>> thomas erdbrink: once upon a time, on a dusty road, i met a girl. >>laughing) >> 17 years later, i'm still here. >> joining us now is tehran bureau chief for "the new york times..." >> thomas erdbrink, welcome to the program and thank you for joining me. >> erdbrink: ta-da! >> tonight, part two of "our man in tehran." (speaking local language): >> more stories from a country at the brink of change. >> in this country especially, if you live with fear, you're done. (woman screaming): >> as the hardliners push back... (people yelling) >> ...some iranians dream of america, while others can'tn. forget i

>> it's a map of iran. (erdbrink speaking): get back in e car. >> and yet, life and love goes on. >> erdbrk: we're gonna make baby! >> why are you... (gun firing) >> three years later,hr "our man in ." >> frontline is made possible by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. and by the corporation for public broadcasting.pp major t is provided by the john d. and catherine t. macarthur foundation, committed to blding a more just, verda and peaceful world. more information is available at macfound.org. the ford foundation: working nes of social changethe front worldwide. at fordfoundation.oral additiupport is provided by the abrams foundation: coitted to excellence in journalism. the park foundation, dedicated to heightening public awareness e john and helen glessner family trust. supporting trustworthyt

journalism tforms and inspires. and by the frontline journalism fund, with major support from jon and jo ann hagler. f and additional suppom joseph azrack and abigail congdon. (drone humming) >> erdbrink: there's one big change compareto the last time that we were filming here in iran, and that is that this time, we have brought a drone, a flying camera. but in iran, in the capital, tehran, drones are shot out of the sky. (machine gun firing) the last time that somebody flew a drone in tehran, there was a huge panic. (gun firing) (man crying out) (gun firing)

>> erdbrink: suddenly, from rooftops acrosthe city, anti-aircraft fire was opened to take the drone down. people crouched down in the streets, duck and covered behind cars. it turned out that the drone was operating in the vicinity of the compound of supreme leader ayatollah ali khamenei, and that poses a security risk, of course. ♪ our camera team and their drone had just arrived iiran when iro got a call fthe media agency of the ministry of information. i had to hand over the drone immediately. the director, mr. taheri, a important man. (speaking local language)

he has to give upermission for whatever we want to film in iran. (taheri speaki): >> erdbrink: his job is not an easy one. he mushelp me and, at the same time, take care not to displease his litical and religious superiors. out our last film, knowinginion that the iranians always startth he polite answer. (taheri speaking): (taheri speaking):

(laughing) (newsha and errink speaking): ):(woman and newsha speaki (man and newsha speaking): (laughing) (woman and newsha speaking): (erdbrink and newsha speaking): (laughing)

(chanting): ki (erdbrink sp): (taheri speaking): erdbrink: the images of mr. big mouth caused a stir in iran. modern iranians felt he was a caricature.a disgrace for the country.d

even his fellow religious elitants were unhappy wit way he p them in the spotlight. and there was another downside, according to mr. taheri. (taheri speaking): (erdink and sommayeh speaking):

(speakg local language) ♪ is mr. taheri right? did the first film show too little of the modern and carefree side of tehran? perhaps i should take my cue from state-owned press tv' sunnier programs. >> typical iranian house, typical iranian car. this is how it is. not! i'm about to show why.

l-u-x-u-r-y, luxury. this is what we drive, a beautiful porsche. iran's second-largest active industry? the automobile industry. and everybody loves a luxury automobile. yo?re going to buy this car >> yes, in cash. >> in cash? >> yes. >> i love . >> okay. cash, he's gonna buy it. i love iran. >> erdbrink: l-u-x-u-r-y, luxury, in tehran. i decide to tag along with two gentlemen who are better at home in this world. so, this is reza nayebi. >> hello. >> erdbrink: this is mr. tasty. >> mr. taster. >> erdbrink: and this is another person. >> yes, yes, yes.br >> ek: yes, but this is not a modern sight of tehran, is it? >> no, this is not a modernight of... (all speaking local language)>> rdbrink: first, they want to get rid of him.o he has nace in their modern tehran. >> i want to show you a neighborhood.wa i nt to show you a clothing designer.an he is mr. taster, and he lewants to show you a coupf

restaurants. >> yeah. >> erdbrink: we start out for a fancy district with very expensive homes. so, why this neighborhood? >> this is probably e best neighborhood i know of. it's bukan, located in niavaran. this is probably for the uber-wealthy. if you look to your right, this building right here, this one comes in at about $11,000 a meter, a square meter. >> erdbrink: what kind of people woullive here? >> rich. >> erdbrink: but just, just-- just try and describe thema bit more. >> materialiic. people that love things. and there's nothing wrong with being materialistic.♪ ♪ >> erdbrink: and then we go out with mr. taster, a celebrity in tehran. >> mr. taster, mr. taster! (laughing) (mr. taster speaking): (erdbrink speaking):

>> erdbrink: at first glance, all these luxury viss make iran look more like a normal, western nation. ♪ this is mostly because of the sudden popularity of instagramll and all the sievents that are associated with it. so all these people here are officially he to be informed about having weddings in thailand. iranians love to marry in other countries, becse then they can have mixed wedding parties. but another reason for people to be here is because they're all instagram stars. this guy over there, 200,000 followers. these three girls, maybe a

million. this is a place to be seen and to see.we ane definitely seen her before. a few years ago, she and her friends were arrestedte making an iranian version of a western music video. ♪ claalong if you feel like a room without a roof ♪ >> erdbrink:or their indecent behavior, they had to make a public apology on iranian state televion. (woman speaking): >> erdbrink: they were given a suspended sentence of 90 lashes. but today, three years later, the girl from the banned clip has become a celebted instagram star. >> hello. (erdbrink and woman speang): (woman and erdbrink speaking): (erdbrink and woman speaking): (erdbrink speaking):

(erdbrink and woman speaking): (erdbrink speaking): (woman speaking): (speaking local langua

>> erdbrink: president rouhanilf made himnormously popular after being elected by brinng about a tenfold increase in the speed of the internet. everyone is on instagram. look, r instance, supreme leader ayatollah ali khamenei. there he is. 1.6 miion followers. speeches, photos, denunciations of other countries. more politics. hassan rouhani, the president of iran. hassan rouhani, 1.9 million followers. does that make him the most rafamous iranian on instag no. that honor goes to taraneh alidoosti, an actress with 5.1 million followers.ak when she sout on instagram, the country listens. influences are pouring into the country. like here, another modern

arrival in prent-day iran. they're popping up everywhere: cappuccino cafés. here, you can do things thatfo were banneyears: listen to western music, share a table with the opposite sex, ana wear your headscncing on the very back of your head. that sudden freedom looks like a good call by the government. "go on, ink as many cappuccinos as you like while roaming the internet, as long as you keep your nose out of our politics." it seemed to work for a whil these customers didn't look like they were hoping to overthrow the religious leaders. but, below the surface, iran is simmering with dcontent everywhere. the volcano can always erupt, at any given moment. g)ak s:in

