captioning sponsored by newshour productions, llc >> woodruff: good evening. i'm judy woodruff. on the "newshour" tonight, we're on the ground in singapore ahead of historic talks between the u.s. and north korea-- what's at asstak president trump prepares to meet witkonorth rea's leader kim jong un. then, a deepening divide-- the fallout after an unsettled g-7 summit leaves president trumat odds with key american allies. and we begin our series "the end of aids: far from over" by looking at the epidemic in ruia. how the country's response to drug addiction is contributing to the virus' spread. >> we've seen really since 2010, the epidemic in russia getting significantly rse every year, by almost 10% per year. and hopefully things are gng to start getting better very, very quickly, rather than

continuing to get worse. >> woodruff: all that and more on tonight's "pbs newshour." >> major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by: >> consumer cr understands that not everyone needs an unlimited wireless plan. our u.s.-based customer service reps can help you choose a plan based on how much you use your phone, nothing more, nothing less. to learn more, go to consumercellular.tv >> financial services firm raymond james. leidos. supporti for more than 50 years, advancing ideas and supporting institutions to promote a better world.

at www.hewlett.org. >> and with the ongoing support of these institutions >> this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting. and by contributions to your pbs station from vwers like you. thank you. f>> woodruff: short hours from now in singapore, president trump will meet north korean leader kim jong-un, in a first- ever meeting between leaders of twthcountries. what's at stake in this summit micused on the north korean nuclear weapons anile programs? foreign affairs correspondent henick schifrin is with a newshour team, and begins our coverage. >> reporter: today what

president trump called" excitement in the air" looked like, on the ground, a media melee. cameraman and tourists tused over a glimpse of north korea's delegation as they left meetings with us ambassador sung kim. the u.s. indicated the two sides made "more rapid progress than anticipated," and that allows a faster summit schedule, said secretary of state mike pompeo. >>e are hopeful the summit will set the conditions for future, productive talks. >> reporter: the sumtht will begin one-on-one meeting between mr. trump and kim jong- orun, with only transl 45 minutes later, an expanded bilateral meeting including secretary of state mike pompeo, chief of staff john kelly, and national security advisor john bolton. and it will conclude with a larger, working lunch. president trump will then hold a news press confence before returning to washington, one day earlier than planned. today mr. trump visited singapore prime minister lee hsien loong and expressed confidence the summit would succeed. he also spoke on the phone to

japanese prime minister shinzo h abe and sorean president moon jae-in, trying to coordinate regional diplomacy. m jong-il denuclerizes, there is a brighter future for north korea. tomorrow we will get our clearest indication today of whether chairman kim jonun truly shares this vision. >> reporter: at night, a relaxed kim shared a stroll-- and a selfie-- with singapore's foreign minister vivian balakrishnan. he toured what's usually a popular walkway, surrounded by a phalanx of bodyguards. and tourists filmed him walking the u.s. has pushed kim to take unprecedented steps toward denuclearization, and today, secretary of state pompeo said the u.s. would respond with unprecedented guarantees of curity. >> we're prepared to take actions that will provide them sufficient certainty that they can be comfortable that denuclearization isn't something that ends badly for them. indeed, just the opposite, that it leads to a brighter better future for the north korean people. >> reporter: that deal-- security guarantees for de- n nucleraization-- has b the

core of decades of failed negotiations, but there's never been a meeting between a sitting president and a north korean leader. >> in each of these two countries, there are only two people that can make decisions udof this magn and those two people are going to be sitting in a room together tomorw. >> reporter: neither side has revealed whether they have an agreement to sign. and so, with just hours to go, the fate of a summit that's been on-again, off-again, is still unclear. judy? >> he just treated saying etings between staff and representatives are going well and quickly but in the end that .doesn't 3459 we will all know soon whether or not a real deal unlike those of the past can hpen. so nick, what is on the table? what are you hearing could be in a commune kay if there isne? >> there are two baskets on the table. one is the definition of denuclearization an the definition of peace. denuclearization is abhe time line what can happen when

and how long denuclearizationke also what does the north koreans do first and also verificadtion. what k of inspections regime learization.en and then of course what does north korea get in response. what is the definition of peace. what kind of security guarantees can the u.s give? what kind of sanctions relief account u.s. mak. and also north korea wants respect. they don't want to be a par-- pariah so they want off the state-response ared list of terrorism. what we heard today from the secretary of state mike pompeo say little bit of a change in the sequencing. he suggest today that the u.s. would go first, that the u.s. would try and convince north korea at security was guaranteed and then north korea could tke steps teao denuzation. in the past, it was the flip side. the u.s. was always insisti north korea went first so that is a significant change. >> finally, do we know what the people of north korea are hearing about this summit? >> the fact that ty are hearing about the summit at all is actually the most significant previous summits north korean tv

has not said anything about them to north koreans until after the summit was over. and so this one is being covered not quite live but almost live that suggests, prps, a confidence level on the rth koreans, that this summit might go well. there is also a sign ofbenefit from the exposure. the north koreans have long wanted to be sehe with u.s. president and they are getting that and so they are bragging about that to theirpl p. but it's also about substance. north korean tv has talked about wide-ranging and profound talks. and that suggests that the future could be different. and that ,the regihe north cor quan government is trying to convince its people that hey, we're going to focus more on the economy and less on nuclear apons and missiles in the futurement but judy, i will point out the order that north koreis talking about its priorities, a new relationship with the. is, peace on the peninsula and third and only third denuclear expwhraition, so that reveals north korea's priertds.

