sponsored by newshour productions, llc >> woodruff: good evening, i'm dy woodruff. on the newshour tonight, zimbabwe's post presidential- election violence-- police and military open fire on opposition supporters as the country waitsh fofinal vote tally. then, an internet conspiracy group surfaces during a trump ll. inside the online world of q-anon, and what their presence means for the republican party. and, with many residents still not connected to the power grid, ne debate over the future of energy in the navaion. plus, telling monticello's history beyond thomas jefferson. new exhibitions reveal the lymplex legacy of sally hemings and slavery in emerica. >> we as americans don't address some of the more complex issues of slavery, of sex, of power, of ownership.

and that is what is really interesting about sally hemings and her story >> woodruff: all that and more on tonight's pbs newshour. >> major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by: >> knowledge, it's were innovation begins. it's what leads us to discovery and motivates us to succeed. it's why we ask the tough questions and what leads us to the answers. at leidos, we're standing behind >> babbel. a language app that teaches real-life conversations in a new language. entrepreneurs and their solutions to the world's most pressing problems-- skollfoundation.org.

>> the lemelson foundation. committed to imrooving lives h invention, in the u.s. and developing countries. on the web at lemelson.org. >> supportedy the john d. and catherine t. macarthur foundation. committed to building a more just, verdant and peaceful world. more information at macfound.org >> and with the ongoing support of these institutions: >> this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting. and by contributions tn your pbs statom viewers like you. thank you. >> woodruff: president trump is under fire tonight over histe demand to end the special counsel's russia investigation. in a tweet this morning, he

said: "attorney general jeff sessions should stop this ritced hunt right now." in fact,essions has recused himself from any role in the probe. and the tweet drew critism from both parties, especially democrats, including senator richard blumenthal of connecticut. >> this tweet strikes me as very close to obstruction of justice. if it isn't a criminal act itself it's certainly evidence of intent to obstruct justice.s the president legitimate power to stop a lawful vestigation by a federal osecutor and especially when it's of himself. >> woodruff: utah senator orri hatch and several other republicans made the same point abouthe president's powers a said the mueller investigation needs to run its course. later, white house press secretary sarah sanders insisted the president did not ly direct sessions to do anything. >> it's not an order.

it's the president's opinion. and it's ridiculous that with all the corruption and dionesty that's gone on wi the launching of the witch hunt esident has watched this process play out. but he also wants to see it come to and end ahe's stated many times and we look forward toap thatpening. look the president is not obstructing. he's fighting back. in woodruff: special counsel robert mueller istigating alleged obstruction by the president, and whether his predidential campaign cooper with the russians. meanwhile, it was day two in the iminal trial of former trump campaign manager paul manafort. he's accused of tax and bank fraud in the years before his campaign role. earlier, the president sgested manafort has been treated worse than al capone, the chicago mobster who went to prison in the 1930's for income tax evasio mr. trump is also unhappy with the justice department, over 3d- printed guns. s justice had dropped effo

block online instructions for making the plastic weapons. the white houssaid today the president never approved dropping the case, and that he's glad a federal jge has now barred release of the blueprints. fire damages are still climbing in northern california. officials said today the carr fire has destroyed more than 000 homes and 440 other buildings. it's been burning west of redding for more than a week, and has killed at least six people.nd thousaof firefighters have only been able to contain 35% of the fire so far. and governor jerry brown said the state is being pushed to ita finalimits. >> we've got the money now, but i would say that things will get much tighter in the next five years. s over a decade we're going to have more fire, more destructive fire, more billis that will have to be spent on it, more adaptation, more prevention so all that is the new normal that we have to face.

>> woodruff: yet another fire ignited overnight, in mendocino county, north of san francisco. it threatens another0 homes. a federal appeals court in san francisco ruled today against esident trump's threat t withhold funding for sanctuary cities. the court said only congress may imop funding for cities that refuse to enforcgration laws. it also said a lower court mustn hold more he before it tries to ban the president's order nationwide. the presumed remains of dozens of american war dead, from the korean war, headed homtoday. a ceremony was held at soutkorea's osan air base, where 55 boxes arrived fromre north last week. then they were flown to hawaii for d.n. analysis. it follows the june summit between noh korean leader kim jong un and president trump. in all, some 7,700 amecans are still listed as missing from the korean war.

