tonight on kqed newsroom, a eakthrough in the longest government utdown in history. a presidential race gets a candidate from california.we l have a round of top political developments. criminal justice reform in california. it will now be in the hands of voters. one year since rcreational pot sales started in the golden state. why the largest cannabis market still has a long way to go. hello andeome to kqed newsroom. we begin with a compromise, at last, for the partial governmenn shutd earlier today, president trump agreed to end the longest government shutdown i u.s. history. >> over the next 21 days, i expect that democrats and republicans will operate in good

nith. this isopportunity for all parties to work togetheror the benefit of our whole, beautiful, wonderful nation. >> the deal would reopen the federal government for three weeks giving lawmakers time to votern bor security. the five-week long shutdown furloughed 800,000 federal employees and forced them to work without pay. pressure was on president trump and mitch mcconnell to end the shutdown. joining me now to discussll of this are president of democracy and color and founder of shehe people, amy allison. karla and gop political consultant. welcome to you all. >> thank you. >> this was a bit of a surprise today, right? the announcement ending the shutdown ppened, it was remarkable, given he saidu he

n't cave in as recently as yesterday and now he backed now wio explanation. why do you think he did it? >> t president got schooled, is what happened. he found out from the mother of five and grandmother of nine, nancy pelosi that making a deal on capitol hill is not the same as making a deal in his reality show, with his reality show cast. this is a skill set he does not have and she body slammed him this week. not just on the shutdown deal, going back to the state of the union, wre he insisted he was going to give it and she said, you know, talk to the hand. i'm in charge here. whenere's no clear date on he will give the state of the union address. >> we are going to come up with an agreeable date. she said today, it's for people alo work. the fede workers are the main issue here.

800,000 of them. trump came away with nothing this week, a shutdown that cost $1.3 billion a day, 3 days. we come back to the deal he turned down ithe beginning. >> we had a president who really acted like he was king with uncheckedower. now, he's facing a very skilled politician who has a support of a unified party and she really knows the turf. she's been in pitics a lon time. he's floundering around. he, for the past couple years has been pulling people into a mud slinging, name lling type of governance, if you can call it that. it's a new day. it feels good. >> you have been so quiet. that's with theroger stone indictment that happened today. >> i think the things happened. poll numbers came down and they

are , even with some in his base. two, no one noticed much of a shutdownnt he heard news of employees bein. impact today, air traffic controllers flying.nes aren't it's the first time the public woke up and said, hey, this has broad term impacts. asd, karla no this is the same deal he had before the christmae . he's back in the same place three weeks from now. quite fnkly, i surprised he didn't say he is going to use his executive power a fund it out of his authority. >> on that note, wh are the chances he will get any kind of border wall deal within the next three weeks? >> he won't. he's going to get no de. he may try to come up with comprehensive immigration reform. you made a point and you are right. he democrats are feeling

strong. the way pelosi schooled trump unified most of the people in her democratic caucus. she owns that room. now, you are going to get not just fights on immigration issues, the keep coming fast and furious. that's going to be coming up in co. >> when you have border security, the democrats aren't going to . they want to be -- >> not necessarily a wall. may do drones, high-tech border security. >>hey have made itclear, they are not for open borders. they want more border security. you may see more money on that. that's where sides can claim victory here. you are right, she has all the strength behind her. >> how do you think nancy pelosi, if she's inclined, what type of deal will sheut so

both sides get a little bit of something. >> focus on the democratic party. i want to take a moment to remind nancy pelosi supporters, she was skillful in checking the president and refusing to make a dea that was badfor the country. but, she needs to keep of her party happy. here in californiaand across the country, wins on the wing of immigration reform. on the heels of inhumane treatment migrants and the same policy that is were happening on the border, giving i.c.e. expanded power and human rights abuses without dae passage o is not going to fly with the base of the t part. ey are cracking down on the border today. we had a situation where they are making asyum seekers stay in mexico, waiting for ces to