>> woodruff: we are all on the edge of oureats, nic schifrin in singapore, thank you. in the day's other news, president trump's break with leaders of t countries that are the united states closest allies shows no sign of healing. he fired off new attacks today against canada and germany over trade. this, as the european union defended the g-7's joint statement from a weekend summit. a statent r. trump has savowed. we'll have a full report, later in the program. sthe unittes will no longer grant asylum to victims of domestic abuse or gang violence in most caers. attorney g jeff sessions' decision today reverses a 2014 policy. he said that the policy has been applied too broadly, and that, ot"the asylum statute does redrs for all misfortune." a ship caring 629 migrants remained stranded in the mediterranean sea for a second day as italy andalta refused to let it dock. spain offered to recei rescue ship "aquarius," but it

was not clear the vessel could make the 750-mile journey po reach it. humanitari groups warned the migrants will run out of food tonight, but italy's new prime minister called for other countries to do their part. >> ( translated ): now the news has arrived that spain will welcome the aquarius. we had asked for a gesture of solidari asked europe to take charge of the immigration emergency and not leave us alone ait happened in these past years. so i can only thank the spanish authorities for having accepted our request. >> woodruff: the new italian government won office with a campgn message that the rest of europe has left italy to deal with thousands of migrants on its own. in yemen there's word that more than 600 people have died in days of heavy fighting between government forces and shiite rebels. troops backed by saudi arabia are advancing on the red sea port of hodea, now held by the rebels. most of the country's food and

aid enters through the port. pope francis launched a purge today of catholic church leaders in chile over a sexual abuse scandal. he accepted the resignatioop of three bi including juan barros, who's accused of ignoring thabuse of children by a priest. church leaders and laypeople in chile said they welcome the move. >> ( translated ): we can't rule out that there could be new from the pope himself. what he has highlighted is that measures from the vatican are insufficient. that we break away from that culture of elitism, from that culture of collaboration in crime, so we are able to offer guarantees that children and youngsters are being cared for and treated with respect. >> woodruff: the pope initially defended barros, but has since acknledged "grave errors in judgment." back in this country, the u.s. supreme court has sided with states that purge voter rolls of lepeho fail to vote for long periods. today's 5-4 decision came in a

case from ohio. several other states have .similar la democrats say the statutes disenfranchise minorities and the poor. republicans argue they protect against voter fraud. fire crews in southwescorn rado are struggling to contain a wildfire that's charred more than 22,000- acrearly the size of disney world. nethe wind-fflames more than doubled in size over the thweekend, sweepinugh mountain ranges and forcing evacuations of more than 2,000 homes. on wall street today, the dow jones industrial average gained five points to close at 25,322. the nasdaq rose 14 points, and the s-and-p 500 added three. and, the drama world's biggest night could be a big boost for a small-scale show. "the band's visit" won for best musical last night, as wl as best actor and actress, taking ten awards overall. "harry potter and the cursed child" won best play.

congratulations. still to come on the "newshour," why previous attempts to negotiate with north korea have failed. fallout from the g-7 summit, where president trump sparred with u.s. allies. the end of aids-- thglobal fight against the hiv epidemic. and much mor we return now to the historic summit in singapore between president trump and north korea's kim jong-un. the road that's led to this meeting has been long and dangerous, littered with fraught diplomacy, broken agreements, and threats of w. but as nick schifrin reports, poagain from sin, mr. trump has expressed hope that he can solve a problem that has abedeviled forican presidents.

>> 25 areas ago north korean leader kim jung il, the father, made a critical decision, his country was desperately poor and suffered nal nourishment and famine but he built a nucar program to guarantee his regime security. he threatenedto kick out inspectors. and in response president clinton drafted plans for war. >> it is pointless for them to try to develop nuclear weapons because if they ever used them it would b9 end of their country. >> the intelligence community assessed in 1994 that if these reactors were completed, the nort pkoreans wouldbably have enough plu tonium and enough time to produce about a hundred nuclear weapons. so the ideaere was don't let that happen. >> in 1994 a ardless robert galucci tried to diffuse it diplomatlyically by flrnting with north koreas who were a little rough around the edges. >> they had ill fitting suits. he would pound the table. >> but after 17 months, the u.s.

