captioning sponsored by wnet >> stewart: on this edition for sunday, may 20: the first funeral is held for a victim of the texas school shooting. our signature segment, trying to reverse the maternal health crisis for black women. next on pbs newshour weekend. >> "pbs newshour weekend" is made possible by: bernard and irene schwartz. the cheryl and philip milstein family. sue and edgar wachenheim, iii. dr. p. roy vagelos and diana t. vagelos. the j.p.b. foundation. the anderson family fund. rosalind p. walter barbara hope zuckerberg. corporate funding is provided by mutual of america-- designing customized individual and group retiremeth products. 's why we're your retirement company. >> additional support has been provided by:

and by the corporation for public broadcasting, and by contributions to your pbs yostation from viewers lik thank you. he fromisch wnet studios at lincoln center in new york, alison stewart. >> stewart: good evening and thank you for joinift us. two days eight high school students and two teachers were killed and at least 13 others injured in a mass shooting ina sa, texas, the first funeral was held today. mourners attended services for sabika sheikh at a hou-area mosque. the 17-year-old pakistani change student was planning to return home in early june. students and staff were allowed back into the school with police escorts yesterday so they could collect their belongings. the 17-year-old suspect, who police say confessed to eme murders, rns in custody.

and now survivors of the friday morning attack are beginning to tell their stories. sophomore rome shubert said he was running away when he was shot. >> i had no idea until i looked at my shirt and there was blood dripping down and my friend ndme up behind said you got shot in the back of thrthead. >> stethe santa fe high school baseball player joined his teammates at a playoff game yesterday whe they mourned the lives lost. this morning, texas lieutenant governor dan patrick said school security should be increased, and he repeated his call to reduce the number of entrances at schools and to arm more achers. >> we should have eyes on students walking into our schools. w this studeked in with a gun under a trench coat friday and no one in law enforcement stopped him. we can't guard every entrance of the 8,000-plus schoolse have in texas, but we can guard one or two. >> stewart: fred guttenberg, whose daughter was shot and killed at stoneman douglas high school in parkland, florida, mments.ed to patrick's >> this is not just about guns, it's not just about school safety, it not just about mental health, it's everything.

d the problem is when these shootings happen, the crowd that doesn't want to blam, they want to talk about everything else but guns. >> stewart: the santa fe high school will be closed tomorrow and tuesday. the texas school shooting may have dominated this morning's talk shows, but president trump had some other issues on his mind, tweeting at length about some of his usual topics: witch hihunts, emails, servers, ary clinton and the swamp. he president also said th would officially demand the lopartment of justice " into whether or not the f.b.i./d.o.j. infiltrated surveilled the trump campaign for political purposes." for more on alof this we turn to newshour weekend special correspondent jeff greenfield who joins us now from santa barbara. jeff, reading the president's tweets from over the weekend, he talked about the fbi putting a spy on his campaign. but then we also have this big new york times story, talking

about the influences of other nations asiderom ria on potentiality influence on the 2016 election. so it's kind of two camps. if you are on one camp it is is witch hunt camp and the other side the ie burg camp. do any of these narratives have y crossover, any facts in common? >> it's hashed hard to tell but i would suggest something,, y they agreed with the intelligence community that russia did try to interfere inel thction at the behest of president putin,urting hillary clinton and helping donald trump. that doesn't mean there was nclusion or that the trump campaign knew about it. that's aimportant fact that others in the past have tried to minimize or deny. mpteresting to me is no one in the trump aign has denied the times story that there was

in facta meeting from two middle eastern countries that were interested in helping the we don't know if the trump campaign accepted it but certainly elements of the story are beginning to come into focus and say, that much we knodland in the mof charges and countercharges that is something to grasp on the to. >> stewart: on the year anniversary of the mueller investigation, trump's allies say there ma be darker motives igation.nve is this unusual tactics or a case of deja vu all over again? >> no i think this is unprecedented.nn the head sg part of this is in the past presidents have used the fbi for political reasons. president johnson regularly got information from fbi hoover and

smoking gun to get the fbi to back off the investigation. but what you have is the president of the united thates assertin the fbi, the justice department among others, are involved in an effort to destroy his campaign. tonut a spy i his campaign. which if true would be a scandal of historic proportns. and so the push-back that we're seeing on behalf of the fbi and the people critical to trump is no no, what you are doing is painting a picture so dark that you're trying to convince youha supportersanything from here on that you hear involving the trump campaign just don't believe because it's all a conspiracy. this ishi som i've never seen before. >> stewart: the president this morning tweet bed the mid term campaigns. where do things stand for democrats and republicans at this point? >> there is data that encourage d worry both sides. the things we know about mid terms ishey often depend on the prentsi approval rating

and which party would you want to see in charge. up to this point thereident's apology numbers have been abysmal and the democrats in double digits. the president's approval uptick and better than it would and the generic percentage shrinking for democrats which would please republicans. however, we know the number of young students who have registered in the wake of the parkland shooting is unprecedentedly large. if young voters turn out which hix doey don' in mid terms, is just awful. >> jeff greenfieldthanks for joining us. >> thank you. : >> stewar more on the victims of the santa fe high school shooting, visit pbs.org/newshour.

