captioning sponsoredury newsho productions, llc >> woodruff: good evening, i'm judy woodruff. on the newshour tonight, the battle begins: presiderump's pick for the supreme court, judge brt kavanaugh, meets sed tors at the capitol aheaof a contentious nfirmation. then, the trump administration misses the deadline to reunite some separated families and faces more setbacks aftea judge rejects long-term detention of migrant childn. and, going beyond the basics-- as the me-too movement brings the issue of consent to the forefront, schools re-shape their sex education. >> i just think it's really important that people know not only how to be safe like from things like pregnancy and s.t.d.'s but also sort of how to feel empowered to ask for what they want. >> woodruff: all that and more on tonight's pbs newshour

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>> babbel. a language app that terehes -life conversations in a new language, like spanish, french, german, italian, and more. babbel's 10-15 minute lessons are availae as an app, or line. more information on babbel.com. >> and with the ongoing support of these institutions: >> this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting. and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. >> woodruff: the nomination is official, and now, the fight over confirming brett kavanaugh, president trump's nominee to fill the vacancy of anthony kennedy on the supreme court, beitgins. tarted today, with the two sides staking out their ground.

congressional correspondent lisa itdesjardins is at the cap. toeeesjardins: the new nomin began his climb rd confirmation this morning, meeting first with the senate's top republican. >> i think the president made an outstanding nomination, we look forward to the confirmation process. >> desjardins: majority leader mitch mcconnl posed with nederal appeals court judge brett kavanaugh, jby vice president pence. >> members of senate in both political parties, that members of the senate and american people they represent, will see as the president said ge brett kavanaugh is quite simply the most qualified and most deserving nominee. >> desjardins: kavanaugh also met with next most important republican to his fate, judiciary chairman chuck grassley, whose committee will hold confirmation hearings. kavanaugh started as a clerk for the supreme court justice he'dla be rng, anthony kennedy. he also worked for independent counsel kenneth starr,

investigating president clinton. in 2000, he joined george w. bush's legal team in the florida presidential vote recount, and later worked in the bush white house. president bush named him to the d.c. circuit cou of appeals, where he's served since 2006. >> and now, judge, the podium is yours.rd >> dess: last night, president trump introduced kavanaugh as his choice for the high court. >> my judicial philosophy is straightforward. a judge must be independent and must interpret the law, not make the law. >> desjardins: but kavanaugh also h a long paper trail that could decide the confirmation fight. three republicans to watch: maine's susacollins and alaska's lisa murkowski, who want to safeguard "roe v. wade," the decision that legalized aboron rights. and senator rand paul has also criticized bush-erpolicies

championed by kavanaugh. paul tweeted today that he'll meet the nominee with, "an open mind." democrats are mostly united in opposition to kavanaugh. minority leader chuck schumer warned today that he believes the nominee would overturn key precedents. >> president trump repeatedly promised to nominate justices who will overturn rov. wade and undermine health care. >> reporter: senator dianne feinstein followed up, at a rally outside the supreme court. >> his record on the bench in w the bute house and as a republican political operative indicates that if confirmed, he would be among the mos conservative justices in supreme court history. >> desjardins: and hawaii senator mazie hirono said sheug fears how kavamight rule, if the president were charged in the russia probe. si>> at a time when this pnt pushes executive powers to limit, should we have someone on supreme courwho believes there

should be insulation of the president against criminal or civil proceedings? >>esjardins: but three democratic senators are cing r ugh re-election battles in red states, and theivotes may be up for grabs: west virginia's joe manchin, north dakota's heidi heitkamp, lyand indiana's joe donnel all voted for present trump's first supreme court nominee, neil gorch. this time, the senate is even more closely divided.n with jcain fighting brain cancer, republicans have just a 50 to 49 majority. >> woodruff: we'll hear from u.s. senators on both sides of the confirmation fight, after the news summary. in the day's other news, president trump headed to a natt sun brussels, amid rising tensions with europe. he's been criticizing the alliance and the european union over inadequate defense spending and trade policies. and as he left the white house this morning, he didn't let up:

>> we do but we can't be taken advantage of. we're being taken advantage of by the european union. nato has not treated us fairly but i think we'll wo something ou we pay far too much. l they pay far ttle. >> woodruff: in brussels, the head of the european council agreed europe must sore on defense. but he warned president trump tet to take friends for gr especially since he's also with russia's president vladimir putin next week. >> dear america, appreciate your allies. thafter all, you don't hav many. please remember about this tomorrow when we meet at the nato summit. but above all, when you meet president putin in helsinki. it is always worth knowing who is your strategic friend and who is your strategy problem. >>oodruff: mr. trump's wee long trip to europe will also include his first visit to britain as president. from thailand today, good news

that the ordeaof a boys' soccer team is finally over. the last members of the team and their coach were rescued from a flooded cave complex, after 18 days. three thai navy seal divers and hmedic followed them out. we'll have more it was done, later in the program. the death toll from a flood disaster in southwestern japan has reached 155, with scores more still missing. crews in hiroshima today braved scorching heat to continue clearing mud and debris. many evacuees said they don't expect to return home any time soon. >> ( translated ): the , ectricity is out. the water is cut od there is no information there, so i can't go back there even if i wanted to. it seems that there are still people in my area whose bodies havet been found yet. if you think about that, when i compare myselfo other people, we are still the lucky ones. >> woodruff: some 75,000 troops and emergency workers are taking

part in the search and rescue operation. china pushed back today, against president trump's claim that it might be interring in nuclear talks with north korea. the foreign ministryn beijing insisted in a statement that: "china's position on the korean peninsula issue is consistent. china is a trustworthy and responsible power." on wall street, stocks rallied for a fourth straight da the dow jones industrial average gained 143 points to close at 24,919. the nasdaq rose three points, and the s&p 500 added nine. and, the original hand-drawn maw nie the pooh's "hundred acre woods" sold today for $570,000, at a london auction. it's a record for a book illustration. e.h. shepard's 1926 sketchur feates the books' characters and landmarks, including pooh,op christr robin and "eeyore's,"

toomy placemong others. still to come on newshour: senators from both sides of the aisle react to the president's supreme court pick. rulings from federal j complicate the tmp administration's immigration pocies. inside the effort many schools are making to teach consent as pah of sex education, and m more. >> woodruff: now to the already contentious fight over the next supreme court juste. we turn to two members of the senate judiciary committee- who will bdeciding judge kavanaugh's fate. i first spoke with senator orr hatch a republican from utah. senator hatch, welcome to the "newshour". the last justice noinated by president trump neil gorsuch, last year, waconfirmed by the senate, what was it, by a 54 to

45 vote, three democrats in favor. is judge kavanaugh going to have an easier or warder time? l, i think he should have an easier time, but i don't know. it's become such a politicized process by the democrats, i have to sa anden some republicans that who knows. but i hoe that he can get a number of democrats to vote for him because he's just one to m have tst outstanding candidates for the court that could possibly be. >> woodruff: well, the democrats are saying ey plan to go through all of his h writings, something r 3,000 opinions, 300 on the appeals court alone. is that a fair request? >> yeah. yeah, they're entitled to do that. on the other hand, if they ink that he's got to write or should have written what they think he should have written, that's not fair, either, because any two people can look at things a different way.th but i thin democrats, hopefully they will be a little more open to voting for h this

time. >> woodruff: as you know, senator, the democrats are saying they're going to fight this nomination, they're already pointing to their worry and roe v wade, about whether it will be overturned, around particularly they're ng to a decision that judge kavanaugh wrote pretty recently that would not have allowed a young immigrancwoman to acess an abortion. are they right to be concernedt abat? >> no, but the fact of the matter is that seems to be the single sole isue that ey're interested in. i think they have more interests than that, but every timwe get to one of these judgeship nominations, that comes the single, sole issue to democrats. i wished we could move off of that and count on people that we know are honest,ecent, intelligence, and he has all these things, and we know that, yeah, he's ifea difnt party, but the party is now in, majorid he ought to have

support. but, you know, it's gocaen to poliaround here that they even politicize these type of nominations, and that's, i think, wrote. an>> woodruff:ou guarantee democrats, though, senator, that, if jdge kavanaugh is confirmed, that roe v wade would not be overturnel, >> w don't think anybody is going to overturn poe v wade. it's a settledinion that, yeah, a lot of conservatives would like to see overturned, but, actually, he's got bigge fish to fry. he's going to have all he can hand toll handle current cases that come before the court. so i doubt seriously that that's really a legitimate concern. i thinkbe icomes a false concern so that they can vote against people like this good judge and, frankly, i think it's pathetic that one issue likd that wouse an otherwise really outstanding person tove he democrats go against them. >> woodruff: well, the democrats are also talking, senator, about the affordable

care act obamacare. as you know, it's been weakened under the trump ad democrats say they worry that, as issues move up to the supremr that judge kavanaugh would move to weaken it even further. is that what u would expect? >> well, that is one of the most convoluted, huge messes that we've done in recent years. it's going to need a lot of work in the future by both democrats and republicans, if we're going to not bankrupt ourountry. so it becomes an excuse to just tear apart nominee's reputation that i find reall reprehensible. >> woodruff: two other quick things, senator. as you knw, judge kavanaugh wrote a law review article in which he argued prousidents not be subject to indictment, to subpoa, even. are you -- and they look at that as something that would hae -- that president trump would have viewed favorably because of the