and north korea signed the reag framework. north korea promised to dismantd el its reactors.mi the u.s.d to replace them with reactedders more suitable for power than bombs and pursue normalization for the democratic people's republic of korea. >> the framework documents when it is implemented should resolve the outstanding issue over the nuclear ioogram. >> rel peaked in 2 thousand when madeleine albright visited pyongyang and top north korean military officer visidded washington butt u.s promised replacement reactors which were supposed to fill this pit, were never finished and the u.s. never offered the north koreans normalization. >> they complete thible gaition anthey mean by that both the fact that we didn't finish our reactors but i think more pornly that we never normalized relaeons. >> but orth koreans also

broke promises. they began creating second uranium pass bomb with ntrifuges similar to the which caused critics to say north korea never intended to denubbing lar rise and the u.s. never understand. >> the framework came out of the diplomatic process which ended up with north korea cheating and continuing to develop new and more dangerous weapons, that std pattern. and the agreed framework was the firs time we held this from lusesy like charlie brown. negotiateeen helped with the north koreans for a bush administration that scaled back on promised aid for in the kore in response north korea reactivated its plutonium reactor. the bush administration made threats. >> states like these and terrorist allies constitute an axe is of evil with. s but the u.s. turned to russia, chinouther korea and japan for six party diplomacy. the u.s. again programsed to replace nuclearization, and s rth korean again promised to

abandon itogram and again u.s. xpresse >> it is a very important moment in their history to make this turn. and to turn away from these sorts of wre n. >> bth korea did not turn away from nuclear weapons. >> in 2006 nofort korean tv announced in a massive crowd celebrated braited ttrhe cos first nuclear tests. >> north koreans were not t preparedo give up nuclear weapons. these weapons are just too msential for their survival. >> which is whyost analysts believe north korea continued to test deses might international sanctions that targeted all of north korea's exports. >> president obama. >> like its predecessor president obamalso used threats. >> we will not hesitate to use our military might to defend our allies and our way of life. >> and tried out diplomacy in sfits arts. >> but by 2017 north korea tested an interconinental ballistic missile that could reach the east coast ofhe u.s.

and showed off what it called a thermo nuclear bovment by then kim jung-un had replacedfahis er, killed his own uncle to con toll-- con sol dade power. and by then donald trump was president. >> both were willing to threaten war. >> ty will be met with fire and fury like the wor has never seen. >> the entire united states is within range of our nuclear weapons. and a nuclear button is always on my desk. >> rocket man is on a suicide mission for himself. and for his regime. >> the administration believes that rhetorical pressure combined with unprecedented sanctions th targeted north korea's oil and coal exports forced kim jung-un to negotiate. but north korea choas to negotiate saysrm wendy s. >> i think the sanctions helped. i think though thet fundamenal reason that kim jung-un is

coming to the table is because he has his nuclear weapons. he has a delivery system to deliver those nuear weapons. he's gotten what he needed. he wanted to get the recognition and the dignity of a meeting with the president of the united stt es. >> andis that dignity that this summit provides. >> by agreeing to theumt, essentially who conditions, the president has handed north korea toof its major objectives. number one, defacto recognition of nuclear weapon state, kim jung-un is having summits with everybody. and number two, the sanctions pressures off. this summit has given the chinese an alibi to back offn their economic pressure and 90% of north korea shall it. >> senior adration officials describe the summit as a kind of smell test. to see whether they can avoid making the mistakes of the past and whether kim jung-un is more willing to denuclearize. >> in singapore, kim jung-un could go further than previous negotiating teams but many analysts are sceptical. >> the north koreans usually

mento these talks prescripted and don't have the permission to do anything other inthan read their tapoints. that will be different for donald trump because it is the supreme leader himself. >> kim jung-un will be free to ad-lib and say things that arere probablyy clever. he lived abroad. he speaks english and french he will fin ways to charm, offer historic breakthroughs that are in fact not breakthroughs. >> u.s. officials admit they went into the summit not knowing g-ether kim j is here to buy time or invest in a new future. >> i myself think it's very hard, some place between very hard and impossible to know without testing. i saenegotiations a method of testing. >> in singapore they will snsider lifting sanction and offer security tbarn teas in ghchange for denuclear glaismts the two sides will also discussion ending the korean war that devastating thes peninsula thatever officially ended. >> we all want the president to succeed. it is in our national security interests thate succeed.

so take a deep breathe, get started, have a good first summit, open the door but then know to really open that door, to have the victory lap the president is looking for, is going to take a considerable amount of time, attention to detail, and patience. >> in recent weeks president trump has tried toind at patience and reduced expectations but with so much on the line, after souc history, the president is hoping to make some of his own. for the pbs news hour, i'm nick schifrin n for the pbs newshour, i'm nick schifrin in singapore. >> woodruff: there's new fallout today from the g-7 gathering in quebec that ended in rancor between president trump and close u.s. allies. lisa desjardins begins our coverage. >> we need to avoid a continued tit-for-tat escalation. >> reporter: an unusually blunt assessment today from british

prime minister theresa may after this weekend's tense g-7 summit. >> this was a difficult summit with, at times, some very candid discussions. ( laughs ) but the conclusion i draw is ghthat it's only throntinued dialogue that we can find ways to work together to resolve the wchallengface. >> reporter: topping those chelenges at the moment is split between president trump and his g-7 counterparts over anu.s. tariffs on stee aluminum. some of his harshest words were aimed at justin trudhe canadian prime minister who criticed the u.s. tariffs on saturday, after mr. trump left the summit early to head to singapore. >> it's kind of insulting. it would be wi regret, but it would be with absolute certainty and firmness that we forward with retaliatory measures on july 1, applyi equivalent tariffs to the ones that the americans have unjustly applied to us.

