captioning sponsored by newshour productions, llc >> woodruff: good evening. i'm judy woodruff. on the newshour tonight: a historic meeting with elaborate stagecraftbut with few details. we breakdown the statement out of president trump's smit with north korea's kim jong-un. and we get reaction fr key senators on the foreign relations committee and foer state department officials. plus, the h.i.v. epidemic is reaching dangerous levels in russia. why some say the government will be forced to act if it doesn't do more so. >> something very bad should happen, after that, everybody will stand up and just go and do somhing. >> woodruff: all that and more on tonight's pbs newshour.

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>> kevin. >> advice for life. life well-planned. learn more at raymondjam.com. >> consumer cellular. >> and with the ongoing support of these institutions: and foundations. >> woodruff: president trump and kim jong-un are now long gone from singapore, after a whirlwind goals, but provided few details on how to achieve them. n,om singapore, foreign affairs late this afternarly morning in pyongyang, a north korean news agency issued statements from leader kim. he said the summit had produce a "radical switch" in the relationship, and he called for practical measures to follow through on issues from an early date. from singapore, foreign affairs

correspondennick schifrin gins our coverage. >> schifrin: for decades, the leader of one of the world' most isolated and repressive thismes has wanted handshake, and with the u.s. and north rean flags side by side, president trump greeted kim jong-un with the trappings ndof pomp press teen and started a process he predicted would end decades of atomic antagonism. five months ago the two men taunted each other over the size of their nuclear arsenals. today president trump predicted this was the start of a beautiful friendship. >> we will go ( translated ): i believe this is d prelude for peace. >> schifrin: after an expanded meeting with the two sides owner aides. and a working lunch of short rib crispy pork and braised cody..

>> >> schifrin: the two signed a joint statement as president trump and kim jong-un said would transform their relationship. >> ( translated ): today we hadh toric meeting and decided to leave the past behind. ni. a statement, the u.s. pledges security guarantees to dprk, the democraticps republic of rea. kim jong-un promise complete denuclearizati of north korea. it is more of an outline than a roadmap. utth side pledges wit specifics to establish new relation, seek peace, work toward complete denuclearization, and recover.a p.o.w.-mremains from the korean war. >> the past does not have to define the future. yesterday's conflict does not have to be tomorrow's war. >> schifrin: for months the administration said it demand the north korean nuclear program dismantle completely, verifiably and irreversibly, but today's agreement does not

reire north korea to do anything specific. today for the first time ntesident trump admitted insta denuclearization was impossible. >> it takes a long time to complete denuclearization. it takes a long time. >> schifrin: what president ump wants quickly, the end of joint u.s.-south korean military exercises. the military has defined these as defensive, but preside t trump callm inappropriate and expensive war games. >> we fly in bombers from guam. 6.5 hours. that's a long time for these big, massivelanes to be ying to south korea to practice and o en drop bombs all over the place and thenack the guam. i know a lot about airplanes. it's very expensive. and i think it's very provocative. >> schifrin: after mr. trump spoke, the south korean military appeared surprised, releasing a statement that sa, "we need to find out the exact meaning or intention behind his comments at ."is point but south korean president moon

jae-in, whose diplomacy helped create the summit, was supportive sake his ssman. >> ( translated ): i congratulate and welcome this t success of the historic north korea-u.s. summit with a burning heart. >> schifrin:resident trump described how he one day wanted to lift sanctions on long-trte adversary korea, and he envisioned an optimistic future for north korea's tiny economy. >> as an example, they have great beaches. you see that whenever they're exploding their cannons into the ocean, right? i said, boy, look at that. wouldn't that make a great condo behind... i, plained, you know, instead of doing, that you could have the best hotels in the world right there. think of it from a real estate perspective. >> schifrin: president trump's positivity comes despite new york's listening and brutal human rights record. north korea is accused of starving its own people and creating widespread mall -- mall four itchment. -- malnourishment. president trump, who is twice kim's age, suggested his rapport with the dictator couldvercome

decades of mistrust. >> he is very talented. anybody that takes over an situatke he did at 26 years of age and is able t run it and run it tough, i don'y he was nice, or i don't say anything about it, he ran it, very few people at that age, you can take one out of 10,000 probably couldn't do it >> schifrin: kim has never been exposed to this kind of environment as norta'h kore kim has never been exposed to this kind of environment as north korea's leader. at o point, he said the summ felt so foreign, it was like a science fiction movie. but the fact is, judy, he leaves with very real achievements: the prestige of a meeting with the freezing, a of u.s. military exercises. >> woodruff: so, nick, what about the joint agreement? is it fair to say the north koreans got what they wanted out of that, as wel >> schifrin: that's certainly what the analysts that rewith talking to are telling us. the north koreans did get what they want. this is critical, because this is about what hapns next. so when kim left north korea, the press releases that came out of the north korean media said