>> erdbrink: women wing their headscarves until passersby had filmed them and spread the images around the country. (horns honking, peop clapping) (man speaking): >> erdbrink: it's a dangerous protest. because for years, the religious police have clamped down on sswomen who violated the d code. their green and white vans had disappeared from the streets for a while. (woman speaking): >> erdbrink: butt's now apparent that they never really left. (woman screaming): >> erdbrink: if you thought that these images belonged to theth past, is is a rude awakening. ♪

(woman shouts) ♪ >> erdbrink: the next morning, i suddenly see my iend banafshe appear on instagram. i happen to know her from one of r 20 minutes during rush hour, she waves her headscarf on a stick. and she's lucky. she doesn't get arrested. (erdbrink and banafshe speaking): ♪ ♪

(laughing)

(erdbrink speaking): ♪ >> erdbrink: the nutty womanho had set all hes on president rouhani last year. he wou bring more freedom. later, i watch her president defending protesters on tv. (rouhani speaking): >> erdbrink: but he is overruled by supreme leader khamenei. in the end, he and the revolutionary guards decide what is and what isn't allowed.

♪ even though the president hasat less of a say inrs than he'd like, his job is still in he ministry of interior, an event takes place that will sus.rise many western onlook for three days, an uninterrupted stream of iranians pour inside here. they line to put themselves forward as candidates for the presidency.ll (people caing) that anyone in iran can try to become the next president. that seems very democratic, but everyone knows that only a few w candidill be declared the many thousands ofce. candidates, only a handful

remain. ♪ this year, there are also some female candidates, but theytt stand chance. of course, there are also someon oddballs, an atteneeker, and a man who is againstyt evng. >> erdbrink: but what i missed that morning was the arrival ofd ancquaintance, who apparently also sees himself as presidentialimber. (erdbrink and man speaking): (erdbrink and man speaking): >> erdbrink: so even mr. bigut

wants to become president now. lot has changed since we filmed here three years ago. in my office for the new york time, my assistant sommayeh's desk has been empty for a while. after the first film ran on many marriage proposals.ceived she swept them all aside and left for the united states, but more about thalater. in my mother-in-law's house, time hasn't stood still, either, back tvery day at lunchtime, it was a hive of activity. everyone was talking all at once. (talking and laughing) rd >>ink: but when i visit newsha's mother today, she sits in her kitchen all alone.

>> erdbrink: grandma died a year ago. ymy brother-in-law finall decided to get married and moved out of the house. and newsha's sister, negin, went to seek her fortune in america. (erdbrink speaking): >> erdbrink: it's a recurrent theme in my family. and my mother-in-law is expert at bringing it up when i least

expect it. "why don't newsha and i have any children yet?" >> erdbrink: and once my mothern-law gets started, she doesn't stop. (erdbrink and mother speaking): >> erdbrink: everyone in this country gets to have an opinion about our procreation.re

it's that newsha is busy with a new exhibition of her photos. but too busy to have children? that is unacceptable in this country. although newsha has other fish to fry, and i am one of them. >> it's just first time he's here.n' he dhelp me at all. at all. yes, please film him. he should shy now. look at the camerand say sorry. he didn't help me at all and he was just busy with himself, so... (laughs) yes.ak (man sinaudibly) yeah. (erdbrink whispering) >> yes, that's true. he says, "i help you a lot sometimes"-- i say yes. >> erdbrink: saying, "oh, why they don't have baby?"

we're going to make baby! >> why you should... >> erdbrink: because i'm happy, i want to have a baby. >> yeah, but the thing is, everybody wants or him to do what they love, but i think when i'm 80 years old, i want to look out of the window, andin when it's sn and think, rethink, and reflect, and i want to be this 80-years-old happy woman to be, i'm proud in any decision i've ever made.d this is what i love to do.g i'm not goin let anyone force me. my family, friends, society, nobody. >> erdbrink: in holland, it's exactly the same. eveybody asks me, "when you going to get a baby?" and so, okay, you know, maybe-- maybe can't get babies. we don't know. i mean, we're just-- you know wh i mean? so... >> no, i'm sure one day, we will be parents, but not now. >> erdbrink: and now that newsha started working as a magnum

photographer, the babies will have to wait even longer. ♪ meanwhile, i just have to find out how mr. big mouth is doing,e even if it makes s officials unhappy. i want to know if he still fiercely opposes the internet and women with driver's licenses. or is he too embracing modernity? >> thank you very much. >> erdbrink: thank you. ba (erdbrink and ahmadi speaking): (erdbrink speaking): (ahmadabadi and erdbrink

speaking): (ahmadabadi speaking): (erdink speaking): (erdbrink speaking):

(erdbrink and ahmadabadi speaking): >> erdbrink: so even mr. big mouth has been swayed by the social change in iran. a few years ago, that seemed inconceivable. now s computer is on 24 hour a day. and his wife no longer hides away in the kitchen. and more, e records our entire conversation on her own cell phone. (erdbrink and ahmadadi's wife speaking): (erdbrink speaking): (erdbrink and ahmadabadi speaking):

(erdbrink and ahmadabadi's wife speaking): rdbrink speaking): in (erdspeaking):

(erdbrink speaking): (ahmadabadi speaking):

>> erdbrink: mr. big mouth always makes me chuckle a bit. ven't changed.ake, his ideas he is still the same religious equally zealous, the rious police have been confronting women on the street, protesters who dare to climup on one of these power boxes without a headscarf. situation gets more tew the when this woman refuses to climb down, an officer steamrolls her. (crowd gasps and yells) she las badly and breaks a leg. (woman crying): >> erdbrink: she was arrested and could be sentenced up to ten years in prison. wh i see this video on instagram, i'm amazed at how cheerfully banafshe told me a

few days earlier how she gothe idea for her action. (erdbrink and banafshe speaking): (banafshe speaking): (e

brink speaking):

