captioning sponsored by wnet >> on this edition for sunday, october 21: red ate medicaid: voters in the cornhuskertate weigh the pros and cons of expansion. world war ii's "me too" generation. and in our signature segment: mastic music from natures amphitheater. ♪ ♪ next on "pbs newshour weend." >> pbs newshour weekend is made possible by: bernard and irene schwartz. sue and edgar wachenheim iii. seton melvin.nd the cherylhilip milstein family. dr. p. roy vagelos and diana t. vagelos. the j.p.b. foundation. rosalind p. walter. barbara hope zuckerberg. corporate funding is provided by mutual of america-- designing customed individual and group retirement products. that's why we're your retirement company.

additional support has been provided by: and by the corporation for public broadcasting, and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. from the tisch wnet studios at lincoln center in new york, hari sreenivasan. >> sreenivasan: good evening and thank you for joining us. president trump is ausing russia of violating a cold war era nuclear arms treaty and threatening to pull out of the 31-year-old agreement ahead of talks with the kremlin this week. >> russia has not, unfortunately, honored theag ement, so we're going to terminate the agreement. we're gointo pull out. >> sreenivasan: the "intermediate-range nuclear forces treaty" signed in 1987 by pres mikhail gorbachev of the former soviet union bars the two countries from possessing, producing or teschng ground la cruise missiles with a range of up to 3400 miles.

nirussia's deputy foreign er sergey ryabkov called the u.s. pulling out of the treaty, "a very dangerous step." white house national security advisor john bolton is scheduled to m minister sergei lavrov and president vladimir putin in russia starting tomoow. saudi arabia's foreign minister admitted today that the killing in journalist jamal khashoggi at the saudi consulatstanbul was a "huge and grave mistake." speaking on fox news this morning, foreign minister adel al-jubeir said the killing was a "rogue operation" and that the saudis do not know the location of khashoggi's body. in washington, republican and democratic members of congrccs areing saudi arabia's crown prince, mohammad bin salman, of directing the operation. yesterday, president trump said he plans to speak to the crown prince very soon. caravan of central american migrants heading for the u.s.- mexico border grew to about 5,00people overnight. moving north into mexico today from the guatemalan border,

thousands walked towards the m texicn of tapachula in a line stretching almost a mile. mexico is allowing some migrants to enter legally, but many crossed into the country illegally swimming or using rafts to cross a border river. rebels killed 15 civilians and abducted a dozen children at the epicenter of new ebola oubreak in the democratic republic of the congo. as we reported in our signature story yesterday, the fighting is preventing medical workers from treating and vaccinating people in the city of beni. the conflict between the rebels and the cgolese army forced aid workers to suspend ebola containment efforts last month. since then, the rate ofew ebola cases has more than doubled in the region. 100,000 florida panhandle residents are still making dund with s, flashlights, and generators in the aftermath of hurricane michael. gulf power which serves several countiayes in the regionthat more than 7,000 utility workers from 15 states are working to restore power. and in north carolina, fema

disastviervor assistance teams are continuing to make personisal vits to many towns where homes were damaged and destroyed during hurne florenntce last h. >> sreenivasan: as election day nears, much attention has gone to high profile senate and coressional races. but across the country, voters are also weighmeg in on ballot ures that can bring big changes to their states. as "newsmhour" reported f idaho last week, one of the hot button issues for voters is health cetare and r or not to expand medicaid, the joint federal and state healthcare program for low-income americans. the state of nebraska is another of just a few red states with medpaicaid ion on the ballot and soon voters in the cornhusker state will see if they can do what their elected of.icials have been unable >> hi spencer, my name is mary. i'm calling on behalf of insure the good life.

>> sreenivasan: at a makeshift campaign office in omaha, about a dozen volunteers are maki calls in support of initiative 427, a ballot measure to expand medicaid in nebraska. the group, insure the good life, is behind the expansion effort that would provide health insurance to an estimated 90,000 uninsured nebraskans. those who make too little to get federal subsidies under the obama-era affordable care act, or a.c.a. >> we're very excited about the initiate and what it can do to help those people that are caught in the coverage gap. >> sreenivasan: about ten miles away it's a similar scene, but the message is very different. >> we would strongly encourage you to vote "no" on ballot initiative 427. >> sreenivasan: the nebraska chapter of the conservative political group, americans for prospety, or a.f.p., has gathered about two dozen volunteers to encourage voters to reject the ballot measure.>> and their not telling the public what the whole cost of it is and all. >> sreenivasan: nebraska is one of three red states, along with idaho, and utah, where ballot measures are attempting to do