that the priorities were in this order, improve relations with the u.s., two, gain peace on the pins last, and three, and only three, denuclearization. that's the exact order from the joint statement, improve relation, peace on the pins last, and denuclearization. that's a flip from what the u.s. is usually willing to do. the u.s. usually says, denuclearization first, and then we can talk about ther things. and so by allowing that flip, the u.s. effectively is accepting the north korean narrative that in order to achieve denuclearization, these other thingapneed ton at the same time or even before, and that's the question: will north korea insist that relations need to improve, that there needto be peace on t peninsula before denuclearization? or can all of thihappen in parallel, which is what the u.s. wants, and that will be di ticult, judy, givhat this agreement has not a single shred of enforcement that's part of it. >> woodruff: well, g eak that, nick, there has been some

criticism of president trump, of the u.s. sid for not getting enough out of the agreement. and prestdent trump was tweeting about that. >> schifrin: yeah, he sent a tweet just before we went on the air tonight. and he also answered a dozen questions from all of us today about this. and he defended himself. he said, look, all of you people who are writing that gave up too much, that's wrong. and he listed his achieve in his words, one, hostages that were released a few weeks ago are now in the u.s. two, the remains of what calls great hero, p.o.w.s, m.i.a.s are going to be coming home three, a nuclear test freeze, we haven't seen the test that we s.aw last ye and number four, the beginning of a relationship, and that was really the goal at the end of the day was lower expectations to achievehis relatiohip and start a process of the u.s. the flip of that, of course, is that ahe north koreaieved not tom prestige of meeting with the president, not only this freeze of major military

exercise, but also we're seeing the erosion of th sanctions campaign, the erosion of the pressure on northorea, on the chinese-north korean border, on the russian-north korean border. the pressure that the trumpon administraelped build is beginning to ease, and that is hiother achievement that north korea gained fromsummit. >> woodruff: and, so nick, quickly, on another note, we have seen, we were talking about a lot of pageantry at this summit, an you were just telling us, that extended to president trump's final news conference. >> schifri yeah, we walked in and we saw on the tv scree ns this video, highly produced with narration, and it basically offered oim a ce, shake the hand of peace or slide back into more isolatioes and the ent said that he presented this video on an ipad to the north korean delegation, to try and convince him to sign the joint agreement. this i ss obviousightly unusual diplomacy, and the question is whether this unusual diplomacy works. and the president does like surprises. he also announced that the north

koreans promised to eliminate a missile engine testinsite, and it just shows, judy, that the style of surprise isthart oe substance of how the president negotiates. >> woodruff: nick schifrin ngreporting for us from sore. thank you, nick. here in washington, reaction to the summit so far idecidedly mixed. senate majority leader chuck woodruff: senate minority leader chuck schumer charged today it may have been "purely a reality show summit." fellow democrat edacarkey of masetts said it's the weakest agreement that north korea has ever signed. and, senator bob menen new jersey said kim jong-un is the clear winner. >> we had a lot of sizzle here but not a lot of ste kim jong-un had a good summit. at the end of the day, hnawent from intonal pariah scorned by the world with multilater sanctions including those at the united nations to being seen aan equal, meeting with the president of the united states, the leader of the free world, on an equal f.

>> woodruff: senate republicans said mr. trump sounded upbt in a phone call to their weekly luncheon, but they also counseled caution. majority leader mitch mccoell called the summit "a major first step," but not decisive. house speaker paul ryan pressed clr a verifiable end to north korea's r program, as did south carolina senator lindsey graham. >> the statement issued is a statement in principle. they will weapons program.ear in return, we will guarantee eceir security and provide omic prosperity in north korea. that's a good deal for everybody. we're a ays from there. but i appreciate the fact that the president was willing to sit down ande'll see what happens. >> woodruff: we'll talk to senators from both parties, after the news summary. in the day's other news: president trump took aim again at canadian prime minister jusovtin trudea trade. trudeau had criticized u.s. tariffs after mr. trft the e 7 summit last weekend.

since then, esident has ngpeatedly attacked him, and did so again today in ore. >> i have a good relationship with justin trud.u. i really d other than he had a news ence that he had because he assumed i was in an airplane and i wasn't watching. he learned, that's going to cost a lot of money for the people of canada. he learned you can't do that. woodruff: meanwhile, white house trade adviser peter navarro apologized foying "there's a special place in hell" for trudeau at a "wall street journal" conference today, navarro backtracked, saying: "i used language that was inappropriate... that was my mistake." today's decision some have said

will reduce competition increase costs for consumers. pr'll explor that later in the ram. in the mediterranean sea, migrants stranded stranded on a rescue ship in the mediterranean were moved to other vessels today, bound for spain. italian navy ships took on the north african migrants. rome had refused to let them dock in italy, in a le over e.u. immigration policy, but spanish officials opened their derts. >> it was sion taken so that, a clear message would be sent t crisis, and representing all spaniards, we could not remain indifferent. the fundamental obligation of a democratic state is not only to strictly follow the rule of law but also to fulfill responsibilities in the international sphere >> woodruff: back in this country, a major wildfire burning in co forced officials to shut down a national forest. it's the first time that's happened in 16 years. the fire h charred more than 35 square miles in the san juan national forest since june 1, and threatens more than 2,000