>> erdbrink: banafshe's almostn carefree tone isark contrast to the strong reactions from the religus side. and it was only a matter of time before big mouth ao weighed in. on instagram, he threatens to kill one of the promoters of th. campaign when you read his words, he suddenly becomes a lot less funny.rn "we you plenty of times," he writes, "but you haven't changed your ways. one of these days, you will be slaughtered in your house. timeo say goodbye to your family." first i hoped it was a sick joke. but when we called him, he only

doubled down. he literally said on the phone, "i will sell my pomegranate orchard. i will offer up the $500,000 that it will yield as a reward to anyone who manages to kill her. in addition, the killer will receive the ight of her tongue in gold."♪ ♪ of course, big mouth may seem crazy, but after reading his threats, i'm suddenly worried about banafshe. her friends tell me that she has left the country for a while. she didn't tell her friends how long she plans to leave iran. then i find another surprise on instagram: banafshe and her friends singing in the tehran subway on international women's day. >> (singing):

♪ ♪ ♪ >> erdbrink: it is unlikely thah religious leaders will ever allow women to take off their headscarves in public. to them, that woulmean the

beginning of the end of the islamic republic. >> erdbrink: imagine, you're an average iranian. you're asleep. somebody wakes you up at nightyo and whispers i ear saying, "you get to go abroad tomorrow. which country would you like to visit?" i think that nine times out of ten, you would getme the nswer. (woman and erdbrink speaking):

>> erdbrink: amrika. (newsha's mother speaking): >> erdbrink: the's one time of the day when i can't disturb my mother-in-law. that's when she, along with thousands other iranian moms, sits behind her laptop for her daily skype call with heric daughter in am (mother and negin speaking): >> erdbrink: about o millioniranians live in the und states. and among them are some big fish. whether a journalist for cnn or the founder of ebay c.e.o. at uber or vice

president at google, or security adviser to geor w. bush, they've all reached the top and they're all of iranian descent. and they all have their roots in this country. ♪ . this is hass he's 18. fo,as long as he can rememb he's worked in his family's rice fields. (erdbrink speaking):

>>nrdbrink: so, why was has so happy? because hassan is actually one of the smartest kids in thisun y. university exam calledtional konkour, and over a million people participate in this konkour, and in his special field, 150,000 peoe compete. and they compete for, basically, for a spot. you became number...? >> 21. >> erdbrink: 21.t 21 smarteskid... >> in country, and eighth in my field. >> erdbrink: eighth in your field. so 21 national, and eighth in his field. this is a super-high numr. >> erdbrink: since his results h proveds one of the smartest boys in iran, hassan has become a hero ithe village. and he can't move an inch without the whole village following him. (erdbrink speaking): (villagers applauding)

>> thank you, thank you. >> erdbrink: the first to congratulate him was hisgr dfather. (erdbrink and grandfather (erdbrink speaking): (erdbrink speaking): (grandfather singing)

>> erdbrink: granddad is mightily proud of hassan, if only because it gives him an excuse to burst into song. (grandfather singing) >> erdbrink: hassan is still aer bit elmed by his eighth place in mathematics.w but no wants the best of the best. so, he has done his homework on the best american universities. >> erdbrink: stanford.

>> erdbrink: hassan isn't much ey know that in the village. he's bound to miss them. the next day, he will leave to go to university in distant tehran. aneverybody in the village knows that after studying in tehran, along with 98% of those other prize-winning smart students, he will probably go to the u.s.a. lucky him. ♪ hassan's village reminds me of dolat abad, the town where my assistant, sommayeh, grew up. she to islamic studies there, but increasingly felt suffocated.en >> things seems frere. u know, when i was a littleuch. child, it was almost this, like that it is now. >> erdbrink: three years ago, she couldn't be clearer. she wouldn't stay in iran.

(sommayeh speaking): (erdbrink and sommayeh speaking): (laughs) ♪ >> erdbrin sommayeh left far sooner than i had expected. she went to study journalism ati new york's coluniversity.

i decide to visit her, curious i'd already read in her emails that it hadn't been easy. she had to share a ty room with a former model. her roommate needed the room for herself three days a week. she would have male visitors and needed sommayeh out of the way. whoa. oh, there is a window. y h, there is a very small window at the end of this room. so, welcome to my last year room. >> erdbrink: which bed was your >> there. >> erdbrink: next to the window? >> yeah, and imagine that i hadp my oce, after years fighting to have my own independence in tehran, i got a very nice two-droom apartment in tehran and i left everything behind... >> erdbrink: you worked hard f it. >> and came here, yeah. >> erdbrink: so you had a roommate, you me from iran, and what was this roommate likev

>> well, she wasy social girl, totally active, into a relationship, you know. i learned a lot from her, but i learned a lot from some slice of life that we totally don't have in iran. like, it happened a couple ofou times that i come to my room and she was with her dates and it's a shared room. and, yeah, you know, i didn't >> erdbrink: what did you do? >> i would say hi, just... you know, i justlayed around, just grabbed some stuff from my room and left the room while i just had come home to. >> erdbrink: "bye!" >> yes, yeah-- "bye, sorry." >> erdbrink: that was quite a different take on freedom from what she had expected. she and her fellow students nowg about it. especially about those endlessha phone calls shto listen

to. >> it was so funny that she would share every detail of any relationship that she had with her boyfriends with her mom. and sometimes i'd just say, "oh, my god!" >> erdbrink: so how would it be? she would be on the phone, like, "hi, mom..." >> yeah, "hi, mom, this guy isoing this or that." and it's not just what the guy would do at the, you know, restaurant, everything and it was-- oh, my god, mom. i can never ever imagine i have such a relationship with my momy maybest friends, but mom? seriously? mmm, yeah, that was totally different. >> erdbrink: i realize what an enormous culture shock it must have been for sommay. not so much her roommate-- she laughs about that now-- but american society, where seemingly everything goes. so, i can't think of a more different environment than tehran. you learn stuff, and it's so

calm. >> yeah, welcome to columbia! (laughs) >> erdbrink: and what's up with the hat? >> (laughs): so, umm... >> erdbrink: i mean, why not wear a scarf? >> i'm planning to keep on... i'm thinking about going back to iran someday, work from there. so i prefer to follow the rules, you know. in some ways, it sounds coward that i folw a rule without believing in it. but i believe in bigger things, like going back and changing things over there. not changing them to "bad hijabi" or notearing hijab, but if i want to be a reporter over there, i prefer to foll rules to some extent, so i can work. so, like, i balance my expectations, so they also balance a bit with me, and hopefully it works.nk >> erdbrink: i tommayeh is brave. whereas most iranians in the u.s. don't want go back to iran, sommayeh is determined.

