captioning sponsored by newshour productions, llc >> woodruff: good eving. i'm judy woodruff. on the newshour tonight: hicles, concrete and ste rain down after a bridge collapse in genoa, italy during a violent storm, leavingore than two dozen dead. then, a new report implicates hundreds of catholic pries of sexually abusing victims in a decades-long scandal in pennsylvania. and, we take a look inside a so-called kindergarten boot camp, helping the youngest students transition into the classroom. >> kindergarten is so foundational, and this is where children are learning to read. i thwhere they are learning how to interact with each other, it is the very basis of the rest of their education. >> woodruff: all that and more, on tonight's pbs newshour.

>> major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by: >> kevin. >> kevin! >> kevin? >> advice for life. life well-planned. learn more at raymondjames.com. >> babbel. hat teachesprogram real-life conversations in a new language, like spanish, french, german, italian, and more. babbel's ten to 15 minut lessons are available as an app, or online. more information on babbel.com. >> consumer cellular. >> and with the ongoing support of these institutions:

>> this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting. and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. >> woodruff: the prime minister of italy calls it "an immense tragedy." at least 26 people died in today's bridge disaster in genoa. jo >> yang: the moment of horror-- captured on cell phone video-- as 260 feet of bridge collapsedg in a driviain storm. the elevated roadway plunged 150 feet, sending cars and concrete hurtling to the grou this man was standing outside his truck beneath the bridge.sl >> ( traned ): i flew for about 10 meters. thhit a wall, and that's it, i don't remember anyg else. >> yang: the busy morandi viaduct in genoa sits on a key highwalinking the city with milan. it also connectso a

thoroughfare for travelers heading west to fran. officials said as many as 35 cars and three trucks were o the bridge when it fell onto industrial buildings and into a nearby river hundreds of firefighters and emergency workers searched through crushed cars, mangled steel and concrete debris for bodies and survivors. some were airlifted to hospitals by helicopter, while the hunt went on. >> ( translated ): we are continuing with the rescue operations because we think there are other people alive under the rubble.tr we have exted people from the rubble. now we are focusing on assisting the people, and later on, we will understand what caused the collapse of the bridge. >> yang: the reinforced concrete span dated from 1967. it's one of thousands of bridges but across italy in the 1950s and '60s. interior minister matteo salvini ibomised that anyone respo for the bridge failure will bent held accle.

>> ( translated ):ntow is the mof relief, intervention, work, sweat and prayer. o night will have tothe time to find out s responsible, the names and surnames of those who are guilty of unacceptable den hs. >> yang:e meantime, search teams are working into the night. for thpbs newshour, i'm john yang. >> woodruff: ithe day's other news, an early morning bus crash in ecuador killed at least 24 peoe, and injured 22. officials said the bus struck an oncoming vehicle at high spe, and flipped. it happened southeast of the capital, quito, in an area known as "dead man's curve." many of the passengers were colombian and venezuelan. a car plowed into pedestrians in london today, outside the houses of parliament, injuring three people. it was the latest such incident in the city. police labeled it a terrorist act. the crash came during the busy morning rush hour. the driver was taken into custody, but investigators said he had refused to talk.

back in this country, president trump escalated his war of words with former white house senior aviser omarosa manigult-newman. in new book, she claims there a audio recording of mr. trump using a racial slur. on twitter today, the president called her a "crazed, crying l row-life" aerred to her as "that dog." later, press secretary sarah e nders was asked to guarantee that there is no t mr. trump using the "n-word." >> i can't guarantee ag, but i can tell you that the president has addressed this question directly. i can tell you that i've never heard it. >> reporter: just to be clear, you can't guarantee it? >> ah-- look, i haven't been in every singleoom. i can tell you the president has addressed this directly. he's addressed it rectly to the american people. and i can tell you what the focus and the heart of the president is, and that's helping all americans. >> woodruff: meanwhile, the trump campaign sued migault- newman, accusing her of

violating a non-disclosure agreement. we will focus on that issue, later in the program. the defense for foer trump campaign chair paul manafort rested its case today, without calling any witnesses. manafort faces charges of bank and tax fraud from the years before he joined t trump campaign. closing arguments will begin tomorrow morning. a scathing grand jury repo in pennsylvania today detailed decades of catholic priests sexually abusing children. the panel found that at least 1,000 children were molested by more than 300 clergy, over many years. but, it said, a conspiracy of silence extended all the way to the vatican. >> the cover-up was sophisticated, and all the while, church leadership kept records of the abuse and the cover-up. these documents, from the dioceses' own "secret archives," formed the backbone of this

