captioning sponsored by wnet >> sreenivasan: on this editn for saturday, august 18: the world mourns the death of former u.n. secretary-general kofi annan; turkey/u.s. tensions rise as the turkish economy continues to fall; and in our signature segment, an unfiltered look at the tragic life of champion surfer andy irons. next on pbs newshour weekend. >> pbs newshour weekend is made possible by: bernd and irene schwartz. .e and edgar wachenheim i the cheryl and philip milstein family. dr. p. roy vagel and diana t. vagelos. the j.p.b. foundati. rosalind p. walter. barbara hope zuckerberg. corporate funding is provided by mutual of america--

designing cuidstomized indl and group retirement products. that's why we're your tirement company. additional support has been provided by: and by the corporation for public broadcasting, and contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thanyou. from the tisch wnet studios at lincoln center in new york, hari sreenivasan. >> sreenivasan: good evening, and thanks for joining us. nobel peace prize winner and former secretary-general of the unit nations, kofi annan, has died. the veteran diplomat was 80 years old and died after a short, unspecified illness, according to his foundation. born in ghana, annan was a career diplomat at the u.n. and e first secretary-general to be refrom within the organization's ranks. annan served two terms as theu. 's leader from 1997 to 2006 and was jointly awaracd a nobel pee prize with the u.n. in 2001.

he was the first black african ecretary-general current secretary-general antonio guterres said in a statement that "annan was the united nations" and "was a guiding force for good." annan led global development t he also clashed with the to u.s. over the invasion of iraq in 2003, which was launched without authorization from the u. security council. after leaving the u.n. in 2007, annan remained involved in diplomatic efforts, including serving as an envoy in syria in 2012. the newshour's jeffrey brown talked with him about the united nation's role in 2012 after the publication of the former secretary-general's memoir. >> we have a spegoat... a scapegoat role, if you wish, and an alibi role. when things are really desperate and hopeless and you can't do anything about this, and there's a sense that something must be done, that is something that usually leads to the u.n.

you dump it on the u.n., and you, as a member state, you have done something. it's those incompetent people at the u.n.iv who are not ding. no. and my predecessor, boutros, used to say the letters "s.g." doesn't stand for "secretary- b genera "scapegoat." >> sroieenivasan:ng me now from oak bluffs, massachusetts, via skype is helene gayle, president and of the chicago community trust and former president and c.e.o. of care. first, how did you know kofi annan? >> well, i first met kofi when i was with the u.s. government heading global aids activities, and then when i was at the bill and melinda gates foundation, also working on global aids, worked with him then. and then in my work at care continued to work with him. fo over a period of a couple o decades i've had the real pleasure of knowing kofi annan. >> sreenivasan: wha s going to bhe long-lasting legacy, especially when it comes to his

work on h.i.v. issues? t well, from my perspective, one of the thinat was so remarkable was that he elevated e issue of h.i.v. and aids as a global issue, but also that he felt was important enough to bring before thecu ty council and the general assembly. and so it was the first time that the u.n. actually put a focus on a global epidemic because e impact of it was so far reaching. and i thinmk it was verh in keeping with the kind of things that he brought to e u.n. the u.n. reform, obviously, ie s know the things that he will be remembered for, but the fact that he started the us compact, that was one of the most important landmarks around business sociaanresponsibility how to make sure that this issue of social responsibility was embedded within the u.n. through the global compact and really had an impact on how

global businesses thought about their responsibility beyond just their businesses. ahe so, you know, i thinkre are many things-- and the fact that he then went on to start his frendation, whicly looked at some of the issues that he had been such a leader en around global developm particularly in africa, that continued that legacy of thinking about w do you look at global issues from this broader perspective? the fact that he was awarded the nobel prize i think elevated the u.n. in a way that it had never been elevated before. so i think there are so many things that kofi annan will be remembered for. but i think beyol of those accomplishments, the fact that was such an incredible human being, and that he had such dignity and in everything that he did, he brought a level of elegance and dignity to it. he was a humble perso he was an incredible intellect. he was somebody w brought

