captioning sponsored by newshour productions, llc >> woodruff: good evening, i'm judy woodruff. on the newshour tonight... i accept our intelligen community's conclusion that russian meling in the 2016 election took plac >> woodruff: an about face: president trump tries toontain the fallout from his statements supporting vladimir putin. we get reaction, including from former secretary of state s deline albright. then, puerto ricctor shortage. after scramble to find medical care while more pediatricians leave re island. and, theing popularity of vaping in schools. ra cigarette smoking goes out of fashion, the newice of so-called "juuling" takes its place. >> i ask the question, raise

your hand if you know e your own age that smokes cigarettes. very rarely do i get more than five. and then i ask the same aestion, "do you know someone your age that usuul or a vape," almost every single hand goes up. >> woodruff: all that and more on tonight's p newshour. or funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by: >> knowledge, it's where innovation bleins. it's whas us to discovery and motivates us to succeed. it's why we ask the tough questions and what leads us to the aners. at leidos, we'retanding behind those working to improve the world's health, safety, and efficiency. inidos.

>> k >> kevin! >> kevin. >> advice for life. life well-planned. learn more at raymondjames.com. >> babbel. a langua app that teaches real-life conversations in a new language. language, like spanish, french, german, italian, and m babbel's 10-15 minute lessons are available as an app, or online. more information on babbel.com. >> and with the ongoing support of these institutions: >> this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting. and by contributions to your pbs station from viewersike you. thank you.

>> woodruff: one day later, president trump is home from helsinki, and he's backtracking. he returned ovnight, to face blistering critiques from both parties of his summit with russia's president pin. >> i have to say i came back and said what is going on, whas the big deal? >> woodruff: the president was s damage-control mode this afternoon, afttorm over his statements in helsinki. yesterday, he appeared to take vladimir putin's word for it, erthat moscow did not intein the 2016 u.s. presidential d ection. >> he just saiit's not russia. wowill say this: i don't see any reason why id be. >> woodruff: today, he said the opposite: >> it should have been obvious, i thought it would be obvious but i would like to clarify in case it wasn't. t a key sentence in my remarks i sa word "would" instead of "wouldn't."

the sentens should have been i don't see any reason why i wouldn't or why it wouldn't be russia. sort of a double negative. ha woodruff: in helsinki, mr. trumalso dismissed u.s. intelligence findings of russian involvemenhe election. today, he insisted he has "great" confidence in theom intelligencenity. >> let me be totally clear in saying that, and i've said this many times, i accept our intelligence community's linclusion that russia's me in the 2016 election took place. druff: earlier, in tweet mr. trump blamed the news media for the bipartisan shellacking he's taken. he also blamed special couns robert mueller's investigation r hurting u.s./russian relations. before leaving helsinki, he returned to the theme.he

>>y drove a phony wedge. it's a phony witch hunt, rigged deal. >> woodruff: just last friday, mueller indicted 12 russian officials for election cyber- attacks. putin, in his own interview, declined to accept a copy of the indictment defend the hacking of democratic party e-mails. >> but mr. president, may i just so are y saying it's okay because of the fact that they it was their real e-mails, so it's ok to hack and spread this information out and interfere with the election? >> ( translat ): listen to me, please. the information that i am aware of, there's nothing fa.e about every single grain of it is true id the democratic leadership admitt >> woodruff: today, moscow announced item ready to imt new agreements on boosting collaboration with the u.s. military in syria, and on t.tending a nuclear arms p and, russian reports voiced sympathy for mr. trump. but, in the hours before the president spoke today, the

criticism continued, from the likes of house speaker paul ryan: >> vladimir putidoes not share our interests, vladimir putin does not share our values. we just conducted a year-long investigation into russia's interference in our elections. they did interfere in our elections, it's really clear,e there should b doubt about that. >> woodruff: senate republican leader mitch mcconnellececlined to dy criticize the president. instead, he tried to reassure europe. >> we believe the e.u. countries are our friends and the russians are not. >>we understand the russia threat a i think that is the widespread view here in the u.s. senate among members of both paies. >> woodruff: fellow republican susan collins of maine did take on mr. trump, over his initial ndissal of u.s. intelligence gs.

t i remain astonished that the presiduld choose to believe the assertions by president putin over the unanimous conclusions of his own u.s. intelligence leaders and >> woodruff: some republicans e president's defense, at least partially. texas senator john cornyn said he understands how the special counsel'investigation of the trump campaign's contacts with russians has affected the president. >> that's what i think got the president so spun up is because ls like this is an attac on him personally and i wish we could separate those two. >> woodruff: democrats sound a darker note. senate minority leader chuck schumer: on so many americans are going to continue tor does president putin have something over president trump that makes the president behave in such a way that hurts our country? >> woodruff: other democrats

demanded that more republicans speak out, more forcefully. >> why do so many of my republican colleagues remain silent in light of president trump's open denial of the reality of the russian involvement in our election. >> woodruff: house minority leader nancy pelosi warned ote russian erence in this year's mid-term elections. >> the president gave green crght to continue to attack our dey, to the russians. >> woodruff: but republican senator bob corker, who chairs the foreign relations committee, suggested ngress may need to take some new action. that could take the form of additional sanctions on the russians. as for reaction in europe, the office of british primminister theresa may said today she does not think the trump-putin summit undermined the trans-atlantic alliance. but, a german member of the european pliament had a doleful assessment.