in mexico, investigatoan examining the wreckage of an aeromexico jetliner. it crashed tuesday in the northern state of durango. all 103 people on board survived, but dozens were injured. tv images showed the wreckage engulfed in fire. a witness reported hail, and durango's governor said high wind slammed the plane as it was taking off. >> ( trslated ): the plane h the ground with the left wing, losing both engines on that wing. e aircraft overshot the runway and stopped approximately 300 meters from the runway in a horizontal position, which allow the activation of the escape t slides andely evacuation of the passengers before the aircraft caught fire. >> woodruff: the governor said that in addition to the weather, mechanical failure or pilot d also be factors in the crash. s ck in this country, former president obama de his first foray into this fall'sio

mid-term ele: he formally endorsed 81 democrats. rthey include candidates congress and governor, but also for state legislativraces. he said he's focused on young, diverse candidates to build theu party're. the trump administration says it may impose even larger tariffs on $200 billion worth of imported chinese goods.da officials said the levy may be 25%, instead of 10%, asor inally planned. beijing called it "blackmail"ed and insit won't work. wells fao will pay $2.1 billion in fines, for its role in the subprime mortgage meltdown a decade ago. the u.s. justice department announced it today. wells fargo is one of the last big banks to settle charges that it understated the risk ofge sub-prime mort the federal reserve is keeping a key short-term interest rate unchanged for now. but it also indicated, aga today, that more rate hikes are

likely in the near future. and on wall street, the dow jones industrial average lost 81 points to close at 25,333. the nasdaq rose 35 points, and e s&p 500 slipped three. still to come on the newshour: violent protests in ziabwe as election results come in. the trump agenda in inner cities. a conspiracy theory gains some traction, and much more. >> woodruff: at least three people were killed today as demonstrators took to the streets of zimbabwe's capital to protest what they see as the rigging of monday's presidential election. the sitting prident and leader of the zanu p.f. party, emmerson mnangagwa, ran against a number of other candidates, includingle thing challenger, nelson

chamisa. in a moment, william brangham oll talk with a reporter m zimbabwe, but first we g the latest from the capital, harare, from jonathan miller of independent television news. >> reporter: "if you sell out," t ey chant "you will see twe are very dangerous." it's a threat, directed at the head of zimbabwe's eleorate p commission whoromised that the will of the people wilbenot ubverted. they think that's a lie. well you can see what's happening here. there's a lot of anger on the streets and the result of the presidential election hasn't even been called. so far, with the parliamentary results coming it, it looks like a zanu pf landslide. if these people are denied what they consider their victory, it will be chaos. should you not wt until y have an actual result? >> no, no we are not going to wait for that.

>> reporter: the movement for democratic change already smells a rat. mugabe stole elections. they are not going to let that happen this time and are convinced the resultsre rigged. we moved with the surging crowd. rocks were thrown into themp nd of the ruling zanu pf party and this was the response. (gun shots) get down, get down, get down, get down, get down, behind the tree. (gunfire) this is potentially disastrous for the new zimbabwe. this way. journalists, can we go? journalists, can w go? journalist! journalist! ray come with me! this country so despere to shed pariah status. this is now an extremely dangerous situation. a lot of live fire going one,

but is crowd will not be subdued. they are still outside the zanu pf headquarters here and they are so angry.wh e in harare, protesters caught by the army were severely beaten. this scene haunting reminiscent of the violence that characterized mugabes despotic rule. as the afternoon wore on, the crackle of automatic fire could be heard sporadically across the city. riot police fired tear gas and soldiers were deployed as armored personnel carriers and water carriers cruise the streets. and an army helicopter kept watch from above. this evening, streets of this catal had been emptied. it's spookily quiet and it's tense. no word from either presidential contender other than on twitter, nelson chamisa, the challenger, still claiming victory. emmerson mnangagwa, the

incumbent, calling ironically for everyone to act peacefully. the sults, we're told, will announced tomorrow. t brangham: for more insi what's going on with the election results, i'm joined by jonga kandemiri. he's a reporter who files for voice of america. he's based in zimbabwe. jonga, thank you very much for being here. could you give us a little bit more a sense of what is driving these protests? >> what's driving these protests, william, is t slowness by the electoralsi comm. the opposition members think the commissions manipulating the results by announcing the election results within the metropolitan constituencies. instead, they started announcing from far away in remote areas, and these areas are dominated bl

theg party, and i think this is what triggered the demonstrations that tooplace this afternoon. >> brangham: so people's concerns seem to b because it's taking so long, there seems there is foul play going on, that the election results are rigged somehow. >> that's true. also, they s areing the presidential candidate that'sel the advocaten chamisa, they think he won resoundingly, but the bilateral commissions to announce the ptle results. what it did didesterday was to announce national assembly results from remote areas and only today did they announce the results from the cities. >> brangham: i understand there were also complaints about the leadup to the election with accusations of voters being coerced and pressure being what are election observers in zimbabwe saying?