>> reporter: in short order, president trump tweeted he was withdrawing from the g-7's joint statement on trade, and he shblasted trudeau as "est". on sunday, white house trade adviser peter navarro stepped up thattack. >> there's a special place in hell for any foreign leader thai engages in bad diplomacy with president donald j. trump, and then tries to stab him in the back on the way out the door. >> reporter: at risk is a key relationship on both sides. canada is the united states' largest export market overall. it's also the largest market for american agricultural goods. since the north american free t trade agreemnt into effect in 1994, exports to canada have soared 181%, while imports from canada have increased 170%. pulast night, ican senator susan collins of maine came to canada's defense, tweeting, "we've had differences withye canada over ths,

nevertheless, canada remains our close ally, good friend, & one of america's biggest trading partners." democratic senator dianne feinstein of california said the g-7 agreement is more than symbolic. >> i understand the president was upset. the president could have said that. but to walk away from our allies in this way, i think, is a estake. >> reporten so, from singapore today, mr. trump fired off a new barrage of tweets. one lobbed at canada proclaimed, "fair trade is now to be called fool trade if it is not reciprocal." another, he charged, "w should i, as president of the united states, allow countes to continue to make massive trade surpluses while our yefarmers, workers & tax have such a big and unfair price to pay?" secretary of ste mike pompeo aimed to play down the strains. ri>> there are always nts in relationships. >> reporter: for the pbs newshour, i'm lisa desjardins. >> woodruff: we get two views

now on this recent confrontation with the u.s. and its allies and begin with the white hse perspective. marc short is the director of legislative affairs for the el>> marc short,me back to the program. >> thanks for having me. >> was this the presidenn 's intense summit end as it did. >> i don't think. so the i think the prethdent afte summit said his relationship with the members was on a scale 0-10 a ten. he also commented that our ultimate goal here is lower all trade barriers so there would be no more barriers and no i think what is unfortunate feeling like they had a good summit, the president was headed to an incredibly international summit with the north korea dictator and after he was oshall-- the prime minist canada decided to make the comments he did. that is what was frustrate together team. >> even the president's allies, friends are saying there is nore plan out tor frea trade. that what we are hearing right now from the administration is that the. needs to get its trade barriers up because it doesn't feel it'sa being dlt

with fairly by other countries. my question is why d the president have to be so personal with prime minister trudeau. the criticism, even today of canada and even of germany and the other allies, these are amera's allies. >> they are. and they have been historically strong allies and continue, will be continuing. but i think judy, the president looks to this and says if negotiations on naf had not gone sufficiently successfully tth canada, there continues be a lot of disagreement about the imposition of things. we're lookinto level the playing field. so the president has grown frustrated with the ways of canada and i tnk he's frustratedded as well that we haven't made more progress in iewering the barriers ba so more american good kbs exported to canada. >> one of the things for example the president has focused on again and again is dairy, the dairy sales area. we lacked at this today. dairy right now makes ups only a i understand it 2/10 of 1 percent of the overall value of

goods that are exported to canada. so why the fixation on that? why not look at the lger picture, the larger relationship. >> one of the reasons is 2/10 of 1 percent b isause quan dame poses tariffs that range from 250% and 300% on cheese, butter and milk. what we are saying is lower the tariffs so we can export dairy goods to canada. our agriculture communityre hasa tionship with canada but it could be stronger. we could be exporting more, that is what the president is fietding for, for more aess r our goods and services. >> let me quote something that said.r john mccain i'm sure you are familiar with it. he today said, he said to our allies americans are profree trade. we are supporters of these alliances that are based on 70 years of shared valt us. we stand with you,ven if our president doesn't. >> i think that the president again is trying to get the free trade, he supported these ailationships. we wish john m well but i think the president is continue

to advocate for things. he campaigned on a promise that he was going to delivr for the workers of america t is why he won so many of the mid weste states and what is he delivering on. >> let me quote from the "the wall street journal" editorial page, a friend of this president, of other conservatives editorializing itday that disruption isn't enoughsays, it went on to say the president needs to come up with a trade strategyhich they don't see. they say theynk don't thihe president is serious about talking about zero tariffs. so this again is a friend of the gresident looking at what has happened and sayhey don't get it. >> there are a lot of people who have questioned the president's ility to deliver. it is why we have the lowest unemployment in 50 year, lowest ever for hispanic american, african-americans, lowest unemplment claims in 44 years, the it is largest surplus on record in april. the presidt has the economy going the right direction. there are a lot of sceptics who said he couldn'hat. he said we wouldn't see the 3%