be adjudicated. >> we have a lot ofav -- we to tell the truth to ourself as the democratic party needs to be a real alternative to what the republi ons areering the last couple years in terms of immigration. that's going to be the point at which nancy pelosi, leader of the party to hold the coaliti together. have got to not fold when it comes to things that aret importto the base. >> they all supported the act o, 20hich provided almost $2 billion in funding for fences and secure borders. there's supposed to be a second fce. they didn't fund that. they are all on thehook. there are half a million people undocumented that come into the country a year. t they ha address that issue. i will tell you, it's not going esto be dr and blimps. they have to do some sort of barrier at actually works. the issue with regards to, we

are all giving nancy pelosi kudos for tooling the president, butshe's only better than the guy or gal who is her opponent. the republicans stood on the sidelines saying this. mcconnell doesn't want to get involved. the president is in the suit, go he's to get out of the suit. >> they don't come through the wall. they come through airports. the problem with illegal drugs, they come through theorts of entry. this is where trump has a problem. this is where the democrats have the high road at this point. we'll see how that works out. this issue of border securi going to be an issue. i think we are going tsome kind of deals made. >> february 15th is the deadline to watch. let's move on to harris. she s announc is running for president. she is joining a crowd that is crowded and diverse. what does she need to do to stand out from the >> first of all, it was, you

know, millions and millions of women of color were cheering when she centered the race because there hasn't been, in modern timeot since many, many years, 47 years ago, where another black woman had run credibly for president in thisc ntry. she's already making history and coming from california, founderstanding where caia is on the calendar, those of us who live inre california going to start voting february 2nd, in 11 months. it's incredible, you know, her coming in. what it real means is that the way she is standing with the pack is a by new playbook going straight for the core of the base. if thereas a lesson the democrats needed to learn in 2018 in the midterms, that is the base of thety pa the strongest democrats are black women. if you do not win black women, no one, not one of those he candidates in field, even if it's a crowded field will be the party's nominee.

what does harris do? she announces on mlk's birthday. she gave a speech in front of or giving a speech in front ofe aka's, one of the major black ser orties. she went to howard. she's part of that network. she's embracing the congresswoman who ran 47 ye ago. what this means is because she understands the voters she needs to convince and has quickly reaching them d that network, that's going to be the x-factor. >> she's facing criticism, ght? what some liberals view as her tough ont crime prose record that in many ways disproportionately affects low income people. what are the things harris did that they are findingem proic? >> it helps her in the states that are early on to have her background. she was liberal enough when she

was d.a., not chargingcop killers with the death penalty. her problem is going to be inexperience. i have been in the snow fields insh new hare in the wintertime. i have been in the iowa corn fields. it is tough. it requires a unique kind of character. when you have20 or now 30 democrats, the mayor of south end, indiana, running against you, how you distinguish yourself? obama was a different character. he came out when democrats supported the ulf war, was the anti person. he came out against that. it took awhile to convince the african-americans he could win. it was hillary head-to-head with obama. she can raise a lot of money, but does she stand out? >>she's a great communicator and has a very, very sharp tean in francisco. she's rolling out in oakland, a city with lotf black

history. >> she'll be in oaklan monday. >> exactly. er role as prosecutor, interesting. it could cause problems on the left, but it could help her knave gaher navigate issues. >> she's untested. >> i just want talk about an untested person that's currently in the white house. after trump, nobody gets to say anything about. experien this woman is a sitting senator and has a good chance as any. >> we'l leave it there. thank you all. we turn now to criminal justice reform. jerry brown signed a bi for criminal defendants. it's viewed as discriminatory, keeping low income people behind bars because they can't afford to pay. it's been challenged by a 2020 ballot measure that seeks to overturn it.

gavin newsomeas more. >> hello. >> let's start with bail reform. the new law to base a person's release on risk, not ability to pay. 's facing a challenge at the ballot box. what are the arguments against this law and why is it creating this process? >> i think there's two buckets. he the bail industry, which obviously opposes the law because thewa don't to lose their business. there's insurance companies that back thos bonds. i think both sides put a lot of money into is referendum with the effect to put this on hold for another year. there's civil rights groups tart concerned it gives too much power to judges.