people together. and so, he was a remarkable human being in so many ways. >> sreenivasan: hehad mentioned in his mim m.s.d. words and other places that h regrets the iraq war. he sees that as one of the things he wished he couldhave stopped. over the years that you got to know him, are there other things that he was passionate about that he wished he could have done more on or inat he was wito re-engage in? >> well, i think he always felt that as a son of africa that he had a commitment to do all that he could to help impve conditions in africa. and i think he, through his work with the elders, through his work with the foundation, through his wo with the big global collaboration agra, which focused on agriculture in africa, i think these issues that really helped to highlight the importance of africa as a growing-- rapidly growing and important economy, i think were

things that were near and dear to his heart. d i think he, in his post-secretary-general years, really did a lot to further th issues of development and economic development in africa. >> sreenivasan: all right, helene gayle, president and c.e.o. of the chicago commuty trust joining us via skype. thanks so much. >> thank you.>> reenivasan: it was a national day of mourning in italy today. a state funeral was held in genoa for those who died last tuesday when the morandi bridge collapsed during busy lunchtime traffic, killing more than 40 people. that number may rise as search and rescue teams continue to sift through the rubble. a genoa court is now charged with determining the of the collapse of the 51-year-old bridge. in the south indian state of kerala are stranding thousands of people and hindering rescue operations. the flooding being called the worst in a century, with some areas receiving more than double the rainfall of a typical monsoon seon. more than 190 people have died in the past tedays, and 300,000 are now in state-run

relief camps. the special counsel investigating russian interference into the 2016 election is asking jail time for a former trump foreign affairs aide who has admitted to lying to the f.b.i. george papadopoulos pled guilty to onlse count of making statements last october. in a filing late last night, prosecutors said jail time was warranted after papadopoulos repeatedly lied during t interview abe timing and significance of information he solici hillary clinton.about sentencing is scheduled for september 7. 24 migrant children under age five are still separated from their parents, ac acordin new court filing. read more at www.pbs.org/newshour. >> sreenivasan: tensions are rising between the united states and itsatally, turkey. today, in ankara, president recep tayyip erdogan addressed thousands of supporters as his country's currency continues to ll. erdogan is calling the united states' recent economic sttanctions an pted economic

coup." >> ( translated ): today, some people are trying to thaten us through the economy, through sanctions, foreign exchange, interest rates and inflation. we are telling them, "we've seen your games, and we a challenging you." >> sreenivasan: erdogan's statements come one day after president trump calleprturkey "a oblem for a long time." associated press reporter christopher torchiis covering ents in turkey, and he joins us now via skype from istanbul. so tell me a little bit more about what the president-- presidengan-- said today. >> today, the turkish president, recep tayyip erdogan, again d some strong rhetoric directed at the united stes. he talked about an attempt at economic coup which is sort of language that echoes and recalls a 2016 attempted coup by some militarynits. so the comparison is strong, to say the least. he also said in comments that

seemed to be directed at the u.s. that "we know your game and we'll challenge you." >> sreenivasan: it's important to point out that this-- the trade sanctions that the united ates has impose are not the he decline ofor t the turkish economy. it's been sliding for a while, >> that's absolutely correct, hari. in a sense, it's really quite a turnaround, a negative one, for turkey, which had strong econic growth many years an was considered a success story, a gional power for some time. but a lot of that growth was fueled by heavy foreign currency borrowing. and the economy has been overheating and now it could be that some companies will-- in turkey will be unable to pay back those debatts. and for reason, the people have the jitters. so it's a structuleral pr that has been developing for a long time and is not just linked to this dispute with the u.s. >> sreenivasan: tell me a

little bit what the situation is wi andrew brunson, the pastor at the center of all this. >> well, he remains under hoe arrest, house detention. he remains on trial for alleged offenses linkedto terrorism. he n agtempted, through his lawyer, to appeal for a lifting of the travel ban and for his release, but a couple of turkish quurts turned down those ts this week. so turkey is certainly holding the line on the case of the pastor and is not giving to american demands that he be relemmediately. so it really is a major sticking point in the u.s.-turkey relationship, but not the only one. >> sreenivasan: is the thinking that erdogan is holdewg an brunson as some sort of leverage to try to get his way to get the person he wants backi

from thed states? >> that is certainly the view of some people. oe view of the united states, president trump aners, believe the charges against the pastor, arew brunson, are trumped up and are essentially that they're framin framing thir as a way, as you say, to put pressure on the u.s. o hand over ghoulan. who is the turkish muslim cleric accused of fermenting e 2016 attempted coup. he's living in pennsylvania at the moment. and but for a couple of years now, american officials have inid to turkey that turkey has to provide convievidence of involvement in that attempted coup in order for any extradition proceding to g forward. >> sreenivasan: all right, associated press report g christopher torchia join via skype from istanbul. thanks so much. >> thank you.