gdp growth. we have awmplegged it even bet ther quarter. solt same scept particulatirs qu his trade policy, the president i think deserves our ability to say you have delivered for us on the economy. you serve theeverage to negotiate better deals because he feels like for o 70 years to the point john mccain is making for seven years, in many cases we provide a lot of things t our partners overseas and as far as their national security and taking vafn us on trade. >> marc short, white house director of legislative affairs, thank you. >> thanks for having me. >> and let's hear another voice tnow about the presiden trade policy and moves toward u.s. allies, ian bremmer closely follows this as the founder of the political risk consultns, the eurasia group. ian bremmer welcome to e i think you just heard what marc short had to say, that this is a me into offio saying the u.s. is going to be dealt with fairly by its adversaries and by its allies. so if that is the case, why isn't what the president iswh doin everybody, what he

said he was going to do? >> ihinon this count it actually is. establishmeat the in the republican party as well as the democratic partyupports free trade. but trump certainly didn't speak in that direction. he said american companies ar't particularly patriotic. in taking jobs overseas. he wantedngo bhem back. and he also said that he thought that other countries were treatingfaamerica ly. so the tariffs he's talking about and theretty hard line he's taking is clearly popular for his base. he sawindsey grahamnd john mccain both talk about just today the fact that they support free trade and open borders and open markets but that they believe perhaps the majority of the american people do umnot. and is playing on that division very directly today. >> and whatbout, we heard marc short say look, dairy may be a small percentage, a sall, just a small portion of yefer all trade but it's really hurtinger an dairy interests. american dairy farmers and dairy

producers, so why isn't it appropriate for the president to say look, canada, if are you going to impose these enormous 270 perc,t tariffs on we're going to turn around and punish you. >> well, to mi the metaphor, judy, he is really jerry picking, right the united states has tariffs of about 200 percent on canadianre sour that comes in. so they may be tough on milk but we burng culture to dairy tariffs. shell of the and unshelfed peanut incredibly high taifers inhe u.s., peanuts incredibly high tariffs. we have industries we happen to support, special interests. the canadians have theirs. if we had joined the transpacific 3eu7 we probably would have lost some mafacturing jobs overseas but we would have had much more access in terms of agriculture. trump had no interest i that. the broader issue here is not about dairy. the broader issue is that trump has very little interest in amu ilateral institutions and

architecture and disunt have a very good relationship with u.s. allies. the things i found most unnerving with marc's interview wi you is when he started off by reiterating that trump said his relationship on a sce of 1 to 10 with the u.s. allies in the g-7 is a ten. i've spoken directly with all of those allies. none of them would come close to that assessment, right. the u.s. relationship with those countries is okayish. trump's personal relationship is actually closer to a zero. and he did evything he could to tell those allies individually and collectively that they do not matter to him in canada this weekend. >> another point i didn't get a chance to bring up with marcor shwet but the president is being it today and that is what these allies are contributing to nato. he continues to point out the u.s. pays the lion share. he said the u.s. pays the vast imajority of what goeo nato. the countries that are benefiting from that are paying just very small percentage. doesn't the president have a point about that.

s >> yeah, thane of the stronger questions for to you give marc because he slowtly a point there. the germans are spenlding about 1.2 percent of tir gdp on defense right now. the americans spend 3.5 percent. all of thes allommit to 2 percent of gdp for nato defense. most of them are nutting it. that has been an issue under obama, an issue under bush. while many are starting to spend pmore like theish government for example, concerned about the russians, closer to their border, most are not, the have been talking about it for a long time. there is some free riding going on there. but let's keep in mind that if you are an americant ally ting in canada, trump comes in, he says he doesn't even want to show up to his allies the day before, he shows up late, he cancels his bilateral meeting with the french president literally hours before, e leaves early, he shows complete indifference to most of the lks going on. he's already left the iranian

deal, the paris climate accord, anspacific partnership. he's taking a unilateral decion on jerusalem literally people say trump is a divider. but in terms of trump'sllies, he is a uniter. no one has done more to bring againscountries together the united states and that's unfortunately just a reality. >> ian bremmer of the eur asia group, we than you. >> woodruff: stay with us. coming up on the "newshour," the empolitical stakes of a su court decision on purging voter rolls. and the argument for traveling alone. but first, we return tonight to our ongoing look on e global fight against h.i.v.-aids, produced in partnershi the pulitzer center. william brangham begins a new, five part series, and he's here tonight. william, this is a follow-up to

last year's seriat about aids. the focus of this project? >> reporter: judy, last year, we t lookedaces that were starting to turn the tide against h. researchers hope that ending aids might be possible. o this year, we wantedok at places where the challenges are still enormous-- producer jason kane and i, working again with jon cohen of "science magazine"- - went to three very different locations-- russia, nigeria, and florida-- these are places where thtfight against h.i.v. is going so well. tonight, we start in russia, where some proven strategies to .v. aree spread of h being ignored and shut down. e welcomto the last needle exchange program in the city of kazan, russia. ioat they do here is textbook h.i.v. preve free, clean needles for those who need them. h.i.v. tests so people know if they're infected and can get treatment right away. for those who can't make it to the center, counselors like marcel zaripov will come to

