ioaptioning sponsored by newshour produns, llc >> woodruff: good evening, i'm judy woodruff. on the new>>our tonight... accept our intelligence community's conclusion thatdd russian ng in the 2016 election took place. >> woodruff: an about face: t esident trump tries to contain the fallom his statements supporting vladimir putin. we get reactio including from former secretary of state madeline albright. then, puerto rico's doctor huortage. afteicane maria, parents scramble to find medical care while more pediatricians leave the island. and, the rising popularity of vaping in schools. as cigarette smoking goes out of fashion, the new practice ofuu so-called ng" takes its place.

>> i ask the question, raise your hand if you know someone your own age that smokes cigarettes. very rarely do i get more than thve. an i ask the same question, "do you know someone your age that uses a juul or a vape," almost every single hand goes up. >> woodruff: all that and more on tonight's pbs newshour. >> major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by: b knowledge, it's where innovatiins. it's what leads us to discovery and motivates us to succeed. it's why we ask the tough questions and what leads us an reers. at leidos, wtanding behind those working to improve the world's health, safety, and osficiency. le

>> kevin. >> kevin! >> kevin. >> advice for life. life well-planned. learn more at raymondjames.com. >> babbel. a language app that teaches real-life conversations in a new language. language, like spanish, french, german, italian, and more. babbel's 10-15 minute lessons are available as an app, or online. more information on babbel.com. d >>ith the ongoing support of these institutions: >> this program was madeco possible by thoration for public broadcasting. and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you.

>> woodruff: one day later, president trump is home om ovlsinki, and he's backtracking. he returnenight, to face blistering critiques from both prties of his summit with russia's presidein. >> i have to say i came back and said what is going on,s the big deal? >> woodruff: the presidentntas in damage-l mode this afternoon, after the storm over his statents in helsinki. yesterday, he appeared to take vladimir putin's word for it, that moscow did not interfere in the 2016 u.s. presidential election. >> he just said it's not russia. i will say this: i don't see any reason why it would be. >> woodruff: today, he said the opposite: >> it should have been obvious, i thought it would be obvious but i would like to clarify in case it wasn't in a key sentence in my remarks i said the word "would" instead

ce "wouldn't." the sentshould have been i don't see any reason why i wouldn't or why it wouldn't be atssia. sort of a doubleive. >> woodrf: in helsinki, mr. trump had also dismissed u.s. intelligence findings of russian involvement in the election. today, he insisted he has "great" nfidence in the intelligence community. >> let me be totally clear in saying that, and i've said this many times, i accept our intelligence community's concluon that russia's meddling in the 2016 election took place. >> woodruff: earlier, in tweets, mr. trump blamed the news media for the bipartisan sking he's taken. he also blamed special counsel robert mueller's investigation for hurting u.s./russian retions. before leaving helsinki, he returned to the theme.

>> they drove a phony wedge. it's a phony witch hunt,igged deal. >> woodruff: just last friday, muel r indicted 12 russian officials for election cyber- attacks. putin, in his own interview, declined to accept a copy of the indictments, and he appeared to defend the hacking of democratic party e-mails. y but mr. president, may i just so a saying it's okay because of the fact that they it was their real omails, so itto hack and spread this information out and interfere edth the election? >> ( transl ): listen to me, please. the information that i am aware of, there's nothing about it. every single grain of it is true and the decratic leadership admitted it. >> woodruff: today, moscow announced it's ready to implement new agreements on boosting collabotion with the u.s. military in syria, and on tending a nuclear arms pact. and, russian reports voiced sympathy for mr. trump.t, n the hours before the presidt spoke today, the

criticism continued, from the likes of house speaker paul ryan: >> vladimir putin does not share our interests, vladimir putin does not share our values. onwe just conducted a year investigation into russia's interference in our elections. theyid interfere in our elections, it's really clear, there should be no doubt about that. >> woodruff: senate republican leader mitch mcconnelined to directly criticize the president. instead, he tried to reassure europe. >> we believe the e.u. couries are our friends and the russians are not. >>we understand the russia threat and i think that is the widespread view here in the u.s. senate amongembers of both rties. >> woodruff: fellow republican susan collins of maine did take on mr. trump, over his initial smissal of u.s. intelligence

findings. >> i remain astonished that the president would choose to believe the assertions by president putin over the unanimous conclusions of his own u.s. intelligence leaders and >> woodruff: some republthans came to e president's defense, at least partially. texas senator john corsaid s understands how the special counsel'investigation of the trump campaign's contacts with russians has affected the president. >> that's what i think got the president so spun up is because he feels like this is an attack on him personally and i wish we could sepate those two. >> woodruff: democrats sounded a darker note. senate minority leader chu schumer: >> so many america are going to continue to wonder does president putin have something over president trump that makes the president behave in such a y that hurts our country