>> they give presentments on what they found or discovered during this electoral process. in a way, they endorsed the election as peaceful, but they have recommendations which they sent to the bilateral commission, and one of them is to allow enough time for the inspection and verification of the voters' roll. that is one of the areas voters were complaining that they only got the voter's roll in electronic mode two days before the nomination. >> brangham: we saw three people have already died in these protests. what is it like there now, and is it your sense that the protests will continue tomorrow? >> i think the protests wiluel continomorrow, but there's heavye presenc of anti-riot police officers and the military on e streets. i tried to stroll down the streets toheck on the conditions and the situation on

e streets. the army and the police wereg chout to people. so i'm not re those who are monstrating will be ableto gather in the city unless they gather outside the city and then they come and demonstrate, but i think the police and the military are ready to deal with that. >> brangham: jonga kandemiri,r thorchg for y time. >> you're welcome, william. thank you so much. >> woodruff: president trump's history with race is complicated, to y the least. critics have long-accused the president of racial insensitivity, from demanding president obama produce his u.s. birth certificate, to blaming" both sides" after last year's white nationalist rally in charlottesville turned violent,a yet in a meeting with a group of mostly african-american pastors, the president was praised as perhaps the "most pro-black president" in recent

history. yamiche alcindor begins our look t the president's commitm communities of color. >> alcindor: it's a data point that president trump has raised >> the african american unemployment rate haeved the lowest level in recorded history. u african americmployment is the best it's ever been in the history our country. >> alcindor: and as a candidate, president trump made this pitch to african-american voters, a pitch that was seen as both blunt and controversial. >> look hoammuch african ican communities have suffered under democratic control. to those i say the following: what do you have to lose by trying something new like trump? i say it again, what do you have to lose?in oou're livinoverty, your schools are no g you have no jobs.

>> alcindor: today at the white house several black pastors said he had helped improve life in inner cities. as part of his plan for urban areas, president tru i put ben carscharge of the department of housing and urban development. it's a role carson has used to look into tripling renan for poor t using federal assistance. he has also slowed an anti- segregation initiative and saidt pois a state of mind. those moves have angered some who see his policies as hurting people of color. critics of the administration have also pointed to the department of justtoe led by atrney general jeff sessions. sessions has pushed for longerth sentences foe convicted of federal crimes. has discouraged the use of affirmative action by colleges and universities. still some say president trump

has been eager to embrace black leaders. he had a group of h.b.c.u. presidents gather in the oval office. and today, he said he was eager to keep his door open. bishop harry jackson was one of the pastors who met with president trumusat the white this afternoon. he serves as pastor of hope christian church in beltsville, maryland. bishop jackson, thanks for joining me today. you were two seats away from the presidenmo what was th important thing you heard from the president about improving inner cities and urban areas? >> well, i heard h he had commitments for 4 million jobs,i an the unemployment rate already going down, he's got commitments for 4 million jobs but also a commitment to returning citizens from prison, and the overcriminallization of the black and hispani communities are a part of a problem that isso generational. heard good news. i believe that his legacy will

be huge if he actually does something, but most politicians just talk. >> well, housing secretary ben carson said poverty is a state of mind. he's also moved to raise the rent on poor tenants who are using fedalssistance. he also said he wants to slow anti-segregation initiatives. what do you think about theseli es, especially as we know, yes, the unemployment rate is at historic lows, but wages are also very low. doest help people to raise rent at a time like this? >> well, i think whas needed, to your point, is cash infusion. one of the things he talked about are opportunity zones or businesses coming to give higher wages. i'm trust ing mr. trumpas opposed to carson's approaches,u part of the administration, are going to take a long time to kind of work

themselves out. i think that what mr. trump is going to do igoing to be much more decisive, much more effective in the short term, and that's what i'm counting on. trust that ben carson has thought the long game out from his perspective, but your poieo ise are hurting right now. >> you say you trust in the president. >> yes. of course, ben carson works for the president, so a lot of theie pol it sounds like you're in some ways concerned about are thingssi pnt trump has supported. but i want to turn to the o departme justice. attorney general jeff sessions say people should have longer federal sentences, he also said he doesn't want colleges and universities to be using affirmative action. when yho look at this does this specifically help african-americans when he know africaamericans are disproportionate prison times and convicted as other people of color? >> well, i can't defd mr. sessions at all. i don't agree with anything you just said from his perspective.