them. this father, vyacheslav ignatenko, shoots drugs several times a day. he's also h.i.v. positive. injection drug use has been the main driver of russia's epidemic. in some cities today, a staggering 30% of people who inject positive.also h.i.v. but, because ignatenko gets these regular visits, he's taking his h.i.v. medication, his virus is suppressed, and so ikhe'sy not infecting anyone else. >> ( translat): h.i.v. is already too big of an epidemic, yeah? and i want people who use drugs neto have the things the: needles, condoms, and for the disease to not spread. that what i think about. >> reporter: these proven techniqueselped this city of 1.2-million keep a growing h.i.v. epidemic largely at bay. ctions among people who inject drugs here dropped from 1000 a year in 2001, to just 150

several years later. but these kinds of efforts are increasingly rare in russia. the government passed a law in 2012 brandg many groups that do this kind of work as "foreign agents" because they take donations from abroad. tothat's widely undersod to mean "spy" or "traitor." many closed down as a result. even this program is in jeopardy. >> ( translated ): there will be no money to pay for the services ivu visited today. maybe it will sufor a couple of months, maybe 2-3 months, buthen it will cease to exist. >> reporter: larissa badrieva is s an epidemiologist who hen these programs. recently, the russian government g money from tak "the global fund," which is the world's largest donor of government and private sector money into h.i.v./aids programs. andespite promises to the contrary, the government has not filled the gap. >> ( translated ): well, we've been waiting for a long time for this funding to stop.

honestly, we've done everything we could in this situation. but if there are no radical changes in the drug scene, we'll see a gradual increase in h.i.v. infections in all groups >> reporter: russia now has the fastest growing h.i.v. epidemic in eastern europe and central asia. over 80% of new infections in onthe reccur here. it's one of the few places in the world where the epidemic gcontinues dramatically worse. of the estimated one million ssns who are infected, only a third are getting antiretroviral treatment. >> i would say, in short, they, they did it all wrong. >> reporter: michel kazatchkine was head of the global fund from 2007 to 2012. as russia's economy grew, russian officials told the fund they didn't need any more help. >> and they became defensive, and, and said, "okay, we will do things ourselves now, from now." so, they said, "first we don't want the global fund anymore. we can manage ourselves. we will set up o own

strategy?" uh, and that's where they basically closed everything. >> reporter: kazatchkine is now the u.n. secretary general's special envoy for h.i.v./aids in this region. we visited a gay film festival with him in st. petersburg. gay and bisexual men are another key driver of h.i.v., and puanother tion kazatchkine says russia is ignoring he says russia's rejection of so many proven prevention strategies is partly why 20-30- thousand people are dying of aids in russia every yea >> i just cannot accepbethat there ha so many missed opportunities. and, until they, they really scale up, it is, i time where the epidemic is going so much faster than what they do, and that will translate into many more new cases in the years to come anmany more deaths. >> reporter: isome cases, even well-intentioned efforts can have the opposite effect. we traveled over 1,300 miles east to the city yekaterinburg,

where one infamous anti-drug campaign epitomid what many say is the exact wrong way to address h.i.v. a>> ( translated ):one of the many who decided to revolt and rise up against the drug use in our country. >> reporter: yevgeny roizmanoss one of theinfluential voices in this city. he's been mayor for ve years. he just stepped down last month. in the realm of russian , politiizman would be considered a liberal-- he's a vocal critic of vladimirutin, and he urged voters to boycott the last electio despite his vast collection of s iconography, roizman's also pushed back against his country's religious and cultural conservatism. he very publicly took an h.i.v. test to show how easy it is. but roiz in the early 2000s, running a vigilante-style anti-drug campaign called "city without drugs"

this abc australia documentary shows w it worked: nighttimraids where men grabbed drug users a carted them off to other sites. there, they'd be handcuffed to beds as they went through withdrawal. cizman says the city's drug crisis at the tiled for a strong response. >> ( translated ): when we reopped the drug trade, the s started to bring us many drug addicts-- 30, 40, 50 people a day, on chains, on a rope, in the trunk, half-rotten. the moms and dads were weeping, n downeir knees and begging "please do whatever you want-- just save them!" >> reporter: this h.i.v. ve man who went through the program says he was chained to a bed. there was no counseling. he didn't tackle his addiction until long after he was released. >> ( translated ): well, it might've helped some, but the majority a time went backwards. >> reporter: methadone, and other opioid-substitution

therapies, like at this cent a in the u.s.,re outlawed in russia. the world health organization considers this proven addiction therapy an "essential tool" in the fight against h.i.v., because it can stabilize a drug users' life, move them away from injecting drugs, and help them also stay on hiv medication. but this woman, who also went m,through roizman's progaid not only did they get questionable addiction eatment, but one staffer threatened to reveal people's h.i.v. status. >> ( translated ): they would nding these doctors and take everybody's blood,hose who tested positive for h.i.v., they said they'd post online. with photographs and last names. >> reporter: one of the public aogans of roizman's program w"" drug addic bastards"-- and while lawsuits alleging kidnapping and torture ceeventually ford the program to close, roizman stands by his approach and says he did nothing wrong. he says thousands got over their