>> woodruff: other democrats ed that more republicans speak out, more forcefully. ag why do so many of my republican colleues remain silent in light of president trump's open denial of the reality of the russian involvement in our election. >> woodruff: house minority fader nancy pelosi warned russian interference in this year's mid-term elections. >> the president gave green light to continue to attack our f:mocracy, to the russians. >> woodrut republican senator bob corker, who chairs the foreign relations committee, suggested congress may need to take some new action. that could take the form of additional sanctions on the russians. as for reaction in europe, the office of british prnister theresa may said today she does not think the trump-putin summit undermined the trans-atlantic alliance. art, a german member of the europeanament had a

doleful assessment. he said, "we europeans must take "our fate in our own hand for more on the fallout from president trump's meeting with vladir putin, i'm joined by "washington post" reporter carol leonnig. carol, welcome back to the "newshour". what sort of reaion has the white house been seeing and hearing, especially from republicans? what's coming through to them? >> well, i think susan collins actually captured the word, astonishment, quiet-faced, red-faced astonishment, and in nhe case of mitch mcconnell, swallowing your e astonishment where people are bot coming out and complaining directly the president, but some are very concerned about what has transpired here because the golden standard for u.s. foreign policy has always been that we would keep our partisan differences, we would keep our concerns about our internal political affairs on these shores, we would not

attack one another on foreign soil, and here the president has cone done just that with a long-time foreign adversary at his side, who he sided with. but i would add, also, judy, ublicanss not just r who are being asked for their opinion or openly qstioning, ng paul ryan did, the president's handf this matter. inside the white house there is great consternatioabout it. we have been hearing about it for the last 24 hours, because this didn't go exactly according to thepe staff's s and witches. >> woodruff: in fact you and your colleagues wrote in "the post" today that they prepa lot of briefing material for the president, but what you wrote is he ignored most of it. >> yes. this was supposed to be short and not sweet, but short and ktough. a qu meeting, a quick news conference, the brieing materials which numbered up to

100 pages and ressibly outlined all of the ways to the president that rsihas acted against u.s. interests. its damaging role in syria itics histfforts against u.s. interests and, yet, the president wasn't able to mention any of those things. he wastly able to focus on his long-stated and publicly-stated desire to be friends with vladimir putino . >>d they believe, with today's -- what the president called clarification, that this is going to settle down? >> i think there are a lot of fingers crossed behind backs, yes. however, in a way, the damage has been done. european aies are likely not really believing that the president twice mistakenly said he couldn't imagine that the russians would interfere in our

election. >> woodruff: remarkable 48 hours taking yesterday and today gether and, in fact, more than that, going back over the entire trip. carol leonnig of "the washington post," thank you. >> thank you. >> woodruff: we'll hear from former secretary of state madeleine albright, after the news summary. in the day's other news, the european court of human rights ruled russia was wrong to jail members of the group pussy riot for a protest in 2012. the court ordered the putin government to pay nearly $50,000 to the protesters, who spent two years in prison. pussy riot activists staged their most recent protest at sunday's world cup finen four members ran onto the playing field. former president obama rebuked president trump today, without ever naming him. mr. obama delivered major address in johannesburg, south africa, and condemned what he called a "politics of fear and resentment" used by "songmen" leaders.

he warned against propaganda and false claims, sometis from the mouths of leaders themselves. sh we see the utter loss of e among political leaders where they're caught in a lie and they just double down and they lie some more. it used... look, let me say politicians have always lied but it used to be if you caught them lying, they'd be like, "oh man." now they just keep on lying. >> woodruff: in the end, the former president did offer words of hope, saying: "we've been through darker times. we've been through lower valleys." in nicaragua, the government intensified its assault on political opponents today. police and armed supporters attacked a neighborhood in masaya, that's become a center of resistance. protests against president daniel ortega's plan to cut pension benefits broke out in april. since then, some 280 people have

eued in a government crackdown. japan and thpean union have signed a landmark trade deal. the pact wilardo away with all tariffs between them, and create the world's largest open area for trade. th made it official today during a ceremony in tokyo. the european council's president said it's a trump's protectionist trade policies. >> we are sending a clear message that you can count on us. we are predictable, both japan and the e.u., predictable, responsible, and will continue ofending a world order based on rules, on freedo transparency and common sense. >> woodruff: the e.u./japanese trade deal will cover a third of global economy and rough 600 million people. back in th country, federal reserve chairman jerome powell told congress today he expects to keep raising interest rates, gradually.

he said the fed ancipates the job market will stay strong and inflation will hover near 2% for the next few years. and, he said, it's a balancing act. >> on the one hand, raising interest rates too slowly may lead to high inflation or financial market excesses. pi the other hand, if we raise rates too y, the economy could weaken and inflation could run persistently below our objective. >> woodruff: powell declined to comment directly on potential effects of president trump's tariffs on foreign goods. instead, he said countries that are open to trade tend to have faster growth, whereas those with protectionist policies fare rse. and on wall street, the dow jones industrial average gained 55 points to close near 25,120. the nasdaq rose 49 points, and the s&p 500 added 11. still to come on the newshour: former secretary of state madeleine albright on presmeent trump'ing with president putin.