investigation. >> wdruff: we will speak wit attorney geral josh shapiro-- and a top church official-- after the news summary. d authorities in chile raie offices of a major catholic church organization today. they are investigang accusations that members of the "marist brothers" religious der molested children. targeted the church's episcopal conference headquarrs in santiago. it comes after pope francis denounced a "cultu of abuse and cover-up" in the chilean church. in afghanistan, taliban fighters overran a military base, killing at least 17 soldiers. they attacked the site in northern faryab province, and claimed dozens of soldiers surrendered. i buthe east, afghan troops said they pushed taliban forces back from ghazni after a five-. day batt hundreds have been killed, and urndreds more have fled. the president ofy called

today for boycotting u.s. electronic and other goods, in a growing diplomatic dispute. last week, the u.s. doubled tariffs on turkish metals, because ankara is holding an american preacher on terror charges.id but prt recep tayyip erdogan insisted today toul members of hisg party that turkey will not give way. >> ( translated we need to maintain our firm political stance. since the economic attack we are being exto has nothing to nt with our economic realities, there are other inns behind this; we need to take our potion accordingly. we will produce every product we e e importing from abroad with foreign currency hd we will be the ones exporting these products. >> woodruf the turkish lira fell to record lows against the dollar earlier this week, over teions with the u.s. and erdogan's economic policies. china is condemning a u.s. back in this country, the california wildfires have claimed another firefighter's life-- the sixth one this year. a utah firefighter died last

night battling the huge mendocino complex fire, north of san francisco. separately, most of yosemite national park reopened after fires forced it to close for nearly three weeks. a west virginia supreme court justice announced her retirement today, after being impeached. robin davis is one of four justices accused of misspending more than $3 million on office renovations. the state house impeached all four on monday. davis said she will let a special election choose her replacement. and on wall street, smallco any stocks and retailers led the way.in the dow jonestrial average gained 112 points to close near 25,300. the nasdaq rose 51, and the s&p 500 added 18. still to come on the newshour: hundreds of catholic p named in another sex abuse plandal. can white house ees be bound by non-disclosure agreemts? an impassioned lk inside the

opioid crisis and its hold on the nation. plus, much more. >> woodruff: there are new findings of sexual abuse of children by catholic priests, this time in pennsylvania. a two-year-long grand jury investigation made public today found some 300 priests abused more than 1,000 identifiable victims over a period of 70 t years, at bishops and other church leaders covered up the crimes, often moving priests to other churches, after allegations came to light. in sses, the perpetrators were even promoted. first, peannnsy attorney general josh shapiro joins us from harrisburg. g mr. attorneral, thank you for joining us.

disturbing doesn't even begin to do justice to this report. how would you sum it up? >> 301 ripredatorests, a systematic cover-up by church leadership, more than 1,000ch d victims over decades. there's no other way to sum it up other than saying that. this is the most comprehensive report done into clergy sex abuse in the history of this country. and the 23 grandeur roars in pennsylvania put forth a specific plan on how we could help move our commonwealth forward with legal changes necessary, but most importantly, today was a day for sunshine. sunshine is a powerful disinfectant, and sunshine is what we got here today in the commonwealth of pennsylvania. >> woodruff: wellwe don't begin to have time to go into the details of eveth one of e, but i did read a good portion of this. can you give us just som examples of the kind of abuse that's taken place and when it

took place? >> well, understand, this took place over decades. again, documented proof involving 301 predator priests. one priest raped and assaultednk and abused five sisters in the same family. one priest so violently raped a young boy that e had to get iesatment for his back inj as a result of that abuse, treatment that involved opoid painkillers that ultimately he got hooked on and died from. we saw catholic priests weaponnizing their faith, using their faith as a tool of the abuse, and all the while the t bishope monsignors, the cardinals covered it up. >> woodruff: when you say they covered it up, i heard the archbishop of pittsburgh today describing what happened during

that period pointing out that riblewhat happened was ter and horrific, but he stayed worst of it happened more than two decades ago, and h said it was not so much a cover-up as following proceres at the time. >> bis ihop zubs flat out wrong. bishop zubik was fathebik for quite some time. he was promoted for his t role he played in this cover-up. this isn't a matter of b interpretatik and forth. we not only relied on people testifying before our grand jury over a twor -ynvestigation, but we relied on the church's own records, the church'swn documents and what they called a secret archivero they had a of documents that not only detailed the abuse, but detailed the cover-up, as well, the work done by these bishops to pass these predator priests from place to place to get them out of one particular church where they were abusing and put them into

another. it's all documented in those secret arvehi and as for the bishops' claim that this was a long time ago, judy, child rape in the s970 is no different than child rape in 2018. it is never something that should be tolerated. it is never something that should be acceptable, esecially inside a place of worship. >> woodruff: when you say the cover-up rea ted all the way he vatican, explain what you mean. ere were documents in the church's own secret archives where bishopnotified the vatican of the predator priests, notified them otheir plns to pass them from place to place. and we have no proof that the vatican did anything about it other than keep it quiet, as well. >> woodruff: how do youpl n that this went on as long as it did? well, judy, look. it is inexplicable. it's my job as the attorney general of the commonwealth of pa, the chief prosecutor, to forth the facts, to make sure