>> stewart: the united states is in the midst of a maternal health crisis. in fact, women in the united states are more likely to die from pregnancy-related complications than in any other developed country. for black women, thelity is even more startling. their death rate is higher than that of white women. and black babies are twice as likely to die before their first birthday.on inht's signature segment, we bring you a report from tennessee about one clinic tt is trying to reverse that trend, one woman at a time. newshour weekend's ivette feliciano reports in our ongoing series about povertynd opportunity in america, "chasing the dream." >> reporter: expectant mother brittany briggs is nervous. a year ago she wouldn't have had the opportunityo express her concerns in a setting like this, it's group pnatal care led every month by midwives nikia

grayson and jodilyn owen. the women are meeting at choices, a privately-funded reproductive health claninic i underserved area of memphis. last year, choices began offering midwifery care. midwives here havealready delivered 11 babies with 19 more on the way. >> we want you to leave our care stronger. we want you to leave our care owing how you should be treated, that you are valued. >> reporter: nikia grayson is certified as both a midwife and rse practitioner she also has masters in public health and anthropology. grayson firsstudied infant mortality in the black community as a graduate student >> in these families, the loss of a baby was almost normalized of course they grieved and it was very heartbreaking for them, but it was generational, what i found was lacking was access to care. d then the type of care they received, and how they didn't feel vald or heard.

>> reporter: before the 1900's many birth attendants across the south were black midwives.ss now han 4% of u.s. midwives are black. >> it was taken away us, in our community, these are our traditions, and we're taking them back. >> reporter: grayson is one of only eight nurse-midwives in memphis and one of just two black midwives in this predominantly afrin american city. in memphis, within the first year, african american babies die at a rate three times higher than that of white babies. >> i think that what we are now seeing is a demandor quality care, quality care that is sensitive to people's cultural needs, and the idea that the system needs to change in order to prevent these maternal and infant mortality outcomes that we're seng. >> reporter: african american women are more likely to

experience poverty andwhack insuranch puts them t and infant health outcomes. but racial disparities persist even for black women who are llege educated, according to a study in the new england journal of medicine and an analysis by the new york city department of health. >> there's somethinwrong with the system when african american women who are college-educated and have great jobs can still have poorer outcomes than wte women who are uneducat >> reporter: last year, the american college of obstetricians and gynecologists acknowledged that: "the racial and ethnic disparities in women's alth, including higher rates of pre-term birth and itternal mortality cannot be explicit." >> the racial bias when it comes to black women having babies is hidden. >> reporter: . a pinckney is an obstetrician at regional one

hospital in memphis. she says categorizing and diagnosing patients according ti their racepart of american medical pr tactice. t bias means it's kind of like we have shades when we're looking at this patient. so she african american, most likely it's preeclampsia, so that prevents us from thinking of other differentials of what it could be. could it be a migraine, or coult e just a headache because she didn't sleep last night because she was up with all her children. >> the truth is that black women are less believed when they ht e symptoms te concerning, from pain to shortness of breath toyther things that are rea concerning. >> reporter: dr. neel shah is an obstetrician and professor o obstetrics at harvard university. there is research backing him up: several studies, including from the university of pennsylvania and in the "new england journal of medicine, found that black patients with the same symptoms as white ones

receive less pain medication anp are referred tialists less often. >> my biases can change the decisions that i make but it also affects the person across from me because she can see plainly what i'm not. and so as a result of that she feels like i'm not responding to her needs, a's not ultimately getting what she eds out of the care that i'm trying to provide, and it leads to this sort of vicious cycle of distrust. r orter: in a national survey of over 2,000 women, 2 of black mothers reported poor treatment from hospital staff which they attributed to race, ethnicity, cultural background or language. w just 8% te mothers reported similar poor treatment. grayson has hed about poor treatment over and over again from her black patnts and how it has created distrust and other barriers to care.at >> onent talked about how her pain was not mana sged well wh was in labor, and that she didn't feel that they believed her when she said she was in pain, others had child protective services called on