a doctor shortage in hurricane- ravaged puerto rico. the popular new way teenagers are vaping with e-cigarettes, and more. >> woodruff: we take a closer look now at prident trump's meeting with vladimir putin with a woman who has extensive experience dealing with the russian government. madeleine albright served as secretary of state during the clinton administration. her latest book "fascism: a warning" is on the "new york times" best seller list. we spoke a short time ago and i began by asking if she understands mr. trump's position toward russia, given today's statements. >> no, i'm definitely not clear secause i think that he tried to explain that twas just leaving out an n apostrophe t,

but i think, basically, it's unclear about how he believes -- how he feels about russia, period, in terms of how to deal with them, how he distinguishes the fact at the n.a.t allies are foes an tdt trump believes, i think, that russia us his friend and only cares about collusion behe's so uncertain about his own victory. >> woodruff: on the question of collusion, and there is no proof that there was yet, but we know the intelligence community has concluded that russians interfered. the president also sai today he now has full faith and support in u.s. intelligence agencies after casting doubt on their work. i mean, this appears to be another reversal. what do you make of that? >> i think he he must think we're genuinely stupid because, if one watched what he was doing in his pressf cerence, he made it quite clear that he was believing putin much more than his own people, that he had a -

he was unclear about what his enenda was, period, and th just trying to persuade us that there was just a couple of letters missing. i just find it very strange tha he has so little understanding of the fact of how hse i coming across to the people of the united states and to people in other countries because he believes that he's so persuasive, and i think that he's so unclear and is only interested in suplatives. that's all he ever speaks in are superlatives and i think he may get his wish and go downhen history aseast democratic president we've had. >> woodruff: strong language. so if youake all together, secretary albright, what thepr ident said today with what we've heard in the last few days, the n.a.t.o. meeting, the trip to britain, the meetings with theresa may and then the te meeting with vladimir putin, what does itp add u to? >> i think it adds up to total

olconfusion about what the of the united states is in this part of the 21st century, what our relationship is with our allies, and we're the most powerful military alliance in the historof the world. how we feel about what is going on with russia and what we think is the international system at this point. i have just been in europe for quite a long time, a couple of weeks, and our alliesnd friends are completely confused and want to know what those o us who aren't in the government anymore can explain to them about what's goingd on, it's very, very hard to explain, frankly. >> woodruff: what are the practical effects of this, though? we know the attitudes are negative there's a lot of criticism of the president, but what does tlat trans into for ordinary americans who are watching allof this >> well, for ordinary americans, i think it really puts to doubt aseo what the sngth of america is. i have always believed that our strength is not only our value system and our diversity, but

also the multiplier effect of having more an lies than anybody. so that brings that question into mind. then i also think that what it has done in terms of our allies, srankly, this super political president forgotten that caose countries also have poliissues, and they have to try to explain why they are paying at all into a an alliance where its unclear what america's role is, so they're looking for other ways to have a defense system and how to operate.so can tell you, they're all trying to figure out what their next steps are. >> woodruff:ut the president is taking credit for getting them to put billions of dollars more into their own military, into their own defense. does that not add up to at least a fairer equation for the support, the miliary support of n.a.t.o.? >> well, i think other presidents have talked abou it, and i think it's very important for our n.a.t.o. allies to pay upbut just the tone of it, you

know, he had kind of bullied them into mething, then he takes credit for it and, later, president macron of france kind of indicated the move wasot exactly the way trump described it. so i think it's just put doubt in his words, and the fact that, today, he had to clarify one word just really underlines the fact that people don't know what he's saying and why he's saying >> woodreanwhile, the f:it. russian military leadership, the defense ministry there is saying they're ready to what they say, augment, improve contacts with the u.s. over cooperation with syria, number one and, number two, extending the start strategic arms notiations. could those all bear fruit which would make this have a silver lining, something positive come out of it? >> first, we don't know what adppened in the two hours that the rs met without anybody, but i do think -- i hope that

there are talks now about nuclear issues. that has been missing and i think it's very important. meanwhile, both countries are eyilding up their nuclear arsenals when should be trying to figure out how to control them. do i think, also, syria is one of the gat tragedies, and if something can be done for humanitarian reasons and stability, i hope that is done, but you can't just say that the other things that happened have no importance. i mean, there are a number of things that were said that i think really make us wonder what his role is wit the russians and, frankly, what the russians expect out of him. i have said, now, that trump is the gift that keeps on giving to putin. >> woodruff: what do you m yn by that wh say that? >> well, i think that what i believe is that president putin has a plan to separate us our allies and to undermine democracy and toegain influence in the middle east and, frankly, the way that presidt trump deals with him is he is fulfilling some of