the people of pennsylvania know wh occurred. to do what the grand jury asked me to do, which is to provide the information and then also provide recommended reforms so that something like this can ver happen again. we did that today. it is not my job to figure outch how thch is going to heal or what they're going to do from eere. it's any job to sent the facts. and we presented those facts today. we prsented facts that were buttressed by the church's very own documentation from their secret archives. imagine, that judy. they not only had these predator priests amongst them, they not only knew about the predator middle east and what they were doing, but they comed it, and they locked in a vault calleda secret archive that the bishop had the key to. >> woodruff: attorney general josh shapiro telling us just ath portion of truly horrible set of stories, a story thahas emerged today.

thank you very much. >> thank yo judy >> woodruff: and now we turn to father thomas reese, a jesuit priest, and senior analyst for "religion news service." rather reese, as we said, horrible, fic, you know, fese terms don't do justice. what does this mer the catholic chu'rh? >> youabsolutely right. this report is filled with disgusting, appalling stories of abuse of children that should never have happened.no you one child being abused is terrible, but 1,000, this is appalling. and the bishops that were invoed at the time and were covering it up and moving priests from place to place, they should never have been maed bishops. they never should have had that job, and they should have taken

responsibility for what they did and sign. thankfully the church now has in place rus that say there is zero tolerance for abuse. the grand jury only found two priests who were involved inhe abuse inlast ten years. that's two too many, but it's not the kind of numbers that we saw from decades ago. there has to be zero tolerance for abuse. there has to be zero tolerance r cover-ups, and i think the pope recently deanded the resignations of all the bishops en chile because they wer involved in cover-ups. and i think now the church is beginning to take this very seriously, but we have to keep them on trget doing this. >> woodruff: well, one of the people the attorney general and others p fingerented to in this report is the curcant inal, the archbishop of washington, cardinal whirl, because he was in charge of this

diocese of ttsburgh, one the diocese involved, the one that involved the largest numbef riests, the largest number of incidents. what does it say that he is in position of influence and power today? >> well, i have not read the chapter on pittsbuh. i think the people of pittsburgh and the people of washington have to read it and make theirn own judgmentit. i know, however, that whenever bishop whirl was the bishop of pittsburgh, he removed a middle east who was accused abuse and solved in abuse, and he was overruled by th vatican. the vatican told him to put this priest back into member industry. and whirl would not accept that. whirl objected. he went to the vaticanand fought them on that, and he got them to change their mind. instances that bishop whirl was involved in, but i know of at case, where he fought tooth and nail to get that iest out of ministry, taking on the vatican,

taking on cardinals in the vatican, to do so. >> woodruff: just quickly, are structures n in place to prevent, to make sure that isif ort of thing is going on today that the individuals involved are found, that they're punished, and that as much is being done as possible to prent it? >> first of all, anybody, aan laa priest, anybody involved with children in the catholic church has to go through a police background check. secondly, any accusation of abuse has to be reported to the police. and thirdly, any priest who has credible accusations of abuset agaim has to be removed from the ministry, and a full investigation takes place. and if that information is found to be substantiated, then he can never, never be involved in ministry again.f: >> woodrather thomas

reese, thank you very much. such a disturbing story. thank you. very disturbing. >> woodruff: the trump campaign is suing foraffer omarosa manigault-newman for allegedly violating a non-disclosure agreement she signed when she joined the campaign in 2016. as william brangham explains, thhe comes amid reports that trump administration has also reied to get white house staff to sign similar ents. >> brangham: these non- disclosure agreements are increasingly common in the corporate world, but far less so in government. the trump campaign alleges that manigault-newman is violating the agreement with her recent accusations that the president is a racist and is suffering a mental decne. mark zaid is an attorney who specializes in national security

and these kinds of contracts. welcome back to the show. >> thank you. >> brangham: for people who are not familiar with what these n.d.a.s are,enerally speaking, what are they for? >> sure. an n.d.a. is a non-disclosure agreement. it's a confidentiality agreemen enteto by two or more parties to set terms as to what can be discussed going forward. and it may have a set term in life or it could be as actually this document says in perpetuity. that omarosa, if she signed it, and apparently she did, that she is not allowed to disparage trump, his family, his rbusinesses during the svice of the campaign and then the kicker is and ath all timesreafter. brangham: that was a contract she made when she was a "pri there have been other reports, she told this to judy woodruff last night, that government rmployees, are asking othe government employees, staffers