what republican leadee not: expand medicaid under the a.c.a. in nebraska, initiative 427 expands medicaid to cover adults who make less than 138% of the federal poverty line, abo $17,000 for a single person, and about $35,000 for a family of four. under the healthcare law, the federal government would cover 90% of the cost, but nebraska would have to pay f the remaining 10%, estimated to be about $125 million in the first three years. >> when you rlly truly start look at the numbers, you realize that there's no way we can afford it. >> sreenivasan: jessica shelburn is the state director for a.f.p. nebraska. >> medicaid was intended for the most vulnerable in our society, so the elderly, disabled, low- income children, low-income pregnant women. by expanding medicaid, we are risking the resources that we have avlable for those dividuals, because we're going to have to cover potentially 90,000 or re able-bodied working adults.

>> sreenas: shelburn represented the vote no position in a debate this week organized by a business group in the state's capital, lincoln. >> this is something that as it grows, and we see more , dividuals enrolling on medicaid expansie state just can't afford. >> sreenivasan: her opponent was state send,ator adam morf democrat who represents part of lincoln.in >> so, i the better question is: how can we afford not to do this? >> sreenivasan: morfeld has introduced two bills to expand medicaid. in fact, there have been six attempts to expand the program in six years. all of them failed to passhe legislature or get the support of nebraska's republican governors. >> i think that when it comes to affordable healthcare, our constituents and nebraskans will be eminently more reasonable than our elected officials. >> sreevan: morfeld says expanding medicaid would not require new taxes. as evidence, he points to a new study by university ofchebraska reseers funded by the state hospital association. itound medicaid expansion

would create nearly 11,000 jobs and generate enough state and local tax revenue to pay for itself. critics dispute that would be the case. and either way, if nebraska voters approve initiative 427, the legisl lature will sted to appropriate money for the state's share of the costs. >> it brings in $1.3 billion in taxpayer funds over the course of three years that nebraskansre are y paying into the federal government. but that's going to other states. >> sreenivasan: like many debates around the a.c.a., the initia stirs up strong feelings. >> you're taking it away from the most needy people to give it to people that need to get a damn job and work. >> sreenivasan: memicrs of the puestified about the ballot measure at a state hearing this week in lincoln e >> i am a gomple of what not having access to healthcare can lead to. sreenivasan: amanda gershon didn't have health insurance for most of her adult life, including wh disorder flared up in 2013.

>> i had been a general manager of a restaurant putting in a lot of hours and started getting incredib sick. >> sreenivasan: gershon says she paidash to see her doctor wh she could, and went to free clinics. but getting treatment for her chronic illness without insurance was diffult. >> between 2013 and the beginning-- up to the beginning of 2016, i just got sicker and sicker, and honestly no one thought it was going to make it at that point. ply for disability and was blessed to get that. but that's the only way i could have gotten health care at that point. >> sreenivasan: when she became unable teco work andved federal disability benefits, gershon qualified for medicaid in nebraska. she underwent surgery and got medication to manage her illness. but the 36-year old says she wishes she could still be working. >> i really believe if i could have had h probably would have never ended up on disability. >> sdrreenivasankristine mcvea is the chief medical officer for oneworld community

health centers in omaha. it sees over 40,000 patients a -- about half of them ar uninsured. mcvea says clinics like hers fewer resources than tho in the 33 states and washington d.c., where medicaid has expanded, including neighboring ia. so i feel like nebraska is really falling behind. looking at iowa just acrosthe ver from us, they have the ability to provide services to paaltients whointo this gap in a much better way than we do. >> sreenivasan: advocates forti init 427 also say expanding medicaid will mean more federal and state dollars idto support healthcare prs in nebraska, including hospitals and community clinics like oneworld >> at best, it is a band-aid to fix the problem. medicaid was not designed to be a program that would help shore up our hospitals, whether it be in rural urban areas. >> the great thing about laws is they change to address changing circumstances. nsd currently there are

nebrashat are suffering, and in many cases dying, because they lack affordable healthcare. >> sreenivasan: if nebraska voters approve initiative 427, medicaid could be fully implemented in the state by the beginning of 2020. scientists are increasingly using genome sequencing to address health issues in infants. learn more at pbg/newshour. america's most dramatic landscapes have long beetiused for recr, contemplation, and backdrops for films and television shows. but for the past 26 yen s, one utah ts hosted fans from around the world for something else: truly unique musical performances in a mostio surprising loc "newshour weekend"'s christopher booker has more. >> reporter: the hike to the middle earth waterfall just outside of moab, utah is part- ambo, part balancing act- half an hour spent ducking under branches and sliding alongside carved rock faces. but the challenge is worth it.