investigations that he's dealing with rig now. w do you see that? >> we'll, they're not saying he can't be incited afleer heves office. they're saying, while he's in office, his office should not be interfered with unless there's some really, really bad thing that happens. so i n't know many people who would disagree with what some of the republicans feel in that regard. but i think that's an overblown issue that really shouldn't even be part of this discussion, although i don't blame peoplet for raising if they want to. ab woodruff: senator, finally, are you concernet the handful of republican senators who are said to potentially have some problems withka judgnaugh on a number of issues? susan collins, senator from maine, lisa murkowski from alaska, even rand paul from kentucky.p >> well, that' for the course. i mean, you're always going to have some republicans and mocrats who wish that the judge would meet every standard that tey set, but that's not

realistic, that's not the way the country operates. if we demanded everybody be exactly the way i am, that's not -- that's not right. >> woodruff: but this is so close, you can't afford toose any republicans, can you? >> no, we can't afford to lose any, and i don't thinkill, but you never know. all i can say is that there are a lot of phony issues at co up around these supreme court nominaons,ut in this floor case, i mean, i think they're going to find this man is not only a fine, great man, aoo gd family man and a very intelligent judgebut he can do a very, very good job on the court, and, you know, that's all we can ask for, it seems to me. >> woodruff: senator orrin hatch, thank you very much for joining us.e >> nice toth you, judy. >> woodruff: >> woodruff: now for the democrats' perspective, i'm joined by california senator kamala harris.

judge kavanaugh is called one of the most qualified people ever to be nominated to the supreme court. your vw? well, listen, i would categorize this nomination differently, which is that this is one of thst important positions on the united states supreme court because, of urse, replacing kennedy is about the swing vote on the united states supreme court, and we need to look at what that means in terms of the replement of kennedy issues like choice, affordable carex act, same-rriage, knowing that knedy voted one which, but given kavanaugh's track record, we have reason to believe he would votetl differif these cases and types of cases were presented to him. so i look at it more as the significance of thisioomin for this particular person on that seat and, on that basis, i am opposed to hisan nominatio i am very concerned about what his nomination will mean for future generations on these issues and so many more.

>> woodruff: so you've alrdy decided you will vote against him before any hearing begins? >> you know, listen, i'm going to listen to what he has to say, i am in the possess of reviewing his writings and his backgroundt ms of the decisions he's made and speeches he's given, but oey all lead me t one conclusion is that he does not have the ability to really enforce those words that are inscrib on the building that is the united states supreme court which is equality under the law enforcement i don't believbethat he wilble to fulfill that promise that isde equal justice the law for all people, given his track record. >> woodruff: what speci in his record points you in that direction? >> well, let look at, fr example, what he has done on the issue of choice and woman's right to choose. judy, this i such a fundamental issue. let's put aside the phrase or case roe v wade, let's talk about what it stands fo.

the issue presented is whether government will make -- wheth the united states government will make a decision about whether a person can decide what is done to their body and what happens with their body and replace e government's cision with the decision that that person should be able to have the power to makeout what happens to their body. essentially, that's a fundamental point that's presented with roe v wade,nd seems to believe that the government is in a better position to make a dect ision abat that person does with their body than allowing that person to make the decision about their life, in constation with tir physician, in consultation with their family, inonsultation with their god. he wants to replace government, instead of having that american make their decisiofo themselves and their life, and that is fundamentally flawed, i don't believe. >> odruff: i'm sorry to interrupt. i don't know if you were able to hear senator hatch who preceded

you, but he's sayingoe pretty much -- it's agreement, it's settled law, he the that's what judge kavanaugh believes and, in his wods, quote, nobody thinks that's going to be overturned. >> i don't think we sould parse words. the issue is not only about roe v wade as a case in precedent, it is about everything it stands for in terms of aeeing hat the government should not make those decisions for a woman, that that's a private decision she sh the concern i have about his appointment and him being on the unit states supreme court that we already know that there are probably 20 states that are prepared and have been in the process of restricting a woman's right to make that decision in terms of giving her maningful access to not only reproductive health care but also toan abortion and my concern is that those cases will then be t appealthe united states supreme court and he, being the

swing vote on that court l consistently uphold these restrictions on a woman's meaningful access tood retive care and, in xpfect, then, can overturn roe v wade withoutlicitly overturning roe v wade, in that affirming these state laws, these restrictions on a woman's access to reproductive health care, they will session hi eliminate a woman's ability to have an abortion if sh makes the decision that that is necessary. >> woodruff: so when it comes the that, or you mentioned the affordable care act, you mentioned the same-sex marriage decision, when judge kavanaugh said last night, i make decisions on each case based on that case, i have an open mind,o you're sayinu don't believe that, or explain. >> i believe that he has a track record and a proven track record of not supporting these fundamental rights, such as same-sex marriage.