she does want to go back. and ifhe follows the iranian dress code, she can go back.t at isn't the case for all iranians in america. >> (singing) ♪ (music playing on phone) (music stops) >> erdbrink: i'm sitting here at this near-abandoned parking lot next to thstudio waiting for the persian superstar andy. andy lives right here in l.a., but he's known in iran as the "prince of persian pop." and he is so famous that at every iranian wedding, people pl his songs. (andy singing)

(audience chanting) >> how are you, my friend? >> erdbrink: not bad.ho are you? >> all right. >> erdbrink: nice to meet you! >> nice to meet you, yes. l >> erdbrink:e many people, andy used to dream of becoming a rock star. and just before the shah was chased out of the country byom khni in 1979, andy was about to make his big breakthrough. >> i managed to record one album because cbs record company had just opened a branch in iran... >> erdbrink: in tehran>> n tehran. they discovered me and they said, "hey, we have found the w iranian rod stewarwant to take him to america," and all that. and i did a track, and we were on the right tra to become the iranian rod stewart. and revolution broke out, so everybody fled and i lost contacts. a >> erdbrin what made you decide to leave immediately? >> i was going to... w th my plan to leave, because i was discovered.in i was to be an american singer.

(singing) >> erdbrink: the iranian rock star, sed in los angeles, became hugely popular in the iran of the mullahs. but soon, his music was officially banned there.he >> wn we would do music here, it would be recorded on vhs tapes. >> erdbrink: mm-hmm, video cassettes.gg >> and sd in iran, and people would watch it at home and suddenly it was the thing. it was amazing. >>rdbrink: yeah, so, then comes the point, you're super- famous, and then you would think, "okay, i should have a concert in iran." >> (laughs): right. well, even from the beginning, it was clear our music is banned in iran. our way of life is banned in iran, because we had female dancers. it was a little too american for the iranian reme taste. but thank god that we had the opportunity to go dubai and

the surrounding countries andth later on, in armenia, uzbekistan, tajikistan, and people would come outside of iran to see us, and that was an amazing feeling, because when they come out and see us, we feel like the beatles. (both laugh)ec >> erdbrink: bse they were so enthusiastic. >> yeah, hungry for music. they haven't seen the artists. (audience cheering) (andy singing) >> erdbrink: some of his fans spent their last money on a ticket to dubai or armenia, sose that they coultheir idol at least once. but the millions of fans inside iran can only dream that the clerics will ever let andy perform in his own country. you actually, you even have one video clip that you, as a sort of animated figure, go back and you fly over iran and then you

jump out of a plane, it's a pretty nice clip. but then you aually go on a motorcycle and you tour the whole country, and everywhere people are waving, "welcome back, andy!" >> sure, it's very sad. it's sad because we should be there. we should be touring ery city, every village. i grew up in that country and i love that country. and i always thought that's possible, although it's en 38 years already, maybe more. but i keep thinking that's possible and it will happen. (andy nging) ♪ (fireworks exploding)

♪ >> erdbrink: it's usually in a secret location, preferably far from tehran. the members share information on instagram. what time? how many pple? and most importantly, where? a they convene in secrew times a year: andy's iranian fan club. it's all very innocent. they only play his latest ngs. and today, there is a surprise guest, an andy impersonator. he performs all over iran under a surprising name-- mandy.

(erdbrink speaking): (laugh) >> erdbrink: i have a surprise for th. a live connection with their idol in los angeles. we have a lot of people here that are very interested inalking to you. in >> erdbr like star-struck teens, they wait in line to talk to their hero. some of them have driven for hours to get here. (woman speaking):

>> erdbrink: none of these fans ever saw andy perform in iran. they're too young for that. >> (singing along to song) >> erdbrink: this is one of those moments when i realize what a bizarre country this sometimes is. these people have come together in secret because the nation's leaders have banned their favorite singer, who sings innocent songs about love. even when the whole country listens to those songs. (mud squching) so does he-- one of the smarst kids in the country. this could be the st day that he trudges through his family's rice fields. tomorrow, he will start his newr life in te.

(hassan's mother speaking): (erdbrink speaking): >> erdbrink: hassan, with his predilection for numbe, figured it out long ago.0, it's precisely2 kilometers from his mother's lap toimes square, new york-- one way. the return journey is somethingm tht exam winners rarely undertake once they've reached america. (hassan's father speaking):

♪ >> erdbrink: for the last time, hassan will lay his big brainy head to rest in his teenage bed on a pillow fluffed up by his

mom. and what wilhe dream about? it's as clear as day. america. ♪ this is westwood, andng everythiere is iranian. i bet the first person i'll co. across will speak persi look, persian pizza. so many iranians live here, people have started calling the

area, "tehrangeles." most of the iranians here are highlyducated. you'd almost think that evy iranian studied to be a doctor or a lawyer. and what do you study? >> psychobiology. >> erdbrink: because a iranians study something really smart, right? >> yeah. >> erdbrink: and you're goin tobe, like, doctor super-smart? >> hopefully a psychiatrist. >> erdbrink: why all iranians are so smart? >> i don't know-- because they had, like, a hard life in iran, so when they come here, theybe want to he best they can be. and, like, guess, a doctor is the best that you can be, educational-wise.♪ ♪ >> erdbrink: what is the american dream? t rich. and, if at all possible, get famous. e,iranian migrants, of cou want to achieve the same goals. ccessful in making it.was he started a car repair shop, won the lottery, and also proved

toe an amazing entertainer when a video clip he made promoting his company went viral on the internet. >> hey, baby. how does your car run? do you have trouble with your transmission? ♪ shift it, shift it, in forward shift it, shift it, in reverse ♪ domestic or foreign. i please you with my service ♪ shift it, shift it, in forward shift it, shift it, in reverse ♪ domestic or foreigni ease you with my service ♪ ♪ >> hi, how are you doing? a >> erdbrink: hi, how you doing? good to meet you. >> you, too. >> erdbrink: definitely! definitely. ar>> thank you so much, ho you? >> erdbrink: it's amazing to see you in real life. you' very famous! >> thank you so much! maybe you're famous more than me. >> erdink: i think you're

very, very, very more famous than me. >> i'm lucky, yeah. >> erdbrink: what do i see here, "ellen degeneres"? >> i was into that, her show. >> erdink: how do you like america? >> of course i like it here. it's good, yeah.im i'm longhere, almost 29 years. >> erdbrink: 29 years? >> 29, my son born here. >> erdbrink: okay, so this is, america is great.se >> of coi enjoy. ♪

hello, my name is goorgen. let me, i help you shift it. ♪ >> erdbrink: even celebrities like richard gere have their car repaired by goorgen. but despite his popurity, more than anything else, goorgenia still feels iran (zargarian and erdbrink speaking):