at the white house to, sign similar agreements is. that common?t >> that is no common, at least in the context that we have seen it arisen within this administration. this administration has brought its corporate mentality into public service. they don't always mix very well at all. now, many of us who have worked it'ser in government or work ofth government when i represent intelligficers and military, i also have access tof classifiedmation. i sign a secrecy non-disclosure rgreement. it petains only to classified information. can say anything otherwise that's unclassified. when i represent people all the ti whoite books of their time in the c.i.a., their time in the air force, they submitpr their books foublication review, and it's culled for classified infmation only. the courts have made it very clear over the last four decades that there is no legitimate interest in the government in

prohibiting unclassifiedn informatom being disseminated some what the trump administration did in bringing its corporate mentality, they've tried in some cases, apparently succeeded, in getting people to sign non-disclosure agreements. well, the court is a government employee. >> a government employee. the courts ave also sid those first amendment rights that government employees possess post-employment in particular cannot be contractually given away. >> brangham: you can't sign your rights away? >> absolutely. so we'll ha or omarosa will have a very complicated situation they don't think has ever arisen before because with this administration everything seems novel. e has signed a non-disclosure agreement that pertains to the private entity of the campaign vehicle, even the transition team, still private, notbl pu, that she may be responsible for

what relates to that information as well as "the apprentice" information where she supposedly signed an n.d.a., too. but then when she gets to her governmenter service from januay 2017 until she was terminated in december 2017, a bubble may be surrounding that. >> brangham: when she worked r the government. >> that she cnaan disse and discuss anything that happened during her time in the white house. the arbiters i'm sure have never dealt with this partsiicular ation before, but i think the courts at least from the way i would interpret it, that area of time has to be shielded from e n.d.a. that existed during her time in the campaign. >> brangham: mark zaid, thank you very much. >> thank you. >> woodruff: in her new book, "dopesick," journalist and author beth macy takes readers

to the front lines of the opioid epidemic. as jeffreyrown reports, she outlines what's fueling a growing public health crisis that's killed more than 350,000 americans in the last 15 years. it is part oour ongoing series, "america addicted." >> brown: tess henry grew up in well-off surroundings roanoke, virginia.he mother, patricia mehrmann, remembers her as an honor rollen stwho wrote poetry at her catholic school. >> my tess was the one who would worry every day, if h uniform-- was this right? she was very delicate, very sensitive. she was ve quiet, but yet very kind, very gentle. >> brown: in 2012, tess first became addicted to opioids, after a prescriptionor bronchitis-related pain. over the next six years, her life would spin out of control, to heroin addiction, homelessness and prostitution. >> i liken it to someone you

were watching just slowly drown. >> brown: last christmas eve, tess henry's murdered bodyfo wad in a dumpster in a las vegas apartment complex. she was 28 years old. >> people are so uncomfortable talking about addiction, still. s i know people still to ty who have shared with me that, ( oispering ) "their lov is struggling. thank you for saying something." >> brown: but they don't want to say it out loud. >> they don't want to say it out loud. and i can't tell you how often this happens, at least a couple of times a week. >> brown: two years ago,st journand author beth macy, a fellow roanoke resident, met patricia and tess. macy tells tir story, and that of many others, in a harrowing account that traces two decades of one of the worst drug crises in american history. it's called "dopesick." >> i heard it overnd over from people who were struggling with opiod addiction.

>> brown: you heard that phrasea >>s the word they used. "i'm dope-sick, man," or "i was dope-sick when that happened." what doeit mean? that means, like, excruciating withdrawal. they have sweats, diarrhea, chills, vomiting. and as somebody early on in the book says, at the end of your journey, you're not doing it to get high, you're just doing it to keep from being dope-sick. >> brown: why did you take this on? >> it was just so much pain to process, what these families are going through. but this was a story i started following back when i was a newspaper reporter in 2012, and heroin had landed in roanoke,er virginia, i live, in a big way. >> brown: in "dopesick," macy focuses her reporting on communities along tterstate 81 blue ridge mountains. >> this book is really a microcosm of arica told through three virginia communities. wn: it begins here in th economically distressed heart of appalachia, some four hours from roanoke in virginia's coal country, where macy went to meet dr. art vanze

who in the 1990s, began to see an explosion of people becoming addicted to the painkilling drug oxycontin. >> it really was a tsunami of opioidddiction for us in our region. and it became such a huge problem because, one, it was a very high-potency opioid. and it was very easily abusable. >> brown: by 2000, van zee, an internist at a community health center in tiny st. charles, virginia, was writing desperate letters like this to oxycontin's maker, purdue pharmaceical, and to the f.d.a., to recall the drug. instead, purdue continued to push it both as a beneficial painkiller, and one that could be prescribed without fear ofas addiction-n this testimonial video. >> we doctors were wrong inth king opioids can't be used long-term. they can be, and they should be.

