captioning sponsored by newshour productions, llc >> woodruff: good evening. shm judy woodruff. on the newr tonight: a meeting for the record books, ov north korea's leader kim jong-un steps the border into south korea to meet his counterpart. and, it's friday. besides the korean summit, two european leaders came to washington, and president trump's pick to run the veterans administration withdraws. mark shields and mona charen analyze the ek's news. finally reckoning with history. a new monument grapples with one of the darkest chapters of this country's past. >> most of us have no understanding about the legacy of slavery. we have no understanding about the era of lynching. >> woodruff: all that and more, on tonight's pbs newshour.

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>>uff: north meets south: umaders of the two koreas hold a dramatict. their meeting along the heavily- fortified border marked y day of diplomter months of war talk. it was-- qte literally-- an historic step. kim jong-un became the first an leader to set foot in snth korea since the korea war, 65 years ago. he greeted president moon jae-in hth a long handshake before inviting to step onto north korean soil. the official talks at the peace house in panmunjom focused heavily on north korea's nuclear weapons program. afterward, president moon offered hopeful words, b few specifics. >> ( translated ): today, chairman kim jong-un and i confirmed that our shared goal is to d the korean peninsula of nuclear weapons through complete denuclearization.

>> woodruff: the two soreas have mailar statements in the past, but kim said this time must be different. >> ( translated ): today, we will make sure that the agreement we have reached, which the people of the korean peninsula and the world are watching, does not rep unfortunate history of unfulfilled promises. af woodruff: all of this comes r the north carried out a series of nuclear and missile tests, and after bellicose exchanges between kim and president trump raised war jitters. in january, the north korea e ader unexpectedly signaled thats open to dialogue. this month, he announced pyongyang will shut down its nuclear test site, and suspend nuclear and missile testing. today, a newfound friendliness was on full display, punctuated by easy smiles, frequent handshakes and en laughter. the leaders planted a tr near

the demarcation line, using soil and water from both countries. >> ( translated ): standing face-to-face, i heartwarmingly realize that north and south korea are not just neighbors that live separately, but rather a family. we, who live so close by, are not enemies that must fight against each other, but are more families that share the same bloodline, who must unite. >> woodruff: kim andoon concluded by signing a joint agreement and calling for a peace treatyo formally end the korean war. ( applause ) the koreas have held two previous summits, the last one in 2007, when kim jong-un's father, kim jong-il, and south korean president rohoo-hyun met in pyongyang. after today's meeting, people in seoul sounded hopeful, but cautious. >> ( translated ): i am optimistic about the result of wae summit and wish for this to bring thto an end. >> ( translated ): seeing the two leaders meet, it feels as if the unification already took

place. but i am also worried, and suspect that we may be deceived by north korea. >> woodruff: the koreas summit was welcomed by china and russia. in tokyojapanese prime minister shinzo abe talked hopefully, while calling again for answers about the fate of japanese abducted by north korea decades ago. president trump plans s own meeting with kim, in late may or early june, and he sounded upbeat today. >> i don't think he's playing. it's never gone like this. it's never gone this f. i don't think it's ever had this enthusiasm for them wanting to make a deal. we're not going to be played, okay? we're going to hopefully make a deal, but if we dot that's fine. >> woodruff: it remains unclear if kim is willing to give up h nuclear program entirely. but in brussels today, newly sworn-in u.s. cretary of state mike pompeo insisted that has to ai the final result. >> our objective r unchanged.

we're committed to permanent, verifiable, irreversible dismantling of north korea's weapons of mass destruction programs without delay. until then, the global maximum pressure campaign will continue. >> woodruff: kim jong-un is now back in north korea, with the yoomise that president moon will visit him inyang, this l ll. we wamine just how significant today's summit was, after the news summa o. in the dayer news, president trump leveled a new warning at iran. it came as he weighs whether to withdraw from the multi-nation nuclear agreement with iran next month. mr. trump discussed the issue with the visiting german chancellor angela merkel. afterward, he was asked if he woulever order a military strike on iran, to destroy a nuclear weapons program. >> i don't talk about whether or prt i would use military force. it's not appte to be talking about. bt i can tell you this, they will ndoing nuclear weapons. that i can tell you, okay? they are not going to be doing nuclear weapons.