biases sneak into the system. others who wlked away from the table and opposed sb-10 are not thrilled the bail industry are using their words to run the referendum. >> the aclu and bill i the same tent. >> they are not, really. we are going to see over the course of the campaign over the lext year and a the cracks will emerge quickly. i don't know that you are going to seethe civil rights groups line up. >> what are your concerns about determining who gets ail? the new law does provide for that. >> yeah, so, the way the new law will work, it's going to shift away from your ability t pay, in order to be released, pretrial, toitisk. is a much more sensible approach. the way it will work, when somebody ge arrested, they come through the door. they will be aessed by either

pretrial services, entity or a sheriff's department or probation department. they are put in thr categories, low risk, medium risk and high risk. the low risk should re ased right away. medium risk will be a question mark. it's going to be one of the problems with the law. there's no unoformity right you are going to have 58 counties implementing then law 58 different ways. so, forexample, you will have a lot of people who are detained in one county and't wouldn be in another. >> theiay it be rolled out. >> yeah. >> the other problem thatcr ics use, these pretrial assessments are only as good as the data they have. we know the authors of legislation come back. they have introduced the bill aroundollecting data as a way to sort of measure whether that data is fairly balanced. you know, i think what they would say is we have two years to work on this.

let's address the challenges and make it work. >> it's been going on for a lo time despite the aclu stepping away, saying we don't spport this version of the bill. isn't having some movement on b thister than no movement at all? >> in my opinion, getting rid of the cash bill is the thing. it's unfair. therelease decision is based on one's ability to pay. that has been the main critique for 100 years. the cash bail system started in san francisco, two bartenders on market street started g underwritireleases for their clients, their lawyer clients. >> ii't know them. >> yeah. >> yeah, soth i k, you know, this is something that the aclu and folks who opposed it were worried about it. people whotayed on di see the political moment. it's not clear if they waitedis until tear and done it

gain, if they would have gotten itrough. >> move on to juvenile justice. governor newsome working to move it away from correctionals systnd under the control of health and human services. what is t governor hoping to accomplish by doing this? >> if you move it into a place based on social services and hrough a lens of not criminal justice or corrections, maybe you will serve these kids atter. i think there lot of details we are waiting to hear. all he said s far is we are going to move it. i think there's questions about what that means and whether it will change anything or basically a shuffling on the deck. >> you have been working onil juv justice reform for 30 years. what do you think of the governor's plan? o >> first all, i applaud governor newsome. when is the last time a governor iok thissue on? the problem is, historically,

what governors ha done when faced with problems in the youth correction system, they take the existing institutions and move them someplace else under the belief that's going to change things. the last time was 2005 when governor arnold schwarzenegger did it. now, here we are in 2019. we have had t same problems manifesting themselves. that?y is f you take something away from the correctional department, different staff, different culture, perhaps, or not really? >> that's the problem. take the existing institutions withexheting staff and move them to another entity with, essentially, an administrative umbrella. you have the same staff. you have the same nlture. it' just the culture with the staff, but the kids there. theseleare vi institutions. a lot of kids come from urban centers, divide into gangs.

you have aga thegs that exist on the street, exist within thenstitutions. >> what should be done here, dan? >> my belief is the so we are at a point now. we have enough institutional space now, at the county level. counties in the last5 years have built new detention centers, high security institutions. >> they are at full capacity. >> most of them are at a third of capacity. they could absorb the population. a juvenile hall with capacity of 367 with 94 kids in it today. 24 in the other. >> jt quickly, 50 seconds, what you are saying is maybe take all out this of the hands of the state all together and in the hands of the county. >> this ised recomme by the i hooverstitution. make sure the counties are held to accountability.

