captioning sponsored by newshour productions, llc >> woodruff: good evening. i'm judy woodruff. on the newshour tonight: a dozen senate republicans break with the presint, voting to overturn mr. trump's declaration of a national emergency at the southern border. then, how indictments in the case of coege admissions fraud expose disparities along race and family income lines at ite universities. plus, a business school that's free, aimed to help low-income people start a company without a loan. >> you have to borrow things and barter. you need to use your energy. but we haven't found a business thatn't yet find a way to start for free. >> woodruff: all that and more, on tonight's pbs newshour.

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a language program that teaches spanish, french, german, italian, and more. >> and by the alfred p. sloan foundation. supporting science, technology, and improved economicnc perforand financial literacy in the 21st century. >> carnegie corporation of new york. supporting innovations education, democratic engagement, and the advancement of international peace and curity. at carnegie.org. >> and with the ongoing support of these institution and individuals.>> his program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting. and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. >> woodruff: president trump has run into bipartisan push-back in

the united states senate over his national emergen. today's vote went against him, 59 to 41, and he quickly vowed a veto. congressional correspondent lisa desjardins begins our coverage. >> desjardins: rebuking president trump, the republican- controlled senate voted today to block his declaration of a national emergency at the southern border. v 12 republicaed with democrats to terminate the president's order. maine's susan collins was one of them, arguing that the president was usurping congress's power of the purse. >> we must stand up and defend congress' institutional powers as the framers intended that we would. >> desjardins: the one dozen republicans who voted to end th presidenergency declaration were a spectrum of moderates, conservatives and libertarians. hosting ireland's prime minister

ahead of the vote, president trump vowed to veto the measure, defending his declaration andre saying it is aing a security issue. >> the wor is laughing at the laws that were passed, with respect to us, a we're going to have a very strong border very soon. we're building a lot of wall. there's a lot of wall ing up. >> desjardins: by declaring the emergency, president trumpims to move $3.6 billion away from other military construction projects and use it to build more border wall. the 1976 national emergencies act gives the president the power to declare emergencies, but there is debate over whether president trump is misusing that law. some republicans, like arkansas' tom cotton, say the president has the authority to address what they see as a real emergency at the southern border. >> it's not a constitutional on the, it's a crisi border, a crisis of american

sovereignty. when hundreds of thousands of foreigners arrive at the southernorder and demand try, that's not migration. that's an emergency and a threat to our sovereignty. >> desjardins: but democratsve aid from the beginning, president trump's declaration was both unnecessary and ilgal. tom udall of new mexico co-sponsored the resolution ending the emergency. >> what is at issue is our oatha to suppo defend the constitution, whether any president can toss congress aside and raid critical funds at will. we have an opportunity to stand up to an unconstitutional power grab. >> desjardins:he vote today was the largest senate rej ation of a truinistration policy so far, but fell short of the 67 votes needed to override a presidential veto. and one is coming, as president trump tweeted, adding an examation point to a singl word-- "veto!"

>> woodruff: and lisa joins me now, along with our white house correspondent, yamiche alcindor. "making the grade" pop-up busins school pops esplazade extravagan hello to both of you. lisa, this was apparently a this was a bruising vote.ho these senatorsere on the fence were under incredible use,sure from the white h and just minutes before the vote in the half hour before the vote, senator thom tillis of norttcarolina changed his voe, judy. there were only a few reporters oo the chamber at that point, and we all ked at each other and said, are we understanding thisseorrectly, bec tillis wasn't just someone opposing the president, he wrote an op-ed in the "washington post" in february saying that this was a matter of constitutional imperative. he wrote it would be intellectually dishost to support this emergency declaration. why does he say he changed his vote today? well, he says he's in discussions with the president. he thinks they can change the entire way national emergencies