addictions, and he believes the critics have it backwards. >> ( translated ): the human rights activists, the abstract humanists said, "why are you talking like that about drug addicts-crooks? they are hums as well. they are people like you, but they are poor, unhappy, sick" my job was to ensure that children do not use drugs, and their job was to see that those who use drugs were treated well by society. they're entirely different. >> everywhere i've been in the rld where people inject drugs, the culture has rejected that uncoy. >> reporter: jon cohen has been "svering h.i.v./aids for over 25 years foence magazine," and he was our partner on this series. he says this harsh treatment of ctadn-- not seeing it as an illness-- only fuels the spread of h.i.v. >> the medical profession and the world health organization, ththe united nations has've all concluded that it's an illness. >> reporter: that addiction is an illness. >> addiction's an illne,s. treat it lhese are not vermin! they're humans. they need help.

and if you adopt that philosophy, you can stop the virus. on the other hand, if you treat these as just bad people, throw th fueling your epidemic. >> reporter: so, what does addiction treatment look like elsewhere inussia? many are like this: small, in- patient centers where people go cold turkey and which follow something close to the 12-step model. most government-funded programs offer a quick detox and then you're back out. >> look, we've tried everything sewe've tried rehab programs, we've tried cold turkey programs, and they certainly don't work. um, and, so we need to do something to try and get ahead of the epidemic. >> reporter: vinay saldanha runs e n. aids office for eastern europe and central asia, based in moscow. >> we've seen really since 2010, the epidemic in russia getting gnificantly worse every year, by almost 10% per year. and hopefully things are going to start getting better very, lyvery quirather than continuing to get worse.

or>> repr: but for now, russia's prevention efforts se sparse. sein moscow, the two volunteers sfrom thell, grassroots andrey rylkov foundation are the only people out tonight dispensing free, clean syringes. 12this, in a city of almos million. this man asks for a bag to carry his needles home. "sorry," they say, "no money for bags." so he puts them his pocket. they warn him to be careful. it's all they can do. fo william brangham in moscow. >> woodrow: tomorrow night, we look at how ruia's epidemic is illing into the wider population, and how the government there is responding. you can see all our reporting for this series "the end of aid" -- far fro on our website. pbs.org/newshour.

wdruff: we turn back to one of the most consequential trips for a u.s. president in recent memory: a historic summit tonight half a world away, on s, as we heard earlier, of fallout from another summit with u.s. allies. john yang begins there >> reporter: judy, it's a topic for politics monday. toalk abut that and more, edwe're joy amy walter, national editor of the "cook political report," and susan page, "usa today"'s washington bureau chief. susan, amy, thanks so mh for joining us, as judy said, it is the tale of two siments this eck what d, sitting down tonight with one of the most long-standing uadversaries of tted states, he met with some long-standing allies over the weekend, susan and it didn't seem to go so well. what do you think happened? >> it did not go well.sa yo iconic photograph that g ows the president trump sittrrounded by leaders, other leaders looking at him

with great-- it's like the worst thanksgiving family dinner ever, right? i mean these have been our allies for 70 years. it's been part of, sin5 1 we have had the global economic system hd togethery these g7, g8 meetings, and this was sically the u.s. role was blown up by president trump. president trump is not interested, i think, in having these alliances having the u.s. be the first among equals, the leader of them. instead we see the alliance united and the united states standing basically alone. and yet this is exactly what then canadn trump said we do as president. i alone can fix this. we are not going to do things the way we used to. the system isn't working any more. whether they e alliances, whether it is our trading system t is not working, it's not working for a bunch of people in this krivment you lech immediate to shake it up and that is exactly what i am going to do i also think what is fas mating to see is the world that congress is or in this case is not

playing, in issues like trade and potentially we'll see what comes out of north korea but if there is ainal deal there, will congress get a say or will be continuing what we saw a lot under the obama administration which is sort o an executive move, right, the executive makes policy whether it is tpp o paris, the climate accord, or the iran deal, that congress does not codsify. and so we have these policies that are in place for one president, only for them to get overturned, potentially when the new president comes in place i don't think that is a really great way to do policy. and members of congress can do something and th far they haven't done anything. >> and that's sort of the back drop a the president prepared and went into this meeting tonight. and he tweeted about it earlihe. aid the fact that i am having a meeting was a major loss for the u.s. say the haters

and losers. we have our hostages, testing research and allissile launches have stopped and these pundits who have called me wronb from tinning have nothing else they can say. we will be fine. well, pundit susan page, what-- what is doing here, do you think? >> well, i think the president is saying it a victory just to have the meeting and i think a lot of americans would say better to have a meeting talking to an adversary than threatening one another with nuclear weapons. i think a lot of american agree with that. but you also want to look at what you get out of the meeting and what you gave up to hold the meetingis and the fac for kim, this is also a big victory just to have the meeting. it is-- it makesisegime this terrible, brutal regime that has been an outlaw for long, it gives 4u78 legitimacy and standing that he didn't have before. and so that has been part of the calculations, that is one of the reasons previous american presidents have refused to give him this prize. >> it is also interesting, i was