>> i felt that the way this was being marketed really was fueling the whole problem. you know, we had young people becoming addicted, going into jail, overdosing, dying, families being torn apart.ur and, you know,e is giving out beach hats, oxycontin beach physicians. >> brown: and, writes macy, physicians were over-pscribing the highly addictive oxycontin. 2007, federal prosecuto brought and won a case against purdue's parent company at this courthouse in abingd virginia, forcing an admission that they had fraudulently marketed the drug for years. >> the important thing to the families who had lost children to ocontin overdose was they got to be here. they got to look them in the eye. and federal judge james jones, who still presides over this court, got to hear their testimony. >> brown: the company paid$6 million in fines, that were eventually divvied up between virginia's law enforceme,

state and federal medicaid programs. no company executives were jailed. in 2010, purdue agreed to re- formulate oxycontin, making it tougher to crush for illicit use. >> they didn't recall it, they didn't do many this that would meaningfully change the trajectory of the problem, until it was much too late. >> brown: around this time, the epidemic had already spread intr other,affluent communities, including in macy's adopted home of roanoke, where onprescriptions and recrea drug use were leading dope-sick teens and others to relatively cheap and easy-to-get heroin and synthetic opioids like fentanyl. >> in middle class, upper-middle class erica, people had the money to hide it for longer. and so, it took it longer to bubble up, and because of the stigma against it, even the parents who were in onhe dirty little secret didn't want to tell their neighbors. and so, that allowed it to

fester and grow for two decades before we, as a society looked around and said, "holy crap,ev this iywhere." >> brown: patricia merhmann told macy of her own daughter going in and out of rehab, of her family being torn apart by the wrenching decisions on when to offer help and when to push tess away, for her own good and the sake of others. >> i didn't know if, when, or ever, she would beble to come through this, walk through this. you never get to the oth side, because there is no other side. once you struggle with substance use disorder, you always have substance use disorder. >> brown: beth macy devotes much of the last sectton of her book the treatment of opioid , diction. in roano watched a weekly session run by vinnie dabney, a former heroin addictlf, who's now a mental health and

substance abuse counselor helping men and women in so- called "m.a.t.," medication- assisted treatment. dabney's program uses thees iption drug suboxone to reduce the painful symptoms of opioid withdrawal. it's a necessary, but extremely difficult, process, says dabneyr and manyare on their second, third, or fourth tries in the program >> all kinds of things will happen to cause a pege of them to drop out. it's a numbers game. you ow, the more that try, t more that will make it. the fewer that try, the fewer that wil >> brown: and macy writes of the continuing national divide overh treatment appr. >> well, you have a lot of rehab centers that don't believe in medication-assisted treatment. they believe in abstince only. so you have, you have a lot of gaps in care, in general, and then you have a lot of ideological divides at work as

well. >> brown: beth macy's "dopesic is a haunting, unfinished story of over-treatment for pain, and under-treatment for the addictions that follow. >> the epidemiologists don't even think we're anywhere near the peak of it yet.yo know, sometime after 2020 is when it's predicted to be. so, we're not even close. >> brown: if we're still in the middle of this story, what were l u trying to do in your book? >> i'm trying to tople how we got here, and where the holes are in this treatment tapestry. what do we need to do? i'd love to mobilize people just to care. >> brown: as the epidemicco inues, tess henry's murder remains unsolved. her mother hopes torling her will help others. >> i hope the legacy of my's daughtife will be that people will be able tot comfortably wn and talk about this. >> brown: for the pbs newshour, i'm jeffrey brown in virginia's

blue ridge mountains. >> woodruff: in egypt this week, a top trending hashtag on social media asks, "does egypt have any hope left?" that question reflec the dramatic changes in egypt since the heady days in tahrir square during the 2011 revolution. nick schifrin recently sat down with the autr of a new book on what happened to all that hope. >> schifrin: it's be five years since the largest state- sponsored massacre since tiananmen square, and possibly larger than tiananmen. on august the 14th, 2013, egyptian security forces opened uare on a protest tent city in the rabaa area of cairo. at least 800 were killed. what led to that day was an extraordinary tumultuous fewpt years in ethe arab spring. the coming to power of a muslim brotherhood presidtht, a coup, anemergence of a new

soldier strongman, abdul fatah al sisi, who clamped down on all aspects of egyptian society. what "new york times" reporter david kirkpatrick has called, "into the hands of t soldiers." that is the name of his newd book, are pleased to have david with us here today.e >> pleas be here. >> schifrin: thanks for much.fi you spen years in egypt. you arrived just before the revolution. you got caught up a ttle bit in the revolution. do you think the u.s. got caught up in the revolution a little bit and failed to understand some of the long-term cot'equences? >>important to note that the revolution was real. there was actually a change in power, and for a while in 2011, the military, which had run egypt for the previous six decades or so, was clearly back on its heels. it was defensive. it was responding in almost a frightened way to public will.

