captioning sponsored by newshour productions, llc oo >> woodruff:evening. i'm judy woodruff. on the newshour tonight: after being on the brink of leaving canada out of a trade deal, and a day of more hotor rhet, president trump leaves the door open to resolving differences. then, celebrating the lives of two american icons. services are held to honor longtime senator john mccain, and the queen of soul, aretha franklin. plus, we take a look inside prison reforms in louisia, and how changes made there could affect criminal justice nationwide. >> we're locking up everybody we can, but yet we are still in the top ten on crime stats, you know? so, something's not right here. >> woodruff: and, it's friday. mark shields and david brooks weigh in on this week's imary elections and the president's prediction of violence from democrats if they lose in

november. all that and more, on tonight's pbs newshour. >> major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by: >> consumer cellular believes that wireless plans shou reflect the amount of talk, text and data that you use. we offer a variety of no-ir contractess plans for people who use their phones a little, a lot, or anything in between. to learn more, go to consumercellular.tv >> bbel. a language program that teaches real-life conversations in a new language, like spanish, french, german, italian, and more. babbel's ten to 15 minute lessons are available as an app, or online. more information on babbel.com. >> financial services firm raymond james.

>> the ford foundat working with visionaries on the frontlines of social change worldwide. >> and with the ongoing support of these institutions: and friends of the newshour. >> this program was made possible by the corporation fort public broadg. and by contributions to your pbs yostation from viewers lik thank you. >> woodruff: the united ates and canada failed to reach a new free trade agreement by a self-imposed deadline today. instead, president trump announced that he will sign axi pact with in 90 days, and that canada could still join itg

the neement, if reached, would replace nafta.ca it als out that he vowed, in an off-the-record conversation, that e u.s. would make no concessions in the canada negotiations. but, he told interviewers that saying it publicly would be so insulting that canada would balt ny deal. the president confirmed the comment during an appearance toy in charlotte, north carolina. >> they actually printed my off the record. they said, "president trump said, off the record..." and then they go and-- i say, this is a first. these are very dishonorable people. but i id, in the end, it's okay, because at least canada knows how i feel. >> woodruff: the u.s.-canada negotiatns are set to resume on wednesday, and the canadian foreign minister said she is confident they can get a deal. for more on all of this, i'mit joined by our house

correspondent, yamiche alcindor. so, ya to be deadline day, self-imposed that came up to the brink, butre now theoing to keep talk. why? >> they're going to keep talking because essentily this is really good economics for both countries. canada depends on nafta for a lot of their economic growth, so it would be really hard for canada to move forward without nafta. and the united states, one of their biggest trading partnersis canada, so they also want to continue to talk and get a deal done.de then pre trump made a promise to voters. he campaigned all across they counlking about nafta saying he was going to get something bert for workersso this extension allows more time to do that. >> woodruff: how are they going to do t how do they make this work? there is this deadline. >> now, essentially, the trump administration is saying to congress, we think that we can at least give you 90 days that we will have an. agreeme they are pushing to get this agreement done before the mexican government changes over. there's going to be a new

president afte november 30, so they want to try to get this done. but the u.s. is sayingre the on solid legal ground, they think they can do this with congress, but the canadian foign minister had a press conference and would not respond to questions about how president trump is impacting these talks. that doesn't look good. even though she says things are positive, she didn't want to the president of the united states. >> woodruff: quickly, yamiche, speaking of that, we just quoted what the president had to say, i don't want to say what i believe at canada, it would be so insulting. how is that? affecting how that what's going on? >> it's hard to say because, again, theanian foreign minister doesn't want to touch anything president trump is saying. that said, you have bloomberg sayingwe didn't publish anything off the record. i talked to someone from bloomberg who said we don't havn anything president's tweet. a lot of senators havd s to voters across the country nafta

is a problem and the want to get something done, so we'll have to see whether or not they can make it happen. they told congress it will be 90 ys. the president said he would do forward with mexico. they hinted they would go forward without canada. i woodruff: up to the precipice, nowt keeps going. yamiche alcindor, thank you. >> thank you. >> woodruff: this has also been a day of tributes to the fallen starting with te senator john mccain, in washington. he lay in state today, in the builsng where he spent decade of his political life. it rained briefly as senatormc in's casket arrived at the u.s. capitol, along with his family, from grandchildren to his 106-year-old mother, roberta. but the weather did nothing to dampen the ceremony inside thend capitol ro lawmakers paid final respects, and top republicans testified to mccain's independent streak senate majority leader mitch mcconnell:d