them if they express feelings of depressioeen. and that people from coming back to care. >> reporter: that bias, coupled with short patient visits, means obstetricians can have a hard time digging into root causes of a patient's problems, says dr. pinckney. >> i don't necessarily have the time to sit there and do the educational component or the preventive thing. i don't have the time to sit there and say, "so how are youy? doing toell me about your kids," and really building that relationship. >> i think we have to have a more thoughtful way of thinking about the way that our biasesst arctured into the system, from the way that we do informed consent to the way that we inract with patients ever step along the way, from intake, from triage to nursingm.to the care t >> oh, he didn't like that. >> no, he fights back. ha can you feel him? >> reporter: and tis where midwives grayson and owen come in, working to counteract that bias and re-establish trust through midwifery care as certified nurse-midwives,

they are trained in the full spectrum of low ris gynecological and obstetric care, short of surgery. in addition to physicastcheckups and they also address their patients' mental, social, and emotional needs. >> all of our visits are an hour long. arwant to get to know who they as a person and what's important to them and what their daily life is like. so we talk, and we talk about family and stress and what makes them happy. >> reporter: midwife jodilyn owen says the goal is to build relationships with women s allowing them and deal with warning signs before they become urgent medicalssues >> it is through listening that we start to understand the challenges she's facing that can convert a non-pregnancy isue into a pregnancy emergency. so if we allow hypertension to develop, it will develop into preeclampsia. so in our model, we're saying, i e you are developing this, i'm going to intervene using the

lowest resistance model first. >> reporter: 75% of theiren pa are on medicaid. for some, simply getting to a doctor's appointment c be a challenge. >> if you imagine a woman who is working shift work and has no control er her schedule; she doesn't have a car so she's bound by a bus schedule. she'll walk in 15 minutes late and they'll tell her she can't be seen that day. she's been sitting on a bus forf an hour and a nd is pretty sure she'll never do that again. >> reporter: and so, grayson and owen go out of their way to make sure they are available to their patients. >> we meet them where they are, both literally and figuratively we visit many of our patients at home. a lot of times that they have an appointment to come to our office and they don't make it, we'll call them and like okay, are you okay, do you need us to come see you? >> reporter: and the commitment doesn't end when the baby is born. >> the postpartum carewe provide r them is really, really key in the middle of the

night they know they can text us or call us. >> reporter: alexius hill still remembers the multiple visits in the weeks after grayson and owei red her daughter chloe nine months ago. >> jodilyn and nikia would come and check on how chloe would latch on, check on if i had anye ng, ask me about any concerns i might have. theyade sure i ate right still even after delivering chloe, made sure i consumed enough water. so even until this point now it still feels like they're there. >> reporter: in 201jo4, the medicanal "the lancet" concluded that including midwifery care in health stems reduces maternal and newborn mortality. and a study in the american journal ofbstetrics and gynecology found that participating in group prenatal re can reduce the risk of pre- term birth, especially for black women. >> when we look at what's obviously different between the way we organize our maalrnal system and the rest of the world, midwives are on the

periery in our country, and they're right at the center of care everywhere else. really it shouldn't be about midwives versus obs. it's about trying to provide women options for care, and also ideally access to both. >> reporter: grayson and owen partnerships with memphis obstetricians, including dr. pinckney. >> we need the midwives and they need us if they need a surgeon, if there's an emergency then we can be there for them. >> the norm ght to be providing people with care that's safe and supportive and empowering. we should be able to do all three. >> reporter: grayson and owen are panning an apprenticeshi program at choices to train more miives of color. >> it's a privilege for me to be able to provide care to black women. they are find me relieved, and they talk about that. i think they see in me they see themselves.

>> stewart: next week the european union will see one of the biggest changes to online privacy since the advent of the internet. it's called the general data protection regulation or g.d.p.r., and as of mat will apply to thousands of k,mpanies, including the giants google and facebhat do business in the e.u. violating the new rules could mean billions of dollars in fines. what does it do for individuals d what will it mean he in the united states? to help us answer those questions, i am joined from washington, d.c. by rob pegoraro, a writer for yahoo finance and "usa today." >> okay so rob come, what is the goal for the law, what is it hoping to fix? judge the it's hoping to put people back in control of their data. you have tave control of it, you can have the company asking again, it has to be your direct coent, they can't get a

funny little check box where yes is already checked. it is a 72 hour timetable for data breach. in the u.s., there's no such regulation, for most cases. competing service data compatibity it's a huge set of changes. >> stewart: so if i decide not let a company have my data will it keep me going to that company's website? >> pottially yes. there are some companies this have already said we are not going to tr to mess with the gdpr at all. ftc if we see you connecting from an internet protocol device, we're going to lock you ou >> stewart: what can be imagined right now? >> privacy laws in the eu, in fe u.s., restoring privacy laws, theeral level there's