the deination: a dead end of polished red rock, that is nothing short of spectacul. for years, moab's ethereal desert landscape has served as a bahollywood ckdrop and playground for outdoor enthusiasts. but today, the walls of stone will serve as one of the most breathtaking amphitheaters in the world. ♪ ♪ >> one of the most important things fome is the silence. >> reporter: michael barett is co-founder and music director of the moab music festival. >>u get far out into the wilderness, you have a kind of silence that we just never get to experience in our modern lives. ♪ ♪ and to have music come out of silence and to break the silence is. it's enough to make you weep.

>>eporter: for the past 26 years, the moab music festival rehas been using utah's la rock formations as a stage for h,music from brahms, bnd today, chinese-american composer s ight sheng. >> the first onelled "four seasons." ♪ ♪ >> reporter: performed by celloist clancy newman, bright sheng's composition "seven tunes heard in china" was originally written for cello virtuoso yo yo ma in 1995. it originates, sheng says, from his teenage years spent in the sweeping plains of tibet, during mao tse tung's cultura revolution. >> when i was in tibet, i could never imagine this day. it reminded me of my youth. it's fantastic.

and many of my compositions were inspired by the folk music and thronment of the open air ivironment and when i hear it every time, whs performed right, my heart pumps. ♪ ♪ >> reporter: the night before, g's hot pepper for violin and marimba kicked-off opening night at moab's star hall, a tiny performance space in downwn moab. ♪ part of the thematic bookends of this year's stival, the program called "new americans," was a night dedicated to composers, who like sheng, had immigrated to the uned states and become american citizens. g >> it's look their music, how they've interpreted their own american experience, what their mical voices are. have they taken from their home countries? and somehow integrated that into their american lives? ♪ ♪ >> reporter: this year's theme

vividly reflects what's going on around the country. the day before the festival's opening, the "moab times- independent" newsper ran two stories on its front page. above the masthead, a story about the moab music festival's ce"bration of "new american and below, a story about local panic following recent ice arrests of undocumented immigrants. coming back to the development s of this year's theme, ere any worry about getting political? >i have to be careful about t bhaause it's easy to let your own political convictions kind of overwhelm the program. but when we play chamber music, we talk about it as having a conversation-- conversation with the audienceconversation sician to musician. lot of people are really dug in right now. and i think we need more grey area in our belief system right now and more tolerance. ♪ ♪ >> reporter: do you feel like you're part of a broader conversation that's taking place within america?

and if so, how do you think music contributes to that conversation? >> as you see for tonight's opening concerts, there are composersrom very different backgrounds, and some of them are migrants like me. and-- so we-- i think it's part of this great texture that makes the fabric of american art and american culture unique and distinctive, and i'm ver to be part of it. ♪ ♪ >> rorter: but in locations like middle earth, the landscape, the sky, all of the elements of moab's wonder create something far more than a conversatio something moab music festival artistic-director and viola player leslie tomkins says can be difcult to explain. >> even in photographs-- in video just-- you miss one entire dimension of it, which is hard to describe, but that makes it

such a ce omplperience to be surrounded by this other-worldly landscape. ♪ ♪ >> it's like a-- a spiritual home thamusic can live in, and then when it bomes expressed, when it gets off the page and a musician brings it to le, acoustically it's-- i don't know, it's extraordinary. ♪ ♪ >> what is the arts in society? what's the function of arts?ar has to touch the audience, to touch the people maybe not the entire time, but a certain moment of your composition. there are moments that the audience should bmoved-- ideally moved to tears-- but if

not tears, but they moved. and if that made them forget about their existence even for a few seconds, then you succeeded. >> so that's the beauty of being able to examine aspects of life and living together, is that we agr on these things, on the beauty of music, and how to create it, and how to express it, and how to share it with our community. ♪ ♪ ( applause ) >> sreenivasan: this era of "me too," survivors of sexual assault have been coming forward with their personal stories, sometimes from decadesgo. this week, p.o.v. premieres the documentary, "the apology." it follows the journey of the former "comfort women," who,