>> these are all, of course, things that president trump supports. >> i think there's a little dissidence between trump's vision for americaay and sessions walking it out. i can't speak in much more detail, except that part of the urban plan has reentry jobs as a part of the thing. so, again, i'm thinking people who have philosophical direction in the administrationut maybe not the compassion and the heart as the president himself has, i'm hoping itcan partner phome every year.rning citizens we're starting a program calledg "bad home for the holidays." >> i want to geack back to the idea president trump ran as a law and order president, he supports more policing people think will hurts. african-americ seems like you're separating attorney general jeff sessions oth the president, but the president is t supporting

these policies. >> well, i think you can be for keeping the law an still be pro people. >> that's how you see the president? >> i see the president himself like that. talking to him today, he had a bunch of democratic pastors in the room, aew conservatives, but i think he won our hearts with, a, his sincerity but also by his action. >> the last thing i want to ask you about, the naacp h said that the president is a raciso,. he a after the charlottesville, there was a young woman who died protesting nazis, he said there was blame on both sides. has this president done anythin you see a racially discriminatory both in words or in policy? >> well, i would say this -- i believe that there's apin some media has put on. some of our afri friends and others, we're hypersensitive -- >> but what do you think? have you specifically ever seen the president do something that

youhought was racially derogatory or discriminatory in licy or practice? >> no. you haven't specifically? no but i've talked to him eyeball to eyeball about race and the needs in america, and the guys whose eyes i looked in is not a racist. and i do believe, though, if we're going to fix america's 400-year-old black-white problem starting with racism,ouan't just blame 45 for the problem and think that makes youkay as a citizen or a legislator when you're not doing anything toge ch the situation of african-americans and others.>> ell, thank you so much for joining me, bishop jackson, i really appreciate it. >> you're very kind. thank you for having me. >> woodruff: stay with us, coming up on the newsh

residents of the navajo nation living off the electrity grid. expanding health care plans with limited coverage. and giving new voice to sally hemings, an enslaved woman owned by thomas jefferson. last night, president trump spoke at a rally in tampa. the crowd was visibly angry at reports who were there to cover the event, and weren't afraid to show it. (shouting) > >> woodruff: also in the crowd,l people whove in the "q q anon claims that a shadowyca bal within the u.s. government is at war with president trump, and that the president will soon purge the nation of these enemies. for more on this conspiracy and

how it's spread, i'm joined by newshour's p.j. tobia. he's been following this. p.j., first of all, what is k anon? >> so this -- q anon? this a l startedt fall on an anonymous online message bod. last fall use calling himself q anon began mosing nuggets of information, q is one of the highest security clearances in the government. q claims to be highly placed in the vernment and has visibility into a kind of conspiracy of globalists, rmanent crimina government that's been running the u.s. government for decades, this includes the clintons, the obamas, george soros and man others. the conspiracy goes on to posit president trump will team up with the u.s. military and crush thisabal by throwing them a in jail starting with hillary clinton. >> woodruff: do they have any evidencehahis is going on, the obamas, the clintons are

trying to overthrow president trump? >> so what they're claiming as evidence are q's post on four chan and migrated to eight cn. he calls them bread crumbs because that's what they, ares, they're cluel watch for this, look for that, and people breadhem and unpack these crumbs and read into it kind of what they will. things like president trump's tweets where it's ll known he misspells things occasionally or maybe uses imprope grammar, he says those are actually clues, part of the actions that the prakident is about to t to crush this kabal. >> woodruff: so who's on board with this? who are the people who are following this? there were people atyhis ra last night in tampa wearing t-shirts or holding signs saying q anon. who are these folks? how many of them? >> when it comes to conspiracy theories or fringe groups on the right or left, it's hard to quantitquantity -- quantify andy

numbers, buttube pages where q anon's bread crumbs are packed and discussed have condreds of thousands of hits, twitter ts with tens of thousands of hits, so a lot of folks are engaging in this content online. some experts who watch conspiracy theories and groups say it's probably not nearly the number of people who say believe the moon landing was fake or believe in the conspiracy about the j.f.k. assassination, but still prominent trumpupporters have tweeted and said things positively about the q anon conspiracy. >> woodruff: one of the people believe in this showed up at the hoover dam in june? >> in june a young man showe up at the hoover dam, resulted in an armed standoff wh law enforcement. he had a sign that said release the oig report referring to department of justice rept into hillary clinton's use of a

private email server. the report said the real report hadn't been released and there were other reports more critical of mirkt and the democrats and culled resulted in them getting arrested and that's what hese wanted rel >> woodruff: does this go --es where his go? do authorities watch? there is knotting illegal about it, is there? >> no, nothing illegal at all, they're just talking on socia media. as this appears in the real world, we will be watching. the bottom line is it's a conspiracy to protect trump. things that ght seem like bad news as the mueller investigation they look as part of trump's grand strategy. he wanted to make it look like he wd collu with russia on purpose so robert mueller would be hiredo ey could team up together to investigate the clintons and the rest of the deep state and their global dophile sex ring. p>> woodruff: so that takes a lot of thinking to get thatar.