i believe hisun backg tells us he believes that decisions on marriage and the decision one makes to have a legal relationship with he person they love is not an expression of a fundamental right. ndis is his track record, these are the concerns i have about his background and his philosophy as he approaches these kinds of cases and, in particular, cases that bring up issues of civil rights and equal rights for all people. woodruff: soickly, senator, you've said you pretty much decide you're going to vote against him. do you know yet what you want to ask him at the hearing? >> i will definitely ask him about whether he believes whether roe veade is sttled law. it is also important to know how he feels about issues like same-sex marriage and whether he believes marriage is fundamental right to be guaranteed to all people. again, in terms o just principles of equality and fairness u are questions i have about where he stands on issues lie

discrimination, be it against members of the lgbtq community r or based oce or based on religion. those arserious qustions i have about his perspective and what he is willing to do to uphold, again, those principles that are about equal justice onder the law. >> wodruff: senator kamala harris of california wh is on the judiciary committee, going to be part of the hey, thank you very >> woodruff: for a closer look at how a judge kavanaugh would change the court id,he is confir'm joined by travis lenkner, an attorney who clerked for both justice kennedy and the new nominee. and kristen clarke. she's president of the national lawyers' committee for civil rights under law. welcome both of you to the pra travis linkner, i ieve you heard both senator hatch and harris, they both seem to have made up their minds about juu'e kavanaugh. worked with him, told us you've stayed in touch with him. what do they need to know ab

him that they may not know? >> it hasn't even been 24 ho iu, ope we take a little time to meet the judge as well as the person who hopefully will occupy the seat on the supreme court. what i would say is that the judge has a long record that i know will be studied in the coming weeks, more30 tha0 judicial opinions he's written in more than a dozen years o. the d.rcuit, and what i saw and all us law clerks saw in his chambers was what you mentioned in discussing with senator harris, his approach to ea case as it comes to him and his real integrity in hearing the arguments of all litigants, being fair to them asin considthe law as it comes and meticulously crafting decisions that well and thoroughly explain hisgs rul >> woodruff: kristin clarke, if that's the approach he's going to have, why is there opposition at this point? >> well, i think that these hearings that are about to get underway are incredibly

important, a incredibly important opportunity for the senate and the public to fully understand the record that thebr judggs to bear here. when we look at rulings he's issued in a number ofontexts, i think there's cause for concern. we talked about roe v wade a moment ago. the judge issued a decision that blocked a 20-year-old immigrant woman from having an abortion. he has issued speeches where he's raised questions about restrictions oa woman's right to choose. i think that this is an important area of inquiry for the senate as hearings now commence. we know that this sident said that he wants judges on the .ourt who will overturn roe so it's important for the senate to parse through the judge's a true vied commitment to add hearing to the supreme court's precedent here. >> woodruff: travis lenkner, based on what you know, are those on the other side of thise ar right to be concerned

about what judge kavanaugh might do when it comes to roe and other abortion questions? >> well, i think the judge will have an portunity in the hearing to explain his views of precedent, the princecals of stare decisis, generally. the judge wrote the book on precedent which included not only judgeo grsuch but -- >> woodruff: what does that tell you about roe v wadm >> it tell that the supreme court has a long set of decisionabout how it treats older precedents vs. newer cases and what can be a case for revisiting those. i've certainly never heard hi daveate from those principles and we've seen him as a lower court judge faithfully aly precedent even though he disagreed and we'll have a chance to hear about s fidelity to those views during the hearing. >> woodruff: we heard senator hatch saying he thinks democrats and republicans are overblown in

geeir opinion of what jud kavanaugh has written and the immunity of a president when it comes to subaspoindictments. what's your crew view of that -- what's your view of tha >> i think the suggestion of the president'use of pardon how worse, you know, i think the impact of a president being the subject of an investigation andt now g forth the nominee, these are important questions that loom over the nomination process, and i think it would be important to think about wheth the judge would, if confirmed, need to recuse himself from those cases, if they come before the court. but also know that equally important are the critical civil rights cases that will come before the cort next term. we know on issues, for example, like gerrymandering that have been bounced back to lower courts, these issues will appear before the court in the next and

subsequent term. sounding the jnl's commitment to fairliy and fully eorcing our nation's federal civil rights ws is another ara of edportant inquiry. >> woodruff: ban what you know about the judges opinions, voting rights, civil rights, what do you see. >> voting rights, judge kavanaugh wrote an i want for a three-judge district court upholding a voteride law. the unanimous decision inc add clinton appointee as one of the district judges and the obama department of justice chose not to appeal tto the supreme court. so in that ruling andhe voting rights record of his, you see a careful and nuanced approach to these issues he will have an opportunity to discuss in the hearings. >> woodruff: kristen clarke, will the layers be open to what this judge has to say? >> absolutely. we don'tant sham harings. onm very disturbed by leader