he said, "we europeans must take our fate in our own hands." for more on the fallout from president trump's meeting with vladimir putin, i'm joined by "washington post" reporter carol leonnig. carol, welcome back to the "newshour". what sort of reaction has the white house been seeing and hearing, especially from what's coming through to them? >> well, i think susan collins actually captured the word, astonishment, quiet-faced, red-faced astonishment, and in the case of mitch mcconnell, swallowing your togue astonishment where people are not coming out and complaining directly aut the president, but some are very concerned ebout what has transpired here because olden standard for u.s. foreign policy has always been that we would keep our partisan differences, we would keep our conurerns about internal political affairs on these shores, we would not

attack one another on foreisogn , and here the president has cone done just that with a long-time foreign adversary at his side, who he sided with. but i would add, also, judy, that it's not just republicans who are being asked for their opinion or opely questioning, as paul ryan did, the president's handling of this matter. inside the white house there is great consternation about it. we have been hearing about it for the last 24 hours, because this didnt go exacly according to the staff's hopes and witches. >> woodruff: your colleagues wrote in "the post" todathat they prepared a lot of briefing material for the te isdent, but what you w he ignored most of it. >> yes. this was supposed to be short and not sweet, but srt and tough. a quick meeting, a quick news conference, the briefing materials which numbered up to 100 pages and possibly more

outlined all of the ways to t president that russia has acted against u. interests. its damaging role in syri its historic efforts against u.s. interests and, yet, the president wasn't able to mention any of thosein tgs. he was mostly able to focus on his long-stated and ndblicly-stated desire to be friewith vladimir putin. th so did they believe, with today's -- wha president called clarification,hat this is going to settle down? >> i think there are a lot of fingers crosd behind backs, yes. however, in a way, the damage has been done european allies are likely not really believing that the president twice mist he couldn't imagine that the russians would interfere in our election.

>> woodruff: rems rkable 48 hoking yesterday and today together and, in fact, more than that, going back over the entire trip. carol leonnig of "the washington post," thank you. >> thank you. >> woodruff: we'll hear from former secretary of state madeleine albright, the news summary. in the day's other news, the european court of human rights ruled russia was wrong to jail members of the group pussy riot for a protest in 2012. the court ordered the putin government to pay nearly $50,000 to the protesters, who spent two years in prison. pussy riot activists staged their most recent protest at sunday's world cup final, when four members ran onto the playing field. trrmer president obama rebuked presidenp today, without ever naming him. ne. obama delivered a major address in johurg, south africa, and condemned what he called a "politics of fear and resentment" used by "strongmen" leaders.

a warned against propagan false claims, sometimes from the mouths of leaders themselves. >> we see the utter loss of same among political lead where they're caught in a lie and they just double down and itey lie some more. sed... look, let me say politicians have always lied but it used to be if you caught them lying, they'd be like, "oh man." now they just keep on >> woodruff: in the end, the former president did offer words of hope, saying: "we'v through darker times. we've been through lower valleys." in nicaragua, the government intensified its assault on political opponents today. police and armed supporters tacked a neighborhood in masaya, that's become a center si resistance. protests against pnt daniel ortega's plan to cut pension benefits broke out in apl. since then, some 280 people have died in a government crackdown.

japan and the european union have signed a landmark trade deal. the pact will do away with nearly all tariffs between them, and create the world's largest open area for trade. they made it official today during a cemony in tokyo. the european council's president said it's a counter to president trump's protectionist trade policies. >> we are sending a clear message that you can count on ab. we are predi, both japan and the e.u., predictable, responsible, and will continue defending a world order based on rules, on freedom, on transparency and common sense. >> woodruff: the e.u./japanese trade deal will cover a third of the global economy and roughly 600 million people. back in this country, federal reserve chairman jerome powell told congress today he expects to keep raising interest rates, gradually. he said the fed anticipates the

job market will stay strong and inflation will hover near 2%or the next few years. and, he said, it's a balancing act. >> on the one hand, raising interest rates too slowly may lead to high inflation or financial market excesses. on the other hand, if we raise rates too radly, the economy uld weaken and inflation could run persistently below our objective. >> woodruff: powell declined to comment directly opotential effects of president trump's tariffs on foreign goods. instead, he said couries that are open to trade tend to have ster growth, whereas tho with protectionist policies fare worse. and on wall street, the dow jones industrial average gained 55 points to close near 25,120. the nasdaq rose 49 points, and the s&p 500 added 11. come on the newshour: former secretary of state madeleine albright on president trump's meing with president putin. a doctor shortage in hurricane-

