >> woodruff: as understand it, he's your bunny,. >> right. woodruff: but you're in california. so you left him inus thetody of your parents? >> he was with me in college for four years, and when iroved, we had him stay in d.c. since he's the botus, so he has official duties in d.c. >> woodruff: as both of you know, there is already another book out there by the comedian john oliver about another bub named marlon bundo, but this bunny has a life of its own.

leats let's hear a clip of john oliver. >> our story isbout marlon bonn doe falling in love with another y rabbit because marlon bundo is guy. >> how did you take joh oliver trolling your father as looking at your father's ew for guy rights? >> i saw it that we have twogi bunny bookng money to charity. i am proud of the book we put out. it's eduational. eat fun. it's supposed to be for everybody. and, you know, our books e also giving a portion of the proceeds the charity. >> woodruff: do you share your dad's views? >> i'm not going to talk about my political views, but we have animated debates in our house and we all have our own opinion, bui think it's important to kind of come together and i think that our book really brings people together. >> woodruff: mrs. pence, you have said you want to direct the proceeds of the book to art thuapy, which is something have spent a lot of time doing.

tell us about that? >> well, i cse organizations where i'm on the board. eracy's kids is for children with canand they're the ones who first exposed me to what art therapy is in 26. and the other one is riley children's hospital in indianapolis, and they have an art therapy program there, as well. >> woodruff: charlotte, you directedded the proceeds to human trafficking. why did you choose that area >> a lot of people don't necessarily realize it's also a big problem in the united ates. so they do a lot of awesome work to reach out to those people. >> woodruff: mrs. pence, one the other causes you have been interested in has to do with militarfamilies. of course, your own son, charlotte's brother michael is in the marines. >> uh-huhdr >> wf: i think you said in an interview, you said from observing his wife, sa your daughter-in-law, you have learned more about what military families are going through. can you expand on that? >> my office is doing a lot of resear right now working wit

some other agencies to see how we can help military spouses and families. it's a difficult life. and so we're looking to see if there are things we can bring awareness to that maybe can help their plight a little bit. >> woodruff: your son is an active marine right now at a time when thited states is involved in figuring out its role in a numer of conflicts around the world. how does that affect your life? >> you know, it'nts eresting, whn people went into the marines, it just seemed the right ing to me. this is where he's supposed to be. i see these members of the military, and it seems like it's calling. and he absolutely loves being marine. >> woodruff: i do want to come back to the book, because it describes a pical day in the life of the bunny of the united states, botu and yet we're in the middle of a presidency that's anytng but typical. it's not even comparable to the time you were in washington when your husband was serving in

congress, is it? >> when you're in politics, this is part of it. i mean, you know, charlotte and i were joking earlier, we said, this really is the day in the life of a vice president. you alwa have conflicts wh you go back in history. so i think that's part of it we like to say that's what freedom looks like, when people have a chance to disagree and youet both sides talking. so i think that's a good thi about a demcracy. >> woodruff: charlotte, do you see this experience as being vice president and second lady of the united states change your parents in some way?u what do e about them? >> for us it's always been -- this is my db 's or my mom's role. it's not -i meawe're the same as we were before and we'll be the same aft'rer. a very close, tight-knit family. i think we've all gotten a lot closer through this. >> woodruff: mrs. karen pence,y second l the united states, charlotte pence, author of the book "marlon bundo's a

day in the life of the vice president." thank you very much f copping in. >> thanks, judy. >> nawaz: and that's the newshour for tight. i'm amna nawaz. join us online and again here tomorrow evening. for all of us at the pbs newshour, thank you and see you soon. >> ajor funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by: >> babbel. >> the ford foundation. working with visionaries on the frontlines of social change worlide. >> carnegie corporation of new york. pporting innovations in education, democratic engagement, and the advancement of international peace and security.

at carnegie.org. >> and with the ongoing supptit of these itions and individuals. >> this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting. and by contributionsioo your pbs stfrom viewers like you. thank you. captioning sponsored by newshour productions, llc d captio gmedia access group at wgbh access.wgbh.

pbs digital. elyse: we're the history detectives, and we're going to investigate some untold stories from america's past. wes: this week... [ camera shutter clicking ]is di camera save a jewish photographer from almost certain death? gwendolyn: does this mysshrious letter ed light on the birth of one of the wontd's most sig self-help organizations? tukufu: and was this cross carried byhe spanish conquistadors or made by long-ago native-american craftsmen? elvis costello: ♪ watchin' the detectiv ♪ i get so angry when the teardrops start ♪ ♪ but he can't be wounded 'cause he's got no heart ♪