are approached. at the same time, conservatives have been very clear and have told himla point they want to run a primary opponent against him, perhaps mark meadows of north carolina. he says that's not the reason. maybe we'll learn more in a few days. i want to turn from him to a prtident who voted against e president. jerry moran of kansas wrote this also unuesual handwrittenter of why he voted to end the emergency claration, and note this line right here. he wrote, "i take one oath to, uphold the constitution of the united states. i believe the use of emergency powers in this circumstance stitution."e con his staff says moran took this unusual step of putting out his own handwriting because heis wantedoters to know how personally involved he was. it's fascinating, judy, president trump won in kansas by 20 points.l thom ts, president trump only one by four points there. what's the difference? thomillis is up for reelection in 2020. .erry moran is not

every republican up for reelection voted with the president today except fo susan collins. >> woodruff: very telling, very telling. demiche, we know the pre plans the veto this. he's made that very clear. how is he dealing with these senators who weagainst him? >> well, this was really a stunning reuke of president trump delivered by members of his own party, and the president had been trying really, really hard to avoid this, and they haw been calling tte house and aides and the president himself, aglking to lawmakers, urging them to not votainst the president. t want to read two tweets that i think really ariculate the president's message to lawmakers. the first was before the vote. he tweeted, "don't vote with pelosi." then after the vote, when it wa clear that nate was going to be doing that, he said, "i think all of the strong republicans who voted to support border security and are desperately needed wall." then he's saying thanks for sticking with me to the republicans who did stick with me, but he's not talking abo

the 12 republicans who voted against him. the white house is also not really aknowledging the republicans who were using words thke "dangerous" and account king" to describe president's national emergency declaration. i was speaking to a sen campaign official for the trump campaign. that person told me the opthiics ofare not great but that the great thing about this is that there will not be a veto override and that the president has enough republicans sticking with him so that he doesn't have to face a ful rlebuke from congress. the white house also says thatid the prt is likely going to be vetoing this bill some time in the very, very neafuture. there is no exact timing. it's important to note that president trump -- this is going to be his first veto. sesident obama had 12. the white house ying, hey, this is part of the job. we have to do this.dr >> wf: a new situation for this president. yamiche alcindor, lisa e desjardins, we thank yth. >> woodruff: in y's other news, britain's house of commons voted to seek a three-month

delay in leaving the eurean union. the current date is march 29. lawmakers already rejected prime minister theresa may's brexit deal twice. they also voted agait leaving the e.u. without a deal. after today's vote, the opposition labour party leader jeremy corbyn said the burden is back on may, again. >> the last few days have also put responsibility on the prime minister, first to publiclyr accept that eal" and "no-deal" are simply no longer viable options, and secondly, to bring forward the necessary legislation to amend the exit date of the 29th of march. >> woodruff: prime minister may has indicated that she will seek a third vote on her brexit proposal next week. the u.s. house of representatives voted unanimously today that special counsel robert mueller's russia report will be made public. the non-binding resolution is meant to preneure attorney l william barr to release

as much information as possiblet it is unclear senate will take up the issue. is investigating russian interference in the 2016 election, and alleged hellusion withrump campaign. former tas congressman beto o'rourke has officially entered the 2020 democratic presidential race. o'rourke narrowly lost his u.s. senate bid last year, to republic incumbent ted cruz. but his campaign mobilized young and minority vots, and shattered fund-raising records. in a video today, he said he is ready to run for the wte house. >> this is going to be a positive campaign, that seeks to ing out the very best fr every single one of us, that seeks to unite a very divided country. we saw the power of this in texas, where people allowed no difference, however great or however small, to stand between them and divide us. >> woodruff: o'rourke is now one of more than a dozen democrats

running for the 2020 nomination. the u.s. peace envoy to afghanistan, zalmay khalilzad, was sharply criticized today over his handling of peace talks with the taliban. the afghan national security viser accused him of stonewalling afghan leaders, with an eye toward taking powerl hi he also warned that khalilzad is ving too much away to th taliban. the u.s. state department said it would respond in private. the connecticut stateme court ruled today miat gun maker ton may be sued over the sandy hook school killings in 2012. the gunman used remington's semi-automatic "bushmaster" rifle to kill 20 chiand six staff members. a lawy for victims' families said they will pursue wrongful death claims that the company orified the gun in its marketing. >> nobody is above the law. that's really the takeaway from the decision.