you can bank on it. >> woodruff: iran has said that its program is for peaceful purposes only, and has warned the u.s. not to try to change the nuclear deal. merkel said today there is room for improvement in the agreement, but she asserted that it has helped contain iran's nuclear ambitions and influence. bee leaders of china and india n their own two-day summit today, seeking to ease strained ties. china's president xi jinng odeeted india's prime minister narendraat a lakeside resort in central china. xi called for greater cooperation. the world's two most populous nations are competing for tafluence across asia, and have longing border disputes. in the middle east, violence erupted again at gaza's border path israel, with three stinians killed and scores wounded. thousands of gazans protested for the fifth friday iw, some burning tires and slinging stones. hzens tried to break thro

the border fence, and israeli troops answered with tear gas and live fire. back in this country, the man accused of being the "golden state killer" was arraigned on two counts of murder former police officer joseph deangelo appeared in court in sacramento. he is suspected in 13 killings and near 50 rapes during the 1970s and '80s. investigators say they finally cracked the case by using a genealogy website to match d.n.a. raachers in arizona and co stayed off the job again today, keeping scores of schools clos. in phoenix, tens of thousands of striking teachers rallr a second day in near 100-degree heat. they are demanding pay raises and more. meanwhile, thousands of colorado teachers gathered near the state capitol in denver, after walking out of class in protest. r uproar swept the u.s. house resentatives today over the ouster of reverend patrick

conroy as house chaplain. sirlier this month, speaker paul ryan asked him to , and ryan told fellow republicans meat the catholic priest was not meetiners' needs. that set off arguments between the two parties. >> there were some questions about responsiveness, and it just seemed like it was time for a change. that's something i think is appropriate, within the speaker's power to make. >> pat's a good friend, someone whom i've had great conversations with on the floor of the house. i've seen him have those me relationships and those conversations with both sides of the aisle, men and women on th sides. he's a beloved person on the house floor. >> woodruff: democrats said conroy's prayer before the vot on the republican tax bill was he real reason for his firing. in iappealed for fairness for all. ryan's office today said there was no one prayer that led to the decision, and he believes it is in the best interest of the

house. another member of the house of representatives has resigned over sexual harassment allegations. pennsylvania republican patrick meehan stepped down today. he had already decided not to seek re-election. meehan has acknowledged using taxpayer funds to settle a former aide's harassment claim. former nbc news anchor tom brokaw is denying that he groped and tried to kiss a former co-worker. pe published accounts, linda vester says it hd twice, in the 1990s. a second woman makes similar claims. brokaw says it never happened, and calls vester someone "with limited success" in her career "who has trouble with the truth." he's now 78, and remains a onecial correspondent for nbc. he russia investigation, a federal judge today rejected paul manafort's lawsuit challenging the special rtunsel's authority. manas president trump's former campaign manager. he faces charges unrelated to

russian election meddling or alleged collusion th the trump campaign. meanwhile, the u.s. housll inence committee formally reported that it found no collusion. democrats rejected that finding. the president said he was "very honored." wall street had a mostly flat friday. the dow jones industrial average lost 11 points to close at 24,311. the nasdaq rose one point, and the s&p 500 added three. week, all three indexes dropped a fraction of a percent. and, the newest membere british royal family has a name. the duke and duchessnof cambridge ced today their newborn son will be louis arthur charles windsor. it pays tribute to the baby's grandfather, prince charles, and to charles' great-uncle, louis mountbatten. still to come on the newshour: the historic meeting between north and south korean leaders. answers to some of the issues raised in our series on the

plight of rohingya refugees, and the atrocities they face in bangladesh camps. a caravan of asylum-seekers arrive at the u.s. border. and, much more. >> woodruff: now back to our top story, the summit between the leaders of north and south for more, we turn to frank rmnnuzi. he is a state department analyst, who supported the u.s. delegation for talks with north korea during the clinton administration. and, victor cha is the korea chair at the center for rategic and international studies. un served on the george w. bush national security l, and was considered by the trump white house to be ambassador to south korea, but that post remains unfilled. gentlemen, thank you both for being with us. victor cha, to you first.

to the leaders of the two koreas came togettor. was this hic? how is this different from what's happened before? >> thanks, judy. rst of all, this is the third meeting between leaders of north an south korea. the first two took place in 2000 and 2007. in terms of atmospherics and optic, this was by far the best of them, in part because this is first time the south koreans hosted, which allowed them to control the message. it was in korea earlier this week. first five news blocks were details about the summit. so the overal messaging was very good about peace on the korean peninsula. in terms of substance, it wasn't as strong as past agreements, not just the summits, but the five joint documents that exist between north and south korea going back to 1972. so overall optics was very goodu in substance maybe not as good. >> woodruff: frank jannuzi, how do you read thisg? meetin >> well, i agree with victor

anat the style was greater the substance, but in this case, i actually think thaty baying small ball, victor is the expert sports diplomacy, but by playing small ball the south koreans are aiming for a more achievable and sustainable result thanhe grandiose visions of previous summit documents. this agr does include some concrete specifics about the west sea, about lison office, about people-to-people tie, and it also meet the trump administration's bottom line with respect to complete denuclearization in exchange for peace. so i think the less-ambitious agenda may actually be more achievable. >> woodruff: what about that, victor cha? even if the language in the document is not as complete or full as it has been in the past, if it's more achievable, is that not more desirable? >> well, certainly i would agree that you have to be practical about the sorts othings, and