>> erdbrink: goorgen's big hobby is singing. and he sometimes performs. but he would never have thought of recording a commercial for his garage. (zargarian speaking): >> erdbrink: ♪

♪ shift it, shift it, in forward shift it, shift it, in reverseti ♪ dc or foreignse ♪ shift it, shift it,forward shift it, shift it, in reverse ♪ domestic ororeign i please you with my service ♪ >> erdbrink: goorgen didn't earn a penny on his video. but he doesn't care. he enjoys all the attention. the video was picked up by the lk show, from "ellen american degeneres" to local radio stations. c >> ...the best locmercial of all time. >> yeah. >> watch the magic! >> erdbrink: and soon everyone on the internet ran away with it. >> ♪ shift it in forward shift it, shift it in reversec ♪ domesti foreign i please you with my service ♪ >> ♪ shift it,hift it in forward ♪ >> ♪ shift it, shift it in reverse ♪ >> ♪ domestic or foreign i please you with my service ♪ ♪ (cheering and applauding)

♪ >> erdbrink: there are over e million iranians living in the united states-- persians, as ey're called. and one of those persians lives right here in this house behind me. her name is azadeh, and she is my sister-in-law. g (speakreign language): >> erdbrink: azadeh moved to the united states ten years ago when she met the love of her life, and she never wants to leave. also here right now is hersi er negin, visiting from iran. she's been here now for six months, and she's doubting

staying in the u.s. or going back to iran. and the third person who you'll see in this house is romina, azadeh's oldest daughter, who has been living here since she was nine years old she's an all-american girl, but she has one deep wish, and that is to return to tehran, the city where everything happens. >> okay, i'm gonna go to nursing school. i'll be done in six years. i'll still miss iran. i'll still be working here in a hospital, and i'll still be missing my country. >> erdbrink: yea but the way you live, i mean, how can you say, because then you are here? you... this is america, you havb

a stableou have a good life. >> i have a job, i have a stable income., but i still mid still have... >> you have freedom. >> erdbrink: freedom. >> okay, i'm sorry, but my freedom there is much more, y like, open than here... >> erdbrink: what do you mean? i mean... >> here i'm so busy on socl media and something that's, like, just on my phone. over there i'm busy th my friends going out, doing stuff, for, like, experiences and... >> erdbrink: experiences, what do you mean? go to parties, experience?a >> that'ry big experience, trying to, like, not get caught by the police, that's also another experience that, you know, is... >> erdbrink: exciting. >> it's more... it feelslike, more like you're living there, you know, rather than here. it's more ke the routine of wake up, work, school, maybe, like, friends after, and then... ♪ >> erdbrink: romina went on holiday to iran last year. she had the time of her life. everything was so exciting. drinking on the sly, avoiding

the police for not following the dress code. it was a breath of fresh air compared to her life of luxuryis in san fra. romina's reasons for wanting to go back to iran are the same reasons why her mother decided to leave the country. >> i miss my family, i miss my friends, and iove iran, but i don't want to live in irane. anym >> anymore. >> anymore. >> but you did. but you did when you were a teenager, you lived in iran. >> i did, for 29 years, i did, but.. >> erdbrink: do you ever see yourself moving back to iran? >> yeah. >> yeah? >> yeah. >> uh-huh. (all laughing) >> what do you have in iran that you don't have it here? >> feeling like i am home. >> so here is not your home? >> no, i mean, yes, it is home, because i live here, i go to school here. but, it's that moment when you walk off the plane, and you're, like, "welcome to..." like, you know, it's, like, the scarf comes out, it's, it's...

.ere's nothing bad about i don't... how is it... okay, look at me. i'm more liberal, likei don't cover myself, it's, like, you, knve totally, like, adapted to the way girls dress here, live here, you know? but, if... isn't it funny that i'd be okay with covering myself for the whole summer in thathe weather than b in shorts and bikinis all the time, like? what? >> i just don't get it. (music playing on speakers) (speaking indistinctly) >> erdbrink: i could easily find a thousand iranians who would gladly change places with romina and her american lifestyle. just to go out cruising with your friend in an old prius, blasting music in a parking lot as long as you like. >> i moved here when i was nine, so i completely had to adapt into the typical, like, "cali girl," you know?

>> erdbrink: and that's why now you have a tattoo on yr neck that says... >> "god is with me" in farsi. >> yeah. >> yeah.th is that, how i cali girl? i still like to stay, like, close to my roots. that's why i have the tattoo. >> erdbrink: but in iran, no one has a tattoo. >> because they don't appreciate it untilhey have to move away or they have to move out of the >> erdbrink: but what made you do that, that suddenly you think, "i want to put 'god is with me' on my neck"? >> it just means something to me. it means something close to my heart. like, all my other tattoos have meaning to m >> erdbrink: what is, what are the other tattoos? >> it's a map of iran. >> erdbrink: a mapf iran? >> yeah, the outline of it. (erdbrink speaking): get back in the car. (music playing on spkers) >> (singing along with music):

(erdbrink speaking):

>> erdbrink: goorgen will always remember the day hleft iran 30 years ago. ♪ th for hassan journey is just starting. the first stop on his way to stanford university is tehran. ♪ (hassan's grandfather speaking):

(speaking indistinctly) (family offering goodbyes) (horn beeps) ♪

of the most brilliant entsme one in iran, hassan started eaming of a future in the u.s. but most of the iranians living in the u.s. can't stop dreaming about iran. why do you think iranians, even when they live abroad, when they are, you know, at, like beautiful campus like here, why you think they are still so busy with iran? i mean, i'm sure if someone from colombia passes by, they are not only busy with colombia, or someone from belgium, buto iranians, they aresy with iran. even when they live tens of thousands of miles away. >> there are so tensions about my country, you know? i think we are passing from very important... this, this passage from tradition to modernity is not easy. it takes maybe a couple of generations, so that we feel comfortable with what we are, who we are. i am here, i wear my scarf.

i care about what i wear, because i have hope to go back,t and i know ahe complexities over there. this country, i mean, iran, e decisions i make, becausee of it's like a very sick child that you ha, that you cannot ignore it. you know, that's not going to get better, but you cannot just get disappointed. you want to do whatever you can to help it. and i'm not disappointed, i'm still hopeful, and i do my best. >> erdbrink: sommayeh is still hopeful that the sick child iran will one day recover. but e current american president doesn't share that optimism. ♪ >> this afternoon, in a little whil i'll be giving a speech on iran.