homes. it's only 15% contained. a warning today that sexual harassment is widespread in science at the college level. universities are called on to change their culture so women don't get bullied out of those fields. seattle's city councildao seattle's city council voted today to repeal a tax on big companies, aimed at raising mieions of dollars to help homeless. it was passed just a month ago, but amazon, starbucks and ouher firms t heavy pressure to kill it. g income gap and soaring home prices have pushed seattle homeless rate to one of the worst in the nation. wall street mostly marked time today. the dow jonestrial lost one point to close at 25,320, the nasdaq rose 43 points, and the p 500 added four. this was a triumphant day for

o sports teams. the washington capitals, winners of hockey's stanley cup, painted the town red with a long-await victory parade. players made their way down constitution avenue toward the national mal with captain alex ovechkin hoisting the cup. teammate t.j. oshie captured the mood at a rally that followed. >> seeing how many people are out here, how many people came out to support us, seeing how many people supported us since beginning, when apparently we weren't supposed to be very good this year, we love you and there have been a lot of chants, there's been "let's go caps," "we want the cup," "we've heard we got the cup," we got a new one for you tonight, today: "back to back, back to back..." >> woodruff: meanwhile, in oakland, california, the n.b.a. champion "golden state warriors" held their latest victor parade. they've won three titles in the last four years.

d d former president george h.w. bush tur years old today- the first ex-president to live that long. mr. bush marked the occasion at his summerome in kennebunkport, maine. he was released from a hospital blst eight days ago, after a bout with lod pressure. still to come on the nlyshour: full asis of the trump-kim meeting from u.s. senators and former state departmen officials. the end of aids-- russia's struggle to stop the virus from spreading. and a merger between at and time warner gets the green light-- what a jge's ruling means for other business deals >> woodff: as we reported, lawmakers from both sides of the aisle raised concerns about what came out of presidt trump's meeting with the leader of north korea. is evening, i spoke with two

key members of the senate foreign relations committee and i started by asking republican senator james risch if we can take seriously the statements made at the summit. >> i think it's too early to say that. but everything that's happveed so far iy positive. it's ing in the right direction. 120 days ago we were headed down a very, very different path. and this president needs to be given credit for how he's been ab to turn thisthing around. there is work to be done. we know how to do this.we e done a number of them, and i think that the group at the state department, at the white house, are fly engaged already. they're drilling down into the mmereds that need to be out. i'm very comfortable with the

way this thing is going. the other gd thing about this is when we did the -- not when , when president obamaid the iran agreement, we were left out of it. re dismissed. they treated us very dismissively, and as a result of that, it never got a vote in the senate. it wasn't submitted for a vote in the senate, and we all know how it ended. it wasn't good. >> woodruff: so is the congress definitely going to be involved in somehow signing off on this before it's all over? i have talked to the president, the vice president, the secretary of state on t issue. all three of them have told me idependently it is their intent to put thsuch a form that it can be submitted as the founding fathers wanted to have done, as a treaty to the united states senat, and they want to vote in the united states senate. they're not pushatng back on that's the direction they want to go. it's good for us and it's good for people on the other sidof the agreement. then you have a biepgding agreement. >> woodruff: so when president trumsays that chairman kim, i

acink in his words, is denuking the whole he said it's going to start very quickly. are you confident of that? >> well, look, this remains to be seen. we have a history that is not goodg alonmilar terms. but thitime they have not said that in response to a suggestion sothat they would gething for it. so they're going a different direction. this whole thing, the balwas in kim jong-un's court, and he took it, and he is the one that started this thing down the path. so look, they know what they have to do. we've been down this road with them before. the international community has told them what they've got to th. an are saying that that's what they're going to do. .aying it is one thing we're going to know very quickly, and the president has said he will know very quickly whether or not they can make this happen. >> woodruff: one thing thepr ident has said already is what he calls war games, joint

military exercises with south korea are going to endr now. so it's a little bit of confusion about that, vicepr ident pence talked about it today. do you think it's a good idea,t the presidaid today he's wanted all along for these exercises to stop. >> schifrin: i've tto both the president and the vice president about this today. and i thnk this is going to take some more nuancing, when he said "war games," i don't think he meant mithat alltary exercises with the south would be ended, butothis is goin be a matter that they're going to refine during the negotiations. and weed tohe givepeople who are negotiating this space to get where we all want to be on this. so, yeah, you know, i know there's a lot of discussion about statements that were made on this side or that side. let's all take a deep breath and y a prayer that we're going to get to where we need to be with this thing. >> woodruff: two other quick things, senator, are you comfortable with the fact that