you have to find the common space between the two sides. ti this case i still think there are lots of quons about what denuclearization means for north and south korea and whether it means the same thing. there is a t of concern that the language being used between the two koreas in terms of denuclearization is not similar to language that north kea has signed up to in 2005 and in 1992 where they were very clear about abandoning all nuclear weapons and existing nuclear program, nor 1929 when they said they would not have uranium f enrichmeilities or reprocessing facilities in the country. the reason this is a problem is the next summit coming up is that between president trump and the north korean leader, and if there is ambiguity about whether e e u.s. and south korea on the nd and north korea on the other have different definitions of denuclearization, that is going to have an impact on the summit, and the last thing anybody wants is for the sum

between the u.s. and north korea to fail, because if the sum fail you have no more diplomacy left. >> woodruff: so frank jannuzi, that sounds li it could be a problem. >> well, of course, it will be a problem if the two sides cnot agree on what denuclearization means. but i'm more optimistic with respect to what happens if this summit between president kim and uresident trump doesn't reach any final conclsion. i don't think we're back to hostilities. i think we're back the more diplomatic efforts. there is no alternative approa but to do the hard diplomatic work to nail down what the norts repared to give up, on what kind of sequence events, wha kind of phasing, and i think for president trump, we should not expect him to b ham, out all the details. this is going to be high-level diplomacy in whickshe l the north korean leader in the eye and says, look, i want to end the north korean war. and kim jong-un needs to respon to president trump and say, i want to live on non-nuclear

korean pins last, let's make it happen. en it's up t to special itselfs to do a lot of hard work. >> woodruff: victor cha, whatat about after all, president trump did say today when he was answering toestions from reporters saying, look, we're gory make something happen, but if they're not willing to make the deal that we want, wre going to walk away? >> right. and this is why generay better to do these sorts of .egotiations before you have a summ i participated for three years as part of the u.s. negotiating team that go the last denuclear agreements with north korea. what you want, as frank said, for grunt like meand frank to all up our sleeves and do these negotiations fong period of time with a summit promise at the end as sort of the action event that will take us over the goal line. we're doing it very differently when president trump agreed, surprisi everybody, agreed that he would meet with kim jong-un before there has been any substantive prenegotiation or negotiation taking place.

so as a result of this interkorean summit, more emphasis, more expectations have been placed on the summit betweetrump and kim, because the key issue, that is the key to a t peaceaty, a peace to normalization of relations, denuclearization, this key issue still has not been clarified to any real extent as a result of the inter-korean summit. one is hopeful that't will happen in the trump-kim summit, but of course we can't be sure. >> woodruff: frank jannuzi, why do you believe the north korean leader has come to this point right now? >> three things havge ched, judy. one is that we have a south korean leader from the progressive side who has four more years in office and who is committed to improving north-south relations. second change is that kim jong-un himself has consolidated power. there were many of us, including i think victor, who thought that he might not be achievable, but he's done it. he has consolidated his position and he's presented ale nar

deterrent, and the third thing is donald trump. and donald trump understands there is only one decision maker in north korea with the power to change that countrecy's dtion. it is kim jong-un. th going to the top, he has circumstance vente grunts like victor and me, but i think he may have struck upon the only formula of diplomacy that high work to try to change north s rea's trajectory. so the circumstane different, an we can hopefully expect a better outcome than the previous two summits. >> woodruff: victor cha, how much credit will president trump deserve if something positive comes out of this? >> well, i think if somethingom positive out of it, if the cirth korean leader has made a strategic on to give up all of his nuclear weapon, i think he would deserve a lot of credit, as would the north korean leader, as would the south korean leader. the problem is i think many people sll believe north korea wants to have its cake and eat it too. it wants a peace treaty, normalization, economic aid,

humanitarian assistance, but it wants to keep some semblance of their nuclear m.ogra and that is a deal i think that this president is not going to accept. >> woodruff: gentlemen, we'll leave ithere. victor cha, frank jannuzi, thank you both very much. >> thank you. >> tnk you. >> woodruff: for three nights ieis week, we brought you stabout the rohingya refugee crisis as seen from bangladesh: on theefugees' hopes for return to their homeland in myanmar; on the troubling practice of child marriage and on the horrors of the human trafficking trade. john yang brings us der look at their plight. >> yang: judy, to give us a edeper perspective, i'm jo by skye wheeler. she is a researcher in the women's rights program at human rights watch. skye, thanks so much for being

with us. s a u.n. security counc team on their way to bangladesh and myanmar. the u.n.'s ultimate goal is for the rohingya to return to myanmar, but what do the rohingya think about that? how do they feel about that? >> when my colleagues and i have asked rohingya about whether they want to return, they look at us like we're crazy, because they will have just descrbed to us the horrific abuses they suffered at the hands of the myanmar army and other security forces in their homes. b've documented more than 350 villagned. we've documented widespread and at times clearlsty matic rape of women and girls as well as some truly horrific massacres. thsituation has t changed. rohingya are still arriving. they ato still tellingries of horrific persecution, which asnou know has been going now for decades. so on the one hand, this cannot be the end of the story.