traditionally been no levels, then they can bring a case out of it. >> stewart: soif 'm sitting in tallahassee, florida, does that have any meaning for me? >> much to my surprise, it seems like it will. companies don't like to make two same reason why car companies would not like to make a product r california and another one for thest of the u.s. large firms hav decided if we're going to have to build a data portability function into our service, that's why instagram years and years afte facebook has added the same thing will let you take yourmr inion elsewhere. >> stewart: seems liks for the good bu ite it i've heat will argument, this would thwart business growth. >> pivoting to a different business model that will require using these people's data in a y they didn't consent to.

there is a fear that the actual gdpr text, about 55,000 words, this could entrench mptablished ies that have large compliance departments and law firms on retainer. small startup, two people in a, garae third person is probably not going to be a lawyer. they may decide this is too ch of a risk. on the other hand, it could be when you have to build a model that treats customers as having power over the data, that might bring upusiness model possibilities that silicon valley doesn't really consider. >> stewart:'s going to b policing or holding these companies accountable? if you business in the eu, if your site has a french language version, german language version, if you do business in euros, you are doing

business in the eu. >> stewart: we'll see what happens. rob pegoraro, thanks so much.pb >> this is s newshour weekend, sunday. >> stewart: the trum administration's proposed tariffs on chinese products are on hold. the tariffs, announced by presidnt trump earlier this year, would have applied to billions of dollars of goods, if ant to reduce the u.s. trade deficit with china. this morning, treasury secretay steve mnuchin said the u.s. ma"" meaningful progress"t" durin days of trade talks last week.n mnucid that although the talks would continue, the president might still impose tariffs. the state department is calling day's election in venezuela" illegitimate," joining the european union and many american countries that are refusing to recognize the s. venezuelan president nicolas maduro's rivals were barred from running in the endection others were forced into exile. venezuela suffers from hyperinflation as well as food and medicine shortages. president maduro took power in 2013 following the death of cialist leader hugo chavez.

the political bloc of shiite cleric muqda al-sadr has won iraq's parliamentary election, but this victory does not mean he will be the next prime minister. al-sadr, who led violent attacks against u.s. forces in 2004 did not personal run in the election. but as leader of the party with the most number of seats in parliament, al-sadr joined current prime minister haider al-abadi and others today to begin forming a new government. the populist al-sadr opposes u.s. or iranian intervention in iraqi politics. palestinian prident mahmoud abbas was hospitalized today in the west bank, the third timeco this week ing to officials. reports varied about the 83-ll year-old'sss, but abbas did have an ear operation this past tuesday, and he has anns exe history of health issues. palestinians have not held presidential elections since 2005 when abbas was elected to what was supposed to be a four year ter

>> stewart: finally tonight, residents of haws big island have a new worry as the kilauea. it's called "laze," a combination of hyocoric acid, steam, and fine glass particles that are sthpewing ino air now that lava has flowed into the pacific ocean.al the volcan caused its first injury this weekend when molten lava struck a man outsido hi, shattering his leg. tomorrow on the newshour, more coverage of the school shooting in texas from ourolitics monday team. that's all for this edition of pbs newshour weekend. i'm ison stewart. thanks for watching. have a good night. captioning sponsored by wnet capt nmedia access group at wgbh access.wgbh.org >> pbs newshour weekend is made possarle by: beand irene schwartz. the cheryl and philip milstein

family. sue and edgar wachenheim, iii. dr. p. roy vagelos and diana t. vagelos. the j.p.b. foundation. the anderson family fund. rosalind p. walter barbara hope zuckerberg. ng is provideddi by mutual of america-- designing customized individual and group retiremeth products. 's why we're your retirement company. additional support has been provided by: and by the corporation for public rcontributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you.

e kenney: therare e legends that tie the people of hawai'i to the islands of tahiti. come along with me, ed kenney, and maui tauotaha as we trace these bonds and find t secret behind his favorite dish-- poisson cru. there are so many reasons why i became a chef. as every dish story. food brings people together and has the power conjure up cherished memories. i was born and raised in the hawaiian islands, one of the most diverse communities in the world. in this show, we' meet a guest from hawai'i, learn about their favorite dish, trace it back to its origins, onand have some fun althe way. man: ♪ higher so we can chase the moon ♪ announcer: major fungredien" was provided by the corporation for public broadcastg. additional funding w provided by the hawai'i tourism authority,