human rightoncame uy briefly, tangentially in these talks? >> look, we're negotiating right now on a matter that is of a serious nature to the tire world. america has always been about human rights. we will always about human rights. we lead by example. having said, that we also talk th allies ad enemies alike about this. but we do business with m untries who i't and most people aren't satisfied with on human rights issues. this is something that is going to be gotten to i'm sure at some point down the road. but look, you got to walk before you run, and right now the very sensitive, important matter of on is what's on the table. >> woodruff: finally, different topic, are you comfortae with the president pulling the u.s. out of the joint g-7 communique, being very critical of can dark its aders, the other members of the g-7? is that what you think was the? right move >> well, the president had good

reasons for what he did, a he is a tough negotiator, as you know, and he is not happy with the way we've been treated with a lot ofur negotiations. i think the frustration is boiling over.is but look, thit a final thing, this is not an ongoing ing, the people that she's talking to on g-7, these are friends of our, they're allies of ours, and even siblings have disagreemee,s from time to t and whenever you talk about money, which is what you're talking about en you're talking about trade, it is always a difficult family discussion to have. and that what was going on there. these are going to be ongoing. we'll get to this. >> woodruff: he's more critical of them than he is of hhairman kim. >> well,at's separate issue b the nuclear versus the financial mattert he is very frustrated with the way we have been treated as far as trade agreements in the past, and he's trying to do something about it. >> woodruff: senator jim risch, we thank you very much.

>> judy, thank you very having me. >> woodruff: we now turn to the other side of t ale. senator ben cardin is the democrat on the foreign relations committee. sbegan by asking if the thought the summit wascess. >> judy, we want diplomacy to win here. we want to end this crisis in north korea, and the way to do de is through diplomacy. we want the pre to be successful in gaming a way inwh h the korean peninsula will be nuclear-free. but we didn't hear any specifics. we can't make conceptions until weet action from north korea. they have made commitments in the past that they have not honored, so it's very important that we see action, that we see a listing of altheir nuclear facilities, all of their missile technologies that we get inspectors on the ground, that we get a game plan to eliminate wall the nuclearpons. and that it is permanent in nature. an we didn't hear any of that in singapore. so the pradident msome

concessions. he gave kim jong-un an audience with the president. he made commitments about.s. military maneuvers in that region. an we'll see whether that will be successl to get kim jong-un to make the type of commitments we need to eliminate his nuclear capacity. >> woodruff: but just the very fact that the president met face face with the leader of north e rea, that the two countries t right now... don't have this hot rhetoric going on between the leaders, tht there isn't missile testing, isn't that a positive step? t absolutely. we're very pleast there is the diplomacy taking place. we want the diplomacy to succeed. yes, we are very pleased that we've been ae to get the two leaders to talk. what we need now is to see nth korea really implement changes to show that they're serious about eliminating their nuclear weapons program.

whethe the president's allowaes and the changes he made in the military will be enough to move that along, we'll see. but the judgment will co as to whether north korea takes action. >> woodruff: what'... what specific steps are you looking for. the president talked about ending what he calls war games. the white house is now clafying that what will continue are routine training exercises. but there is still some work to be done there. so what are you looking for? >> well, judy, theext step should be the lifting -- listing of all of north korea's sites participating in theirear program and their missile technology, an inspection of we know exactly where they are. inspectors to make sure there is no enhancement of these program, and then serious discussion on a path to eliminate their nuclear

capacity. >> woodruff: but you didn't expect that to come from firstin me did you? >> no,, no i did not, and the framewk of kim jong-un wanting security protections in exchange for giving up his nucar weapons was a formula that i fully suppoed. the question is: will kim jong-un now move forward seriously with the program to get rid of his nuclear weapons? he's made these commitments, his government has made this commitment in the past and have not. so i guess what i'm saying is we'll see whether this campaign strategy worked o't work, but we're pleased that we're using diplomacy.a >> woodruff: hn rights, this is something that came up only briefly. the president saidt came up, but it didn't take very long. are you comfortable with that? we head senator risch say, we talk all the time with countries who have humanbl rights pms we don't approve of. >> for the united states to have

a really different relationship with north korea, they have tgeo chheir human rights record, which is perhaps one of the worst in the world. the president must make it clear, biefl forard on nulear weapon, but to have a productive tionship with the united states, progress also needs to be made on the human rights fund. >> woodruff: when you hear president trump s he feels he's got on the know chairman kim very well in a short period of time, that he trusts him that he knows he loves his people, wants to do what's right for them, how do you takehat? >> judy, as i said earlier, i want diplomacy to work. i'm all for diplomacy. ent'ink the presid characterization here is really difficult to understand. kim jong-ud has murderelot of people. his record is terrible. his reliability is not there. so i don't know whether i would use those types ofof praise kim jong-un.