president putin's plans to divide us from our allies, and, so, we can't tell, when they talk about are they going to do more on nuclear or are they going to do more on syria, what really lies behind that relationship of who is giving what to whom. president putin is a k.g.b. agen sand he's veryrt and he has played a weak hand well, and i believe that president trump is playing into that plan either on purpose or by accident, but he is helping putin get further in his plan to divide us fm our allies. >> woodruff: i've known you, secretary albright, for a number of years. you have worked in the government going back to the carter administration and, over that time, you've seen the ups and downs of america's role in the world, american diplomacy. do you see what's going on right now as something that can be fixed, that there's no doubt ino mind that the u.s. comes out of this and comes out of it

stronger? or are you worried permanent, lastg damage has been done? >> i am concerned about elastic damage. i think it' iortant for those of us who continue to havect informal conand the forming ones that members of h congree can show that america does in fact want to have a some kind of functional international system. we don't have to boss everyone around, but we belie are better off with partners. but i am nervous that, the long this goes on, that it's harder to fix and that the allies wiltake different roads and decide we are not dependable. some of themaid the weren't sure they could count on the u.s. anymore, and that's the basis of the relationship we've had since the end of world war ii. >> woodruff: form r secretary ate madeline albright, we thank you. >> thank you, judy. >> woodruff: we turn now to sopitol hill. republicans were quick to distance themselves from president trump yesterday, amid

irllout over his controversial meeting with vlautin. i'm joined now by one of those lawmakers, representative will hurd from texas. he serves on the house intelligence committee and previously worked at the.i.a.ng ssman hurd, thank you very much for being back on the program. we just heard former secretary albright say that she believes p at either wittingly or not president tr playing into the hands of vladimir putin,st king similar to what you said yesterday. you made a statement, you said you never thought the president of the united states would be played by an old k.g.b. hand. are you convinced now that's what's going on? >> well, i'm convinced that what happened in helsinki was actually a part of a disinformation campaign by vladimir pin. the goal was to make some of these outrageous claims ando have the leader of the free world standing next to him and not respond. i think that's going to

ultimately be thlasting impact. secretary albright said, look, she was secretary of state for a reason. the fact that the u.s. has elways had more frinds, and now that we n a position where our friends have beenbt ding us and questioning, when the head of our country says one h thing, and ths to step it back, what actually does that really meanreand where our various alliances and relationships going? bilateral relationships between likeountries are just relationships between people. you have to spend time, energy and effort in cultivating that and, when the's misunderstandings, that could , tentially lead to irreparable damad that's one of the concerns i know ouran allied many in washington, d.c. have. >> woodruff: one of the questis i asked her is what does this mean for ordinary americans, what could the practical effect of that fraying of the relationship between the u.s. and its allies and a closer

maybe user relationship with russia mean? >> well, first and foremost, lry me get specific to my district. i represent the eagleford and the permian basin. these are fueling the engy renaissance in the united states and it's allowing -- is going to ultimately allow the united states to be a net exporter of energy. this should have been a topic that got brought up because we rnow the russians are trying to hack in egy companies. that's going to have an impact on our econom that's going to have an impact on the european company. a t of people don't necessarily understand why is n.a.t.o. important. n.a.t.o. is important because it's created 70 years of peace and prosperity ine, eurond europe has never had 70 years of peace and prosperity. why is that important to us? because that grew their economy. that grew -- you know, the people in europe wanting to buy product from america, at alloweds to grow our economy

by having such a large trading partner and n.a.t.o. has been very important to that. what vladimir putin is trying to do is reestablish the territorial integrity of the u.s.s.r., and what's preventing him from doing that is n.a.t.o.d and the untates. he knows he can't win a direct military conflict with us, he knows his economy is not strong enough to do toe to toe with the united states, he has to result to asymmetrical warfare, meaning getting involved in our elections, creating discord, causing americans to trust their democratic institution and discord. that's what he's been able to do and vladimir putins driving adg between the united states and our allies in europe, particularly the allies that are the backbone of n.a.t.o. so this is his angle because he wants to be able t diplomatic veto and economic veto, political veto over those

countries in eastern europe. putin -- people think of himas a global player. i think of him as a regional spoiler, trying to impact those economies and countries in their orbi so all of this will have an impact on us because this will potentially impact our economy and also is a national security concern. >> bringing this back to, congreepublican senator bob corker of tennessee said today that he thinks the dam is broken in terms of republican members of congress now being willing to speak openly aboueir concerns with president trump. do you agree, has the damok ? >> i think only time will tell. you know, i've always lived my life by being honest. i agree when i agree, and when i disagreed, i did that under the previous administration, i'll continue doing that here. many of my actions and behaviors are based on my nine and a half years as an undercover officer. i chased terrorists all the over the world andealt with russian intelligence officers throughout