>> he woght tooth and nail for his vision of the common .ood depending on the issue, you knew john would either be your staunchest ally or youmost stubborn opponent. >> woodruff: house speaker paul ryan recalled the former navy pilot-turned-potician as plain-spoken. >> from time to time, on the receiving end of john's distinct brand of candor. and happily so. i remember thinking more than once, "yeah, he really does talk like a sailor.">> woodruff: vice president mike pence remembered a mandl of bos energy, displayed during a trip to iraq. ay>> after another 18-hour when i was literally fallingmi asleep in thle of a dinneria with iraqi off-- after the dinner, john, who was more than

20 years older than me, walked, put his hand on my shoulder and said, "m fe, we've got more meetings tonight, but why don't you turn in? you look like you could use some rest." thanksjohn. >> woodruff: mccain had openly feuded with president trump, and it was widely reported that thea presidenasked not to attend today. but the vice president praised mccain's long service in the military, then the house, and finally the senate. >> in every generation, there are those who put country first ize service ahead of self, who summon idealism from a cynical age. john mccain was such a man. >> woouff: afterward, family and friends had their own moments beside the casket, and the doors opened to the public. a formal memorial service

gtfollows tomorrow at washn national cathedral. we will have more on today's remembrances of johnccain later in the program. and in detroit, the star-studded funeral for aretha franklin, the famed queen of soul. the greater grace temple in detroit was filled with soaring musical tributes from ariana grande and fth hill. smokey robinson and former president bill clinton were two of those who delivered eulogies during the day-long event. we will take some time to listen to more of those tributes, later in the program. >> woodruff: in the day's other news, there's word that russian intelligence braed in 2016 that it had then-candidate trump "over a barrel." the associated press reports that justice department official bruce ohr related that t congress this week. ohr said it came from the author of a dossier on mr. trump's ties to russia. also today, washington lobbyist tmuel patten pleaded guil illegal lobbying for a ukrainian group.

it included steering money to the trump inaugural committee. in eastern ukraine, the leader of russian-backed separatis died today in a cafe explosion. russia accused ukraine of assassinating alexander zakharchenko to destabilize the region. kiev denied it.ec zakharchenko be head of the so-called "donetsk peoe's republic" in 2014 after rebels overthrew a regional government loyal to ukraine. the united states has formallyd enpport for the u.n. agency that helps palestinian refugees. the state department today called the program "irredeemablflawed." u.s. contributions make up 30% ofhe u.n. agency's budget- nearly $300 million. rebels in northwestern syria blew up bridges today, hoping to thow a government offensiv appears imminent. war monitors reported bridges in idlib pr were destroyed

after rebels spotted government troops moving. meanwhile, russia's foreign minister, sergei lavrov, said moscow backs syria's right to attack an al qaeda-linked group that controls much of idlib. >> ( translated ): they have the full righto protect their sovereignty and to drive out, to liquidate the terrorist threat on the territory. this is the main problem about idlib, is that there must be separation betwe armed opposition that is ready to hold dialogue with the government, on the one hand, and the terrorists, on the other. >> woodruff: meanwhile, russian naval forces are also building in the mediterranean to support a syrian offensive. but lavrov said negotiations are under way to let civilians leave first.. in response, ucretary of state mike pompeo warned against what he called an "escalation of an already dangerous conflict." iran is said to be sendingba istic missiles to shiite allies in iraq, and looking to

expand missile production there. reuters reports that the weapons have the range to strike key cities in tehran's two major regional foes, israel and saudi arabia. nicaragua has ordered a united nations human rights team to leave the country, for criticizing a crackdown on protests. this week, the u.n. group charged that nicaragua's government has illegally arrested and tortured diidents. back in this country, they won't be hunting grizzly bears after all, tomrow, in wyoming and idaho. the hunts would have been the two states' first in more than 40 years. t, a federal judge has blocked bear season for two weeks, to consid objections by conservation groups. and, wall street had a quiet friday, heading into the labor day weekend. the dow jones industrial average lost 22 points, to close at 25,964. the nasdaq rose 21 points, and the s&p 500 added just a

fraction. still to come on the newshour: "broken justice." helping former prisoners succeed once they are released. john mccain's biographers remembe late senator. mark shiel and david brooks analyze the week's news.e and, much mor. >> woodruff: for decades, ed up its citizens who had been convicted of crimes at nearly wice the national rate-- many for nonviolent offenses, and for far longer terms, withouthe chance for probation or parole. but over the past year, louisiana has mpatd to overhaul that system. correspondent william brangham, in partnershiptz with the puer cereports now, it's the next installment in our seriesre "chasing the ," on poverty and opportunity in america.