and even a gun company that is powerful, even a gun industry that is politically connected, and even in the face of some statutory protections, no industry is fully above the law. >> woodruff: remington has long denied it did anything wrong. it has also argued that federal law shields gun manufacturers from liability in most cases. state legislatures in arkansasan utah have approved bills to ban most abortions after 18 weeks of pregnancy. the restrictions, adopted wednesday, would be among then tougheste nation. arkansas' governor is expected to sig while utah's governor is still weighing his decision.f a wide swathe country spent another day under assault from a late-winter storm. it brought white-out conditions and flooding in nebraska, plus heavy rain in the dakotas and

iowa. in colorado, crews worked toop interstates after a blizzard and hurricane-force winds whipped through the region. meanwhile, a tornado touched ground in western kentucky, injung one person. democrats in the u.s. house charged today that commerce secretary wilbur ross lied about adding a citizenship question to the 2020 census. at a hearing, house oversight chair elijah cummings said documents show that ross pushed to add the question, and misd congress about it. missouri democrat lacy clay challenged ross directly, as the secretary defended his previous statements. >> i have never intentionally misled congress or intentionally said anything incorrect under oath... >> mr. secretary, mr. secretary. you lied to ngress. you misled the american people. and you are complicit in the

trump administration's intent to suppress the political power of n-white population. >> woodruff: democrats say the citizenship question would discourage immigrants from taking part in the census. ross promised the census data will not be ed for immigration enforcement. the u.s. supreme court will hear legal challenge to the question, next month. "empir actor jussie smollett pled not guilty today to charges atthat he staged an allegetack in chicago. he said nothing publicly, before or after the hearing. inourt, his lawyer submitt the plea to 16 counts ofdi rderly conduct. smollett says he was attacked by two men shouting rial and homophobic slurs. police say he staged bid for publicity and better pay. the chinese telecom giant huawei hatoentered a not guilty ple charges of violating u.s. sanctions on iran.

that came today at an arraignment in brooklyn, new york. huawei's chief financial officer, meng wanzhou, was arrested in canada in deceer, and is awaiting extradition to the u.s. on wall street today, the dow jones industrial average gained seven points to close near 25,710. the nasdaq fell 12 points, and0 the s&p ipped two. and, former three-term senator birch bayh died today at his home in maryland. e indiana democrat ran for president, and led drives for a lower voting age and genderli eq. john yang has our report. we're running a good st third. >> yang: birch bayh's attemptsen to become preswere both unsuccessful, but the consequences of the liberal democrat's work are still felt a throughorican life. ( yelling )e thope of women's college athletics is largely due to title ix, the landmark federal legislation that bayh championed.

iit bars sex discriminati colleges, and is used to combat sexual assault on campus.a >> ...to havvoice and to have an impact. >> yang: 18-ye-olds are guaranteed the right to vote in federal and state elections, thanks to the 26th amendment to the constitution, which bayh helped draft in the midst of tha viwar. and he was the main architect of the 25th amendment, presidents the ability to fill vice presidential vacancies. its procedure for declaring sitting presidents unfit has been in the news, after disclosures that deputy torneyro general senstein discussed it in connection with president trump. bayh was first elected to the senate in 1962. he was on the senate judiciary committee... >> let's have a truly independent prosecutor, not a special prosecutor. >> yang: ...and was a leading w voice duriergate. he was defeated for re-election by dan quayle in the 1980 republican wave. his son, evan, later held the same senate seat. birch bayh was 91.