mcconnell's suggeshat there will be a swift confirmation. i think the constitution imposes an obligation, duty, and responsibility on the senate to parse throh caefully and cautiously examine all of the hundreds of rulings that have been issued by the judge during his tenure, and he's also given itnumber of speeches to groups like the he foundation, and the american enterprise institute, that i think provide further opportunities to really understand who he is andhow he'll handle the incredibly important civil rights cases and constitutional questions that come before him. >> woodruff: well, it hasn't even been 24 hou yet. we are early, early in this process and we will continue to look at it. thank you both very much. krten clarke, travis lenkner. >> woodruff: stay with us, coming up on the newshour:pr thident pardons the

controversial cattle ranchers whose imprisonment sparked a tense stand off. and inside the dramatic rescue of twelve boys and their soccer coach after being trapped for over two weeks in a thai cave. the president's policy on how the administration deals with separated families is under serious pressure frocourts right now. in the past 24 hours, two federal judges have ruled it must change the way it is operatinwith these migrant families. yesterday, a judge in los angeles told the department of justice the government could not hold families in custody indefinitely. then today, as amna nawaz tells us, a judge in san diego tol i the governmemust abide by an order to reunite dozens of children with their pares by the end of the day. >> nawaz: u.s. district judge dana sabraw had ordered the trump administraion to reunite nearly 3,000 children. and today he told government

lawyers, "these are firm ."adlines... they're not aspirational goa the judge ordered kids under five to be reunited today. there are more than 100 of them. only four had been reunited by a hearing earlier today. the administration told the judge it on track to reunite just 38 by day's end. the a.c.l.u. brought the lawsuit in san diego prompting this reunification push. lee lernt is the deputy director of its immigrants' rights project and was in court today. for the record, we invited two key departments, homeland security and health and human services, to appear tonight.in outation was declined. lee gelernt, thank you so much for being with us tonight. i want to ask you now, today ish obviousl deadline for kids under five to be reunited, which we know has been missed. we're speaking 6:30 eastern, 3:30 your time on the coast, how many children in that group under age five have been united as onow? >> we're still waiting for an

up-to-the-minute tally. the government today walked into court and promid only 38 would be reunited by the end of the day. that did not sit well with the judge. said, i want all 65 -- 63 families who are eligible for reunification to be reunited by the endf the day and if the government cannot, he wants an explanation in writing on thursday, wants to see us back in court friday and asks us what we leaf do we want from him ife vernment misses the dead will be. so there will be kids reunited today. we hope all 65 will be reubynitd he end of the not look promising, and that's unfortunate. >> the numbers areonfusing. the 102 number wall air chideldn five. but the government whittled that down to those they believe were eligible. they ran background checks on falies and sponsors and found eight parents that had serious

criminal histories that precluded them from being unified with their children. i knaow you're pushing fo faster reunification process but you're not asking them to not make the investigations. >> when kids come and are unaccompanied or some distant relative comes forward and says i'll take th kid, of course you want extensive investigation. this is different. the government forcibly took the children from their parents and we're just asking they be given back to their parents.ll so there e criminal checks and verification of parentage, t all the other steps the governor was taking were not appropriate, those were steps when some distant relative comes forward and they have to fill out a whole sponsorship applications. so individuals were eliminated today based on cminal conviction or other things, but there are a lot of children

under five, little children who have been away from their parents for months and month ant the governaid, well, we're only going to reunite about 38 of them by te end of the day. again, that did not sit well with the judge. he said these are not aspirational, that the government better get it done by o e end of the day and, if they don't, he wants ar more about it thursday and friday. so we have mixed emotions todayr we are tled many of these young children will be reunited, but for this ruling, th woul not have been reunited, but we are deeply concerned all the children won't be reuthnited. other thing is this is just the 100 or so under five. we have 2,000 to 3,000 more children five and older that have not been reunited. that deadline is coming up ceickly july 26. we have real cos the government will meet the deadline. we are pleased that the judgear made clee is going to stay on top to hav the government, hold as many hearings as he needs to, require as many status

reports as he needs to andt that's uately what will be critical in getting the process done. >> recourse, the jinge asked you status hey, what remedy are you seeking. if the government doe't comply, what do you want to see happen? >> yeah, i think, for us, it's a little bit early to figure that without. we're going to wait, talk about it amongst our team and see exactly what the government says about why they missed th deadline, if, in fact, they do miss the dviadline. sly sanctions are one possibility. it may be that the judge has to stay on top of them even more. we're gog to try and figure that out. right now we're just hoping that these refutur reunifications ge. >> you said the govedernment mihe children under five deadline, it will roll on for who knows how long. is it likely they will miss the next one and when can families expect to be unified with the