>> woodruff: and finally, senator, last question about the g-7 and the president's very tough criticisms of the g-7 .s. out ofulling the u that communique. can that be explained by the fact that the president is frustrated that other countries have not done what he wanteemd o do with regard to tariffs and dealing with the u.s. on trade? >> i don't think there's any way to explain what the president did to our closest allies. it defies logic. what the president iins is america alone. we need our allies in our mutdel nse and in our national security. so i thought he perfrmance of the g-7 was extremely dangerous the america, inting russia t join what have russia has done to us, and then blastin prime minister of canada, no, there's no justification for that type of conduct. >> woodruff: senator ben cardin, thank you very much. >> tha you. >> woodruff: now we get the

views from two >> woodruff: now, we get the views from two people to whom we asve turned repeatedly throughout theyear, first on threats between the u.s. and north korea... and now negotiations. ormer statezi is a department analyst who supported the u.s. delegation for talks with north korea during the clinton administration. and balbina hwang was a special adviser to the assistant secretarof state for east asia and pacific affairs, and is now a visiting prossor at georgetown university. welcome back to the program to both of you. so as we reported earlier, north korean news agency has put out a couple statements within the , last hosentially saying some pretty positive things, saying this relationship is changing. at one point they said this wasi a radicalchover from the most hostile state of our relationshin. the other that they have said, balbi hwang, is chairman king is invitint g presidump to come to north korea, and he accepted the president's invitation to ome to

washington. so before i even ask you about the summit, what is this sort of after-the-summit set of statements say to you? >> well, first of all itsab rema that north korea's state media is responding so quickly. normally it would be severit days anould be tightly controlled. they seem to be responding very, very quickly, but it ias s expected, it's celebrating this as a tremendous success and it's certainly celebrating this as kim jong-un is, you know, their dear leader isow accepted as a world leader. > woodruff: so frank januzzi, tok at the summit, look he statements coming out of it. what does it tell you? what do you take away rom it? >> well, the top line is very positive. you have the twos leaderr the first time sitting down together and making this commitment to peace and denuclearization. but the joint statement itself is ar have thin gruel. the north koreans refused to identify what they mean by denuclearization. and the united states and north korea pursue that goal,

we're going to have to confront some reallugh issues, including does north korea expect to have peaceful use of nuclear power. if so, do they also expect to produce the fuel by by enriching uranium for those power planteds? the north koreans have been very vague about how define denuclearization. until we get clarity on those points, we don't know whether we have a deal. >> woodruff: balbina hwang, did we get any hints from this meeting about the answers to those questions? >> new york and moreover, this is hardly aatelebrn for a new set of a relationship or even an indication that kim jong-un has made any kind of strategic shif because really this joint statement reuses all of the se nds of phrases that have already been rittman rittman -- reite i think this shows despite president trump's pledges that he will notepeat the mistakes of the past, i think it shows

the difficulty of wt three other presidents really tried very faithfully to do, and each of them pledged not repeat the mistak of the past, but it shows how difficult it is to get to the heart of these issues. >> woodruff: what about that, frank januzzi, and to yourd poinout the lack of specifics here, could one take the positive view of that, which the administration is and say, yes, a lot of work to do, but we've gotten off on the right foot. >> i think is really great that the two lead verse made the personal commitment to this process. that's new. it's never happened before that you've had the leader of north korea, the leader o the united states personally pledge to this outcome of peace and denuclearization. so now there's a lot of hard work that will commence. president trump in recent weeks has been changed in his tone. he has said that he expects this to be a process. that icompletely different than the sort of rapid denuclearization roadmap that he had in mind when he entered office. so this to me represents a match

chur ration of his understanding of t the complexities e challenges, but we really shouldn't sugar coat this.ng everytrom the nuclear program to the missile program will have to be negotiated with excruciating precision. for instance, on space, do north koreans expect to have aceful space launch? that's as a technical matter different from the delivery of e, icbm warhead, but from a u.s. perspect can guarantee you that the trump administration he northefer that koreans forgo peaceful use of space. where will it end up? >> woodruff: balbina hwang, pick up on that and go ahead. ou,i completely agree with frank. it's not that i think this was bad. i think it's ablutely a good place the start, and i also think that, you know, the two ntaders, it's very imporo have them meet face to face. by the way, part of the reason why we haven't had much success is the leader of north korea needs to be the t oneo absolutely pledge any kind of

relationd ip. having sl that, look, the other thing is that north korea poses all sorts of other threats, never mind that humanri ts wasn't addressed, but what about cyber, what about biochem ca threats. conventional threats. there are numerous other threa beyond the nuclear and missiles that weren't addressed. so it leves these... the threats go much further. >> woodruff: ano wer thing, th a meeting, frank januzzi, between the president of the united states and the leader of north korea. you didn't have utkorea involved, japan was not involved, china was not involved. the south koreans almost immediately seemed to express surprise abouthe decision to stop the joint military exercises. >> well, it was only sick months ago that secretary of state rex tillerson vehemently and without ezestion rejected these t -- the freeze-for-fproposal, freezing of north korean nuclear and military testing in exchange for freezing jointed military exercises. secretary tillerson in january of this year said that was