>> erdbrink: if there was any doubt about how rious trump was, it disappeared when he appointed s new national security adviser. john bolton had over the years made no secret of his plans for iran. >>..policy of the united states of america should be the overthrow of the mullahs' regime in tehran. >> erdbrink: and said so plainly at a meeting of iraniani dissidents in in 2017.he >>ehavior and the objectives of the regime are not going to change, and therefore the only solution is to change the regime itself. and that's... and that, before 2019, we here will celebrate in tehran. thank yovery much. (cheers and applause) ♪ >> i am announcing today that the united states will withdraw from the iran nuclear deal.

we will be instituting the highest level of economic sanction. thank you veryuch. this will make america much safer-- thank you very much. ♪ ♪ >> erdbrin when i came to live here 17 years ago, it was as if i'd landed on a different planet. as soon as i stepped off the plane in tehran, the door to the outside world was shut. this isolation ended recently, after internet and social media opened up the country. iran is now rapidly becoming

more modern. some leaders do their utmost to try and op these changes. and i saw the ly side of that battle this week. kavous, the father of friend of mine, was arrested out of the blue. he was charged with spying. ♪ and just three weeks later, i typed this headline for "the new york times." >> developing news this hour. a prominent academic, believed to be a dual iranian-canadian citizen, has died in prison after being arrested last month. today his son, raam emami,po ed on twitter that his father was arrested on the 24th of january, at "the news of his death was released to my mom on friday.

i still can't believe this." >> erdbrink: i couldn't believe what i was hearing. i thought it was far-fetched that he would be a spy, but now kavous was found dead in his cell. i asked his son to come over. the intelligence services have forbidden him to talk about the case. >> they said tt he had hung himself in his cell. and they showed my uncle some marks on his neck, on the back of his neck, and he had some bruises over his body, too. they said, "oh, this is probably when, you know, he was hanging he probably hit somewhere." um... >> erdbrink: but wasn't your father in, like, a high-security prison? >> you know, that's the thing. he was, you know, if he was such an important person in a high-security cell, how did it go, you know, unnitored for such a long time? fothem to allow such a thi to happen?

>> erdbrink: when they called your mother, your mother hadt seen your father in two weeks. what did they say to her? they finally said, "oh, so you want to see your husband. we'll take you to him. he's dead." and my mom started laughing, because she didn't believe it.t she thouat they were just playing mind games with her. and they're, like, "how dare you laugh in here? do you know where you are? we'll do the same thing to you.u and she wa hysterical, because she couldn't believe it. and so they finally took my mom and my uncle, and they drove them to the coroner's office, where my dad's body was apparently, like, on these steel medical tables, you know. and my mom just kept kissing my dad.sh ancouldn't believe it. she... obviously, she was just in complete hysteria. and... just... it was impossible for her to fathom, because thisr was, this sc of this event

happening the way it did was the last thing we ever thought would happen to our family. >> erdbrink: after studying in the u.s., kavous didn't stay in the west. he had been granted a canadian passport, but still took his family back to iran, because he wanted to help build up the country. and he went on to do that for 30 years, until he was arrested and accused of spying. yobut why would they targe father, who was a professor for 27 years at one of iran's most prominenuniversities? why would they target him? >> i mean, it's question that i don't think i will ever know the answer to. that and my dad's real cause of death are these two questions that i don't think i'll ever get um know what the full spec of the truth is. because, you know, while i'm 100% convinced and sure, and i think everybody else is, of my father's innocence in this story, there is a whole spectrum of a thousand thingsld that cave happened that i

can't speculate on. i can't... and it'll just, like, drive my c mind to zy, unless i have real, hard facts of actually why he was, you know, and this is what our lawyers are trying to do, too, through legal channels, to find out why was this man arrested, why was he interrogated, why wasn't he allowed to communicate with his family, and how, and why was his death, you know, soou irresponsibly,now, not prevented? ♪ >> erdbrink: so, the funeral was today.

and, um, yeah, i mean, it was dramatic. first of all, it was pouring with rain. we were on top of this really cold mountain outside of tehran. there were around 100 people. now, kavous emami was a reallyhe popular guy inity, but many people had been afraid to come to the funeral. and actually at the funeral, there were people whclearly hadn't come to pay their last respects, but to keep an eye on us-- men, you know, on cell phones talking, taking pictures of people. and at the point when they, when they brought in the body, maryam, kavous's wife, just let out thisrimal scream. and she started, like, yelling, like, she said, "why didn't ith talk tpress earlier? why didn't i throw a racket? why did i keep silenand let this happen?"

and at that point, everybody justtarted crying. i mean, it was intense. it was quite something.♪ ♪om from the mt the news came out about raam's father dying in prison, something in his environment changed. everybody was suddenly even after these events, so many people don't even answer our phone calls or come to visit , or... even my own dad's university hasn't even called us to send, you know, their regards or condolences.wo >> erdbrink: and hed there for how many years? >> i think 27 years. >> erdbrink: and they didn't even call? >> they haven't even called. >> erdbrink: why do you think people are so afraid? >> in this country especially, if you live with fr, you're done. you're done. they'll, they n smell that on you like a dog. and ey'll take control of

every single aspect of your life. tand i just refuse, not j myself, my brother, my mother... my mother has been so ave during this whole ordeal. um... we just refuse to give in to that fear. it's a crazy story, man, though' it's just, like, (exhales)... ♪ >> erdbrink: the modern rld invading the country is a serious threat to elements of the leadership. sometimes, normal people fall victim to those fears. inhis case, it was raam's father. ppen before, i found it very difficult to get his story out of my mind that evening.

the next morning, i pulled open the curtains, and what did i see? nothing. well, almost nothing. i've suddenly had my fill of tehran's polluted air. fortunately, there's a quick way to escape from it. ♪ to lift my spirits, i catch a train to the caspian sea. this train ride is one of the most beautiful train rides in the world. it's winter now, so the trees are bare. but in spring and summer, it will be intensely green. look at the truck crashed over there. it just came down the mountain. i'm on my way to an old friend, isa saharkhiz, a seasoned country, but refuses to keep

his mouth shut when he sees political wrongdoing. ♪ as a result of his critical articles, it seems he's almost spent more time in prison than out. (saharkhiz speaking): (car door closes) (erdbrink and saharkhizng spea speaking): and erdbrink hi

(erdbrink and saha speaking): >> erdbrink: i last intervieweds isa four ygo. he was just released from prison. but he always had a blue bag packed and ready in his hallwaye just in case they or him again. >> erdbrink:

y>> erdbrink: that was fors ago. not long after that conversation, isa was incarcerated again. this time, the price was high:

he was also banned from writing for two years. his health is poor, his wife left him, and he moved here, a village near the caspian sea. (erdbrink speaking):

(ebrink speaking): (continuing to call geese) >> erdbrink: still, must be strange for isa. being an activist and continuing until you wind up in prison seems to have fallen out of (saharkhiz speaking): (erdbrink speaking):

(erdbrink and saharkhiz speaking): >> erdbrink: isa is finding it very difficult to keep his publication ban. he's itching to get back to work. but when he tries write, his children react furiously.