in retrospect, we say, we fell for the romance of the square. it was all a mirage. it wasn't quite a mirage. >>yochifrin: d think the u.s. administration understood that? do you tnk the u.s. administration understood at the time what to do? >> i don't think you could evesr k about a single american policy. i think there was always a tug-of-war inside the administration, and a good part of thon administraas very sceptical of what was happened tahrir square and was acutely anxious to see hosni mubarak leave power. h >> schifrin:d a muslim brotherhood. you had an election. was there dismsunity in tf whether to suppmoort mohamed i, who became president of egypt? >> disunity is puttg it mildly. i think there was a great deal of anxiety to see a muslim brotherhood member as president. a few months into power, he

stepped in to broke ecer p agreement between hamas and israel, and at that point i think he had really won over the administration and showed that he could work with president obama, that he was not hostil to israel, and that he could advance the interests of stability around the region. that was probably his apex in american eyes. >> schifrinm: as mohamed si was winning over some u.s. officials, obviously there was some planning going on for a coup. talk aut what was happening in egypt in terms of the plan for the coup and the mixed messages that the u.el. ered when it heard about those plans. >> certainly a lot the bureaucracy in egypt was hostile to president morsi, including all the police, who werenot doing their job in any respect and watching public security onamerican side, as you heteriorate. say, mixed messages is really what emerged. when this book gave mae chanc to go back and report on what america, what washington had ten doing in the run-up coup, you find wildly discore dent voices.

president obama as late as two days before morsi was removed from power was on the phone n unseling him in aearnest and sincere way on how the stay in office. at the same tim oe, secreta state john kerry made it clear to many in the region that he had pretty much given up on mors secretary of defense hagel who was assigned by the white house to givsterned messages to sisi not to depose the elected president,as focused on building up sisi's trust andha reassuring himamerica would always have his back. >> schifrin: it may sound like a naive question, butsurely when the president gives an order, surely the administration falls in line. why the disarray? >> i thnk historians will take a hard look at obama's leadership style ithat respect. happened in ree rabaa mass and what led to that. >> there was a six. >> week period between the coup and the massacre at rabaa, an i still struggle txpo elain to people what the atmosphere in egypt was like at that t e.

was a hypernationallist hysteria like you've never seen. it is what i imagine it must have been like during the risen of fascism europe in the early part of the 20th ofntury, the demonization this internal enemy. sidentthe removal of pre morsi, his supporters began a sit-in on the model of the tahrir square sit-in that hosni mubarak from power. they thought through non-violent civil disobedience they thought they could stop the military from taking over, and they sincerely believed that egyptians would rally to their cause,hich they did not so they had a communi with family, children, swimming pools, amuse. , all through the ramadan that summer.e the massaas extremely bad. it w the kind of bloodshed that is hard even to wrap your mind around. i struggled to try to measure it at the time. there were so many people dying all around me, and i had found my way into one hospital at the

corner of the square where bodies were coming in. and i thught how am i possibly going to make sense of this. if i were a better journalist, would habeen making note of where they were shot, was the army shooting to shot. i made a checkmark each time a body came in so i could track the velocity of the body, which was hopeless, beause there with many different places werthe bodies were coming in. when i left i h a notebook full of checkmarks, and it was almost no use to try to convey the magnitude of the bloodshed that day. you said 800. the interim prime minister at 000. time estimated about 1, a lot of dead bodies in the space of a day. youschifrin: i wonder i can zoom out a little bit and look at the arc of egypt from the hope that so many, including you, including all of us who were there felt in 2011, to today, to the kind of police ate tactics that we'seen the last time i was. there i couldn't even take out an iphone and filmy. publi what do you make of what's happened to egypt since 2011?

>> i personally find it heartbreaking. as we just discussed, i believe a real revolution took place iy 2011. i believe it was subsequently crushed. and for the west, i think it's a real lost opportunity, a lost opportunity to have a more stable government in egypt, a lost opportunity in terms of political islam, as well, because there was a real debate within the movement and against the movement that was allowed to flourish during those months of freedom that was choanked offd so in many ways, i feel that we will be suffering the consequences of this for a long time to come. >> schifrin: the book i "into the hands of the soldiers." david kirkpatrick, thank you very much. >> good to be here.