the rohingya deserve to go home. they must go home, but they must go home with safety, with dignity, and when they want to go home.t' and right now just not safe enough. the myanmar government is still persecuting these people. >> yang: our series on the rohingya was brought to us by philiporres rasheed and collier looked at some troubling issues. one was child marrige let's take a look at a clip from the piece on child marriage and we'll talk aut it on the other side. >> reporter: this girl was married at 12 to a 30-year-old man who promised t support he and her four sisters after her father fell ill and was unable to work. but a few weeks after the wedding, heco dvered the truth. >> ( translated ): my husband lied to me. aid he was from myanmar but actually he was from bangladesh and was already marrd to another woman with two kids. one morning he went to work as usual and didn't come back. he's been gone now for six months and hasn't contacted me

once. i think he's gone back to his other wife. on reporter: she is six mths pregnant with his child. it is illegal for bangladeshi men to marry rohingya refugee inmen, but there is little enforcemenhe camp. >> yang: the piece really made it clear there are f pressures and there are also economic pressures on this. lees that make it difficult to attack this pr >> no. there's no question that tse families are doing this because they have to do it. ofey have been put in a situatioomplete desperation, and they see very little choices, but child marriage is a very sious problem. of that case, you saw the story he girl, she's lost autonomy, she's lost control e er her own body, her own life. obably wasn't able to make that decision truly willingly, but we found in our resrch on while marriage all over the world that this is just the eginning of the problem. girls who arerried very young

oumost always have worse health omes. they often have very serious problems with giving birth urge because their bodies are not ready for it yet. aley often lose much of their education, if noof the rest of it after they get married. and they are often at risk of much higher levels of domestic violence. this is a problem all over the world. it really serious issue, and it's something that needs to be tackled. and it'like theex trafficking, which your reporter also looked at, r ofingya women and girls, it's yet another level of human rights abuses against this population who has suffered so much taready. >> yang: let's a look at the piece of that story about sex trafficking. >> reporter: this woman whose name and face we concealed to protect herdentity startd sex work to feed and protect her two children after her husband left her for another woman. >> ( translated nd): the food t is not enough. when my kids cry for rice, where

will i get it from? i'm only doing this to support my family. i feel bad doing it, but i have to survive somehow. >> reporter: she's one of four rohingya women working in this brothel. >> ( translated ): i see one, sometimes two men p day for e out 20 minutes, 15 minutes to ur. they give me $2 to $6. the men come from different backgrounds. are poor. others are rich. they're mostly rohingya. occasionally i see bangladeshi men as clients. they make me do bad things to them and make me work really hard. when i do it, i'm so ashamed, so i only take my pants off. >> yang: this is just heartb baking. what c done about this? h the stories that we heard about whpened to these bomen and girls in myanmar are also heareaking. they have been denied access to icalthcare for many years. the horritories of rape, i spoke to one woman who saw h kid's head bashed in by a he back of his

gun. another woman had to leave one child behind in a burning house because she could only manage th carrother one. these people have been through orrrors, and now they're in this us megarefugee camp facing terrible conditions, including sex trafficking. the truth of the matteris that the u.n. security council's response for this horror, the ethnic cleansing, the crimes against humanity, has been inadequate. the security council is now on laeir way to myanmar and the bash, as you mentioned, and this is a real chance for nem to hit the reset button. d to see u.n. security council sanctions against peopll responfor what has happened. we need to see an arms embargo, and we ultimate s mead to a referral to the international criminal court, so eventually there is se accountability for these horrific crimes committed against the population. >> yang: skye wheeler of human rights watch, thank you so much for being with u >> thank you.