my career. in my time in congress i'm working with allies that have to deal with the russian menace every day and more independent natalie, face to face than w do here in the united states, and it's important for congress to continue our oversight rule. it's importantfor congress t continue to fund our intelligence and military community o are making sure they they are collecting intelligence on and preventing tacks from our adversaries like russia. we've got to continue to make sure that we're doingversight of these agencies, that they're being allowed to do their job, because one thing i know about the men and women in the c.i.a., regrdless of what's happeni up here in washington, d.c. and the political environment, they will go out and put themselves in harm's way and d their job, and that is to be the collectors of last resort and make sure we understand what's really happening and understand the threats to our nation and, so tngress needs to make sure we're continuisupport that that, and continue to support our allies like uaine.

>> woodruff: you and congressman o'rourke from college of pennsylvania allegheny. thank you. >> woodruff: hurricane season is underway in puerto rico, but daily life is still precarious for many after hurricane maria's widespread destruction last 'sptember. till a challenge to find a nsctor on the island. physicere already fleeing after a financial crisis began a decade ago, and last year'sed storm has fuhe exodus. as specialorrespondent sarah varney reports, the toll has been devastating. riit's the second of two s about health care on the island produced in collaboration with our partner, kaiser health news. >> reporter: every three hours,

janisse alicearepares two bottles of ensure for her daughters, patricia and natalia. the girls were born with a dire genetic disorder and microcephaly. they once attended school and birthday parties and smiled brightly. >> ( translated ): so, here is natalia at school. rticipating and in the day of triumph and field day. >> reporter: but now at 16 and 21, the disease has progressed and their bodies are fragile and misshapen. ventilators help them breathe and scoliosis makes it difficult to move em. alicea and her daughters waited out hurricane maria here in ponce, a city on thesland's southern coast. but the chaotic aftermatput patricia and natalia in grave danger. >> ( translated ): we didn't have power, we didn't have water, we couldn't get enough ensure. it was very hot, they were crying all the time, couldn't fall asleep. they had convulsions. >> reporter: the familnifled on

a hurian flight and eventually ended up with relatives in south carolina.er alicea andwo daughters s turned home in march. since then, she ruggled to find doctors who can treat them. >> ( translated ): we need pediatricians, we need neurologists, and we need geneticists. before, we were able to get to some doctors, but now it has been impossible. we can't get them to come here. and their condition is degenerative, so theworse and worse. so, i needo know what, as a mother, can i do for them? >> reporter: alicea says her daughters recently started getting bedsores. they're in pain, she says, and haven't s seen a doctce they returned to puerto rico. physicians are in short supply here. jose cruz, a pediatricia says the island's ongoing financial crisis and low payments from health insurers drove manyhysicians to seek

work in the states. and cruz says the hurricane badly damaged doctors' offices, requiring costly repairs. >> so there's a lot of money that the pediatrician lost, and they just made the decision and left, left to united states. >> reporter: from 2006 to 2016, the number of doctors here declined from 14,000 to 9,000. families who lost their doctors are filling up waiting rooms, like here at a varmed pediatric clinic in bayamón, a suburb of san juan. physicians say running a medical practice is a losing business in n'erto rico. at san jorge childhospital in san juan, a pediatrician lerning about $89,000 a yean dois salary just by moving to the states. the low salaries reflect the utland's widesprd poverty. nearly twof three children, and half of all puerto ricans, rely on medicaid and the territory receives far less money from congress thst poor es to pay doctors.

with so many pediatricians and other doctiss leaving the nd, many low-income families mere must travel long distances focal appointments. and they can wait for months to see specialists. sara pallone braves the san juan traffic with her son thiago, who was born with severe low muscle tone. a nurse travels with them. she drives an hour each way to centro medico, san juan's public hospital, for her son's countless appointmen. today's visit to a neonatologist eps originally scheduled for lastmber. but since the hurricane, it has taken eight and a half months to reschedule. the family scrambled for safety during the storm. they were turned away from two atspitals and a storm shelter idn't have a generator to power thiago's oxygen machine meat he needs nearly all the an >> ( ated ): we were five days without oxygen, and the baby started doing very poorly so we had to get him right tnt the medical . when we were there, the

generator broke down, so we couldn't get the othere either, and instead of trying to transfer him from hospital to hospital they sent us home. >> reporter: but surviving the hurricane was just the first hurdle. >> ( translated ): and when the hurricane came, all of the appointments were canceled without warning. many of the doctors didn't communicate with us to tell us they were cancelled. we felt abandoned, like my son's >>fe wasn't worth it. eporter: that sense of abandonment is pervasive in the island's central mountains. etelephone and power line still being restored. cables dangle from trees, roads remain bad damaged and power goes off and on. all of that has made it difficult toet medical care for even basic needs, like the flu or vaccinations. at salud integral en la montaña, iscommunity clinic in oroc

the lack of electricity and refrigeration ruined the supply of vaccines. some children, like tanya burgos, missed their vaccinations for months after the storm. bu health challenges.ical dr. nelson almodovar, ari pedian at the clinic, says children, like four year-old hiram cruz ortiz are still showing signs of trauma from hurricane maria. he's anxious and refuses to sleep alone and dr. almodovar wants him to see a psychologist. those added demands for care combined with the shorf doctors makes staffing this operatiodifficult. gloria amador runs seven clinics and four emergency rooms in this remote region. she says while it's hard to get specialists to come has many vacancies for primary care doctors as well. >> we have 24 vacancies right no it's very difficult for us to have such a huge system, without having primary care doctors.