children? >> what wee hoping for is the government has if figured out a basic process for reunifications. ththe juige made it clear hel stay on top of them. so the rehiunification of cldren five and older, it's hopped that will go better than the process now. we are hopeful. ee will stay on the of th government. we've asked for a list of every irngle child who has been separated from tarents so we can mobilize all thevo volunteers, tes and n.g.o.s and faith-based groups to help. i think it's an enormous task, but, on the other hand, it's a mess the government made, they ally need to fix it. we are more than happy to help in any way we can but the government needs to dedicate as ny resources as they need to to get it done. they cannot have these little children sit for any longer than necessary all by thmselves. >> lee gelernt of the aclu,

thank you for your time. >> thank you. >> nawaz: before we go, an update on sofi, the three-year- old girl whose story we've been following since she was separated from her famafter legally crossing the u.s bordela from mexico month to seek asylum. how does the court order to reunitaffect her? according to what the government s said, it doesn't. sofi, we believe, does not qualify for today's deadline because it only applies to children separated from parents. sofi was brought across by her grandmother, her caregiver and, the family says, her legal guardian in mexico. so sofi's family continues to work through the normalpr reunificatioess, submitting paperwork, undergoing background checks, and waitingfo a fingerprinting appointment, now ten days away. n sofi, meanwhile, remains shelter hundreds of miles away, where she's been for the last 18 days. the family have no timeline for when she'll be reased.

>> woodruff: president trump has pardoned a championship boxer, a conservative former arizona sheriff, a right wing author and others. last month he said, "there will be more pardons coming." today, we found out who he had in mind and it was a controversial decision once again. johnang has the story. >> yang: judy, the pardons went to t oregon cattle ranchers, dwight hammond, and his son, steven.ru they had a loning dispute with the federal bureau of land management over control of inglic properties adjo their ranch and had been convicted of arson on public lands. their case sparked a 41-day occupation of a national toty the white house said t was overzealous and unjust. the case wildlife refuge in early 2016. sparked a 41-day occupation of a the newshour's p.j. tobia isth here to give ucontext.

h, p.j., tell us about who the hammonds are anw they ended up going to prison. >> the hammonds are a cattlen ranchingutheast oregon who fought the government for decades over land use iss, especially using public federal lands that adjoin their own e ivate properties. in 2012 they wenvicted of multiple counts of airens on federahproperty. thmonds say they were light fires to clear brush to prevent bigger fires. the federal government says it was a way to intimidate the federal bureau of landnd managementmposing control on the land on which they sit. one of the blazes turned into a 139-acre wildf he. >> branghaw did this lead to the takeovehin 2018 and te standoff. >> the bundy family fronevada hear about the hammonds problems with the bureau of land management and immediately started their n campaign on social media, that led to a protest on the ground inner, then the bundies called armed

militia to the region, they all took over the wildfire refuge. it was a six-week standoff and dended with a car chase, gun fight and a man killed by oreg state troopers. >> the hig happenethe hammonds o connection to the militia groups. >> if you go to the facebook page to have the militia groups, there is high preys praise for president trump, thank you, prayers answers, and this comes at a time when america is looking for a boogie man. they were energized by president obama who they thought wouldst eal their guns. they love president trump. the advisor has spoken at fundraisers for the bundies and hammonds. however the pardons were meant to be received, they take it as a signal that present trump is still fighting for them and they

want to show they're fighting for president trump. ople who watch these groups like myself are look to see what the next chapter of the fight might be. >> yang: p.j. tobia, thank you very much. >> thanks, john. >> woodruff: now td the daunting credible rescue of a dozen w bo were trapped with their coach in a flooded cave complex e thailand. scue was completed against very difficult odds today, eighteen days after the group was first trapped. it took dozens of divers and hundreds of volunteers from around the world. william brangham will be here in a moment with more about the heroic rescue, but firstthis report from thailand by john irvine of independnet television ws. >> reporter: he was in good hands. thd is the best view we've of any of the courageous 13 and the rescue mission that's captivated the world.

we could make out two drips attached, a neck brace, and a blue hood to protect his eyes from the daylight. with gentle care, medics and soldierstretchered the child to his airlift. the thai army helicopter that had been waiting all day had room for a second boy as well. identified only by their escape numbers, these teammates being flown out of here were 10 and 11. their ability to survive and thh daring of othee saved the lives of the wild boar football team of chiang rai. any lingering fears that the worst might ill happen were nished by the sight of ambulances ferrying 12 and 13. after 18 days, incredibly all were free. at a news conference sooe afterwards, man in charge was plauded by the world's

media. in turn, the regional governor thanked the world for helping make it happen. from the thai divers involved down to ordinary people, this is dcountry relieved, overjo and grateful in equal measure. they spent 10 days alone cut off from an outside world they must have feared would never find them. there were five of the team left to free today. and like those who had gone before, asked to dive for their lives. the back four and their coach never wavere >> brangham: to better understand just what a feat this rescue was, i'm joed now by the "new york times'" john ismay, who wrote about the rescue, but was himself a former diver for the u.s. navy who did deep sea and salvage missions. welcome to the "newshour".