ravaged puerto rico. the popular new way teagers are vaping with e-cigarettes, and more. >> woodruff: we take a closer look now at president trump's meeting with vladimir putin with a woman who has extensive experience dealing with the russian government. madeleine albright served as secretary of state during the clinton administration. her latest book "fascism: a isrning" is on the "new york times" best seller we spoke a short time ago and i began by asking if she understands mr. trump's position toward russia, given today's statements. >> no, i'm definitely not clear because i think that he tried to explain that thiswas just leaving out an n apostrophe t,th but nk, basically, it's

unclear about how he belie how he feels about russia, period, in terms of how to deal with them, how he distinguishes the fact that the n.a.t.o. allies are foes and that trump believes, i think, thatussi is his friend and only cares about collusion becaushe's so uncertain about his own victory. c woodruff: on the question lusion, and there is no ncoof that there was yet, but we know the intellicommunity has concluded that russians interfered. the president also said today he now has full faih and support in u.s. intelligence agencies after casting doubt on their work. i mean, this appears to be another reversa what do you make of that? >> i think he he must think we're genuinely stupid because, if one watched what he was doing in his press conference, he ma ch quite clear that he was believing putin ore than his own people, that he had a --

he was unclear about what his agenda was, period, and then just trying to persuade us that there was ju ot a coupf letters missing. i just find it very strange that he has so little understanding of the fact of how he is coming across to the people of the united states and to people in other countries because he believes that he's so persuasive, and i think that he's so unclear and is only interested in superlatives. that's all he ever speaks in are superlatives and i think he may get his wish and go down in history as theeast democratic president we've had. >> woodruff: strong language. so if youake all together, secretary albright, what the prtident said today with w we've heard in the last few days, the n.a.t.o. meeting, the trip to britain, the meetings with theresa may and tthe the meeting with vladimir putin, what does it add u t >> i think it adds up to total confusion about what the re of

the united states is in this part of the 21st century, what our relationship is with our allies, and we're the most powerful military alliance in the history of the world. how we feel about what is goings on withia and what we think is the international system at oint. i have just been in europe for quite a long time, a couple of weeks, and our allies and friends are completely confused and want to know what those of us who aren't in the government anore can explain to them about what's going on, and it's very, very hard to expla, frankly. >> woodruff: what are the practical effects of this, though? we know the attitgaes are ve there's a lot of criticism of the president, but what does that translate into for ordinary americans who are watching all of this? >> well, for ordinary americans, i think it rely putso doubt as to what the strength of amera is. i hav always believed that our strength is not only our value and our diversity, but also the multiplier effect of

having me anies than anybody. so that brings that question into mind. then i also think that what itdo ha in terms of our allies, frankly, this super political president has forgotten that those countries also hae political issues, and they have to try to explain why they are paying at all into a an alliance where it is unclear what america's role is, so they're tolooking for other waysave a defense system and how to operate. so i can tell you, they're all trying to figure out what their next steps are. >> woodruff: but the president is taking credit for getting them to puton billiof dollars more into their own military, into their own defense. does that not add up to at least a fairer equation for the support, the military support of n.a.t.o.? >> well, i think other vesidents have talked about it, and i think itry important for our n.a.t.o. allies to pay up, but just the tone of it, you

know, he had kind of bullied them into something, then he takes credit for it and, later, president macron ofe francnd of indicated the move was not itactly the way trump described so i think it's just put doubt in his words, and the fact that, today, he had to clarify one word just really underlines the fact that people don't know what he's saying and why he's saying it. >> woodruf meanwhile, the russian military leadership, the defense ministry there is saying they're ready to what they say, augment, i the u.s. over cooperation with syria, number one and, number two, extending the start strategic arms negotiations. could those all bear fruit which would make this have a silver lining, something positive come out of it? >> first, we don't know what i happenthe two hours that the leaders met without anybody, but i do think -- i hope that there are talks now about

nuclear issues. that has been missing and i think it's very impornt meanwhile, both countries are building up their nuclear arsenals when th should be trying to figure out how to control them. do i think, also, syria is one of the great tragedies, and if something can be done for humanitarian reasons and stability, i hope that is done, but you can't just say that the other things that happened have no importance. aimean, there are a number of things that were that i think really make us wonder what his role is with thrussians and, frankly, what the russians expect out of him. i have said, now, that trump is ohe gift that keeps on giving t putin. >> woodruff: what do you mean hi that when you say that? >> well, i that what i believe is that president putin has a plan to separate us from our allies to undermine democracy and to regain influence in the middle east and, frankly, the way that president trump deals with him is he is fulfilling some of