completely unacceptable. president trump five months later has accepted the freeze without getting even clarity about how far the north koreans freeze of nuclear and missile activities extends. there has been a big shift. our south korean allies were whiplashed by this. i think the damage can be repaired, but they're learning to adjust on the fly to president trump. >> woodruff: balbina hwang, going forward, will these talks be just between the u.s. and north korea? or are these other players going to be sitting at the table, too? >> well, i would disree with you, frank. i think in this case they are okay witactually the plr that everybody is missing here. these talks, the u.s.-north korea talks would not have occurred without the r.o.k. this was absolutely driven by president moon jae-in's leadership, and it was driven by the r.o.k. stepng in and saying it must absolutely be the leader in driving the uesnited stnd the north koreans together. remember, it was the south koreans that delivered that

irtter, and they really brought this eprocess together. so they were floored by this statement about the war game, but that was president trump speaking off the cuff as he normally does. i think the south koreans were absolutely tre about the joint statement. and they were clearly there not physically, but part of this process. >> woodruff: but going forward, do you think they and others, the japanese, the chinese, are going to play a parted? >> i think the japanese are ry, very worried. the south carolinians i -- south koreans are there. >> judy, they are going to have to be there because you cannot end the korean war without the chinese and the japanese being at the table. >> woodruff: frank januzzi, balbina hwang, thank you. >> thank you. >> woodruff: and now, we continue our series on the aids epidemic, returning again to ru last night, we looked at how injection drug use initially drove the epidic there, where po's estimated that one million

people are h.i.vtive. tonight correspondent william brangham and producer jason kane ndturn to look at the other factors behe continued growth of this epidemic, and how the russian government is responng. this series was produced in partnership with the pulitzer center. >> reporter: pavel lobkov is one of the top news anchors inru ssia-- a celebrity of sorts here. but one night three years ago, he became the news-- revealing to the country that he had h.i.v. >> well, i went to the infectionist. he had a thick file crossed with a red marker, h.i.v. positive. >> reporter: this was news because lobkov is one of the only well-known figures in all of russia who has gone public about his h.i.v. status. lobkov says he wanted russians to know that h.i.v. was not a death sentence, something that

much of the world learned decades ago. >> you look at me, you don'tee uh, spots on my, on my cheeks, see that i'm exhausted, and-- uh, spots on my, on my cheeks, you don't see, i'm, you don't you couldn't distinguish that i'm h.i.v. positive, if i don't lill about it. >> reporter: phealth officials say it's hard to believe that such a wealthy, educated nation still treats ..i.v./aids with so much stigma and deni >> it's because we are still soviet. >> reporter: what does it mean to be soviet? >> it means to try to keep our problems inside us. if you cry, do it alone, please. >> reporter: critics say these fetitudes are partly why russia is one of the places on earth where h.i.v.'s spread continues to increase at a rofe 0% every year, higher than in the hardest-hit countries in sub-saharan africa. sher the last decade, the

science han that there are certain things you can do that will definitely slow the spread of h.i.v.: you give clean needles to injection drug users. you aggressively test and treat people with h.i.v. so that they don't sphe virus to others. and you target these interventions at people who are at-risk. these things have been shown to work. and yet, oftentimes, those tools are not being used here in russia. , is young woman, who 'll just call katves a glimpse of how outdated h.i.v. care can be in russia. she asked that we not show her face a f years ago, after a breakup, she started feeling sick. >> he liked alcohol, and loved to sleep around. then, e split up, i started to get sick. >> reporter: her doctors wouldn't test her for h.i.v.. the idea that a drug-free, heterosexual woman could contract the virus seemed unlikely, despite the fact that heterosexual sex is now becoming

the top driver of h.i.v. transmission in russia. but when she didn't get better, she insisted. then, whener test came back positive, she was told she didn't need to start anti- retroviral drugs, the standard care for h.i.v. >> they told me pills are not necessary. n there's d to start anything. >> reporter: ang to jon cohen, who's been covering h.i.v./aids for more than 25 years for scmagazine, the advice katia received runs counter to every tf modern h.i.v. care. cohen is our reporting partner on this series >> back in the "bad old days," when there weren't enough drugs for everyone,he recommendations were that you wait to start treatment, until your immune system dd. but the evidence has become overwhelmingly clear: start everyone on treatment imdiately. in most of the world right now, anyone who receives an h.i.v. diagnosis is offered medication right away. >> reporter: katia then tolder doctors that she and her new husband-- who's in the military-

- were ting to have a baby and she'd read online that she should definitely take anti- retrovirals to prevent transmitting the virus to her husband and her baby. >> and the doctor told me that the virus is small. au won't likely infect hi i said "what? how can that be?" i sat and arcaed with her e i had already researched online. >> it's startling to me that inere was a woman in russia in 2017 who's tto get pregnant and goes to the doctor and says, "hey, i neednti- retrovirals" and the doctor says, "well, you know, your immune system's doing well, you don't really need it." she knew better, she had been reading on the internet, and she said "no! what it says is that there's something broken. >> it seems that, atresent moment, there are no real attempts to overcome the epidemic. >> reporter: vadim pokrovsky is the longtime heaof russia's federal aids centre.