>> thanks for having me. so take me back. when you first heard about these boys being trapped in this cave, being so young, being not able to swim, what was your reaction? >> i thought they were all going to die.ll >>y? absolutely. is that just because you thght there's no way we'll be able to get them out in time? >> yeah, pretty much. if you think about it, what they did was, instead of diving in a trolledhich is safe, con environment, which is where most people do their first scuba dive -- just to learn to do it. exactly, they did it in the most hazardous place imaginable which is a cave. cave diving is so dangerous that no military unit that i'm aware of actively practices that mission. >> they don't even train for ith norisks are so great that the rewards don't outweigh that. >> so what is is it about cave diving in particular that'sth differen, say, the ocean or a lake or what makes it so difficult? >> the biggest tng is you have free access to the surface, so if you get into trouble, if

your equipment malfunctions or if, say, you were i in a panic, whicho happens some people, you just can't dump the weights out of your st and blt to the surface, would kell kill you, but you couill live through it. but in a cave, you just simply have to get outn order to survive. >> because it's a hard rock ceiling and there's no surface whe there is air. >> exactly. can you walk us through as simply as possible how you understand these thai divers got these boys out? >> understanding is the tha navy divers from a thai seal team were able torig a static line along the way that provided some navigational stability for the divers as they made their way through. >> a guide rope from start to end and you pull yourself along by it?el >> absol if you think about it, there's going to be mud and dirt in the cave and when it's filled with water, it becomes mur, low o

zero visibility. even using a powerful flash light, you might not be able to see really at all. i mean, i have been in situations where i've held a lit up to my dive mask and barely seen a glow because it's so murky. really, you're doing everything by touch and feel whh, for military divers, is pretty standard. it's not diving in warm, clear water,he usually thing is cold, murky water for long periods of time.e so theseple were well set up for that. the hard part was getting in and out. for the kids, can i easily rifying.it being ter or they could have seen it as an adventure. eat ware, the hazard was immense and real. it was important thto keee children calm to get them through each stage to have the cave exit. >> it's nice to rept good nes every now and then. >> absolutely. john i ismay of the "new york

times." thank you very much. >> thank you. >> woodruff: the me-too movement has forced a discussion on sexual harassment and consent in the workplace, in hollood, and in the locker room. but what about schools? while colleges have tackled the issue by training students about relationships and consent, those who teach sex ed say it needs to start much earlier. special correspondent lisa stark of our partner "edation week" scvisited a washington d.chool thats committed to comprehensive sexuality education, part of our weekly segment, making the grade. >> what do you think we're going to talk about today? >> sex. (lghter) >> okay, who said sex, excellent! >> reporter: this is sex ed on steroids. yes there's e usual talk of anatomy, safe sex and abstinence, but the key focus- how all this plays out in e real world.

>> okay, so what that like on saturday night, or if you're interested in someone. >> reporter: shafia zaloom has been teaching comprehensive sexuality education for 25 years how many kids are getting this kind of sex education? >> i don't think a whole lot. >> reporter: but there's a big push to change that. >> there are growing allegations of sexual harassment. >> reporter: the uproar over recent cases of sexual harassment and assault, the resulting #metoo movement, has some states and school districtg rethinheir sex ed curriculum to include healthy relationships, preventingri violence, en consent. >> there is a need for there to be conversations and education around. all the different ways culture influences our relationships and the social t dynamit may lead to harassment or assault. >> reporter: senior tyce christian agrees. >> we have book on healing. >> reporter: she's worked to ltlp victims of sexual assault. >> most sexual ass especially in high school, are by people that you kno people

that you see everyday and i think it's one of the reasons why we need to talk about consent and healthy relationships because it helps rece sexual assault. >> reporter: christian attends georgetown day high school, a onivate school in washingt d.c. that my children attended. the school brought in shafia zaloom for a week of sexuality education, much of it focusing on consent; how to know if someone is agreeing, or not agreeing, to intimacy. . c sent is what makes sex legal. it protects the fundamentals of human decency, which of course is essential- >> reporter: zaloom, a san francisco-based educator who teaches around the country, puts it in language anyone can understand. >> how many of you like french fries? t your hands up high fries lovers. >> rorter: okay she says, wh if you sit down at a lunch table with your french fries and friends just start grabbing them. y >> how many are actually okay with that? >> even if i don't want all the'