president putin's plans to divide us from our allies, and, so, we can't tell, whe they talk about are they going to do more on nuclear or are they going to do more on syria, what really lies behind that relationship of who is giving what to whom. president putin is a k.g.b. agent and he's verymart and he has played a weak hand well, and i believe that president trump is playing into that plan either on purpose or byen accid but he is helping putin get further in his plan to divide us froms. our alli >> woodruff: i've known you, secretary albright, for a number of years. you have worked in the government going back to the carter administration and, over that time, you've seen the ups and downs of america's rolein the world, american diplomacy. hi you see what's going on right now as some that can be fixed, that there's no doubt in yo mind that the u.s. comes out of this and comes out of it

stronger? or are you worried permanent, lasting damage has been done? >> i am concerned about elastic damage. i think it's iortant for those of us who continue to have informal contacts and the forming ones that members of congress have can show that t want tooes in f have a some kind of functional international system. we don't have to boss everyone around, but we believee are better off with partners. but i am nervous that, the longer this goes on, that it's harder to fix and that the allies will take different roads and decide we are notpe able. some of them said they weren't sure they could count on the u.s. anymore, athat's the basis of the relationship we've had since the e of world war ii. >> woodruff: former secretary ofwestate madeline albright thank you. >> thank you, judy. >> woodruff: we turn now to capitol hill. some republicans were quick to umstance themselves from president yesterday, amid fallout over his controversial

meeting with vladmir putin. i'm joined now by one of those lawmakers, representative will hurd from texas. he serves on the house intelligence committee and previously worked at the c.i.a. coryressman hurd, thank you much for being back on the program. we just heard former secre albright say that she believes that either wittingly or n president trump is playing into the hands of vladimir putin, striking similar to what you said yesterday. you made a statement, you said you never thought tpresident of the united states would be played by an old k.g.b. hand. are you convinced now that's what's going on? >> well, i'm convinced that what happened in helsin actually a part of a disinformation campaign by vladimir putin. the goal was to make some of these outrageous claims and to have the leader of the free world standing next to him and t respond. i think that's going to

ultimately be the sting impact. e cretary albright said, look, s secretary of state for a reason. the fact that the u.s. has always had more friends, and now that we are in a position where our friends have been doubting us and questioning, when the head of our country says one thing, and thenas to step it back, what actually does that really mean, and where a our various alliances and relationshipsn gg? bilateral relationships between two countries are just liketw relationships n people. you have to spend time, energy and effort in cultivang at and, when there's misunderstandings, that could potentially lead to irreparable damage, and that's one of the doncerns i know our allies many in washington, d.c. have. >> woodruff: one of the questions i asked her i ts what dos mean for ordinary americans, what could the practical effect of that fraying of the relatiohip between the u.s. and its allies and a closer

maybe usationship with russiaer mean r?elir >> well, and foremost, let me get very specific to my district. i represent the eagleford and the permian basi. these are fueling the energy renaissance in the united states and it's allowing -- is going to ultimately allow the united states to be a net exporter of energy. this should have been a topic that got brought up becau know the russians are trying to hack in energy companies. that's going to have an impac on our economy, that's going to have an impact on the european company. a lot of people don't necessarily understand why is .a.t.o. important. n.a.t.o. isimportant because it's created 70 years of peace and prosperity in europe, and europe has never had 70 years of peace and prosperity. why is that important to us? because that grew their economy. that grew -- you know, the people in europe wanting to buy product from america, that allowed us to grow our economy by having such a large trading

partner and n.a.t.o. has been very important to that. what vladimir putin is trying to do is reestablish the territorial integrity u.s.s.r., and what's prev him from doing that is n.a.t.o. and the united states. he knows he can't win a direct islitary conflict with us, he knows his econom not strong enough to do toe to toe with the united states, so he has to result to asymmetrical warfarme, ing getting involved in our elections, creating disco, causing americans to trust their democratic insttution and discord. that's what he's been able to do and vladimir putins driving a weate between the united es and our allies in europe, particularly the allies that are the backb.oone of n.a.t. so this is his angle because he wants to be able to ve diplomatic veto and economic veto, political veto over those

countries in eastern europe. putin -- people think of him as a global player. ithink of him as a regional spoiler, trying act those economies and countries in their orbit. so all of thill have an llpact on us because this will potentimpact our economy and also is a national security concern. >> bringing this back to congress s republicator bob corker of tennessee said today that he thinks the dam is broken in terms of republican members of congress nowbeing willing to speak openly about their concerns with president trump. do you agree, has the dam br>>en? think only time will tell. you know, i've always lived my life by bei honest. i agree when i agree, and when disagreed, i did that under the previous administration, i'llng continue dhat here. many of my actions and behaviors are based on my nine and a half years as an undercover officer. i chase rrorists all the over the world and dealt with russian intelligence officers throughout my career.