hnr the pbs newshour, i'm yang. >> woodruff: still to come on the newshour: pbritish parliment votes h back a break from europe. co exposes disparities at elite universities. a free business school teachesny how to start a without a loan. an much more. >> woodruff: we returne political crisis in the united kingdom, as it grapples with how to leave the eurean union. foreign affairs correspondent nick schifrin brings us the latest. >> schifrin: this wer the second time, the british parliament rejected the agreemenprime minister theresa may negotiated with the european union to leave the e.u. parliament doesn't have an alternative, but it has rejected the possibility of leaving without a deal, and today, lawmakers voted to delay brexit altogether. li help walk us through what

happened and what'ly to happen next, we turn to peter spiegle, the news editor at the "financial times," who joins me from london. >> schifrin: peter spiegle, thanks for being on the news hour. does ttension give the prime minister a lifeline, and is not guaranteed theu.econd will grant it. all 27 remaining countries have approve. this the message out of brussels thus far is this will be pro forma. but you occasionally hear the i frenparticular but also the spanish saying, look, if you're going to ask for an extension, wh do you need ths for? you have to let us know you will come to some resolution, whi clearly at this point the brits can't do. is this a lifeline? yes d no. for two years theresa may has been trying to get a deal thugh parliament. she's negotiated for two years, and we're two weeks away and she still can't do it. the delay will allow her att leother couple months to try to keep pounding her head against the wall, but there is sign anyone is moving anywhere. so the question is: is it going to be a short exension whe she tries to get her deal done in the next month or two, or ish

a long extension where the whole question of whether britain leaves at all comes into play? i think that's the question we'll face next week when thre is another vote in parliament on this deal. >> schifrin: the vote today was to extend until june 30th. that's important because it's right before next european parliament session begins. what could lead to the delay being longer? >> well, look, the big announcement this week is she's going to try for a third time to bring her plan the parliament. it's probly going to be next tuesday, and he has said to the members of parliament, look, yoa a choice. you can either back my bill in this third vote, in which case we'll need a short, technical extension, probably until the european elections, which is may 23rd. we'll push it through parliament, get it ratified, push the legislation through, and that will be done an dusted. or, you know, we could befi inte. we could be years stuck in an extension, because as you said, the europeans have the elections

the may. the parliament sits in july. then they do the european commission. ery five years they reappoint the european commission. so britain has to participate in these things as an ongoingmb of the e.u. the transes of theresa may hanging around this long as sprime minister are velim some you get a short and sweet and the deal goes through and britain leaves in late may, or, boy, you know, it goes hayre and we have no idea where this is going to end. >> schifrin: could that mean we get no brexit at all or as you referred to earlier, a second refm?eren >> what you hear when you talk to brussels -- i spent six years ere -- the one thing they would be willing to wait for is some sort of democratic event. is it a second referendum where the british people are asked yet again, is this the brexit you wantthat kind of brexit, or stay in at this point? or you have a general election. the ct of the matter is theresa may no longer has a majority in parliament. she's relying on a small rthern ireland party to stay in government. you have a labour party which is coming arod slowly but surely to backing a second referendum.

so why not bring it to the people? you have arexit party in the tory party and what has increasingly become a second ferendum party in the labour party. i think you're beginning the hear a lot of rumbling in brussels if you calve this in parliament, the best solution will be some sort of democratic ent, again, second referendum or general election. >> schifrin: peter spiegle, t news editor of "financial times," thank you very much. >> my pleasure. h woodruff: the college admissions scand sparked conversations around the country-- not just about the scheme itself, but much bigger questions about access, race, class and inequality in higher education. this week, the f.b.i. and department of justice detailed a sweeping cheating and bribery scandal involving pares and high-profile celebriaying big money to make sure their

children could get into some of .e most select universiti ff explore some of the questions this has touchedith daniel golden.se he is or editor at propublica, and author of "the price of admission: how america's ruling class buys its way into elite colleges, and who gets left outside the gates." and, rashad robinson is theof presidenolor of change, an organization focused on racial justice. with you. ngat do you think this scandal, as we said involarents and coaches and one particular consulting firm, says about inequality in american higher education? >> i think it highlights a lot of things that so many folks already knew but also brings to bear soroof a wh series of questions about how large and how vast this is. if smeone like mr. singer could be able to get such access to