♪ >> erdbrink: it's a good question: is the new generation still prepared to pay the price for a tree country without repression and tyranny? or have they been lulled to sleep behind tir cappuccinos? and do they mostly celebrate the this contentment onlynstagram? reserved for people who can afford cappuccos? he

the answers to all questions came unexpectedly just when i returned from a vacation outside of iran. yes, yes. o. get snow here in iran, but whenever it falls, it's the city descends into chaos. schools are closed. people make snowmen,ust like they do in the west. well, that element of surprise that comes with snow is also very present in iran's political situation. because you always know that, at some point, there will be unrest, you just don't know when. well, for me, that surprise came when i was on the other side ofa the world, in on a skiing trip, and i started receiving all these videos on my phone-- videos of big, nationwide protests in iran. and these videos, they were quite impressive. in over 80 cities, iranians have

taken to the streetsvoicing their frustrations. they were even angry with suprase leader khamenei, who w called a dictator by some of the protesters. (chanting) also, president rouhani took some heat. (chanting) soon after that, instagram w blockeby the government. i meet with my friend and "l.a. our weekly chat.dent ramin for he couldn't be more sure: thef majoritye protesters are people who find it hard to make ends meet. the promise of the nuclear deal was that things would get bettem for but they haven't. >> these people are challenging the day-to-day life, the daily routine. they don't have decent job.

theyon't have decent, i mean payment-- they're underpaid, they are educated, sometimes uneducated, but they cannot achieve what they want. >> erdbrink: but they are saying, "change this!" why can't thgovernment change this? >> because the government has been failing all the time. i mean, this government cannot address these basic needs of the people. they cannot, government cannot provide enough jobs. the private sector is unable to do anything for them. there is no foreign investment there is no domestic investment. so there's no job. >> erdbrink: the security forces employed strong-arm tactics. 25 people were killed. around 4,000 protesterwere arrested.♪ ♪ but it was surprising that tehran was relatively quiet. the regulars at the cappuccino cafés didn't join the other protesters.

because the middle class didn't join, the protests soon fizzled out. why the middle class isn't joining them? i mean, they are dissatisfied about everhing, constantly complaining and saying, "this is wrong, that is wrong," and they have points.>> t's a matter of price. the middle class wants to achieve the goals just by snapping the finger. what is that? just, "we participate in the election, weote on fridays, and then everything will be promising, as s been promised to us in the campaigns of the erdbrink: but they don't want to take to the streets for this. >> no. >> erdbrink: but they did in. 20 >> they did in 2009... >> erdbrink: when they went by the millions, and they protestet the re-en of ahmadinejad. >> yeah, because that time, that time, victory seed very achievable, very near. the middle class is ready to take a risk when victory seems guanteed. it doesn't seem now. protests will not leadink these anything?

>> it will accumulate frustrations and wilre-emerge, like many previous ones, inff ent forms under different pretexts. ♪ >> erdbrink: when rouhani was re-elected last year, people were cheering in the street. but now change is coming much too slowly for aeneration spoiled byhe internet. at the same time, they fear the new sanctions will only strengthen the hardliners andke change even more difficult. >> there is just, like, a general, sort of, resentment, disappointment that now has seeped through all of society or all dit levels. people are, like, "oh, what happened, you know, after the deal? you know, nothing got better." and i think obviously the hardliners want that, because the more chaos,e tuation, the more they can consolidate their power. like, president rouhi, for example, had such a huge swath

of the population behind him. you know, the biggest statement rouhani could make, that he's powerless in this govement, is to just resign. and it's pretty evident to a lot of people that the government is powerless, but it would make such a bigger statement if they themselves came out, you know, and just say it, you know? just say, "you know what? we can't, we can't help you, because our hands are tied." ♪ >> erdbrink: so maybe presidentl rouhani 't bring the changes his voters wanted, even though he'd given them anlu instagram reon and access to a wildly faster internet. but, the internet has a d downside, and thnside is that it gives information that l

iranders don't want. so, when there are protests in this country, the ternet gets cut-- no more internet. that doesn't mean, however, thar ians are isolated. because the outside world hastr peed this country a long time ago. for instance, in the shape of satellite television-- there are over 150 channels that transmit in persian straight into ts country. and...

this is one of the two channels that ali says is very popular here in iran. it's called manoto, and it operates from london. now, as you can see, this is a show about cooking. a guy with tattoos is presenting it. it's much more "now" than iranian state tv, that has,ol like, "theion of mathematical problems in two hours" or "a roundtable discussion between cleri." if you are a young iranian, naturally you're more attracted to this kind of tv, but just like iranian statete vision, manoto and the other channels have their own political agendas. manoto, for instance, shows political documentaries about the time of the shah in beautiful technicolor colors. they show how the shah was receiving president carter back life was, according to them, before the revolution. rsnow, if you are a young who has never experienced thatou

time, then naturallyook outside, you see the smoke, you see the restctions, and you think, "hmm, that time was much betterhan the era that i'm living in." so propaganda is on all sides: on state television, yeah, but also on the persian channels operating from abroad. as a journalist, i try to watch iranian state television, at least to understand the fre of mind of the people behind it. like last night, when they tried to prove that kavous and hisro envinmentalist colleagues were all spying for the west. >> erdbrink: they used footage f from tily's confiscated home videos. cameras placed to film wildlife are called high-tech spying equipment, aimed at monitoring iranian missile movements. camping trips with the family allegedly took place near secret

nuclear installations. (tv host speaking): (man speaking): >> erdbrink: it turns out that security officials have taken the deed to the family home. now they have lost everything. it's the last straw. the two sons andother decide to leave the country. exactly one month after father died in his cell, both sons and their mom leave iran. they head to canada.

i wait for them in frankfurt, where they change flights. i wonder if the family h succeeded in getting out of iran. what happened? >> they didn't let our mom out. she couldn't leave the country. we were just standing at the last security control, and then someone walked out and started calling her name... >> moments before the flight. ficial suit, or... just... an >> like a plainclothes suit guy. >> erdbrink: a plainclothes guy? >> yeah, and he basically was calling out myom's name, and we immediately knew that something was wrong, as soon as we heard h last name. and, um... >> erdbrink: what did she say? e flight. was really close to we both wish they had just told us sooner. we might have called someone.as ititerally, like, 20 minutes before, ten minutes before the flight. >> erdbrink: so the last, lastom moments efore boarding. >> the last moment, yeah.