seventy years ago, were forced into sexual slavery during world war ii. decades after living in silee, they too came forward years ago, sparking a "me too" movement of their generation. tiffany hsiung is director of the p.o.v. documentary, "the apology." the apology, she joins us now, with the idea of comfort women, this is a euphemism, these are sex slaves, let's be up front about that. what happened to most of them? how many were there? >> over 200,000 young women and girls we kidnapped and coerced into these military sexual slavery system. it was an institutionalized system that was really at the end of the day protecting the soldiers fm contracting venner yal diseases. so doctors an nurses were heought in not to protect women but to actually protect the soldiers so they can coinue to fighter. >> sreenivasan: you have the ability to look into the lives of three very different womente wh you very different store hes. theraris a chinese acter in your fim, what happened to her?

>> she had such a horrorristic story, sot only w taken from her village two miles from her home but got iregnated twice while she was taken. and during those pregnancies she actually aborted the babies herself. because she knew that sdn co bring the children that soey would give birth dak to her village. hat happened to her twice while she was at the station. and by the time she had returned back home she s unable to conceive a child ever again. >> sreenivasan: and you are able to document t conversations happening with her family. >> while we were making the film it was to my surprise that her adopted children, her daughter, that she lives very close to didn't know anything about this. and so rl the point of making the apology was to understand te complexities of even telling the horrific storithe people closest to you, to the people that you love. and i think for today, we to understand these complexities, to understand why it takes so long to have that

courage to be able to share thories publicly. >> sreenivasane's a well from the philippines that you profile. she's carrying the guilt of all this for not revealing this to her now dead husband.un >> she waitel her husband passed away, for all her children to leave her nest. for her to even join a group of survivors. you know, she was always scared that this would break her family. out of all the three grandmothers that we fimmed she was one that was able t get married, to birth her own children, to have this family. and so in manways you can think that she had so much to leuses if she had come out whi her husband was alive, while her children were still living with her. >> -- so that weight of yo, u kname and stigma on her

shoulder carried over and over t and over aese years until she was 08 years old. and when she reveal stod me that she, you kno she wanted to one day, her wish was to one day tell her children. sreenivasan: where does the film go from here now that 2 is being screened on pbs. has been running for a couple of years, screenings around the country wa, do hopeh it? >> i'm hoping with the rise of the metoo movement and time's up movement that we as a collective community and global community can see that we can't ignore past issues and past atrocities. that if we just let this go if we don't address this that, you know, it just shows, you know, how women are viewed in society still today. and that's why if we can't t recognizs, it will repeat itself. the grandmother he fight today not just for the justice they are seeking but also for the next generation some eally it is our collective responsibility to united together to fate with them.

>> this is "pbs newshour weekend,sunday. >> sreenivasan: i'm speaking with tiffany hsiung, director of the apology. there is a place hhere theye weekly demonstrations outside the japanese embassy about this. there is actually a statue could mem rating this. let's take a look at a-- commemorating this. let's lookt a clip. >>

>> sreenivasan: when you look across that sea of protestors, that's not what you expect the young rabel rousers to be. these are actual grandmas that s havived this and they are coming on a weekly basis to keep pressing this issue. >> every wednesday rain or shine since 1992 they have been demonstrating outside the japaneseulmbassy in s, korea. and to see that footage again, i mean t was such aer pul day but when we were talking to grandma gill prior to the demonstration i asked her how she felt. and she said sadness. sadness that back then when we film that it was a 1,000, like why has it taken 1 thousandth demonstration an we're stilgo&ng on.

and it's ilstl happening today. we're still demonstrating. >> sreenivasan: and nally tonight, the streets of madrid filled with sheep today. wearing their bells and guided s byep-herders, the animals are on their way to their winter pastures in southern spain. the annual event honors the sheep farmers' right to usat ancient migrn rout es. ( bells ) that's all for this edition of "pbs newshour weekend." i'm hari sreenivasan. thanks for watching. have a good night. captioning sponsored by wnet captioned by media access group at wgbh access.wgbh.org >> pbs newshour weekend is made possible by: bernard and irene schwartz. sue and edgar wachenheim iii.

seton melvin. mihe cheryl and philip milstein . dr. p. roy vagelos and diana t. vagelos. the j.p.b. foundation. rosalind p. walter. fuarbara hope zuckerberg. corporating is provided by mutual of america-- designing customized individual and group retirement products. 's why we're your retirement company. additional support has been provided by: and by the corporation for public broadcasting, a by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. be mor pbs.

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