>> sreenivasan: this week, the centers for disease control and prevention released findings showing a record2,000 drug sierdose deaths in 2017. that's a 13% rise president trump declared the opioid crisis a national public health emergency. opioid addiction afpeople from all walks of life, even our greatest athletes. a new documentary, "kissed by god," profiles sur ing legend anns, who died in 2010 after battling both mental .lness and opioid addicti newshour weekend's megan thompson recently sat down with steve jones, one of the film's directors. >> you ever heard of being kiedy god? 'cause that's pretty much what it is. for those ten, 3-2-1 second, it's like god came down and gave you kiss, and then you just

chase that thewhole rest of your life trying to get that first wave or the fibarrel or the first turn. >> reporter: the documentary, "andy irons: kissed by god," tells the story of one of the world's most talented and famous competitive surfers. >> surfing's my life, 100%. i live and breath sfing. >> he's still going. is he coming out? yes! >> reporter: andy irons was born and raised in hawaii. he started suring when he was just seven years old. he went professional at 20 and ly became a star he gained lucrative sponsorship deals with brands like billabong. >> when you watched him surf, it was so explosive and unpredictable and so totally committed. >> reporter: steve jones co-directed "andy irons: kissedy od." >> i remember watching andy and his brother bruce surf growin up as a kid, and my brothers and i being like, wow, there's, look ate these guys. re's sething different about them. and it was ju this brashness

and radicalness that i think both of those brothers exuded. >> reporter: the filmhronicles irons' struggles and triumphs as he traveled mpe globe to coe. irons initially came in dead kest on his first world tour in 1999, only to maa comeback and win three world titles back to back. >> andy irons, your last score: a peect ten. >> reporter: andy's brother, bruce, was also a successful and popular surfer. jones says the irons brothers didn't grow up rich. >> they came from a very simple upbringing. people fe relatable character, and he was referred to as the people's e champ as he started to r and realize these successes. so, kind of a cool, almost rags-tohe-rics story. >> reporter: but jones says there was another side of andy irons, one rarely seen by the public. as the film reveals, he struggled with bipolar disorder for yeas .

here he home after winning his first world title. >> it's just something i don't know. it's jus lot of just stuff going on. and i just try to not let it get to me, but i'm just only human. it s just gets to me sometid i get overwhelmed. and i try not to get overwhelmed, but it's hard. >> like, he can'theigure out why sn't more happy, more elated that he won the world title. he's deeply troued, and he's talking about, you know, needing something to turn him around and refuel him. i think that that was a lot of the behind the scenes people just never saw with andy. wn't just this elated rise to fame and success and,e.ou know, fort >> reporter: irons self-medicated with alcohol and drugs, made easier by t lifestyle of partying that surrounded him. he eventually developed an addiction. >> you know, he was smoking weed when he was younger. he'd smoke a lot of weed. and then, if it wasnow weed, you knthen drinking. a lot of drinki. then coke.

a lot of coke and drinking. >> reporter: a massive archive of never-before-seen footage and in-depth interviews with friends and family help tell the story rons' incredible highs a debilitating lows, including episodes of paranoia. >> he got tthe place where we were staying. he got in there, he closed up the curtains, he says, "they're out there. they're everywhere." we don't >> doors shut, windows, drapes down. they're following me. like out of the movies. >> hent, like, ff the deep end. >> reporter: how much did the people around him know what he was dealing with at the time? >> you know, a lot of people that we've spoken to weren't necessarily aware of the bipolar disorder or the mental illness. like, i think that the drug thing was pretty prevalent. andy talkeabout wanting to

come out with his story and go clean and tell the world like, "hey, thim,s is who ind this is what i've been struggling with. and i have been to rehab." there were, you know, some people encouraging him to do that and some people going, "you can't talk about that." like, y aou know, "you' well-paid pro-athlete. the face of several different brands. and that's a story that we n'dot want to tell, we're not comfortable telling." >> reporr: irons eventually became addicted to opioids and heroin. >> the pill runs a harthone to kick, at's the one that grabbed a hold of my brother. grabbed a hd of a lot of us. it took down a whole bunch of people. that seemed like that was the beginning of the end for that big run that my brother had. >> reporter: irons married his wife, lyndie, in 2007.be she descris some of her husband's lowest moments and her struggle to keep it all a secret.