so right now, people's lives have been impactedlobecause of ep time they have to wait. >> rter: back in ponce, jeann cruz and edgardo rivera say the scrale for doctors has added to the stress of being first-time parents. they wouldike their son, six- week-old, jaxx to see a pediatric gastroenterologist to eat his reflux, but there are only two in ponce and the wait is months long. still, they are undaunted by the island's challenges and by the new hurricane season underway. >> there's going to be many hurricanes. come at us. let them come. because we're going to stay here. reporter: so they're heading across the island to san juan to find a doctor there. for the pbs newshour and kaiser health news, i'm sarah varney in ponce, puerto rico. >> woodruff: now, new details

aboualleged sexual misconduc by a cardinal who was a power broker witn the church. cardinal theodore mccarrick was remo last month,ic ministry making him the highestanking catholic official in the u.s. to oved for sexual abuse of minor. as john yang tells us, a new investigation finds other offenses and church dlficials allecovered them up for arcades. >> yang:nal mccarrick was long one of the most recognized faces of the u.s. catholic church. he led the archdiocese of washington, d.c. and participated in funeral mass for senator edward kennedy. mccarrick became an influential voice at the vatican and was among the cardinals that elected pope benedict xvi. in the early 2000s, pope john paul ii asked him to help manage the devastating sexual abuse crisis. he was one of the drafters of the charter for protecting

children that was adopted by american bishops in 2002. >> now, i think when you look at zero tolerance, i'm saying this, other bishops aren't, i'm saying zero tolerance prospectively, everybody is on the same page, if this ever happens again that's it. >> yang: mccarrick was the iblic face when the u.s. council of bishoued its about decades of abuse priests, here on nbc's "meet the press." >> do you believe there's a specl place in hell for men who represent christ on earth and abuse their flock? >> there's certainly a terrible judgement on someone who would abuse the trust that a priest must have, that a priest does have. >> yang: but mccarrick's own behavior became the focus st month when he was removed from ministry. the archdiocese of new york saio an accusthat he had molested a 16-year-old alter boy nearly 50 years ago was credible. mccarrick said he didn't recall now, there are more allegations. the "new york times" reports that beginning in the 1980s,

mccarrick, then a new jersey bishop, inappropriately touched young adult seminarians. the newspaper said church officials knew of the allegations as he rose in the church hierarchy mccarrick declined to comment to the times. the reverend james martin is a jesuit priest and editor at large of the jesuit magazine "america." father martin, thanks for being with us. the "new york times" reported that the first documentation they see of a complaint that tha olic church was aware of, church officials were awae of was in 1994. how could these allegations have been around for so long and yet cardinal mccarrick rise in the church hierahy? >> that's a good question. i think you're talking about the allegations him toward seminaries and priests. i think priests were embarrassed to come forward and forme seminarians embarrassed to come forward. it is shocking these allegations have been around for so. long it's pretty mystifying.

>> let me ask you about the difference between the swiftac on once the archdiocese of w york deemed credible the allegations of abusing an alta boy many years ago and the slow ornaction on allegation about adult seminarians. >> i'm not a lawyer but i think one is technically illegal,ateth crime, and k that sort of puts into place the reforms of the dallas charter where the removed.s immediately and i suppose these other accusations took a while to be unearthed. happens in terms of the dallas charter is once there is any credle accusation of child abuse you are immediately taken from ministry. there's no questions asked. >> what's the church's attitude or how do the view allegations about adults? >> well, it's a very serious matter. so's not only a grave crime againsbody's person, right, it's an abuse, an emotional abuse, sometimes a physical abuse, it's also sinful

and it's also breaking the promise of celibacy that you have as a priest. so, in multiple ways, it's wrong. >> father, one of the targe of cardinal m l11 carrick told the "times" that in the corporate world there's a human resources contact, he says does the catholic church have that? how is a priest supposed to report abuse or wrong activity by his bishop? what is their steted vehicle for anyone to do that? should there be ac vehile:the catholic church for that? >> well, that was part ofhe problem. the bishop is the highest, an archbishop and cardinal are on the top of the food chain and it's harto level an asization against that person. the enunsio at the vatican in the united states is the one you could to. father ramsey did go to the nunsio and was ignored or the nunsio didn't believe him and