>> and a lot of talking. they spill a lot of digitalnk online about this stuff. >> woodruff: p.j. tobia who has been flowing and will continue to follow it. thank you, p.j. >> thank you, judy. >> woodruff: in the navajo nation, many residents still live off the grid, making itiv challenging totheir day- to-day lives. special correspondent fred de sam lazaro recently traveled to the sprawling reservathich is spread across parts of new mexico, arizona and utah. it's part of our weekly segment on the leading edge of science and technology. >> reporr: neighbors and visitors are few and far between in much of the navajo nation in northeastern arizona. so grace white was especially happy to get a recent visit from melissa parrish, who worksor the navajo electric utility.

75-year-old white survives and even speaks much like her ancestors did, living in a mudit hogan,neither electricity nor running water >> ( translated ): i use kerosene for lighting and wood to heat my home. fresh food doesn't last more than a day or two. so for meat, i dry it in the sun to make jerky. >> reporter: for more than 60 years she and her fa have tried to get connected to the electrical grid. they've even bui a more modern building on their homestead with light fixtures and electrical outlets just waiting to be hooked up. but it would cost more than $40,000 to do so. that's money she doesn't have.th one-ird of the homes in navajo nation, about 18,000, have no access to grid electricity

back in the 1930s and '40s, the federal government provided loans to utilities to connect rural and remote areas to the grid under the rural electrification act. hower, the navajo nation, li many reservations, was bypassed. utilities didn't typ serve native lands and opted not to expand into them. the irony is the navajo nation is a huge exporter of electricity. the biggest coal fired plant west of the mississippi is located here, churning out power that is sold to millions of stomers in arizona, nevada and california. what the navajo nation did get from the plant and a coal mine that fed it is employment: more than a thousbs. but now, even that could soon be lost. the plant's phoenix-based owners plan to shut it down next year >> it's challenging and frustrating. >> reporter: navajo l speaker lorenzo bates says the unemployment rate as it is, is

50 percent on the reservation, which stands to lose not only the jobs but many people who held them. >> it's either take a transfer or you're out of a job. the breadwinners of the family,c are literally to go someplace else to work. >> reporter: he says the mine and power plant pay some 30 to $40 million in annual taxes and royalties which are needed by the tribe. >> youth programs, any social services. >> reporter: tribal leaders are trying to find a buyer f the plant to avoid the shut down. it won't be easy.ma energy experts, including the plant's current owners, say cleaner burning natul gas is cheaper than coal. others see a new opportunity. with its wide-open windblown spaces and abundant sunshine, many here in navajo country see the solution to its energy nds in renewables. and the first major installment of those is called the kayenta solar project.

a massive array ofollectors that's big enough to power more than 13,000 homes. plans are already underway to double the size of this array, and within five years it is expected to generate nearly the same amount of power as the navajo generating station. 23-year-old tasi malala saysnl solar is ty way forward. h ped build the this solar field, which also launched his career. l >>rned everything from the bottom up. from the piles in the ground to installing the hardware. managing my own crew, to actually setting up communications here that go bacn to the controlr. >> reporter: nearly 300 people were employed during theth construction oarray. most of them, like tasi malala, were navajo. >> having these jobs open up, it's really opening a lot more doors for the younger generation, kids or even people in high school. >> reporter: however, once construction was done,ew jobs remained.

tasi malala was hired by the company that built this array. o but muhis work is off the reservation, from south carolina to geoia and now california working on new installations. and that's the problem that tasi's father, george malala, has with renewables. he says coal has been a reliable source of energy and stability. >> for me, coal is long term years of employment, it employs a lot of people mpared to natural gas and solar. r orter: he is a mechanic in the coal mine which will likely close down with the power plant, tearing apart community and lifestyle, in his case the pular hobby of rodeo. >> it's families that are going to break up.be there won'othing but ghost towns. we've seen it through historyep. >>ter: there's a classic generational divide here. coal has brought a good living to the father, solar promises a good one this son.