in my time in congress i'm working with allies that have to deal with the russican mene every day and more independent natalie, face to face than we do here in the united states, and it's important for congress to continue ouigr overs rule. it's important for congress to enntinue to fund our intell and military community who are making sure they they are collecting intelligence on and preventing attacks from our advesaries like russia. we've got to continue to make sure that we're doing oversight of these agencies, that they're kning allowed to do their job, because one thing about the men and women in the c.i.a., regrdless of what's happening here in washington, d.c. and the political environment, they will go out and putthemselves in harm's way and do their job, and that is to be the collectors of last resort and make sure we understand what's really happening and understand the threats to our nation and,co so ress needs to make sure we're continuingo support that that, and continue to support our allies like ukraine. >> woodruff: you and

congressman o'rorkue from college of pennsylvania allegheny. thank you. >> woodruff: hricane season is derway in puerto rico, but daily life is still precarious for many after hurricane maria's widespread destruction last september. till a challenge to find doctor on the island. physiciansere already fleeing after a financial crisis began a decade ago, and last year's storm has fueledhe exodus. as special correspondent sarah asvarney reports, the toll been devastating. e 's the second of two stories about health c the island produced in collaboration with our partner, kaiser health news. >> reporter: every three hours, janisse alicea prepares two

bottles of ensure for her daughters, patricia and natalia. the girls were born with a dirc genesorder and microcephaly. they once attended school and birthday pares and smiled brightly. >> ( translated ): so, here is natalia at school. ayrticipating and in the df triumph and field day. >> reporter: but now at 16 and 21, the disease has progressed led their bodies are fragind misshapen. ventilators help them breathe and scoliosis makes it difficult to move them. alicea and her daughters waited out hurricane maria here in oance, a city on the island's southern cst. but the chaotic aftermath put patricia and natalia in grave danger. >> ( translated ): we didn't etve power, we didn't have water, we couldn'tnough ensure. it was very hot, they were crying all the time, couldn't fall asleep. ey had convulsions. >> reporter: the family fled on a humanitarian flight and

eventually ended up with relatives in south carolina. alicea and her two daughters returned home in march. since then, she has struggled to find doctors who can treat them. >> ( translated ): we need pediatricians, we need neurologists, and we need genetists. before, we were able to get to e.me doctors, but now it has been impossi we can't get them to come here. and their condition is degenerative, so they get worse and worse. so, i need to know what, as a mother, can i do for them? >> reporter: alicea says her daughters recently started getting bedsores. they're in pain, she says, and haven't seen a doctorince they returned to puerto rico. physicians are in short supply here. dr. jose cruz, a pediatrician, says the island's ongoing financial crisis and low payments from health insurers drove many physicians to seek work in the states.

and cruz says the hurr badly damaged doctors' offices, e'quiring costly repairs. >> so tha lot of money heat the pediatrician lost, and they just madeecision and 06ft, left to united states. >> reporter: from o 2016, the number of doctors here declined from 14,000 to 9,000. families who lost their doctors are fiing up waiting rooms, like here at a varmed pediatric clinic in bayamón, aanuburb of san physicians say running a medical practice is a losi business in puerto rico. an san jorge children's hospital in suan, a pediatrician earning about $89,000 a year can his salary just by movi to the states. the low salaries reflect the island's widespread poverty. nearly two odr of three ch, and half of all puerto ricans, rely on medicaid and the territory receives far less money from congress than poor states to pay doctors. with so many pediatricians and

other doctors leaving the isesnd, many low-income fami here must travel long distances for mecal appointments. and they can wait for months to seecialists. sara pallone braves the san juan traffic with her son thiago, who was born with severe low muscle tone. a she drives an hour each way to centro medico, san juan's public spital, for her son's y'untless appointments. sdas visit to a neonatologist was originaleduled for last september. but since the hurricane, it has taken eight and a halfs to reschedule. the family scrambled for safety during the storm. they were turned away from two spitals and a storm shelter that didn't have a generator to power thiago's oxygen machine thate needs nearly all the time. >> ( translated ): we were five edys without oxygen, and the baby staoing very poorly so we had to get him right to we medical center. whwere there, the generator broke down, so we

couldn't get the oxygen there either, and instead of trying to transfer him from hospital to hospital they sent us home. >> reporter: but surviving the hurricane was just the first hurdle. >> ( translated and when the hurricane came, all of the appointments were canceled without warning. many of the doctors didn't communicate with us to tell us they were cancelled. we felabandoned, like my son's life wasn't worth it. >> reporter: that sense of abandonment is pervasive in the island's central mountains. telephone and power lines are still being restored. cables dangle from trees, roads remain badly damaged and power goes off and on. all of that has made it difficult to get medical care for even basic needs, like the flu or vaccinations. at salud integral en la montaña, a community clinic in orocovis, the lack of electricity and