>> the governor created this position, surgeon general, first time ever. he named aediatrician from san francisco. how might that have an impact on juvenile justice? >> this appointment of her who research is around childhood trauma and accountability and their ability to thrive. to have someone like her in a position like that anding her around with the cjj announcement, he may be looking at it more creatively and openh togs dan is talking about. everyone thinking surgeon general, you are thinking smoking and health an health care. >> she has an interesting lens. he's folding her into the discussion. we mightth see sog more creative >> thank you so much. >> my pleasure. now, to california's cannabis industry.

legalizing recreational marijuana statewide was supposed aken the black market. one year after the launch of recreational sales, those promises seem far from reality. half a billion dollaha less a year before when medical marijuana was legal. meanwhile, the state released the final set of rules for the cannabis delivery. they include pot delivery to consumers 21 and older. joining me now to talk about this is david, california cannabis bureau chief for weekly.com. >> thanks for having me here. was the estimate less than what was projected? what does that say about l ornia's efforts to reduce the number of people buying pot illegally? >> it's going to takeim three quarters of california

does not allowhysical cannabis stores. consumers can't go in andpend thei money. we had the industry contract a medical dispensers became illegals. dispensari maine didn't make a dollar. nevada started before us but we ellipsed their earnings because we are sbig. >> proponents said small producers wouldn't be edged out. has that come true? >> n at all. cannabis has run into larger forces where you need millio and millions of dollars to open up these stores. that's back to licensing. you know how hards it to run a lemonade stand. the cities and theate is beginning to look at ways to make it easier for small

businesses, but they face a broader realy in the economy. >> what are things you are looking at? >> cies like san francisco and oakland create equity programs and licenses for small andmi ority owned businesses. the programs have gone statewide this year. >> thi is to help people who are disproportionately affected during the war ona drugs. >> s right. a lot of them bore the burden of the drug war. a lot of consumers believe they should have access to the leg market. that's starting to occur and starting aal nationversation around how to get more legacy actors in the legalindustry. >> california has a huge surplus of cannabis. the food and agriculture estimates california listed 15 million pounds of cannabis, consumed more. much of that is smuggled eastward. when the surplus is that big, is

it possible to tame the black market? >> overtime, definitely. the prices and legal market are collapsing. they are down from $5,000 in the '90s per pound down to $1,000 now. with the profits going down, so is the motive to grow it illegally and ship it as more and more states legalize it, the black market goes away. >> ishere a tipping point or catalyst to get us to that point where the legal market overtakes the black market for cannabis? >> it's already happened. farmers say they have lost their shirt in the black market. they have having trouble this year with prices as l as they are. there's legislation pending in washington, d.c. it may end prohibition as we know it in america. that promises to accessth rate price decline and the motive to

grow it illegally. >> the stateinized operating under temporary emergency ones. one of the final rules, the more controversial ones marijuana deliveries to cities and counties, even tho that banned pot businesses. how will this affect the industry and is it likely to face legal challenges? >> it could. there'sf opponents statewide delivery including police and cities who olnt to con what happens. if you want to undercut it, prsvide acc to californians, especially 75% that are in ban towns. the final rules code the reality, thest ewide deliverers can deliver in the state and county in the state. the regulated delivery is not at n, the black market will be one. you can go on instagram and craigslist and order up

cannabis. consumers need aetter option. >> now that we have legalization, what is the cannabis trend for 2019? >> we are going to see a variety of smaller, lower dose products come out. the cannabis flower buds people are familiar with, the dry one that people roll into joints are the most popular. we are seeing edibles, one, two, three, four of thc. you c have an effect like one beer, where it might not affect you at all and you need one, two or three doses to notice that. we are seeing more specification intes of the specs you are getting. you are controlling how strohe effects are, people are dialling in, just pain relief or eing inflammation and s cannabis products that decrease appetite instead of stimulate it. >> very interesting, david downs.

cannabis bureau chief, nice have you here. >> thanks for having me. that will do it for us. you can find more at kqed.org/newsroom. thank you for joining us.

captioning sponsored by wnet >> sreenivasan: on this edition for sunday, january 27: government employees are heading back to work while the deadlock for funding wall continues. the ebola outbreak in the democratic republic of congo worsens, making it one of the deadliest in the country's history. and in our signature segment: hthe battle to protect so africa's wild coast from a proposed mine. next on pbs newshour weekend. >> pbs newshour weekend is made possible by: bernard and irene schwartz. sue and edgar wachenheim iii. seton melvin. the cheryl and philip milstein family. dr. p. roy vagelos and diana t. vagelos. the j.p.b. foundation. rosalind p. walter. barbara hope zuckerberg.