>> brangham: haki kou walked free today forim the first te in 41 years. he was locked up decades ago, for second-degree murder and armed robbery. what are the next couple of days and weeks going to be like? >> connecting with people i hadn't seen in so long, places, people, things i haven't did, things that i took for gnted before i left this freedom. enjoy what freedom is. understand the responsibility that come with freedom. >>rangham: sekou can enjoy that freedom today only because of new laws passed last year in louisiana, and he represents just one life among thousands now being changed by the suste's criminalce reform. for decades, the state of louisiana has been the incarceration capital of america-- this in the country that incarcerates more people than anywhere on earth. but over the past year, the state has been trying to shed that reputatiobon. >> this isut as big as it gets. >> brennan: jimmy leblanc is the secretary of corrections in louisiana, and a former prison

warden. >> there's no wreas we ought to be number one in the world of locking up people. and i might say, and another reason why it don't work is that we get in the top ten in every crime category. we're locking up eveutbody we can,et, we're still in the top ten on crime stats, you know. so something's n right here. >> brangham: last year, governor john bel edwards, a democrat who ran on this issue,e oined with threpublican-controlled legislature to pass ten new reform laws. the goal? cut the state's prison population by 10% over ten years, save the state more than $260 million, and lose that onmber-one status as the nation's incarceraapital. so, one year in, how's it playing out? >> we're not number one in the world anymore. and i always have a teokency to thanhoma for that, because they're now number one. >> brangham: in the first year, louisiana's prison population fell 7%-- 20% amonnon-violent offenders. they did this through targeted releases and greater access to probation and parole. that drop saved more than $12 million, the majority of which

will go back into the system to help people stay out of jail. >> employment is a key component of them making it when they get out of here. i mean, if they don't have a , to work, the chances are they going to end up back with us. >> brangham: to help with that, the state plans to use the savings to spend more on j educatiob training and other programs inside prisons and local jail nearing the end of their sentences. that's already haptoning at the op at angola, the state's notorious 18,000-acre facility, the country's malargesmum security prison. john sheehan iins not nethe end of his sentence-- he's here for life, after being convicted in the late 1980s of killing his wife. but, he's dedicated his time to teaching inmat sesll that will help them land a job, and stay out of prison. >> you want somebody coming out of prison that can be productive in society, in out of prison and be a menace to society. >> brangham: the savings will s

also fund morervision and re-entry work being done outside prison walls. in 2013,his new orleans non-profit was founded by six formerly incarcerad men. >> he helped me when i got out. >> brangham: they want to help people just like them adju to life on the outside. ben smith spent 13 years at angola, and is now the executive director of the group. it's called "the first 72+." >> those first 72 hours upon a person's rease is the most critical time. that's going to tell whether you are going to make or break it. >> brangham: norris henderson spent 27 years at angola. >> if you don'sit have h, where are you going to be? you're going to literally be on the street, and live on the few dollars you got. they going todisappear because you got to eat. and what's ging to happen is, they're going to gravitate back to those environments that caused them to wind up in prison. >> brangham: here they give

formerly incarcerated people, known as "f.i.p.s," many whom they know personally from their own time at angola, the basics: a bed to sleep in. donated food and clothing, like a suit to wear to a job interview. >> looks good. >> brangham: ...help obtainien a driver's lse and food stamps, transportation to meetings with their parole officers-- all sthmingly simple gs that men like them struggle with after so many years behind bars. c >>e to jail when i was 17 years old. i made o mistake. never been to juvenile detention or anything like that. >> brangham: osby bryant and charles sneed were also freed this week, after more pan 40 years irison-- convicted in the 1970s of second degree murder. for them, this is where a new struggle begins, particularly in a world driven by so much

technology. >> the first thing, at the bus station, i see this little kid, about th high, couldn't have been more than four years old, with a cell phone in her hand. and she was going just as fast as, i don't know what, you know. >> i'm 61 years old, about to make 62. y he's 70-soears old. so it's like, who's going to give us a job? how're we going to get an upstart? how're we goig get some stability to our lives? >> brangham: another former inmate tryin is antonio montgomery. in june, he c year sentence for kidnapping and armedasobbery. he weleased early for good behavior. he's beeoun helping at the first 72+ since then, as well as working for ben smith at hisr fouck on the ekends. he's a graduatof the

automove program at angola, anhas been trying to find a job in that field, but it's been tough.>> he main thing you have to go through is the stigma that pele have of a person just getting out of prison. and i understand that nobody cares and-- >> brangham: they still think you're a criminal. >> right. nobody cares that you saying you nt to change. or that's you saying you want to do better or whatever. nobody cares about that. >> brangham: that same day, montgomery learned that despite being told he was well- qualified, a local car dealership wouldn't hire him because of his convictions. on is that? >> depending on the convictions, extremely common. i dealt with the same thing when i was, and not just with jobs and with housing. my first year out of prison, i was working at the oil and gas industry offshore. i made o0 ver and. and i couldn't find someone to rent me an apartment. >> brangham: daniel tapia works for risinsng foundatanother non-profit, that helps former inmates find jobs. >> every conviction is a life