that process failed. d i think one of the reasons so many are surpriy these allegations is he was so out front on te abuse scandal against children, and yet this was going on or at least thele ations were there against him. what do you make of that? >> well, peoplere very complex and i guess he was able to mpartmentalize his own misbehavior and abuse and somehow i'm assuming think that pue child sexual abuse is warranted differenshment, but the idea someone himself is behaving improperly with people would be in the forefront is mystifying to me, so it again shows the complexity of the human rson and of sin, too. i think the most difficult thing for me to fathm was how these situations had gone on for so long, ev befoe he was arch bishop of newark and washington, that was really stunne.ing to >> do you think there is more to this in the church with adult seminarians? >> no, i don't.

xtthink cardinal mccary's case is reallyaordinary, the idea he could have a house on pee jersey shore and sort of brinle there, i think that's very unusual. i think, as in any organizations, i think there are abuses of power and evenu improper sl advances, but i don't think this is rampant, and i think his case is reallkind of an outlier, at least i would hope so. >> is there anything the chuh can learn from this? >> i think that, you know, we need safeguards for adult abuse as well. verynk -- you know, it's much similar to the #metoo movement and sort of encougi people who might feel unjustly ashamed or embarrassed to come out and talk about these things even when it's someone in power, and the other thing we can learn is, no matter how good or how, you know, productive a person is, there's always thance of sin in a person's life. >> reverend james martin, editor-at-large of america. thank you very much. >> of course.

>> woodrf: cigarette smoking among youth is at historic lows, but the number of kids using electronic cigettes has increased in recent years. the government estimates two million children have used them. although e-cigarettes deliver nicotine, many teens mistakenly believe there are no serious health risks. okd since some of the newer devices ike computer thumb drives, it's making it even harder for educators to detect them. that's led to worries about e- cigarettes in schools, including the most popular one, juul. specal correspondent kwiitha cardoza th our partner d,ducation week," visited a school in milfonnecticut where the principal is trying to change the behavior. it's part of our weekly series, making the grade. >> reporter: fran thompson, the principal of jonathan law high school, opens what he calls s "vaping drawer." >> these are some of the items

that we have confiscated this week. >> reporter: the "items" are all e-cigarettes. cae most popular brand by far is ed juul. >> this is a juul. i know it thoks like a flash drive, right? soliquid goes in here. >> reporter: basically, they're devices that heat up a liquiti often ni, and you inhale the vapor. hen they smoke it, they vape it. >> reporter: kids can hide them anywhere. >> their socks, theipacks or pockets, their wallets. their bras, back pockets, erywhere. >> anywhere, yeah. because they're so small. orter: students zane ber and emma hudd say that's part of a juul's popularity. >> it't easier than smoking a cigarette or drinking. people do it in class all the time. kids like that its sneaky and they're getting away with it because it gives you that rebellion. >> are you really writing about atristopher columbus? >> i havetes doing it, i s ve honors kids doing it, thersolutely no stereotype in terms of the spectrum of who would be doing this.

>> reporter: that makes this scho in milford, connecticut typical. "juuling" as it's called has spiked all over the country among youth. ke alcohol or cigarettes, often parents aren't even sure what it is.in parent liz gooas two teenagers in this school. she found nicotine liquid pods in theirockets while she was doing laundry. >> when i found the pods, i googled it. and i couldn't find anything. i had photos and tried to describe it. what is this? then i saw the amount of nicotine. it's one pack of cigarettes. ulalso understood some of my friends used e-cigarettes as a way to get off of smoking so i didn't know h w dangerous it. >> i'll show youonhat was going >> reporter: principal thompson says his "aha moment" was in the bathroom. >> so you're typical high school bathroom right? >> reporter: brings back memories. >> just like watching grease! but what was happening was you

might have five or six kids hanging out in here with the door closed and vaping. ud reporte teachers said groups of stts were gone for more than 20 to 25 minutes at a time. >> i had boys wrestling in the bathrooms. i had girls setting up little tent cities in the bathroom so ey could hang out and th come back totally lost 'cause they missed that instructional time and really unfosed because they were buzzed from the vaping. >> reporter: it was hard to know for certain because there are no obvious signs. there's very little smokriand no characic cigarette smell. >> you really can't tell. like how do i know it's not a bath and body works perfume tha? smells like ma >> reporter: suchitra krishnan- sarin runs the yale tobacco centers of regulory science at yale university. she says the flavors are a big part oe-cigarettes' popularity. theys-ound playful and harmles mango, mint, cotton candy, blueberry pie. or these products come in over 7,000 different fl

they can also mix and match to create their own, again, which introduces a sense of novelty. >> reporter: but thed apors inhales been found to contain lead, zinc, chromium ank ni. and krishnan-sarin says nicotine, the main liquid in these devices is extremely addictive and can cause memory and attention loss. especially in the developing teenage brain. >> there's something n cotine, that the teen br not only more sensitive to it but it also leads to greater use of other substances ijke cocaine, mna. >> reporter: juuls were created as a way thelp adult smokers stop smoking. krishnan-sarin says the is not lot of research available but e-cigarettes do contain fewer toxic chemicals an a regular e garette. but shys that doesn't mean they are safe for kids. in fact, a big misconcon is most kids think they're inhaling water vapor. >> no, no, definitely not. it is not water vapor. and i think that is a message that needs to be delivered very clearly to youth. there are chemicals se e- liquids and you are vaporizing the chemicals and you are inhaling them.