fries,just the principal-- the fact that they think they can take my fries >> yeah. >> when i bought them. i mean, in general, people who respect you enough to ask, are people you want to share with.ow >>ow does this actually relate to sexuality? not to minize the topic of consent with fires, but what belongs to you, your body, people's bodies, belong to them. they get to choose how they touch and get touched, because their bodies belong to them. >> reporter: zaloom uses movie clips to help teens figure out what consent should look and sound like. >> was it consensual? okay. how did you know? >> he asked what she wanted to do beforehand. >> asked what she wanted to do beforehand. how do you want to be, right? >> reporter: and if it's not consensual. s you have every right that in that moment to say you know what, this doesn't feel so right, i want to stop. and that no one should every have to engage ia sexual

experience that they don't feel comfortable in or that they're coerced into. that we have the right to change our minds. >> reporter: these can be tough subjects to talk about, but students like logan mcdermott- mostowy are thankful for the 'sscussion. >> i just think eally important that people know not only how to be safe like fromin like pregnancy and s.t.d.'s but also sort of how to feel empowered to ask for whatth they want sexual relationships and just have good relationships. ve reporter: sex education is required in justhalf the states and washington, d.c. at that includes varies widely. >> it's a patchwork of laws right now, andhat is really challenging. >> reporter: chitra panjabi is loesident and c.e.o. of a group that helped deved theex nationallity education standards, which any school can utilize. >> they have standards are comprehensive in that they include things like anatomy and physlogy, pregnancy and reproduction, and healthy relationships. >> reporter: but most districts aren't using the standards, or

teaching the sex ecation topics, 19 in all, recommended by the centers for disease control. just 38% of high schoolers and 14% of mide school students nationwide are getting this education. everything from information on sexually transmitted diseases and contraception to decision- making skills. >> we're still not reaching as many young people as we could bg reacnd quite frankly, as we should be reaching. >> with their consent, there's nothing ong with it. >> reporter: that is especially true when it comes to young men. >> this is an issue that disproportionately affects women, but men are disproportionately the perpetrators, men have to be involved in the conversationr: >> reporacob gaba and alex thompson are working to make that happen. >> so we're going to be talking about what happens ansdances, how t applies or doesn't apply.he >> reporter: tve formed a group at georgetown day called boys leading boys. moat lunch meetings twice h,

the discussion focuses on male culture and how guys can help fight sexual harassment d assault. >> we're kind of trying to start to hold ourselves d other young men and adults accountable for their actions and to teach each other how to hold their peers countable. >> reporter: today, the talk is about what's called "grinding"-- gncing with bodies up close. how to make sure tl is okay with that. >> it's a tough space to communicate in right, 's dark, there's lots of loud music. >> i think like just and easy tap on the shoulder, and like, you good, give her a thumbs up. >> reporter: and what if you see another gubehaving badly? what would you guys do to intervene in that situation? >> i just sort of got his attention and pulled him to the side and s about something else. >> awesome.ep >>ter: it's not easy to change centuries of common behavior. any pushback from male students here, like give me a break?

>> sometimes someone will say, so what's such a big deal, you're so so, why is it such a big deal. guys want to be masculine. >> reporter: schools are often where attitudes about how men and women behave, get learned, and reinforced. it's one of the reasons zaloomve and others belhis is the right place to educate teens on consent and healthy relationships. >> i want to encourage you when it comes to your relceionship prachat there be respect, empathy and dignity.he >> i thinkore we know, the more we know and the less confusion there is. gray areas the are, the easier it will be to navigate these situations when we face them later in life, in college and beyond. >> reporter: situations brought intohe open with the #metoo movement, and that some hope can be prevented with education like this. >> a sense of self worth. absolutely. >> reporter: for "education week" and the pbs newshour, i'm lisa stark in washington, d.c.

>> woodruff: and that'orthe newshouronight. i'm judy woodruff. join us online and again here tomorrow evening. for all of us at the pbs newshour, thank you and see you soon. >> major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by: >> babbel. a language app that teaches real-life conversations in a new language, like spanish, french, >> the ford foundation. working with visionan the frontlines of social change worldwide. >> carnegie corporation of new york. supporting innovations in education, democratic engagement, and the advancementp of internationce and security. at carnegie.org.

>> and with the ongoing support of these institutions and individuals. >> this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting. and by contributions to your pbs station from viewe like you. thank you. captioning sponsored by newshour productions, llc captioned by media access group at wgbh access.wgbh.org di

>> f for "new scandinanavian cooking" is made possible by the following... and seafood from norway. ♪ ♪ ♪ >> ekstedt: welcome to southern norway and ostfold. this region is famous for its amazing products, and that's what i'm going to explore in this program. i'm niklas ekstedt. welcome to "new scandinavian cooking." ♪ ♪