sentence, you know. >> brangham: with the state's reinvetment money, organizations like the first 72+ are applying for f tding to expair work to meet the growing demand from those now being released. >> in te journey of 1,000 miles we took 200 steps, which is huge, given this state. >> brangham: norris henderson, one of the founders here, was part of the state's task force heat helped shape and pass reforms. he's heartened by what he's seen thus far, but... >> we're a long way fromeing fixed, because as we are trying to start the car and get the car running, somebody's letting the air out the tires at the same time, you know. >> brangham: one of those people, he says, is the state'sw top enforcement official, republican attorney general jeff landry, who's been a critic these changes. >> we just said, for political reasons, we're going to do criminal justice reform, and i'm going to, and it's going to be great. we got, louisiana is bad because we incarcerate too many people.

ing to fix that by just giving the key to the criminals and say, "hey, just get out of jail." >>rangham: he argues that, in a rush to lower the state's incarceration rate to save money, the state put public safety at risk, and that it should have invested up front in better training programs, screening of inmates, and post- release supervision, rather than after the release of thousands of inmates. >> good evening. statewide, they're seeing nearly a quarte wr of tho were released, re-offend. >> brangham: attorney general landry points to high-profile cases ofho inmates w, under the reforms, we released early, and then re-offended. >> there was one particular case where a man got 30t of jail. ays later, he was arrested for carnal knowledge of a juvenile. arknyou willing to say, yo what, for the sake of money, i'm willing to put my kids at risk? >> brangham: according tthe departmnt of corrections, so far, the recidivism rate of inmates released in the first year of these reformis on

track be the same as the year before. and, it argues, the state is saving money by reducing prison capacity. but landry doesn't buy it. >> whether wve got ten people in jail or 100,000 people in jail, okay. does i matter? in other words, shouldn't we be evaluating and working to ensure that people go into the criminal justice system, okay, after or as they work through their sentences, are ready to come back into the community? that's the way you address public safety. you get caught up in the fact that wegot too many. it doesn't matter. >> you know, immediate gratification is putting you in prison. that's immediate gratification. and i understand that, but that's not what thisngs about. >> bm: secretary leblanc told us he agrees it would have been better to front-load these investments, but the state didn't have the money to do it that way. he knows some inmates will re-offentid, but cs not to let those individual instances derail this broader effort. >> this .is long te give us an opportunity to make this work, because it is going

to work. >> brangham: andou feel confident that public safety is not going to suffer. >> oh, ptoublic safety is goin be enhanced. there's no question about that. we're going to improvec safety in this state, and i would guarantee that. >> brangham: next year, governor bel edwards will be up for re-election, giving voters a whetherto weigh in o the reforms are working for the state. expected to run against him. is for the pbs newshour, i'm william brangham at angola prison. dr >> wuff: as we reported earlier, lawmakers gathered in the nation capitol today to honor arizona senator john mccain. leaders from both parties spoke fondly of their colleague but few in washington were closer to him than his longtime aide, mark salter, who is also known as

mark salter, welcome. we're so sorry for your loss. >> woodruff: you were also known as his alter ego. >> yeah. >> woodruff: iouncredible oung for the senator this week, mark salter, from one end the wasn't tohe other. were you surprised by that? >> yeah, a little bit, and the family's been very moved by iet. ma an hour after his death was announced, we left sedona the roads were lined, already. there was a huge crowd at the top of the hill. people alongside of the intersta, overpazs, signs, flags, hands on their hearts, very touching. it's that way, every time the hoenix,de moved through the streets were lined with people. they stood in line to pay their spects in the state capitol in the rotunda for hours and hours in 105-degree temperatures, ande mccain children went down

th ne at 9:00 atht and there were still 1200 people in line. very moving. >woodruff: you wroe a tribute to him where you said he was a romantic about his causes and a cynic about the world. what did you mean? >> i think he saw the world as it was, he saw i wh all its corruption and cruelty, yet he was able to holdn to hope, and i think he had the capacity to believe things and the world could be made better. i think heha had because he experienced the worst and best in human nat ve intnam and it gae him a sort of resilience and tossen hold on to hope when hope is fo fools. that was really his great strength. h woodruff: there is so m written about his time in a prison in vietnam and how thatsh ed him and, in that letter that he wrote to the american people that was released, read after his death, he talked about his love of country. >> yeah. >> woodruff: explain that to