but few people argue with protesting employees and their supporters that nothing could soon replace the economic impacg of n., the navajo generating station but large solar fields won'tel brintricity to people living far from the grid. so the tribal utility has begun installing off-grid home units. about 3,000 panels have been installed so far but the utility's resources are limited and many more families are on the waiting li. 78-year-old glenda ashley recalls what it was like to live witht a refrigerator.ea >> we bought we had the old refrigerator, freezer and we leave it out there overnight, because its colder out there. >> reporter: but you couldn't store meat for more than a night? no, no. >> reporter: six years ago she got an off gd solar system that now powers a refrigerator.

itas brought convenience a huge savings from fewer trips to the grocery store, t nearest one is a 45-minute drive >> it ally is a help. >> reporter: she sll needs to conserve to keep the appliance going. too many lights on or too much tv on could drain the limited power stored in the unit's batteries. limited as it is an off grid system would be a huge improvement for grace white. but the utility's parrish couldo onlyse she'd be back soon, no fixed dates, with a solar installation. it could be months or even years away. for e pbs newshour, i'm fred de sam lazaro in the navajo nation. >> woodruff: fred's reporting is a partnership with the under-told stories project at the university of st. thomas in minnesota.

>> woodruff: today, the trump administration took another step toward doing so by changing rules that would allow consumers touy cheaper insurance. but as lisa desjardins explains, there are concerns the plansar could beul to consumers with health problems who could find the reough coverage.out >> desjardins: thedent says there needs to be more affordable options than somef the insurance available through the obamacare marketplaces. the short-term plans will likely offer much lower premiums. but insurers would not have to cover pre-existing conditions, or offer the same benefits as required by the affordable careu act. ently, people can only use short-term coverage for three monthsle but the new would allow people to keep those plans for a year, and potentially renew it for a total of three years. julie appleby covers this for kaiserealth news. and joins me now. julie, let me just start off rightway, while the trump

administration says these are good options for people, cheaper, opponents say they're skimpy and risky. just explain whathe plansy. >> stheers short-term plans that are meant to be stopgap between maybe you've lost your job or between jobs and need coverage, so they're meant to be a stopgap, for a long time.und they are, currently, as you mentioned, available only up to 90 days, so you have to rene them every few months. the trump administration is changing the rules on that to make them available for up to a year. they have some similarities to what we're used to as job-basedc insu but there are major differences. they're less expensive because they cover a lot less. they can be choosey about who they pick. if you are sick or have a pre-existing condition, you may not be able to buy one of these plans. >> i was looking at what one the plans mook like for someone like me and the deductibles were huge. thu would pay eveg up to $10,000 but your premium is much less.

who would benefit from this? who would be the winners of this change? >> so ige folks that find these appealing are generally younger and healthier people. those folks who don't have a pre-existing condition because those folks won't be able to buy insurance, this might appale to them. it's also for folks struggling to pay for an affordable care act plan becse they don't get a subsidy. the affordable care act provides subsidies for people who earn up to about $48,000 for an but if you don't get a subsidy, some of the premiums can beery excessive. the trump administration says they will offer the plans, they will be lower cost, but the caveat is they cover less and may have high deducti the other thing, the short term plans don't have to follow the c affordabe act rules so they could have annual or lifetime limits which are barred in the affordable care act plans. >> catastrophic disease plan?

some patient advocacy group will be concerned that some of these people who are sick or become sick buy them and don't realize they don't cover a lot of things or have hig deductibles. >> you may have cancer and be on the hook for a lot. >> yes, folks really have to read the fine print on these plans. nistration in their new rule that came out today said that they are going to require insurerst to put s of a little box on their plan and say these plans may not cover everything, read evything, it might not cover hospitalization or emergency room care and to read the planse lly before you purchase. >> almost a risk warning for your insurance. >> right. i want to talk about the sco thereof. let's look at the numbers about short-term plans. eright now are some looks like 122,500 people who use these plans on the individual market. the white house has said in the

last day that they think this change will change out substantially to 600,000, almost five times as many, and that in three years there will b almost more than 1.5 million people who use these short-term plans. that's a huge change for these plans, but what does that mean in terms of individual markets and how is this going to effect the healt of obamacare? because, obviously, this is the president trying to go after the affordable care act. >> right. there's been a number ofma ess on how many people buy these plans, and yo -- ahi i until they offer them it's hard to know how many will sign up. red government expects # hu thousand people in the first year, in 2019, and think about0 200, of them will be those who obably don't get a subsidy so might jump to one of these. the concern is this will raise premiums for those who stay in the affordable care act because it siphons out the younger and