>> wdruff: stay with us. coming up on the newshour: the korean summit, the nominee to be v.a. secretary drops out-- mark shields and mona charen take on the week's news. and, how a new monument reckons with america's history of systemic lynching. but first, over the past few days, more than 300 central americans have arrived in tijuana, mexico. on sunday, they plan to ask for asylum at the san ysidro, california port of entry. as jean guerrero of pbs station kpbs in san diego reports, the justice department has directed u.s. attorneys to "take immediate action" to send judges and prosecutorto the border to adjudicate cases quickly. >> reporter: jeimy pastora caste cradles her baby outsid the san ysidro port of entry in tijuana. she's among ndreds of central americans who plan to ask for

asylum, part of a caravan the trump administration has accused of planning to enter.s. illegally. >> ( translated ): i didn't come here to cross illegally. e came here for help, for the president to hheart, since he's a human like us and was also created by god. >> reporter: castro and most of the other migrants come from honduras, where a divisive presidential election last fall has led to killings in the streets. >> ( translated ): i've heard they don't give asylum anymore, that the u.s. isn't helping anyone. thathey're going to deport m and take my daughter away. >> reporter: the caravans are organized by a human rights collective called pueblo sin fronteras, and have occurred for more than a decade, to raise awareness about violence in central america. but this year's attracted more attention due to the trump administration's new policies. president trump said in a twee monday that he had instructed homeland security to turn them away, and yesterday, the department's secretary, kirstjen n, said officials would enforce immigration laws.

y if you enter our country illegall will be referred for prosecution. if you make a false immigration claim, you have brokll the law and e referred for proseution. if you assist or coach an individu in making a false immigration claim, you have broken the law and will be raferred for prosecution. >> reporter: immigtion lawyers are planning to offer legal advice to the migrants before their planned crossing on sunday. attorney nicole ramos says the government can't refuse them entry beuse u.s. and international law require that asylum seekers get a fair hearing. >> i think it's just a way for him to rile up americans who fear brown immigrants vading their borders, to create this image that a caravan of central americans are coming to descend upon america. >> reporter: buses of central americans have been trickling into tijuana all week, mostly famies with children. most stay at migrant shelters like juventud 2000, e coordinators take down names, ages and home countries. after weeks of traveling through

mexico, many are hungry. this little boy was given a plate to eat. reina isabel rodriguez came with her seven-year-old grandson, whom she says she adopted after a gang in el salvador kidnapd his mother. >> ( translated ): if we arrived here, it's becauseod permitted it. he gave me courage, strength to msappear from my country. >> reporteio llerena is a 26-year-old member of the caravan who says he's fleeing liolence. he dned to say what part of thntral america he's from, for fear ogangs there. llerena says he's not interested in sneaking across. >> ( translated ): a thi doesn't announce he's coming. we've announced we're coming. trump knows. or has he not been notified? >> reporter: he and others waiting to cross on sunday say they have the legal right to ask for asylum. for the pbs newshour, i'm jean guerrero in tijuana.

>> woodruff: the week in washington was consumed by talks of deals: a possible peace deal e korean peninsula, and discussions with european leaders abouthe iran nuclear deal. that brings us to the analysis of shields and charen. that is syndicated columnist mark shields, and syndicated .omnist mona charen. david brooks is aw we welcome both of you on this friday. so we've had this back drop of a cliffhanger of a relationship between north korea.tes and mark, a lot of tough language shared. but then this week we see this remarkable yesterday coming together early this morning, coming together at the border, the north and south korean lead. how do you read this, and how do you see president trump's role in it? >> i read it quite superficially, because i'm like a -- i'm in the an authoity on

korean politics. but politically it's a dramatic improvemt. just a fewonths ago we were talking about the possibility of a million people being killed on e korean peninsula in a war which people feared in some cases was only weeksy. and here we are talking about blood relativesng reachicross cie 38th parallel, reconnecting, recoiation between north and south, endingl fo 65 years of war between the two. and so you ask about president trump, you know, i thinyou have to say that while his unorthodoxy, his inflammatory rhetoric, his unpredictability has been in many cases an impediment to tughtful and positive relations, actually, here it may have worked i mean, it may be working. this is a positive development, an encouraging development. it's not the red liewtionz, but

i think this is one case where donald trump's style may have orked for positive results. >> woodrufd we'll see what happen, mona, but at this point what do you seen. well, the optics as we would put it in washington were terrific, stepping across the mrrier, both of them and so forth, aing a lot of ciomises. but i think scept, deep scepticism is in order. look, what does kim jong-un want he wants to remain in power. nuclear weapons are the key to... theye his insurnce policy. he has devoted tremendous effort and tmendous expensto obtain them. the idea that he would now wake up one morning and say, know, forget all that. i actually want to live in peace and denuclearize, and by the way, as your previous guest said, a lot of dispute about what that means to the two different parties, but we have seen over the years the north koreans, the kim family has made promises, has made overture,

have promised even to give up their quest for nuclear weapon, and they have never done it. they constantly renege. soi'm deeply sceptcal that anything has really changed except the optics. >> woodrf: so meantme, mark, the nuclear deal that exists now between an and several other countries, including the u.s., president trump keeps saying that he doesn't like it and there is every indication he's going to pull out. he's melt this week with the president of france, emmanuel macron, and just today with chancellor merkel ofermany. does it look like the president d going to go through with this deal, ow do you see the president as diplomat this week? >> well, just to respond to na's point, all of that is erue as far as the history of relations betwnorth korea and the rest of the world under four different american presidents. this is different. this raising the stakes on thef parte president himself. >> woodruff: in korea?