people. we all think we love this country. what did he mean by that? >> he loved it values, its founding ideals. he loved it wasn't a nation of a particular ethnicity, it was a nation built on idea and those ideals were universal and that everyone deserved to have the rightsse t ideals grant you, and that's what he meant. >> woodruff: another thing in that letter that i thinktands out, he talked about we are a great nation, but we weaken oura ess with tribalri rivales, and he went on to say we weaken it when we hide behind wal. he seems to be referring to president trump. >> i mean, the arguments about president trump and president trump's supporters aren't new, they have been around in history before. the line we don't live behind walls, we tear themown, he's

been delivering since the berlin wall came down. that's what he he believed in the power to tnsform the world, not to fear the world. we're one race, one species of living being with more in common than we have apart. woodruff: and how -- you were in close contact with himhr ghout the last year since his cancer diagnosis. >> yes. >>uff: how worried has he been? >> you know, he was concenked. i t that's clear from everything he said. but he believe we'll get past it and we'll be okay. he just knew the time was short for him. heve his life with an extraordinaryen u. he hurdled through life like no so,i -- no one i know, and, you know, he always felt he wanted to get his feral arrangements arranged, wanted to know where his papers would go,

like he approached everything else, in a grea hurry, and he wanted to say as much as he could to the american people in the te he had left, which is a little over a year from his diagnosis. when he thought his voice could be useful to be heard, he made sur we . >> woodruff: and it was reported this week that he spent time this pastear planning -- himself, planning these memorial services, in effect sending a message, sending more messages about who he was and what hd wan say to the american people. what should we read in that? because we know president trump wan't there. i wouldn't read it as a rebuke to any one person. i would read it a this, as he phrased it before, we have valprues in common, lems in common, and responsibilities to solve those proems in common, doesn't matter if you're a democrat, republican or n getar his long joke he would make of things -- (laughter)

-- but we all have the responsibility to do that. and in this country, with so many different opinions, we can only make modest progress in our problem but that's an achievement in a country of 325 million opinionated souls. >> woodruff: is that why, among other people, he has both former presidents obama ao rge w. bush delivering eulogies tomorrow? >> that was his first idea for the funeral, i want the two men who defeated me for the presidency to speak on my behalf. >> woodruff: what are you going to miss the most about him? >> his humor, i thk. he was a funny guy to be around. i'll mi v hearing hisce. ongs been in my head for a l time. i'll miss the friendship. >> woodruff: what do you think he would be saying about all these snribts. >> he would tell me to stiffen up ishat he would say to me right now, but i think he would

be very moved by it. >> woodruff: mark salter, who was a close friend ofenor john mccain, thank you very much. >> thank you, judy. >> woodruff: stay with us. coming up on the newshour: a drought in europe unearths ceturies-old secrets. and, fans pay tribute to aretha franklin with a funeralit for the queen. but first, to the analysis of shields and brooks. that's syndicated columnist mark shields, and "new york times" columnist david brooks. so, gentlemen, you just heard -- you were sitting here, mark, listening to mark salter remember his f goodend john mccain. what are you thinking right now? >> m well,n, mark salter was

more than a wordsmith or even an alter ego, he was john mccn. ey were inseparable in thought and word, and i thought he expressed it well. i mean, it's an outpouring on the part of the nation, judy, that is beyond piasidentin its admiration, its affection and sympathy. you know, i think it giveybs evy in politics, in public fe pause. i mean, what is it that this man had that allowed him toouch so many people? david and i have been lucky enough to spend our company -- our time in the company of people who run for office, mostm of w we like, and i can tell you what everyone is going through thnd right now, whether they are democrats, publicans, liberals or conservatives, is they look at this outpouring of affection and

that, is damn it, i'll never have a funeral like this. it is just remarkable. >> woodruff: and it's affection acss party lines. >> yes, it's values. what's interesting aboutin mcthough he fought in vietnam, he was a really world war ii person. he missed the '60s. for him, it was about country. i have been traveling around country recently. i find so many people areo attachedeir town or community or ethnic group, not so in the naismght but the generation, the values of john mccain, he was attached tona on and service to nation above arizona, above anything else, above the nav it really was service to nation and a sense if we're alin the same nation we at some level must all be brothers and a lif of true sacrifice for the nation. it's pointed out, he could not hcomb hr.