refrigeration ruined t supply ik vaccines. some children, ltanya burgos, missed their vaccinations for months after the storm. but it's not only physical health challenges. dr. nelson almodovar, a pediatrician at the clinic, says children, like four year-old re stilluz ortiz showing signs of trauma from hurricane maria. he's anxious and refes to vaeep alone and dr. almodo wants him to see a psychologist. those added demands for care combined with the shortage of doctors makes staffing this operation difficult. gloria amador runs seven clinics and four emergency rooms in this remote region. she says while it's to get specialists to come here, she has many vacancies for primary care doctors as well. >> we have 24 vacancies right now. it's very difficult for us to have such a huge system, without having primary care doctors. so right now, people's lives

have been impacted, because of the long time they have to wait. >> reporter: back in ponce, jeann cruz and edgardo rivera say the scramble for doctors has added to the stress of being first-time parents. they would like their son, six- week-old, jaxx to see a pediatric gastroenterologist to e treat his reflux, but the only two in ponce and the wait is months long.y still, te undaunted by the island's challenges and by the hew hurricane season underway. >>'s going to be many hurricanes. come at us. let them come. because we're going to stay here. >> reporter: so they're heading he island to san juan to find a doctor there. for the pbs newshour aaiser health news, i'm sarah varney in ponce, puerto ri. >> woodruff: now, new details o out alleged sexual misconduct

by a cardinal s a power broker within the church. cardinal theodore mccarrick was removed from public ministry last month, making him the highest ranking catholic official in the u.s. to be removed for sexual abuse of a minor. as john yang tells us, a new investigation finds other offenses and church officials allegedly covered them up for decades. >> yang: cardinal mccarrick was long one of the most recognized faces of the u.s. catholic church. he led the archdiocese of washington, d.c. and participated in funeral mass for rrnator edward kennedy. mccaick became an influential voice at the vatican and was among the cardinals that elected pope benedict xvi. hi the early 2000s, pope john seul ii asketo help manage the devastating xual abuse crisis. he was one of the drafrs ofth charter for protecting hoildren that was adopted by

american b in 2002. >> now, i think when you look at zero tolerance, i'm saying this, other bishops aren't, i'm saying zero tolance prospectively, everybody is on the same page, if this ever happens again that's it. >> yang: mccarrick was the public face when the u.s. council of bishops issued its bcport about decades of abuse by priests, here on "meet the press." >> do you believe there's a special place in hell for men k?o represent christ on earth and abuse their fl >> there's certainly a terrible e dgement on someone who would abuse thust that a priest must have, that a priest does have. >> yang: but mccarrick's own h havior became the focus last moen he was removed from ministry. the archdiocese of new york said an accusatn that he had o lested a 16-year-old alter boy nearly 50 years s credible. mccarrick said he didn't recall now, there are more allegations. the "new york times" reports that beginning in the 1980s, mccarrick, then a new jersey

bishop, inappropriately touched young adult seminarians. the newspaper said church officials knewf the legations as he rose in the church hierarchy. mecarrick declined to comment to the the reverend james martin is a jesuit priest and editor at large of the jesuit magazine, "america." father martin, thanks for being with us. the "new york times" rd that the first documentation they see of a complaint that the caolic church was aware of, church officials were aware of was in 1994. gations haveese alle been around for so long and yet cardinal mccarrick rise in the church hierahy? >> that's a good question. i think you're talking about the allegations of him toward seminaries and priests. i think priests were embarrassed to come forward and former seminarians embarrassed to come forward. it is shocking thelegations have been around for so long. it's pretty mystifying.

>> let me ask you about the difference between the swift acon once the archdiocese of rew york deemedible the allegations of abusing an altar boy many years ago and the slow ornaction on allegation about adult seminarians. >> i'm not a lawyer but i think one is techically illegal,ates crime, and i think that sort of puts into place the refor the dallas charter where the person is immediately removed. and i supposehese other accusations took a while to be unearthed. wh happens in terms of the dallas charter is once there is any credible accus cation ofld abuse you are immediately taken from ministry. there's no questions asked. >> what's the church's attitude or how do they view allegations about adults? >> well, it's a very serious matter. it's not only a grave crime against sobody's person, right, it's an abuse, an emotional abuse, sometimes a physical abuse, it's also sinful

and it's also breaking the promise of celibacy that you have as a priest. so, in multiple ways, it's wrong. >> father, one of the targets of cardinal m l11 carrick told the "times" that in the corporate world there's a human resources rontact, he says does the catholic ch have that? row is a priest supposed to report abuse org activity by his bishop? what is their stetted vehic for anyone to do that? should there be a vehicle:the catholic church for that? >> well, that was part of the problem. the bishop is the highest, an archbishop and cardinal are on the top of then food chaind it's hard to level an asization against that person. the enunsio at the vatican in the united states is the one you could go to.y father ramd go to the w nunsio as ignored or the nunsio didn't believe him and thatrocess failed.