>> and he always told me, "don't you dare tell anyone." so, i had to go to freakin' food land and act like everything was fine, and i had a, lik de,ng heroin addicted husband like at home. like it was... i look back now and i wish i didn't. i was just trying to protect him. >> a lot of his friends would go ano you know, literally try hunt down the people that were supplying it to andy. so, there were some people who were aggressively really trying to help him and cut it off at the source. >> reporter: in 2010with his wife lyndie eight months pregnant, irons traveled to puerto rico for a competition but endtoo sick to compete. on his way back, he stopped in dallas on a layover. hade was found he next day in his hotel room. he was 32. >> when andy first passed, there was a lot of mysry around what actually happened. >> reporter: so, people just, there was like silence around his death. >> there was a lot of silence.

i mean, the first thing that came out was that it was dengue lyver, which was just tot fabricated. >> reporter: it turned out that irons had a heart attack. an autopsy showed he had antidepressts, cocaine and ethadone in his system. how did you get past thaten sil that surrounded his death? how did you break through? >> hawaii's an interesting place because there's a lot of pride anand aloha lot of protectiveness of family and friends and things like that. so, we were able to really just take the time and be patient and earn people's trust. >> reporter: fivonyears after death, his brother bruce and widow lyndie finally agreed to talk. >> now that you're not here i realize, you know, i... i'm alone inhis world. everything that you felt, i fe. you were my hero growing up, and you still are. >> i don't even know how to

explain it in words how much i miss you. and i want to tell you that u're amazing, and i'm so proud of you. st wish i could hug yo and hold you and kiss you one last time. >> the big thing when we started to sit down and do ierviews was just bruce and lyndie going, u know, people would call them and be like, "hey, these guys are coming. what do you want me to say?" and bruce was like, "you guys can tell all. ll everything. we want it out there. we're telling the true story. l in." >> it was heartbreaking to see, because sometimes he wouldn't be le to handle it. and then, you just go, you now, there's an addiction here that's much stronger than... it wasn't an intentional thing. but those pressures were constant for him. >> they'd been holding this in for, you know, seven years. we would hear the rumblings of people being like, hey, have you been in the therapy chair yet? y >> reporter: tlled it the therapy chair? >> they called it the therapy chair. and every interview would literally end with the whole crewn tears.

>> reporter: the filmabill be avale on itunes in september. jones hopes it will generate a public dialogue about addiction and mental iless. >> even from the time the trailer for the film came out, and now with the lease of the film, we've had a remarkable number of people, you know, coming to us going, "hey, thank you guys so muchn like, "my frchecked into rehab after watching that movie," or "my brother saw the trailer and he's now in rehab, and he's trying to lp."he we all have struggles. like, let's talk about it, man. >> sreenivasan: join us tomorrow for an in-depth look at the rise of ride-sharing. are drivers part-time workers in the new gig economy, or arthey employes? >> it was never meant toe,e my side huss uber likes to call it. it was never meant to be like that in new york city. >> sreenivasan: that's all for this edition of pbs newshour weekend. i'm hari sreenivasan. thanks for watching.

captioning sponsored by wnet captioned by media access group at wh access.wgbh.org >> pbs newshour weekend is made possible by: bernard and irene schwartz. sue and edgar wachenheim iii. the cheryl and philip milstein family. dr. p. roy vagelos and diana t. vagelos. the j.p.b. foundation. rosalind p. walter. barbara hope zckerberg. corporate funding is provided by mutual of america-- designing customized individual and group retirement products. that's why we're your retirement company. additional support has been provided by:

and by the corporation for puic broadcasting, and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. be more. pbs.

- [carlos] growing up in zimbabwe, danai gurira didn't see a lot of charaers who lookst like her on the e or screen. but eventually, she would turn that void into crusade that cast her homeland into the spotlight, earn hery nomination, starring roles in the walking dead and the international blockbuster, black panther. and put her on the path to breaking big. what makes people successful? what are the unexpecd turns in life that propel people to greatness? i'm carlos watson, editor of ozy. i'm out to uetover the real sebehind breaking big.