healthier folks, so the premiu may gop in the affordable care act place. if you're getting a subsidy, your subsidy is also going t increase. so folks who get a subsidy may not see that much of a difference, but the very people struggling to buy coverage right nose folks buying it on their own and don't get a subsidy, they may see a premium increase as a result and some may not able to buy aer short plan because they have a pre-existing condition. >> so while this isn't a huge market, it will grow and could haipple effects. >> it could. there's about 14 million tpeope affordable care act now. ov0,000 of those leave. but time that could grow. >> julie appleby with kaiser health news, thank you very much. >> thank you. >> woodruff: a new chapter has recently been added to the storn abouof america's most historic leaders. jeffrey brown visits thomas jefferson's ho and explains how a visit through the past now

brings with it an updated understanding. it's the latest in our race matters series. >> brown: sally hemings: no portrait exists, so we don't know what she lookedlike. but now this silhouette and a new exbition here at monticello bring a largely hidden story into the open and make a definitive public statement about her decades-long relationship with thomas jefferson, the man who owned her and this plantation. nia bates is monticello's public storian of slavery and african-american life. >> we as americans don't address some of the more complex issues of slavery, of sex, of power, of ownership. and that is whats really interesting about sally hemings and her story. we want people tsee now that sally hemings is a real person. and that she had a real legacy. >> bronticello, built between 1768 and 1808 in charlottesville, virginia, was

home to jefferson, third president of the united states, write declaration of independence, enlightenment thinker, slave ownerre than 600 people.rs visiave long come here to see and admire his mansion and its many wonde. the first tour to focus on theeo enslaved pe here only began in 1993. but over the last several decades monticello has slowly expanded the story beyond jeffern, through research and archeological work, to include the vast majority of those who lived and worked here. at a site about a half mile from the main house, students in a summer programug trenches, sifted dirt, and found ceramics, nails, and other artifacts of slave life. fraser neiman is monticello's director of archeology. >> it's kind of the undeniable remains. it's kind of the undeniable physical remains of the people who were the vast majority of

residents. they didn't leave behind the tens of thousands of letters that jefferson did, but they did leavbehind thousands of piec of trash and artifacts that we can begin to learn a little bit more about their lives. >> brown: the restoration of" ilberry row" beginni2011 opened a window onto the workplaces and houses ofed enslrtisans and domestic workers. >> i think monticello is a a microcosm of trican story, right. how willing have the american people been to acknowledge slavery as their history and not someone else's history? >> brown: leslie greene bowman is psident of the thomas jefferson foundation, which owns and operates monticello. in 2000 monticel published a report on d.n.a. and other evidence of jefferson's ternity of hemings' six children, four of whom survived to adulthood. that and work by leading scholars helped bring public acceptance. some doubters remain, but experts and monticello itself now consider this a settled

matter. >> monticello says he's the father of her children.>> rown: no question. >> no question. >> brown: this summer the undation opened six new exhibits, including ovantation's first kitchen. the archeology ued a stew stove of the kind jefferson found and admired in paris, iere he served as u.s. ambassador to franthe 1780s. sally's brother james hemings was trained in french cooking in paris and used the stove here at monticello. but the main new addition, in what until now was a public restroom for visitors, is a display on the life ly hemings, in one of the two rooms researchers now believe she lived in. part of her story is told inhe words of her son, madison, who gave an oral history of life at monticello in 1873 sally hemings was just 13 or 14 years old when she went to paris as a maidservant, and the

relationship with jefferson, then 43, began. when jefferson returned home she could have stayed in paris as a free woman, but negotiated terms for returning to monticel: that her future children would be freed at age 21. >> what we're trying here is to give our visitors everything that we know. g so we'en the basic biography, her birthday, her death day, the days that she was in paris, what she was doing,e pe of work, where she lived. omt we've also been able to have some of those moreex conversations. again, about the nature of the relationship. was it consensual? was it love? we don't actually know the answer to the question. >> brown: outside the room, a plaque asks, without answe?ing: was it r >> it absolutely had to be asked. there's no way that we could talk about sally hemings and komas jefferson and not t about the power dynamic between the two of them. he did o her. and it would not be acceptable owr us to tell this story and not address that imbalance. >> brown: an oral historyt

projeccalled "getting word" has been another key part of the new effo here, bringing in descendents of the hemings and other enslaved families. 70-year-old diana redman is a direct descendent of sally hemings and thomas jefferson. andrew davenport, 28, is the eat-great-great-great grandson of sally's brother, peter. >> when i look around monticello, i see the labors ofl the ed community, and what they were able to do. jefferson ght have had the vision, but the enslaved community operated, acted upon that vision and built the vision. buildi this edifice, that we had been part of everything that is monticello. knowing that i had enslaved relatives, w were here, who were involved in the carpentry, who were involved in the cookin and the gardening. and so was born, this is where my ancestors lived and labored. it made it feel .fferent for