>> woodruff: of the four million kindergarteners heading toye school thi, nearly one-third will never have been in a classroom before. pbs special correspondent lisa stark, of our partner k,"education wlooks at one effort underway in portland, oregon, to try and help these new students get ready. it's the latesin our weekly education series, "making the grade." or good morning, kindergartners. >> rr: this has the look and feel of a typical kindergarten class. it's designed to get sdents ready for the real thing, says teacher donna shinagawa. >> it's a preview to kindergarten, and so we try to make it as similar to kindergarten as possible. >> reporter: the summer program in porand, oregon runs for three weeks, helping ease the transition to kindergarten. >> put your thumb in like this, and two fingers here. >> reporter: some have never attended preschool. others struggle withoverty, or their first language isn't english. the start of kindergarten can overwhelming for anyone, but especially for these childn.

mom suzhen li and her daughter sukey chen are ting part. let me ask you why you wanted your daughter in this program? >> she can meet the teachers and new classmates here first, and i think it is better f her to ort used to the others. >> repr: the program, offered in a dozen of portland's n gh poverty schools, is helping some 240 childreis summer. here at the harrison park school, those participating speak eight different languages, and at least a third have never been in a clwhsroom setting. 's your goal for the kids in this program? >> just to be confident about school.o just tow that school is fun, and it's a place that's safe. >> reporter: students learn everything from hoto navigate the cafeteria, line up in the hallways, use their lockers, t even hbid parents goodbye. >> bye, bye...

>> reporter: there's also big emphasis on social skills, which studies show can be a major factor in early school success. >> how do we make a friend? raise your hand if you'd like to share how do we make a friend. >> can three weeks really make that much of a diffence? >> yes, it really helps build community. the parents also feel comfortable when they drop the kidsff. they know the building, they know the teachers, they know thl sroom, and the kids feel the same way, too. >> reporter: sukey is settling in. >> in my class, in one day, i got a sticker! >> reporter: you got a sticker! >> two times in a w! >> we will build connections with each other, you know, coming to school and not feeling isolated. >> reporter: nancy hauth oversees the portland schools program. >> we know that families coming into kindergarten without a preschool experience really w struggh the start to kindergarten, understanding expectations, and we know that they also start kindergarten with a higher level of stress. >> reporter: in a study of

preschool enrollment in 36 countries, the united states ranks near the bottom, above just three other countries. in the u.s., publicly funded pre-k. serves only about 44% of four-year-olds, and 16% of three-year-olds. education analyst aaron loewenberg says that's a problem. >> it's important to realize that while the summer programs e definitely helpful with the transition to kindergarten, theye not a replacement for high quality pre-k. high-quality pre-k. is also going to help them build the academic and social, emotional skills that will help them be successful once they get into the kindergarten classroom. >> reporter:hose in portland agree, but in oregon, there are limited state- and federally- funded preschool slo low- income students. so the district packs as much as can into these three weeks. >> kindergarten is so foundational, and this is where children are learning to read. this is where they are learning

how to interact with each other, and they're gaining huge math skills. it is the very basis of the rest of their education. >> reporter: getting young students excited and ready for kindergarten is only part of the summer program.ke anotheelement is getting their parents ready as well. >> so, welcome. >> reporter: parents gather for six mornings over the three-week program. to make it easy, there's food, childce, and translators.o it's allcourage parents to be an active part of their children's education. that's critical to student achievement. the program allows parents to get to know each oth, build their own support systems, and connects them to the school. pre's principal leah dickey. >> it really helents feel they have a voice and that they know answers, and they're not oming into this blindly. i think we forget, with parents, oftentimes have kindergartners that they have never done this

before and it's just as scary for them as it ifor their students. >> i was a teacher in china before i move here, so i know that school and the family, is a very good bridge to get it together. we need to know each other to tlp the kids grow. >> today we're goitalk about the school calendar. >> reporter: the school staffes strettendance, how critical it is to get students to school every day and on time. nationally, about one in ten kindergartners is chronically absent. it's a big concern, and in oregon, the numbers are even worse. >> ultimately, wanre trying to behaviors in both parents and in kids. th reporter: researcher tarasawa has analyzed portland's early transition program, and says students who attend are less likely to be absent, not just in kindergarten, but through third grad'r >> so when yseeing promising results in the very

on that we're trying to reach, that we've struggled to, historically, in our public school system. that is something that is ve noteworthy. >> reporter: she also looked at early reading skills and found mixed results. in most years, summeram participants showed more growth an their classmates. in other years, they did not. >> we can't expect a three-week program to come in adicate what years of poverty and trauma, potentially, in these kids' lives, have exposed them to. but those first few year without this intervention, could look a lot different for these same kids. >> reporter: many districts make efforts to ease the entry into kindergarten-- maybe an open house, or meet the teacher event-- but few districts have as extensive a program as portland's. at about $14,000 a school, supporters say it's a relatively affordable way to help families hit the ground running on that first day of kindergarten. u can find any more" e's."