>> i think one of the reasons so many are surprised by these allegations is he s so out front on the abuse scandal against children, and ys this going on or at least the allegations were there against him. hawhat do you make of >> well, people are very complex and i guess he was able to compartmentalize his own misbehavior and abuse and somehow i'm auming think that the child sexual abuse is warranted different punishment, but the idea someone himself is behaving improperly with people would be in the forefront is e stifying to me, so it again shows thomplexity of the human person and of sin, too. i think the most difficult thin to fathom was how these orsituations had gone ono long, even before he was arch bishop of newark and washington, that was really stunning to me. >> do you think there is more to this ithe church with adult semina'tans? >> no, i. i think cardinal mccary's case

is really ext idea he could have a house on the jersey shore and sort of le there, i think that's very unusual. i think, as in any organizations, i thihere are abuses of power and even improper sexul advas, but i don't think this is rampant, and i think his case is really kind of an outlier, at least i woulde o. >> is there anything the church can learn from this? >> i think that, you know, we need safeguards for adult abuse as wl. i think- you know, it's very much similar to the #metoo vement and sort of encouraging people who might feel unjustly hamed or embassed to come out and talk about these things even when it's someone in power, and the other thing we can learn yo, no matter how good or how, know, productive a person is, there's always that chance of sin in a person's life. >> reverend james martin, editor-at-large of america. thank you very much. >> of course.

a woodruff: cigarette smoking among youth historic lows, but the number of kids using electronic cigarettes has increased in recent years. the government estimates two million children have used them. although e-cigarettes deliver nicotine, many teens mistakenly lieve there are no serious health risks. and since some of the newer devices lo like computer thumb drives, it's making it even harder for educators to detect them. that's led to worries about e- cigarettes in schools, including the most popular one, juul. specal correspondent kavitha cardoza th our partner "education week," visited a where the principal is trying to change the behavior. it's part of our weekly series, making the grade. j reporter: fran thompson, the principal ofathan law high school, opens what he calls his "vaping drawer." >> these are some of the items that we have confiscated this

week. >> reporter: the "items" are all e-cigarettes. the most popular brand by far is caed juul. >> this is a juul. i know it looks like a flash drive, right? so, thliquid goes in here. >> reporter: basically, they're devices that heat up a liquid, often nicoti, and you inhale the vapor. >> and then they smoke it, they vape it. >> reporter: kids can hide them anywhere. ei their socks, their backpacks or pockets, wallets. their bras, back pockets, everywhere. >> anywhere, yeah. because they're so small. >> reporter: students zane berks and emma hudd say that's part of a juul's popularity. >> it's a smt easier than ing a cigarette or drinking. people do it in class all the time. kids like that its sneaky and they're getting away with it because it gives you that rebellion. >> are you really writing about christopher columbus? >> i have athletes doing it, i have honors kids doing it, there's absolutely no stereotype in terms of the spectrum of who would be doing thi >> reporter: that makes this

school in milford, connecticut typical. "juuling" as it's called has spiked a over the country among youth. but unlike alcohol or cigarettes, often parents aren't en sure what it is. parent liz goodwin has two teenagers in this school. she found nicoti liquid pods in their pockets while she was foing laundry. >> when d the pods, i googled it. and i couldn't find anything. t.had photos and tried to describe what is this? then i saw the amount of nicotine. it's one pack of cigarettes. i also understood some of my adult friends used e-cigarettes as a way to get off of smoking so i didn't know how dangerous it was. >> i'll show you what was going on. >> reporter: principalmpson says his "aha moment" was in the bathroom. >> so you're typical high school bathroom right? >> reporter: brings back memories. >> just like watching grease! but what was happening was you might have five or six kids

pinging out in here with the door closed and va. >> reporter: teachers said groups of students were gone for more than 20 to 25 minutes at a time. >> i had boys wrestling in the bathrooms. s had girls setting up little tent cit the bathroom so they could hang out and then come back totally lost 'cause they missed that instructional time and really unfocused because they were buzzed from the vaping. >> reporter: it was hard to know sir certain because there are no obvious s. there's very little smoke and no characteristic cigarette smell. o you really can't tell. like howknow it's not a bath and body works perfume that smells like mango? >> reporter: suchitra krishnan- sarin runs the yale tobacco centers of regulatory science at yale university. she says the flavors are a big part of e-cigarettes' popularity. they sound playful and harmlessc mango, minton candy, blueberry pie. >> these products come in over 7,000 different flavors.