when they broke his arms, he could not get his arms up f the rest of his life to comb his hair. that's just a daily bit of sacrifice he did for the country as a whole. i>> cdd one thing, mo udall, the great democratic congressman and environmentalist and party leader -- or democratic leader from arizona, a friend of john mccain as a e ung member to have the house john was in my no. he didn't really know anybody in the house of representatives. mo was the committee chair, arctic national wiefltd was his project and he befriended john and included john. john never forgot it, they forged a great friendship. mo udalle contractd parkinson's in 1980, he was forced to leave the house a decade later, and he e lingered in vages of parkinson's for eight years, the

last few which he was rippled,at uncommune. i mean, that terrible disease, that terrible scourge, and on av cot inerans hospital in northeast washington, and one person, public person regularly went to visit him witht cameras, without reporters to bring with him the news of izona, to read, even though he was unresponsivebout sports, about indian-american, native american, it was john mccain. that's an incredible value. it's a wonderful tribute to him. you know, i just wanted to offer it. >> woodruff: so manytories like that about him, and he will be laid to rest this weekend. so we turn from john mccain david, tolections, the midterm elections coming in a month, there were primaries this week. surprising results in florida, in the governor's race, the man

who was the most progressive in the race andrew h gillem,pens to be african-american, surprised everybody and won that, then theer next day or night, the republican ron isdesaade comments some are interpreting as having a racist tint. are we at a point where we are just going to be dealing with this in every political discussion that we have? how do you see what happened in florida? >> well, first, the democratic party is becoming more like itself. gillem believes $15 minimum wage, medicare for all, getting rid of i.c.e., t more progressive agenda. desantis is a pure trumpian as for the comments, i don't know what's in desantis' hea or whether he was trying to invoke racial stereotypes. if you were just to spend the

normal parts our day around african-americans confronting differences you would know "articule" and "monkey" are code words. so he either has nasty tendencies in himself or j doesn't get out much, and neither is good. >> woodruff: mark. y think david is absolutel right. i think congressman desantis ran and won, i am the closest thing to donald tru you can get, except i'm donald trump with an ivyeague degree and a navy discharged, but he blessed me, which he did, donald trump made his candidacy. as far as the shorthand, there is no phrase in the english language "monkey this up." foul it up, screw it up louse it up. but monkey itis u deliberate,

conscious, and racial shorthand not only you're articulate as the mayor, in addition to that, he's a great performer. and this is -- you know, i'm glad he was called out on it. >> woodruff: which is what desantis said about -- >> about gillet vid's point about trump, i think it's absolutely pervasive. his influence in our politics is total, not simply in rublican nominations. not only in the choice of republicans where his endorsement means so much but among democrats. i mean, gillem is equent, charismatic, a great story, great record. he's a good candidate, but also calling for the impeachment of the president in addition to that progressive agenda, and that is not a disqualification. if anything, it' an endorsement in this political climate. >> one quick otherhinghat came separately, it was, david, but the president this week in a

meeting with evangelical leaders said that -- in so many words, said if democrat win these midterm elections, he said there is going to be violence, and he predicted they will move quickly and taed about antifa, this group that's been identified on thfareft. how do we read that? >> well, donald trump is a man of great subtlety and nuance -- it(laughter) a standard dem go lic trick to take your opponents and pretend they're the mainstream opponents. some have they cannen the charlottesville types and they did they're the republicans. true, there is a main stream of each party, t in a climate of hyper distrust, the willingness to believe the worst of your opponents seem to be an eas sell these days and so i'm sure it's a p tacticsident trump

will use and someone on the left will h u. >> if you're opposed to building the southern builder wall, you're for ms- flooding the country. , anything justifying the undocumented immigrant who's accused of murdering iow college student mollie tibbetts, you're indifferent to toohis ng of criminals. the argument shortly stated politically is fear and loathing. we are surround bid hostile forces wt to destroy you and i am the only one who can protect you, and unless i'm there to do so, you are in an absolutely hostile environm ant that wilack and destroy you. it's terrible politics. nothing about trust. it's very minority and it's doalition, but it'ald trump. >> woodruff: completely

dierent story this week, development, david, and that is, in the catholichuh, it's like throwing a hand grenade in. amp partnership vi sri gano sena 7,000 word letter accusing pope francis of not just covering up sexual abuse in the church but ftering a pro homosexual climate. now there are 1400 catholic women who are telling pope francis that he must come up with some kind of an answer. the question is some are saying this archbishop was aligned with conservative causes. what do weave going on here? >> it's a little recommendation of our politics. at the heart of this is theore mccarrick's alleged abuses which stretch back decades, involve 11-year-old boys, decades worth of pre-seminarians

under him. the allgations of abuse are harvey wornstein somewhere in that level, horrific. the sri gano letter is about covering it up. so it's an abuse scandal. whthers me is the waits discussed, it's not about abuse. it's areou left or right. this is not about homosexuality. id the progressive it's this guy's a loon, on the conservative side he's a gay, maia. they want to have a culture war. it's true in the commentary and it shows how this tribal us versus them mentality can take over a whole cture and dissort a debate over did what sri gano say happen really happen. that's the core of the thing. >> woodruff: just a mt ute.