>> in korea. the ality is,judy, that the per capita income in north korea is $1,800, and it's $33,200 in south korea. i think there is pressure there. i'm not saying that he's going to keep his word. i'm sceptical, but all of a sudden the shoe is on the other foot. is our word reliable. >> woodruff: you're talking about iran. >> iran. are we going to keep our promise made just thrrs short y ago? are we going to pull out? right now i think you'd have to say the betting is that that's what the president is going to do as far as president macron's visit this week, i think besides the heavy necking and the light petting that we saw in public between these two grown and married men in our liberalized area, i don't think there's any

question that he absolutely dazzled. and for home consudption playing to positive reviews in paris before the congress. his message was direct and candid to the president about isolationism and its costs. >> woodruff: a direct message to the congress from e macron, moanback but it doesn't appear to have changed the president'mind when it comes to this iran nuclear deal. >> yeah. it's hard to understand the position that he should tear up the iran deal. as someone who was dopily opposed to the original deal, it just strikes me that once y've given away all the money, which is what we did. we gave them back their $100 million, we've lost all of our negotiating leverage. how is it that we'll get the iranians to give up something more when we'v already given them what they were after? it seems to me we don't have tha le we think we do with this iran deal. regarding macron, i think he di the star turn this week, he

rally did, because he managed trump, he flattered m, he got along with trump and all of that, which isn't the easiest thing to d t andn when he spoke to congress, he sounded like the leader. was talng about our obligations and our freedom and pr shouldn't retreat into nationalism anectionism. i thought it was a tar turn, and i thought he did himself a lo of good. >> i haven't heard a presidwient such command of the english language speak to congress since barack obama. >> woodruff: he did have quite a strong frenc accept. >> no freedom fries. >> woodruff: let's talk about some morest domestic qons. mona, ronny jackson had been the white house physician for three presidents. president trump a few wks ago quickly sort of abruptly beddenly announced that he was his choice the next head of the veterans administration

when his previous secretary left. now it turns out there are questions inis background, and he withdrew. what does this episode say about the president, mr. jackson, vetting at the white house? >> vetting. that's the thing one of the obligations the president has is to be sure when he puts somebody up for a very important post that he has done hidue diligence, and this president seems to have made a very rash decision. i like this guy, l's nominate him. and unfortunately the reason that you vet is so that you aren't embarrassed and that your nominee is not embarrassed. and now somebody whose career has been stellar and who is a and whomiral in the navy has served his country has been y agged through the mud. it was extremfortunate. and i have to say that a lot of the responsibility -- there are two things. there's the toxic nature of our politics that cause people to just air all of these unfounded or at least unprov

allegations. they may or may not be true. tt the other thing was the president first place to do his due diligence and select the proper nominee. >> woodruff: what d see there? >> the president was impulsive. he did it on a whim. he trusted his own manifely flawed judgment again. and i think it's fair to say that he did a disservice not simply to himself, to the government, to the people of the country, to ronny jackson, to the failure of duee dilignce, but he did an increasing diervice to the 20.5 million american veterans,l 9.5 mn he whom depend personally and individually on veterans administration services. thiss an enormous 375,000 employees. >> woodruff: because they have to wait? >> they have the wait. we know that it's been a flawed agency and a flawed institution and the service has been

imperfect, not that it ever will be perfect, but certainly veterans for whom we pay gat lip service in this country about thanking them for their rvice endlessly, it would an improvement, a positive development, if they did provide the services we pledge beginning with abraham lincoln to the widoand the orphan and the veteran. >> woodruff: the president said he was concerned about all those things, b he said a those times during the campaign, and so another one of the presidt's choices, mick mulvaney, the former congressman from south carolina, chosen by officesident to run the of management and budget, raised a few eyebrows this week, mona. he was giving a speech to group of bankers, and here's part of what he said. t he wking about his time as a congressman. he said, "if you're a lobbyist who never gave us money, i didn't talk to you. if you're lobbyist who gaveus money, i might talk to you." a lot is being said about this comment, about the way washington works odon't work

and how business gets done here. what do you thk? >> well, i love this topic because it gives me a rare opportunity to defend a trump administration official, which i haven't been doing much of lately. lvaney's... the other part of that quote was, if you're a member of my district, if you're a constituent of mine, i will see you no matter what, even if you haven't given me a dime, but this outrage that has been heard from the democrats about oh, my gosh, it's pay for play and this is horribly corrupt and elizabeth warren said that this is the most corrup administration in history, which it might be, but this does not prove it, and senator sherrod brown said that.. he was d nouncing mulvaney. look, both sherrown and omizabeth warren take donations pecial interests. warren takes from google, comcast, time warner. brown takes from squire, patent,