looking through a poll that fox news came out with last week and they asked people who approved of the president or disapproved of the president why it is, give me your numbereason why you do that for people who approve of the presidentr , a quar them said not surprisingly t is because of the economy and jobs. and only 4% noted peace with north korea or foreign policy. for people who disapprove, agait you wille surprised t is his temperment t is his di have-- divisiveness, it gets to the iart of what is going both of what we are saying from that tweet and what we saw at ththe g7 which i things that his base likes to see, are gsexactly the th that people who already dislike him dislike really about. right. that is what they don't like about him. it is not the policy as much as the way he is going about it. >> it is succeed or fail t is not going to make much difference to ther of his spofort ares or haters. >> that's right. so depending on what succe s i think if you already support this president, whatever he is

doing you wi find success in that if. if you don't like this president, unless there is something really dram thaik occurs it is not going to change wiur opinion. >> although i thin so much we found, with so much in the pation we donl know right away whether that thr is success or failure and there has beensu ess the icelander siment, in 1986 that looked like a failure t was in fact productive in terms of u.s.-soviet relations but you look at jfk and crutch ef, that helped contribute to the cuban missile crisis. wouldn't be able to make a snap judgement today, tomorrow, next week about the summit. i want to get to the supreme court decision today, they upheld ohio's laws for purging voter rolls,he some of strictest in the nation. why is this such a political hot button. >> because it helpings republicans and hurts democrats it is dping to dispropositionately affect young people, poor people, minorities who are less likely to turn outo vote, less likely to respond

maybe to a mail solicitation t will encourage ohio, a swing statand other states to look at similar laws. >> and a reuters study found just that, places where the vote ares had been struck from the rolls there were more of those in democratic leaning neighborhoods than in republican leaning neighborhoodsnd not surprisingly a lot of those were in neighborhoods that were poorer or heavily african-american. >> amy wall setter, susan page, we have to leave it the, thanks so much. >> you're welcome. paragraph >> woodruff: you may be planning toa summer vacation, tryin coordinate schedules with friends and family, but maybe there's another way-- even a better way-- to take a vacation. people are traveling alone in tonight, "new york times" travel writer stephanie rosenbloom shares her humble opinion on why heading off, by yourself, rewards you with more than just a new destination.

>> reporter: i'm a travel reporter. when people discover this, they often begin telling me about the places they've longed to go. many say things like, "i'd love to see portugal, or paris-- but i don't have anyone to go th." my response? so what? you should travel alone. one year, my editor sent me to paris to explore the city alone. igthat was the aent. on my own, thousands of miles hfre, i could slow down. i began to really pay attention, to soak up all of the marvelous, everyday things i miss when talking with, or tending to,ns compan the way sunlight fell through the trees onto ie green chaithe luxembourg afrdens; the sound of rain on awnings outside a the i was able to zero in on these details because there was no one to distract me, no one to tell me to hurry along-- to stop tlingering quiet street near balzac's house. travel alone, and you have the freedom to pursue your

particular interests you can develop your aesthetic sense at your own pace. you can exore art and design shops-- places that may inspire a new hobby or a creative endeavor, even how you want to spend the rest of your life. alone, i can step outside my comfort zone; like thevening i took myself to an opera in paris. i can be reflective. i can climb a hill in florence on an autumn afternoon and myconsider how i'm livinife, and how i want to live it in the future-- a process thatan get inhibited when other people are around. now, maybe you're thinking, "that's all well and good, but won't it get lonely?" we can't outrun loneliness. g if it's go come, it will come, even if we're at party surrounded by famili besides, if you enjoy meeting people, take a vacation alone. seriously. strangers tend to be more u'lling to strike up a conversation when on your own. and these days there are so many opportunities to connect with locals and fellow travelers, be cothrough ing class, an architectural walking tour, or a

peer-to-peer dining website. and here's a litre food for thought: if, like me, you happen to be a woman traveling alone, you're exercising a hard- won right. for years, women in my hometown of new york city didn't have the right to walk into a restaurant and eat lunch alone, let alone travel by themselves. every time i go it alone, i'm doing something that countless women before me fought to be able to do. the rightwait f friend to coordinate his or her schedule with yours, or for the love of your life toome along. buy the plane ticket. book the hotel. eltrlone. >> woodruff: all that and more and that's the newshour for tonight.f. i'm judy woodr join us on-line and again here tomorrow evening. for all of us at the pbs annewshour, thank yosee you soon. >> major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by:

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what role did this strikingoster play in the explo96ve events of0s america? i didn't think we had reached that point where we were going to start shooting at people, my god. gwendothn: what does is ceramic face reveal about the middle passage and a captive people's search for identity? that is amazing. eduardo: and what can these carved letters reveal about the first explors to visit the american southwest? elvis costello: ♪ watchin' the detectes ♪ i get so angry when the teardrops start ♪ ♪ but he can't be wounded 'cause he's got no heart ♪ ♪ watchin' the detectives ♪ it's just like watchin' the detectives ♪