endorse what david said as a catholic, i feel anger, betrayal, disgust at what's revealed about my own church's hike hierarchy and itsh to ott itself in this abuse of the children p. but david is right, this is something larger than the church and the church is in trouble, wounded, make no mistake about that. any institution,udy, church, political, that involves belief, conviction and movement falls into one of two i categories cycling converts, welcoming the stranger, we canaling and opening its doors, or it's seeking d hunting town her

heratics, which sun less you'r e completee you can't be one of us. i'm a great admirer of pope francis, but he faces an enormous responsibility now. the church is in t. he has to explain it. there is a question of -- especially with cardinal mccarrick, the archbishop of washington is involved, whatid the cardinal know, the pope know, what the when did he know it, at did they do about it, because these are grievousch ges, and we're talking about victims whose lives were permanently and profoundly and negatively changed. >> woodruff: it's a huge, huge story, ande're going to come back to it. mark shields, david brooks, thank you. >> thanks. >> woodruff: parts of europe ked in out-of-the-ordinary warm spells this summer.

but, as the newshour's julia griffin reports, while uncomfortable for some, the heat ashas revealed a te trove of long-lost historical landmarks. >>eporter: in the united sngdom and ireland this summer, prolonged heat wavt city residents in search of shade and tzcooling sp... >> it's way too ho'tand people arsed to it. >> reporter: ...and prompted dairy farmers >> ration feed. haven't seen the farm this dry ever. i think the last time we had a very dry period on the farm was 1976. >> reporter: but, while trying for some, the british isles' driest summer in 57 years has been a boon for local archeologists and history buffs. >> it is tremendously exciting. or>> reporter: in july, au anthony murphy photographed a 5,000-year-old, previous undiscovered gathering site, known as a henge, in eastern ireland. >> i simply couldn't belie what i was seeing. this was in a field of crops. s wasn't, you know, this wasn't the marks of farmer machinery in the soil or anything.

>> reporter: instead, the concentric rings of dots were crop marks-- ghostly outlines of - a civilization paserging from the moisture-starved landscape. op marks, and their related phenomena, parch marks, allowed drone operators and aerial archeologists to see thousands of years of history beneath the dry soil witho ever having to pick up a shovel. here's why they form. over time, prehistoric ditches, moats and other dug-out features fiared in by subsequent generations. today, those areas retain more water in dry spells than the easurroundinh, and lead to taller and greener grasses and crops. at the same time, thin layers of soil placed over old stone walls or building foundations cause vegetation to dry out more quickly. the result is a variety of geometric figures visible only from above. >> we've discovered hundreds of new sites this year, spanng about 6,000 years of england's history. >> reporter: damian grady is an aerial reconnaissance manager istoric england, one of the many groups chronicling the

sites for future preservation and excavation. >> these range from merely ceremonial monuments, irge age, bronzend roman farms, medieval settlements in the east of england, and also world war ii camps that we've not seen for a long te. >> reporter: among the group's older discoveries: a circular ditch associated with an iron-age settlement, known as a round. the enclosed fields and paddocks of a roman-era farm. and, an unusual triple-ditched burial mound, likely from the bronze age. but there have also been rediscoveries of more recent activity, like the long-gone barracks and sidewalks of a world war i proner of war camp in southern scotland; the foundations of tixall hall in ndstaffordshire, engwhere mary, queen of scots, was once imprisoned; and the geometric ttns of an 1850s parterre garden, etched once again on the ofgrounds awthrope hall in lancashire, england. and the rising temperatures are veing secrets across the english channel, too.

in switzerland, researchers ovannounced the diy of the c-53 "dakota" aircraft that had crash-landed on a glacier in the n bernese alps46. >> this is the forbidding scene high up in the bernese oberland, fawhere the nous "dakota" came down. >> reporte all 12 people aboard the u.s. army transport plute survived the ordeal, b for five frigid days, they lived only on melted snow antioned chocolate as they awaited rescue. newsreel footage from the time chronicled how swiss pilots used small reconnaissance planes fitted with skis to ferry the passengers to safety, two at a time. >> as for the reunions, well, they certainly were good to see. >> reporter: the event marked the first time the swiss air force used planes for a mountain rescue. since then, the "dakota" was locked away, frozen under layers of snow d ice, until this summer, when heat waves and the glacier's climate change-linked retreat revealed the wckage once again, about two miles down from the original crash site. archeologists and the swiss air force are working to retrieve the wreckage, and hope to one

ny to put its artifacts o display. for the pbs newshour, i'm julia griffin. >> woodruff: and before we go, a final send-off fit for a queen. aretha franklin was remembered in aong epic service. jeffrey brown captures some of the emotional and inspiring moments of this day. ♪ ♪ >> brown: the queen of soul, aretha fnklin, was laid to rest today in her hometown odr t with a grand celebration of her life and legacy. there was love from family, fond memories from luminaires of all kinds. >> it's the best i can do.