coaches, to admissions councirs, to parents, one ha to imagine this can't be the only person that is sort of engaged in this type of behavior. so i do think it's incredibly important as we look at what's happened here that we just don'h think aboue exposure of this one single incidents, but think about all of theays that th rules and the structures within the system have allowed this to hohappen. the s, who have in many ways tried to kind of lay the blame elsewhere, have created systems and structures that make it easy for these things to happen, having the option for access to polo d other sports that don't exist in urbanit comm don't exist sort of in wide ranges. so already creing tracks for rich students or wealthy, creating all of these avenues also for donations. >> woodruff: i want to ask you about that, systems an structures. daniel golden, you wrote in your book about the unfairness of many of the ways students of

privilege were getting into elite colleges, others being left out. dat parallels do you see? what differencyou see between what you wrote about in 2006 and what's ppening right now? >> well, this is essentially what i wrote about in my book but taken to a much mor exeme level. i primarily wrote about donations to universits that were used to facilitate admission of these children of the ch and famous. this is straight out bribery. you know, so i focused on institutional preferences lek legacy preference for children of alumni ww ho skeite and wealthy, or the athletic preferencefor upper-crust sports that were just mentioned. this exposes those vulnerabilities, but it also goes way beyond that in the most the one thing it showcases that is particularly interesting is a sort of rise these private

councilors who are paid by t wealthy to get their kids into college, and they're beholden to nobody, whereas a guidance down hair in a high school, they need to find the fit for all the students, what's the best college for this or that student. these councilors are simply at the bethest of the wea as far as they can to get kids into college. >> woodruff: rashad rob whether it is donations by parents with large financial means or whether its the rise of, as daniel golden says, private councilors, is there an growing gap this country between what some students and their families are capable of doing to get into schools and what others are capae of doing? >> well, it absolutely follows the growing inequali we see in this country and the way that policies from huget tax cus to the sort of lack of access to quality education in high school and elementary school, the fact

that the funding of our schoolsr els along racial lines in so many ways. and since 1980 in this country, schools have become more and lkre segregated, and so the opportunity that fhave once they leave those schools to get into or be sbye elite schools or colleges as a whole, of that sort of plays into this. set once students get to the schools, sort of the ways that black students are sort of looked at nd questioned abut whether or not they belong there, all the while so many of these big institutions accept more legacy students than they do accept blck students, provide access to folks whose pay nts have alretten through the door, and they're only getting through that door after their parents, not from what they have achieved on their own.d >> woodruff: aat raises, daniel golden, something you wrote about this week, and that is wle the number of -- the gctual number of legacies or the percentage of leacies may be

shrinking, but you still have aa problem wi advantage that students coming from families of means have over other students. is there a racial component to that? >> there is a racial component. the legacy preferencfor alumni children disproportionatelyfi be whites. there is a proportion of legacy students at elite universitiesbe canywhere from 10% to 20% of the student body or even higher, and combined with these other preferences, like those for the sort of aristocratic white sports, for development admits, kids of non-alumni who are rich and prepared to donate and other preferences can be a lot bigger percentage than that. and people tend to criticize traditional affirmative action in a vacuum, as if the rest of the system were merit-based and affirmativ oaction was thenly preference that interferes with that. but actua'y, you know, its

dwarfed we the combined prevalence of these other preferences that favor the rc and the whites. >> woodruff: only about a minute left. but i want to ask each one of you very quickly, what more needs to be done by these ofhools? because a numbe these elite schools would say they areyi to balance the students they accept, that they're tryint toore students accepted and into their college population who come from backgrounds that are not privilegeed. what needs to be done, rashad robinson? >> until these schools put even a percentage of effort into equity and fairness as they do into capturing that $1 million or $2 million donation from the dnrent with the kid with the 2.0 g.p.a. who sho be in their school, we're going to continue to have these problems over and over again, but be really clear that as this country changes and as diversity changes, organizations like mine and others will be rasing our

voices and holding those institutions accountable. >> woodruff: daniel golden, how do you see what needto be done? >> well, i would love to see a fundamental revamping of college missions preferences. i would eliminate legacy preference. i would eliminate preference for athletes in sports that most kids don't get a chance to participate in. and in response to a particula scandal, i would advocate regulation and licensing of private college councilors. and obviously greater attention paid to recruited athletes in y'res of whether the profiles are legitimate or not. this case seems to show thar thmission is more or less rubber-stamped wmmn they're reded by the coach, and that should change, too. >> woodruff: well, it is a big subjt and one that wre going to continue to look at as the conversation continues. much.you both ve daniel golden and rashad robinson, thank you. >> thanks for having me.