>> reporter: principal thompson felt he couldn't punish students for vaping, because they didn't understand why it was wrong. so he started educating them. >> these are all the chemicals that can be found in one single cigarette. >> reporter: janelle jessee with st vincent's medical center has spoken to more than 16 students from all over connecticut this yea >> i ask the question, raise okur hand if you know someone your own age that cigarettes. very rarely do i get more than enve. and ask the same question, "do you know someone t ur age that uses a juul or a vape," almery single hand goes up from a fifth-grade classroom all the way up to a teelfth-grade classroom. >> rep students morgan macey and anthony mendez say images on social media spread quickly. >> you see younger celebrities holding a juul in their hand and everyone's snapchat will post videos of them juuling. they just find it a way to be cool. >> there are a lot of tricks. l ike smoke bu around, then a bigger ring. there are different tricks you

can do online. >> reporter: so jessee gives them information and answers questions. she even has a session for the teachers. >> so why do you put the fluid? why do you need power? i know nothing about this! >> i think not having these juuls and this indus regulated by federal and also state officials is outrageous. , i'll tell you straight this is one of our top concerns right now. >> reporter: scott gottlieb is e commissioner of the u.s. food and drug administration. he says while e-cigarettes can be used by adults to stop smoking, it can't be done at the expensof children. >> if all we do is end up hooking a whole generation of young people on nicotine by making these products available, we won't have done a service from a public health standpoint. so we need to be very aggressive in trying to take steps to crackdown, prevent the youth use of the products. >> reporter: the f.d.a. is being thed by several organizations tre challenging gottlieb's decisiallow e-cigarettes, to remain on the markethuntil

2022, t regulatory review. gottlieb says they needed time to set comprehensive standards for all these products, not just juul. ac we also can't be playing a-mole, just going after one particular product and don't have in place rules that address the overall category. >> reporte the f.d.a. has requested internal research from e-cigarette companies,ncluding why these products are so pular with kids. they are conducting a nationwide, undercover blitz to stop stores fromutelling to and this fall the f.d.a. will roll out their first ever comprehensive public health campaign about e-cigarettes. >> vaping can deliver nicotine to your brain, reprogramming you to crave more and more. >> reporter: in a statement, juul says they "cannot be more emphatic- no you person or non-nicotine user should ever try juul." the company has pledged $30 million for their own education and prevention efforts. >> that's right here? >> reporter: despite how proactive this school is about

educating students against e- cigarette use, students say juuls are still extremely common. none of these four students say they've vaped but they don't hesitate. if i asked you to get me a juul right now, how long do you think it would it take you? >> three minutes. e ve minutes. ri fnutes or less. >> reporter:ipal thompson knows this. >> it's always going to be catch up. it's always going to be yactionary. so you do the be can i think. >> reporter: but he's says its critical to keep educating kids. about the ri >> consider vaping to be t next health epidemic for teenagers. and i believe, in my heart, that this is gointo have long term effects, not dissimilar to smoking and cancer. >> reporter: for the pbs newshour and "education week," i'm kavitha cardoza in milrd, connecticut. j woodruff: one additional note: e, voters in san

francisco overwhelmingly backed comeasure to ban the sale of flavored tobroducts, including vaping liquids. it's considered the strictesin the nation. and that's the newshour for tonight. i'm judy woodruff. join us online and again here tomor ow evening. l of us at the pbs newshour, thank you and see you soon. >> major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by: babbel. a language app that teaches real-life conversations in a new language, like spanish, french, >> the ford foundation. working with visionaries on the frontlinesf social change rldwide. >> carnegie corporation of new york. supporting innovations in education, democratic engagement, and the advancemenal

of internatieace and security. at carnegie.org. >> and with the ongoing support of these institutis and individuals. >> this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting. and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. captioning sponsor by newshour productions, llc captioned by media access group at wgbh access.wgbh.org

>> funding for "new scandinavian cooking" is made possie by the following... and seafd from norway. ♪ ♪ ♪ >> ekstedt: hi, and welcome to norway. today, i'm visiting this beautiful island of austevoll. i'm niklas ekstedt. welcome to "new scandinavian cooking."♪ ♪ ♪