they can also mix and match to create their own, again, whi introduces a sense of novelty. >> reporter: but the vapors inhaled has been found to contain lead, zinc, chromium and nick. and krishnan-sarin says nicotine, the in liquid in these devices is extremely addictive and can cause memory and attention loss. especially in the deveping enage brain. >> there's something about nicotine, that the teen brain is gt only more sensitive to it but it also leads ater use of other substances like lscaine, marijuana. >> reporter: jere created as a way to help adult smokers stop smoking. krishnan-sarin says there is not a lot of research available but e-cigarettes do contain fewer toxic chemicals than a regular cigarette. but she says that doesn't mean they are safe for kids. in fact, a big misconcepti is most kids think they're inhaling water vapor. >> no, no, definitely not. it is not water vapor. and i think that is a message that needs tbe delivered very clearly to youth. there are chemicals in these e- liquids and you are vaporizing the chemicals and you are inhaling them. >> reporter: principal thompson

felt he couldn't punish students for vaping, because they didn't understand why it was wrong. so he started educating them. >> these are all the chemicals that can be found in one single jgarette. >> reporter:anelle jessee with st vincent's medical center has spoken to more than 16,000 students from all ov connecticut this year. >> i ask the question, raise your hand if you know someone your own age that smokes cigarettes. very rarely do i get me than five. and then i ask the same question, "do you kn someone your age that uses a juul or a vape," almost every single hand goes up from a fifth-gra classroom all the way up to a twelfth-grade classroom. >> reporter: students morgan macey and anthony mendez say images on social media spread quickly. >> you see younger celebritig holdjuul in their hand and everyone's snapchat will post videos of them juuli. they just find it a way to be cool. >> there are a lot of tricks. l ike smoke bubbles, like a ring around, then a bigger there are different tricks you can do online.

>> reporter: so jessee gives them information and answers estions. she even has a session for their teachers. >> so why do you put the fluid? why do you need wer? i know nothing about this! >> i think not having these juuls and this industry regulated by federal ao state officials is outrageous. >> i'll tell you straight up,s thise of our top concerns right now. >> reporter: scott gottlieb is e commissioner of the u. food and drug administration. he says while e-cigarettes can be used by adults to stop smoking, it can't be done at the expense of children. >> if all we do is end up hooking a whole generation of young people on nicotine by doking these products available, we won't hav a service from a public health standpoint. st we need to be very aggressive in trying to taks to crackdown, prevent the youth use of these products. b>> reporter: the f.d.a. ng sued by several organizations ths are challenging gottlie decision tallow e-cigarettes, to remain on the market until 2022, without regulatory review.

gottlieb say to set comprehensive standards ulr all these products, not just >> we also can't be playing a-mole, just going after one particular product and don't have in place rules that address the overall category. >> reporter: the f.d.a. has requested internal research from e-cigarette companies, including owhy these products are s popular with kids. they are conducting a nationwide, undercover blitz to stop stores from selling to h. and this fall the f.d.a. will roll out tir first ever comprehensive public health campaign about e-cigarettes. >> vaping can deliver nicotine to your brain, reprogramming you to crave more and more. >> reporter: in a statement, juul says they "cannot be more emphatic- no young person or non-nicotine user should ever try juul." the company has pledged $30 million for their own education and prevention efforts. >> tt's right here? reporter: despite how g oactive this school is about educatstudents against e-

cigarette use, studesay juuls are still extremely ommon. nothese four students say they've vaped but they don't hesitate. if i asked you to get me a juul right now, how long do you think it would it take you? in three minutes. fivees. >> five minutes or less. >> reporter: principal thompson knows this. >> it's always going to be catch up. it's always going to be reactionary. ou can io the best think. >> reporter: but he's says its critical to keep educating kids about the risk >> i consider vaping to be thelt next hepidemic for teenagers. and i believe, in my heart, that this is going to have long terms effects, notmilar to smoking and cancer. >> reporter: for the pbs newshour and "education week," i'm kavitha cardoza in milford, coecticut. >> woodruff: one additional note: in june, voters in san francisco overwhelmingly backed

a measure to ban the sale of roducts, tobacco including vaping liquids. it's considered the strictest in the nation. and that's the newshour for tonight. i'm judy woodruff. join us online and again here tomorrow evening. for all of us at the pbs newshour, thank you ansee you soon. >> major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by: babbel. a language app that teaches real-life conversations in a new language, like spanish, french, >> he ford foundation. working with visionaries on the frontlines of social change worldwide. >> carnegie corporation of new york. supporting innovations in education, democratic engagement, and the advancement

of internationri peace and se. at carnegie.org. >> and with the ongoing support of these institutions and individuals. >> this program was made possible by the rporation for public broadcasting. and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. captioning sponsored by newshour productions, llc captioned by media access group at wgbh access.wgbh.org tukufu zuberi: his music was the soundtrack for a generation.

but on christmas eve 1944, the world heard stning news. news announcer: major enn miller, the well-known american bandleader, is reported missing. they don't really knat happened. they never found a body.wh whht! he was gone. zuberi: was he accentally shot down by the british royal air forc? man: just happened to be glenn miller in the wrong place at the wrong time. did his aircraft crash in bad weather? kaiama glover: would ice accumulation actually be enough to bring the norseman down? or was his disappearance tied to a secret planto overthrow hitler? [ man sporking in german on recding ] it starts with duke ellington, and it ends with a plot assassinate the fuhrer. on this edition of history detectives special investigations,ea we dig benth the official story...