>> woodruf most people think you need money to start a company, but the "pop-upoo business s is taking a completely different approach. our economics correspondent paul solman has the story. it is part of r weekly series, "making sense." >> people don't want to interrupt, so they do this weird hover, like iting for a gap. and, then kind of wait for the gap and they go "ha, ha, yes...t ( la ) >> reporter: at a houston mall, zany british erepreneurship coach alan donegan, demonstrating how to network... >> there is going to ba moment of awkwardness when you meet someone new. if you want it to be over, done quickly, go up to them and say, "hi, i'm alan."s >> reporter: ts day seven of a two-week "pop-up business school," which teaches the basics of starting a bess on a shoestring. >> people think they need to borrow money to launch a business. >> reporter: they don't? >> no.

pretty much any business you can start for free. iv's not as easy. you have to be cre you have to borrow things, and barter. you need to use your energy. but we haven't found a business that we can't yet find a way to start for free.ep >>ter: come on, really? >> reporter: come on. retoly? >> i wantart ayvuánátááy >> reporter: but in the last seven years, donegan and team have held over 100 workshops for mostly low-income, wannabe trepreneurs in a world that thinks you need money to make money. >> you don't want to put measure pressure on them and more debt t them. you wa help them make money rather than get into debt. >> reporter: the course i free thanks here in houston to sponsors like the houston housing authority, which recruited people from the ciy's poorest neighborhoods, like sylvia gilliam, teeming with ideas. >> i do holiest health projects. i wanted to do actually one-on-one health and wellness coaching. >> reporter: but the course helps her to focus on homemade soap and taught her the frtoee ols to sell them. >> learn how the make a website

and just building relationships. >> reporter: another lesson, how to sell yourself. is there any advantage to being a tall entrepreneur? >> yes. people can see me coming and i can see them coming. >> rorter: the first six days were about creating a company, finding customers. now it's time to actually sell in the mall. >> if you do a survey, people will be nice toou. if you go and ask your friends, they'll be mice to you. it's not good eack. you ask a customer to take their money out of their pocket,u they'll tell yactly what they want. >> reporter: gilliam quicy discovered her soap samples e oked good, too good. somebody actually e of these? >> yes, because they're all natural things in the kitchen, connected to food. i pve to leteople know -- don't eat it. >> reporter: in her victim's defense, edible samples abounded. >> very nice. >> do you have hair on your chest? >> yes. >> okay. this wrell put mo on it.

n> butterscotch, peach cobbler, chocolate caramel,these are butterscotch. >> reporter: kevin scott designs clothes, promotes events, and already has a houston following. >> i wanted to concentrate on one business and use it as a model.ve even though i business going, i didn't do everything 100% correct. >> reporter: sharon pollard was demoing dogma sawj. -- dog massage. >> reporter: i'm allergic, so i shouldn't -- >> i am too. my love overcomes it. >> reporter: pollard's main takeaway from the course, how the start cheap.so >>eone was selling this massage bed for doing fac they couldn't sell it because it has some stains on it. well, i cover it up whei'm using it for dogs, so i got a massage table for $25. >> reporter: also over the years, a drone flying school, ae esoom, clown

entertainment, and balancing. >> there was a zombie fitness training lady. >> reporter: a zombie fitness training lady? hoordoes that k? >> she would dress up as a zombie and chase youpa around te , and you would run. and you would get fit. [screeching] >> reporter: no way, thought donegan, but it turns out there isow a zombie fitness movement worldwide. seriously, though, how many of these ideas have become viable companies? >> in reading in berkshire in england, we tracked people over time after the event. we ran three courses. had 335 people along to the three courses. of those, 122 started a business. 18 months lat 89% were still trading. i really do think that's because they started without debt, so they didn't have anything at the most vulnerable point of their business that would drag them