>> brown: can you describe the difference? what did you feel? >> i won't say it was a sense of ownersp. it was a sense of being. >> brown: a sense of being? >> yes, being where my ancestors had been before me, gave me that sense of, okay, we're part of this country we're parhis growth, we're part of a bigger picture, and i can lay hands on things that they did, the places >> it's my identity. surely i'm white, as well, but this is part of our story. and i would be denying a significt part of my history, and our history, if i didn't own up to the fact that, yes, i maya as a white man, or whatever you see in me, thas up to you, but i have to identify as having african-american history, and this is my story. >> brown: how do you see both the injustices to d the contributions of your ancestors who were here? >> that's the hope, that we can begin to share these stories

ssth a wider world, so that we understand, regardf the institution of slavery, individuals thrived, personally within their sphere. and they made life and love here, too. so this is as complex as it gets. >> brown: what about when you actually walk in that rom? >> i see the image, and i would love to know what she looked like. but that's not meant to and i think that's a sadness, but that's a sadness for manynt descenof enslaved families. >> brown: nticello officials are also hoping the new exhibits will help attract americans of all races to vie history.mmon for the pbs newshour, i'm jeffrey brown at monticello in charlottesville, virginia. >> woodruff: online, we have an extended conversation with the monticello descendantswe featured in our story. that's on our web site, pbs.org/wshour. finally tonight, a unique program that teaches urban youth

how to build boats and in the process, grow their communication skills and self- confidence. the story is reported by student anthony rivera and comes to us through our student reporting b at the "u school" in philadelphia. >> reporter: high schooler saviel veras nunez is becoming an expert in a field that some would consider unusual for a teen livg in north philadelphia: boat building. >> we try new stuff every day, and we build different boats and there comes the day when we've got to go and try it at the water. >> reporter: savieis part of a apprenticeship program at the w philadelphiaden boat factory.d founde 1996, the organization provides after school programming for urban youth living in some of the city's toughest neighborhoods. emma bergman is a social work and served as the organization's clinical director for two years. >> many of the young people who come to us who are recruited through their differenol communities have experienced some kind of trauma as a result

of living in areas where there are high rates of poverty and also community violence. o and programming is designed to be a trauma informed program where we support young people by engaging in corrective experiences ple that work here treat us like family. they always there for even when we go into the good times and the low times >> reporter: the organization balances boat-making programsan with sociaemotional peer and counselor-led support. former executive director bret hart says the objective is to cm young people with the skills to problem solve allenge. >> so having social workers on our staff, and having those supports in place for the young bpeople who engage and thng intentional about the social emotional health and aspects of our program build a sustainable model for apprenticeship for teenagers who are in a crazy hectic moment in their lives to

>> reporter: clarence thomas graduated from wooden boaty factd now works as an engineering aide for the city of philadelphia. the program helped him overcomet the disappointf not being able to play professional aotball. >> i literally h my goals set on football. you know i didn't care about anything else. when i came here it was like, hey, you know there's just there's something else that you can also be interested in. >> reporter: perhaps the most visible impact can be seen in the feeling students have when they finally get to put their boats in the water. >> it was amazing. i can't explain it because it f s an accomplishment that i don't know a lotople that have built a boat before and to put on the water. but sailing on the water. it was unexplainable. this program iacted my life by y and mentally because i would break down and go "i can't do this." and you know you have to figure it out because that's the way you going to build the boay that's the oy you're going to progress.

>> reporter: for the pbs newshour student reporting labs, this is anthony riviaa in philadelpennsylvania. >> woodruff: and that's the newshour for tonight. i'm judy woodruff. join us online and again here tomorrow evening. for all of us at the pbs newshour, thank you and see you soon. >> major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by: >> consumer cellular understands that not everyone needs an unlimited wireless plan. our u.s.-based customer service reps can help you choolan based on how much you use your phone, nothing more, nothing ess. to learn more, go to consumercellular.tv >> babbel. a language app that teaches real-life conversations in a new la,uage, like spanish, fren german, italian, and more.

>> and with the ongoing support of these institutions and inviduals. >> this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting. and by contributions to your pbe station from v like you. thank you. captioning sponsored by newshour productions, llc captioned by wg media access group a access.wgbh.org

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