and yes, such a senior official has a bleak view of his country's efforts. he says russian society shaped in large part by the hugely influential russian orthodox church, whichrgues against key h.i.v. prevention ivrategies-- like comprehe sex ed, condoms and needle exchange programs. >> in many situations, the arguments from science are not so effective as arguments from the church, but, we think it's better first to save life, and then to save soul. (laughs) >> reporter: russia's national budget covers the treatment of only 300,000 h.i.v. ve russians-- nowhere near the estimated one million infected who need care. for those who do get on treaen it's not always easy m find a ready, steady supply oficine. alexander chebin is something od an uerground pharmacist.

so this is a traveling pharmacy? >> yes. >> reporter: in the city of yekaterinburg, he runs an informal, free, drug-sharing network for h.i.v. positive s ssians in need. in tx is a mix of various h.i.v. medications, collected from people who don't need them anymore, either because theye changed hids or died. s is azt? >> azt. >> reporter: chebin says because no money changes hanis is legal, but he plays it safe, hiding medications idifferent places, like here in his couch. using a network of couriers, chebin packs up and sends medicine anywhere inhe country to patients who need them. all for free. this woman-- 1,300 hundred miles away in stpetersburg-- is part of that network. russia has had repeated problems with so-called "stockouts" where different regions run short on these cruciav. medications, this group is here to help fill the gap. keeping people on steady h.i.v. medication is crucial because people on treatment are much

less likely to transmit the virus to others. but the fact that only a third of h.i.v. positive russians ar on treatment, contributes to the 100,000 new infections that occur here every year. president putin's govement has been criticized for not forcefully addressing the crisis, but in 2016, prime minister dmitry medvedev signed russia's strategic plan against h.i.v. >> russian ministry of health we have a big number of cases, of course. but the situation is quite nsfferent in different reg there is no epidemics in our country. >> reporter: we met with officialfrom the russian ministry of health-- they reject the term "epidemic"-- but claim they are aggressivelng to get everyone who's infected onto medication. they say millions more russians are being tested for h.i.v., and their treatment numbers are growing.we

idn't say that we have no problem with h.i.v. we know that, in fact, we have problem. but we are trying to solve it. >> reporter: but this couple, which is part of that effort in st. petersburg, says its too little, too late. >> they give it more money, they give it more prevention programs. they say "we have a strategy" but the price for that is twenty years of death. >> reporter: andrei skvortzov works for an h.i.v. patient advocacy group. his wife, dr. tatyana vinogradova, is one of the nation's top h.i.v. doctors. she helps run st. petersburg's aids center-- one of the longest running centers in russia. and st. petersburg has made some progress locally against h.i.v., using oven prevention and treatment strategies. but there's more to their story: skvortsov is h.i.v. positive and on treatment, and vinogradova is h.i.v. negative. in tthis public ad campaigy

tried to chip away at h.i.v.'s stigma. this poster says "h.i.v.-- isn't lybarrier to starting a fa with h.i.v., it's possible to u ve a long life." the idea is: if ow you're infected-- like this young man who just was diagnostm-- regular trt can not only save your life, but can prevent your partner from becoming infected, too. but vinogradova says the prejudice is still strg, even in the medical community. >> they are still afraid of h.i.v. patients. >> reporter: doctors are afraid!? >> yes. >> reporter: today? >> surgeons. dentists. nurses. >> reporter: in this day and age? >> in this, in this city, in this progressive russian city. >> so, there's a lot of frustration here, as well, from people who are at the front who know all this! this is not a place for people that are living in the dark ages. you know? look around!

it's, it's, it is europe! >> reporter: so, what is it? if the tools are at hand, and everyone knows how to really addresit-- why is it not happening? >> william, they're telling us that it's leadership! we've heard it again and again, that their leadership just isn't embracing it aggressively. they have a lot of other problems. >> reporter: but dr. vinogradova is darkly optimistic. she says the growing epidemic will eventually make russia pay attention. >> actually it's russian mentality. >> reporter: what, that it has s get worse? ething should happen! r mething very bad should happen, afteat, everybody will stand up and just go ando something. >> reporter: for now, though, people like katia kefi up a quietet-- one foot in front of the other-- even as her coetry's epidemic moves in wrong direction. for the pbs newshour, i'm william brangham in yekaterinburg, russia.