>> "eee!" >> reporter: for the pbs newshour and education week, i'm lisa stark, in portland, oregon. woodruff: in sports new the death of a university of maryland fooall player earlier this summer has prompted a number of investigations.ex as amna navaains, much of the scrutiny has focused on what some have called a culture of abuse withinhe school's football program. >> nawaz: in may, 19-year-old offensive lineman jordan mair was hospitalized after he had trouble breathing and standing upright during practice. he died two weeks later, hisfa ly says, of heatstroke. his death sent shock waves through the college footballwo d and raised questions about how, and how quickly, the coaching staff responded. this afternoon, university of maryland president wallace loh said that while the

investigation is still ongoing, mistakes were made in how jordan was treated, and he pledged complete accountability. i am joined by john feinstein, a longtime sports writer, and author of a number of books on college athletics.be thank you fog here. >> my pleasure, amna. >> nawaz: we heard wallace say the buck stops with me, we accept moral and legal responsibility here. what did you make of that streement especially now be the investigation is even over? >> i found it remarkable thatlo wallac basically said that he had told the parents we are legally and morally responsible for jordan's death. there's going to be a lawsuit. i mean, they've alrea hire lawyer long ago on this. now, the question is has maryland agreed to settle very quietly and thas why he's willing to publicly admit fault on behalf of the training staff? he made a point of separating e training staff from the coaching staff, because he said he believes the head coach, d.j.

durkin, is entitled to due process and has appointed a four-man commission to investigate, but the strength coach, who is at the middle of much of this, resigned today h clearly to had to resign. he didn't get due process. whether he deserves it or not, he didn't get it. it's a very complicated case. of course, the focus should be on the tragedy of jordan mcnair's death. >> nawaz: it is complicated indeed. the head coa remains on administrative leave at th time. the strange staff, this young's man death it seems was come leadsly preventable. the family lawyer believes it was from heat stroke. reports say when he to the hospital, he had a body temperature of 106 degrees. heat stroke is basic protocol. you bring the bo temperature down. you put them in cold immers what does it say to you that the training staff didn't see it? >> it's impossible to know withouting with there exactly what occurred, but as you said, heat stroke is -- death by het

stroke is very preventable if you can get the body temperature down to 102 within0 minutes, which is plenty of time if, as you said, they ice or do whatever is necessary. apparently they didn't do that. it was still 106 when he got to the hospital. more than an hour after the attack occurred, again according to the 911 reords. but that's why the training staff is clearly being thrown under the bus frankly by wallace loh. they may deserve to be thrown under the bus, but you wonder, becausthere were coaches present, including d.j. durkin for this workout, how in the world maryland can eventually walk away from this with d.rk still as the head coach. >> nawaz: so there's a lot of focus on the coaching staff. because of the scrutiny from jordan mcnair's death. teammates have come forward and said, there is a culture problem. it's toxic. there is a lot of verbal abuse, mockery, belittling of players. you cover a lot of college football. ve seen a lot of teams

through the years. was it excessive in some waypo based on the s you've seen? what's different? >> if the espn report was true, and they were the ones who broke the story, then it wasy clea excessive. there was emotional abuse, players who,0ñ didn't perform wr forced to lo in the shower room. players who were forced -- who were overweight, they had to ear candy to humiliate them. players who were underweight had to eat until thethrew up. football is a macho sport. players are pushed and challenged, particularly by the strength coach who they work with almost every day, even during tf season. usually strength coaches are as close to the players as anybody on the staff, but there is a there is a line between pushing someone to do their best to get better to pu themselves to the limit, and going over the line. and the best coaches are the lones who know where te is. it appears, appasears on what we know, that there were coaches at maryland who didn't see that line and nt over it.

and did that lead to jordan mcnair's death? but it certainly is something that has to be looked at. >> when you look at this big picture, i was a college athlete myself. e know what it is to do three-a-days in ex heat, to have your strength coach riding you, coaches yelling at you, throwing where is that line? when you're pushing athletes the youk performance, how do know when you've got too far? >> well, the best coaches understand that what n take might be different than what i can take. and each player is an individual. his level or her levelis different emotionally and physically. they get to know the kids as i id very well some you might be able to take something that i arn't. but ther also coaches who aren't as good at their jobs or as smart and again, thecho in football, where youeticularly expected to play hurt. there is a difference football players will tell you between being injured and being hurt. if you're injured, you can't play. if you're hurt, you're expected to play.

through pain and through broken s often. and that is where that macho mentality comes in, and being a ablestto undd that there are limits is a key to being ccessful as a football coach. and the thing is, if you're a successful football can get away with almost anything. d.j. dun 0-15 in two years at maryland. a player has died on his watch. i doubt he'll survive. >> nawaz: john feinstein, thanks for your time. >> my pleasure, amna,thanks. >> woodruff: and thas the newshour for tonight. i'm judy woodrf. join us online, and agai right here tomorrow evening. for all of us at the pbs newshour, thank you, and we'll see you soon. >> major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by: >> financial services firm raymond james. >> consumer cellular. >> babbel.

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