d.c.n, a big law firm in one of his biggest contributors. so i think this is faux outrage. >> woodruff: are you outraged? >> i am. i think it's a scandal. avthink the system is a scandal. thage price of a united states senate race incretoase $10.6 million in 2016. s that up $1.8 million from two yerlier. you're cstantly raising money. mick mulvaney puts the lie toe d cliche that i'm not influenced by those who give me luney. i'm obviously inced by people who give me money, because those are the only ones i talk to, unless somebdy wants to get a bus from greenville, south carolina, and travel overnight and knock on the door and get a pass tthe house and tell mr. mull vinny what he or she really feels this is a system, judy, that is a washs and haen for too many years. it's dark mone.

it's secret money. it's money that i spend onour behalf so you as a candidate don't have to declare it so i can attack ur opponent. it's a corrupt and corrupted system. and it diminishes everybody who is connected with it. >> wdruff: and not all of us disclose. >> i would say we've made soor many ets to shield politics from the influence of money, and none wf it hasked. >> yang: i disagr. we had four elections in a row where we did keep lits, where they were publicly financed with fair a full elections with no funny must be. >> look, i'm not convinced. csthink that the only way to get money out of politis to get politics out of money. the reason that these people t gi money is because there's so much government in their lives, so much interference with the aurketplace, and bse their livelihoods are at ske, they're going to spend money the

influence the goverent. >> it began with mark hannah who said, it's two things that matter, money, and i can't remember the other thing. and they've lived with that ever since. ny's a corrupt system and it corruptsdy in it. >> how do we change it? >> public financing. public financing. we elected ronald reagan twice under it, anhe abided by it. hi had limitations on what he could raise and whate could spend. >> woodruff: we'll keep talking about it. mark shields and mona charen,k thu both. >> thank you. nd >> woodruff:inally tonight, a new memorial and museum in montgomery, alabama, aim to shine new light on one of the darkest periods in american rrhistory-- one of racial and lynching. jeffrey brown has this look. and a warning: viewers may find some images in this piece disturbing. >> it speaks to a difficult

past, a difficult history. >> brown: it's a haunting feeling, to descend beneath a forest of steel columns, symbols of a haunted american past-- the astematic lynching of thousands ican americans. as we walk, they rise. so it becomes, what? >> yes, well, it becomes more sobering to now know that these figures are being raised up above you, this violence is being raised above you. but that was the menace, and the threat, and the terror that renching was designed to ce. >> brown: the national memorial for peace and justice, a project led by cil rights attorney bryan stevenson, sits on six g res on a grassy hill overlookwntown montgomery, alabama. construction continued during our visit. this is a city resonant with the history of racial strife. the first "white house" of the confederacy, statues and memorials to confederate

leaders, the church where martin ther king, jr. preached, the bus stop where rosa mbrks became a of resistance. it's a "equal justice initiative," a mgal advocacy organization, which documente than 4,400 lynchings between 1877950, putting names and stories to stly forgotten victims. >> most of us have no understanding about the legacy of slavery. we have no understanding about the era of lynching. black people were routinely pulled out of their homes, and hanged, and burned, and anowned, mutilated, and tortured, sometimes on the public square with thousands of people cheering on that torture. >> brown: at the memorial, more than 800 rectangular steel monuments, suspended from the ceiling, rising in height, rusted and stained, some as if bleeding. each represents a county where

lynchings occurredamwith victims' and dates of , ath. some with just a fhers with dozens, and many more unknown. >> it's only when we find a way to talk about these things, when we tell the truth about these things, that we can create new relationships. that's what truth and reconciliation is about. itt that we can't skip any steps. truth and reconciliation is sequential. you've got to tell the truth first, and then you get to , conciliation. >> brown: i meis is a kind of, i don't know if "obsession" is the right word, but this missing link in our history from slavery to, let's say, the civil rights movement. >> yeah, it is a compulsion. i want to be free. i want all of us to be free. .nd i don't think any of us are free, black or whi or are constrained by the smog created by this hi and to deal with that, we're going to have to clean the air. wee going to have to talk about some things we haven't talked about before. >> bro: one of the names here: elmore bolling, killed in 1947 in lowndes county, alabama, less

than 30 miles from montgomery. >> he was killed simply cause he was too prosperous to be a negro farmer. >> brown: josephine bolling mccall was just five when it happened. >> one white man was aested at the time, but never prosecuted. >> brown: her father had started a buness employing other african americans, and josephine believes he was murdered for violating the racist social contract of the time. >> iwas maintaining status q and that is, the black man was never supposed to achieve the level and level of success that white men had. we were never to aspire. it even killed your aspiratis when you think about when someone is murdered like that. >> brown: she remembers nojust the terror from her father's killing-- their familymoled to gomery shortly after his usath-- but the pain that came fromce denied.