♪ >> brown: and, of course, music, rousing music. ♪ a tribute to one of the greates musical stars this country has ever produced. ♪ the service capped ak- wng sendoff that drew lines of fans paying their respect to th legendary singer who died of pancreatic cancer on august 16th at age 76. outside more than 100 pink cadillacs surrounded the greater grace temple where the funeral was held, setting the tone for the extravagant event that ranve more than hours. inside, presided over by bishop charles ellis, prayer, scripture -- >> somebody put your hands together and help me praise our -god. >>- and a gospel choir lcomed the chargcrowds of

friends and family. aretha franklin came from the church. her father a prominent pastor, and gospel w auld present. today leading gospel singers such as the clark sisters sa their tributes. ♪ one of today'siggest pop sts, ariana grande, took to the podium for a rendition of franklin's classic "natural woman." ♪ you make me feel ou♪ake me feel like a natural woman ♪ later, one of franklin's grandchildren spoke to andov his famous grandmother. >> y showed us god's world of love and there's nothing more norable. >> brown: one after another they came to the podium.

smok robinson, another legendary singer from detroit spoke and sang directly to his childhood friend. o>> now hi longest friend has gone home to be with our father like we all have to do one of these days, so i know you are celebrating with your family and you are going to be one of the featured voices in the chir of angels. ♪ i'll miss you my friend i know that my love for you will never end ♪ will never end ♪ ♪ and i'm going to love you forever ♪ >> brown: former president bill clinton spoke of hisem earliesties of aretha franklin and her music. >> started out not as the president, the first lady, the

senator or secretary of state, we started out as, like, aretha groupies or something. she lived with faith, not without failure, but overcoming her failures. she lived with power, not without weakness but overcoming her weaknesses. i just loved her. >> brown: 93-year-old actress cicely tyson took the stage aok of the emotion franklin's voice evoked. >> she spoke to us through her soul, and that's why, noatter what she was singing, she moved every single person. >>rown: and throughout the afternoon, the music continued. chaka khan brought the church to s feet with the gospel song "going up yonder."

♪ going on to -- ♪ yonder ♪ yonder ♪ going up yonder >> brown: n a grand finale, stevie wonder rounded out the service. ♪ ♪ >> brown: aretha franklin, a musical titan and american icon who touched millions of us given a rousing tribute overflowing withtude. he will be buried in detroit's woodlawn cemetery, sam resting place as her late family members and rosa parks. r the pbs "newshour", i'm jeffrey brown. ng>> woodruff: a fit farewell for the one and only. >> woodruff: saying farewell to the one and only. and next week, we will broadcast the confirmation hearing for

supr kavanaugh.minee brett the hearing begins tuesday september 4 at 9:30 a.m. eck your local pbs station for broadcast details. we will also be streaming it at www.pbs.org/newshour. that's the newshour for tonight. i'm judy woodruff. have a great weekend. thank you and see you soon. >> major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by: >> kevin. >> kevin! >> kevin? >> advice for life. life well-planned. learn more at raymondjames.com. >> babbel. a language program that teaches real-life conversations in a new language, like spanish, french, german, italian, and more. >> consumer cellular. >> supporting social entrepreneurs and their ons to the world's most pressing problems-- skollfoundation.org.

>> the william and flora hlett foundation. for more than 50 years, advancing ideas and supporting ions to promote a better world. at www.hewlett.org. >> and with the ongoing support of these institutions and friends of the newshour. and individuals. >> this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting. nsand by contributo your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. captioning sponsored by newshour productions, llc ptioned by media access group at wgbh access.wgbh.org

♪ -next, a "kqed newsroom" special on local business leaders changing the way we live, work, and connect with our communities.nt -we ut to build a resource that connected neighbors to the information that was most relevant to them. -a co-founder tass about helping neighb tear down walls online. alsos an executive at reddit about the challengesci the popular online forum. -what we have tried to focus on is what is the core that makes reddit powerful? and it's that conversation. -plus, we hear how one startup is winning over consumersan by ditching d labels. -millennials don't want to buy the products they grew up with, because those brands were "trust marks," and they lost trust. -and a ceo's mission to reke the food industry reen. -it's very personal, and it's very high-impact. we need to do something about our broken food system. -hello. i'm thuy vu.