>> woodruff: tomorrow we now, a federal judge ruled today that at&t can complete an $85 billion purchase of time srner. the decision wasnificant loss for the department of justice, which had argued the deal would make the marketplace less competitive for consumers. as amna nawaz reports, the potential megmarger could have a profound impact on the media, entertainment and rlecommunications landscape. orter: the decision comes nearly 20 months after at&t first announced its plan to buy time warr... ...and comes just about a week before the companies face a deadline to complete the merger. te $85 billion merger would allow at&t to buy e warner's assets-- which included plenty of major content creators such as hbo, cnn, tbs and warner brothers movies. lat means at&t would cont rights to big franchises as well like "game of thrones," "lord of lie rings," lego and

broadcasting o sports like the n.b.a. and marchmpadness. the ies face a june 21 the judge put no limits on the deal. some outside of government are worried about what it could mean for competition.vi mccabe, who has been covering this for acts owe, was there in the courtroom today and jos me now. david, welcome to the news hour. a lot of people keeping a very, very close eye on this case. now that you knogethe mr can go ahead, what kind of effect is it likely to have omedia companies, telecom companies, other potential deals in the >>ace in. hank you so much for having me this evening. ass said, this an unequivocal win for at&t, both the decision not to apply condition, but also the decision to encourage very forcefully the department of justice not to pursue an emergency stay in this case. what it means for the rest of e industry is it's go time. effectively iht is a h sign to go after the deals that might

not have been approved had this deal failed. so the first thing we're likely to s is comcast bid for 20th century facebook. that could resha that touches almost every american consume their watches video content. >> nawaz: talk to me from the consumers' perspective. obviously the justice department was arguing if this deal goes through, it means less competition. it's bad for consumers, potentiay higher prices. fewer choices. help me understand that fear a little bit. is that still a viable fear now that the merger has gone through? >> so the consumers and the justice department are saying prices could go up becau would be leveraging the content that it had from the time warnet deal agats competitors in the video space, those who compete with their subsidiary, directv. the judge says he didn't think te department of justice their burden of proof there, but i think consumersery likely to see a world in which

increasingly the content they watch, the content they crave often is ownedy the same people who deliver it to them. what that means is in many ways an open question, but, for example, we've seen that you can get directv now. this is at&t's streaming rvice, a real-time live video streaming service, and it yoesn't cost against your data cap wheare an an at&t reless subscriber some there may be an incentive for companies to bundle their content assets with the price they control to gettehat cont to consumers. >> nawaz: david, you wrote in your first-up for axios the case could have take an more political turn. w is worth noting thereas a lot of talk about whether or not there was pressure from the white house to bringorard this suit to try to stop this merger. it's no secret that president trump is not a fan of cnn. cnn is ownedrn by time . when he was a prdeintial candidate, mr. trump said he wouldn't allow this merger to go through under his administration. did any of that play a

the case? >> so it played no role really in thcourtroom, because the judge had said that he couldn't access documentshat were k to making the case that the justice department case was politically motivated, but it has absolutely dogged the case. i just came from the press conference with danie petrucelli, who is at&t and time warner's lead litigator, do you think there was pressure here, a he wed that again and again some there is a listening shadowin this case. >> nawaz: david, this is a big week for the internet. not only does ts merger potentially move forward, but the net neutrality rules also expire week. how do both of those things together potentially change the way people get or consume their content? >> so that remains to be seen exactly what it means consumers, but it may foreshadow a world in which fewer companies control e consumer internet experience and there are fewer rules for them to play by.

>> nawaz: david mccabe of axios who has been covering this megamerger deal, thank you for your time. >> thank you for having me. >> woodruff: finally, a newshour shares that caught our eye. it's a video that reminds us of the true meaning of manship. last week, a minnesota high school championship baseball game ended afteritcher ty koehn of the moundsview baseball team struck out his chilood friend, jack kocon, who played for totino grace hh school. the strikeout sent moundsview to the state championship, but instead of celebrating with his teammates, koehn headed to home plate to console his friend. the two are close friends who played baseball together before parting ways earlier in high school. in an interview koehn said, "i knew i had to say something. our friendship is more important

than just the silly outcome of a game." a lesson fora ll of us. anndon the newshour online, our guide to today's party primaries across the country, plus more news as results come in. all that and mre is on our web site, pbs.org/newshour. and that's the newshour for tonight. i'm judy woodruff. join us online and aga here tomorrow evening. for all of us at the pbs newshour, thank you and see you wshour has been provided by: >> consumer cellular. leidos. >> the ford foundation. working with visionaries on the frontlines of social change worldwide. >> carnegie corporation of new york. supporting innovations in education, democratic engagement, and the advancemont of interna peace and security. at carnegie.org.

>> and with the ongoinsesupport of tnstitutions and individuals. >> this program was made possible by thcorporation for public broadcasting. and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. captioning sponsored by newshour productions, llc captioned by media access group at wgbh media access group at wgbh access.wgbhtukufu: this week on history detectives,

what does this scoreard reveal about the desegregation pa of our national ime? wes: what tales does this basket weave of the heroism of an american-indian woman? a jack points t canby and pulls the trigger. gwen: d... man on recording: special agent five... how did this tale of robbery and murder help fbi director j. edgar hoover considate his power? elvis costello: ♪ watchin' the detectiv ♪ i get so angry when the teardrops start ♪ ♪ but he can't be wounded 'cause he's got no heart ♪ ♪ watchin' the detectives ♪ it's just like watchin' the detectives ♪