>> there's an emptiness that one u esn't get over easily, especially when e wondering why. why was he so brutallyd? rd then once you find out that itlly for naught, then it really, really hurts. >> brown: along with the memorial, stevenson's organization created t museum downtown that traces african american history through four eras. it begins withanenslavement," recognizes the troubled past of this very site, once used to warehouse slaves. in the period of "lynching and racial terror" during reconstruction, postcardin which white spectators pose by hanging bodies, and large jars containing the actual soil from the ground where lynchings occurred. in the 20th century, into the

civil rights era, a collection of laws across the country, some banning activities as trivial as playing cards with a black person. finally, our own time, a period of "mass incarceration." stevenson s spent decades prfending wrongfully convicted oners, some of whose stories can be heard here. lv i think slavery didn't end. it e. bd for the last 160 years, 170 years, we'n dealing with the legacy of slavery. and you can see that manifest in lynching and in segregation and presumptions of dangerousness and guilt that challenges us today. i see young kids who are being born into a world where they are still weighed down with that burden. and so, i want to get us to the point where we get past that. that's how we're going to get past these police shootings of unarmed black men and women. that's how we're going to get past the wrongful convictions of people of color.

wefe not going to get there we don't deal with this legacy. >> brown: you are of course tforcing people in some w look at ugly things, right? >> yes, i mean, you can't live in a community where most people in the community came out and cheered while someone was burned alive, or someone was tortured, or someone was hanged, and expect to a healthy community by never talking about it. it just doesn't work that way. that stuff feste. it's too traumatizing, it's too painful, it's too rrifying to just evaporate. it's in the air, and communities of color still feel that pain, thatenace, that anguish. and 're being told they can't talk about it either. >> brown: stevenson modeled his soject on those in other countries,h as germany and south africa, which have publicly faced their pasts. ere are we in remembering? >> we are nowhere. i mean, we're the opposite. ri're actually trying to romanticize these s, that

are actually periods of great trauma and shame. seand that's why i think t projects are so important. we suld create a new kind of iconography that we can all be proud of. i n't want segregated iconography, segregated memorials. i want an honest accounting of our history, a reckoning with ory.hi and then, i want to see how we want to deal with that. in brown: to that end, stevenson is crereplicas of each of these markers, and inviting counties to take theirs home for public display, in memory of the victims. for the pbs newshour, i'm jeffery brown in montgomery, alabama. >> woodruff: right now, robert n sta is preparing for "washingek," which airs later tonight. robert, what's on tap? >> a breakthrough agreement in the korean peninsula brings promise and peril, apresident trump prepares to meet with the north korean leader.

we'll discuss what's next, ektonight, on "washington judy. >> woodruff: and we will be watching. thanks, bob. urd later, "in principle" looks into the fwith bill gates, who says that despite what you may think, the world is getting better, not worse. that's tonight at 8:30, on most pbs stations. on pbs newshour weekend saturday, residents near puerto rico's only coal-burning power plant fear coal ash may be making them sick. >> reporter: alberto colon is a retired maintenance worker in miramar, one of the city's poorer neighborhoods. he suffers from sinusitis, and has developed an abscess on his chest. >> people complain about diseases like asthma, cancer. it's normal for people thave ncer. it's like, before a certain point, if a person here got cancer, you would say, "my god,h person has cancer!" today, you see them as just one more person. >> woodruff: that's tomorrow night on pbs newshour weekend. and we will be back, right here, on mony, when i sit down with

former f.b.i. director james comey. that is the newshour for tonight. i'm judy woodruff. have a great weekend. thank u, and good night. >> major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by: >> kevin. >> kevin! >> kevin. >> advice for life. life well-planned. >>arn more at raymondjames.com. abbel. a language program that teaches real-life conversations in a new language, like spanish, french, german, italian, and m >> consumer cellular. >> leidos. >> supporting social entrepreneurs and their -olutions to the world's most pressing problems- skollfoundation.org.

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♪ hello and welcome to kqed newsroom, tonight, onspecial edif our show, youth takeover. we will be featuring the input andperspectives of bay area high school a students as the guests and interviews. >> i'm a junior in high school and i'm one of many high school students participating in kqed . productio >> and on this program, we will discuss various issues before the u.s. supreme court, incling immigration. >> also, how e-cigarettes arein marketed and especially to youth. >> and important to students every day. school lunch. let w starth e cigarettes. >> yay