>> erdbrink: and what did your, what did your mom say? i mean, the dogs were already on the plane? you guys were allowed to go? >> yes. >> they said, "the two ss can go, but maryam has to stay back." >> and they said, "you just have, like, literally two minutes to make a decision." i mean, "do you want to stay or do you want to go? you have to decide now." >>nd our mom forced us to, like, just get on the plane. "i want you out of this i mean, that's like...he is so selfless and so full of love, o like, she just wanted us out of here, and just safe and in one piece. and we luckily had some friendse atirport with us, you know, who were with our mom, so we didn't just leave her on her own. there was, like, ten, 12 people with her, t they took her iranian passport away and said that she can't leave the country now.yo >> erdbrink: sthink you guys... i mean, your mom is there, you think maybe you'll go back if th don't allow her to come out? >> i just talked to my mom, and she told me, "don't ever come ck." she said, "no matter what happens. even if i were to die..." (crying) like, she's, like, "just don't come back. i'm going to make sure that you come out safe and sound."

(erdbrink ghs) >> i mean, how much can one family go through in just a couple of weeks, you know? i mean, they arrest with no evidence, my dad died in prison with no explanation; the case,s according to them,osed, and the legal channels are very limited... >> and they continue to smear our family. >> and they continue to smear, our fami bother our family, to pressure our family, to threaten our family. mean, we're tired of it. >> erdbrink: and for what? >> for what? i mean, aren't we living in a... where are we living? i mean, this is... this is not the iran we imagined.th is not the iran we envisioned. this is not the iran my fatherof wanted to be a par

>> (sniffs) ♪ >> erdbrink: okay. so you guys are... it's b, so... now we're going to say... >> thank you so much, man.(e rdbrink talking softly) >> hopefully we'll see you in one piece. (erdbrink laughs) ♪ >> erdbrink: a few weeks later, an extraordinary reversal. president rouhani'minister of

intelligence declares that there were no grounds for the accusation of espionage against their father. but it didn't change anything. kavous is dead, and his wife is still not allowed to leave the country. ♪ it's always the same in iran. life here is unpredictable. you get tossed back and forth between happiness and sadness. so, along with all the other iranians, i too fe moments of doubt. but then, walking in winding malleys, i stumble across with a plastic bag. he suddenly turns around, looks at me, and smiles. he thinks i'm a ranger here, who doesn't speak his language.i

and so hs me a song. >> (singing) goodbye, my friend, goodbye. a >> erdbrin just as soon as he appeared, he disappears agai so, even after 17 years, n iraniaer fail to surprise me. ♪ i wanted to show you an iran

different from the impression mo americans have from following the tv news. there is so much more to it than this... >> erdbrink: so i have mainly stuck to those people i already knew. people who trusted me and who, one by one, are willing to share their stories and thoughts in front of the camera.ne all and open people, brave without exception, and always up for a good laugh. (laughing) >> erdbrink: thanks to those people and, of course, newsha and her family, i feel at home here, in spite of everything. ki (erdbrink sp): so there is one thing i know for sure: i'm not leaving anytime. so i'm not done telling stories

about ir and the iranian people. not yet. ♪ >> got to pbs.org/frontline fore f frontline's reporting on iran and it's neighbors, the 3-ho series "bitter rivals" about the dangerous rivalry between iran and saudi arabia. >> they startethis sectarian mess, not us. >> nonsense, the iranians are the ones who are exporting terrorism. then visit our films pa where you can watch more than 200 frontline documentaries. >> connect to the frontline community on facook, twitter and pbs.org/frontle. >> here comes the federal government saying that they ownd the land everything on it is theirs, but my dad said hell no. >> how one family's fight against e government. >> ...the armed standoff in bunkerville. >> this became sort of this rallying cryfor anti-government extremists everywhere. >> sparked a movement

>> ...anti-government patriot groups... . >>..ammon bundy is in federal custody now. a >> what means. >> free the patriots! >> the bundys defied three court orders, and the rule of law. >> next time on frontline... >> frontline is made possible bo contributionour pbs station from viewers like you. thank you.po and by the ction for public broadcasting. major support is provided by the john d. and catherine t.on macarthur foundacommitted to building a more just, verdant and peaceful world. more information is available at macfound.org. the ford foundation:orking with visionaries on the front lines of social change worldwide. at fordfoundation.org. additional support is provided a by tams foundation: committed to excellence in journalism. the parkoundation, dedicated to heightening public awareness of critical issues. the john and helen glessner family trust. supporting trustworthy journalism that informs and inspires. and by the frontline journalism

fund, with major supportom jon and jo ann hagler. and additional support from joseph azrack and abigail congdon. captioned byce media group at wgbh access.wgbh.org >> for more on this and other frontline programs, visit our website at pbs.org/frontline. "frontline's" "our man in tehran" is available on dvd.vi to ordert shop.pbs.org or call 1-800-play-pbs. "frontline" is also available for download on itunes. ♪

you're watching pbs the liit's time to select america's favorite book, in the great american read! come to the website and see our collection of america's 100 best-loved novels. is your favorite on the list? vote for your book, then share your choice so your friends and family can join in. the voting is open now! i'm meredith vieira. help us choose america's favorite book, re on the great america. come to pbs.org/greatamericanread and vote for your favorite today!

wl with the new york giants, michael strahan retired as ofe of the greatest ive players to ever play the game. but when all is said and done, he may end up being remembered more for his ca er after football. but when all is said and done, he may end up - [michael you said black person, mark, every black person went, what? - [carlos] so what gave this hall of fame tough guy the stamina to tackle both personal and professional controversy on his way to breaking big several times over and becoming one of the most widely recognized fas on television? - [man] and good morning, america. tolot of news to gehis morning. - [carlos] what makes people successful? whatrnre the unexpected tus in life that propel pele to greatness? i'm carlos watson, editor of ozy.