down. >> reporter: in houston, some seemed more vulrable than others. ilar,e mom nikea si despite a law degree, has had her struggles. >> the house burned down. we stayed in hotels. i could not afford that. i went to my church. they suggested the salvation army. ths.ived there for six mon >> reporter: she's now in public housing learning to concentrate her conesidera talents on a theater business to entertain kids. >> the opporthere is meeting other people who are holding me accountable. >> reporter: cystal sipsi has learned social media marketing for her health and media consultancy. >> there are pod groups that you hen create among certain friends, and thaps kind of blast your information out a lot further. >> reporter: jaes barnett at the booth next door says that. b>> that's myiggest fan. >> reporter: barnett came to the mall at his daughter's ging to promote his specialty sauce. >> i have been making this sauce for years and giving it away. family friends said, you ought

to sell this. tis stuff is good. h >>ve been calling him on the phone and filling his ear up with all kind of information i'm learning. >> reporter: calling and coming home at night to advise her husband on his new business. me.every day she comes ho i get an earful. at least 45 minutes to an hourl until i asleep. >> reporter: the family was in a homeless shelterust a few years ago. now dad is starting a youth sports program. >> i have been where these kids have been. i had a promising future in baskett ll. nce no father figure, no good role model to try to gide me to where i should be going, i took another roug,, steal breaking windows, just had nothing to do. so i'm trying to give kids something to do. some are bing called to the streets in gang violence. it's just not what i want to

see. >> reporter: crystal sipsi is teaching her husband everything she's learninpat the p up school because his busino s could meanch to hip and others. as donegan puts it... >> we helbup peoplild businesses from something they love to do. >> reporter: even those with no obvious resources at all. >> they just have a phone or they don't have technical skills. therare people without bnk accounts, no e-mail addresses.te >> reporr: but they may be able to throw togher some ingredients, add their own sweat equity, and sell. >> we have cream cheese,sp jalapenoach. >> reporter: some will take off. >> it's really good. >> reporter: many won't, but, says donegan... >> ifou spend a week coming up with the idea and you launch, if it doesn't work, you've lost a bit of time, maybe a bit of pride, but we can pick you up and give you the energy to have another go. most people's successesre n first business they run. should i do the hover on the edge and wait? i >> reporter: a they know

how to try again for almost nothing, maybe they'll take another plunge. >> god margarita. >> reporter: pbs news ouric econcorrespondent paul solman, sampling fair at the memorial city hall in houston, texas. >> woodruff: and now, a look at a unique way to measure air pollution. jeffrey brown traveled to the san francisco bay area, to meet an artist who is bringing sound to a usually silent problem. ur is part of our regular series covering arts ane, "canvas." ( chimes ) , brown: the ring is simp familiar, pleasant. ( chimes ) these bells look and sound just likeindchimes... ( chimes ) ...but they're not controlled by the wind at all. ( chimes ) this is "mutual air"... a sound installation in the bay area that measures air pollution.

>> it's th in the world, in a sense. you can't help but share it. >> brown: rosten woo is a california-based artist and designer who's currently an artist-in-residence at san francisco's "exploratorium." celebrating its 50th anniversary this year, the museum has placeh a heavy is on climate science and environmental issues.wi woo came u "mutual air" as a way to make measurements and databout the air we breathe, more accessible. >> what i tried to do is kind of give a public presence to the air. >> brown: a public presence to the air? >> yeah. >> brown: meaning what? >> well, i mean, the great cliche aboutir, right, is that, you know, you can't experience it, because it's so ever-present. it's always around, always. but we don't ever have a very direct indicator of, kind of the dynac nature of the changes that air. >> brown: the device uses a clser sensor to detect par in the air. it picks up particulate matter that's 2.5 microns w.me-- known as2-point-5--

about one-30th the width of a man hair. but at that size, scientists say, particles can worsen conditions like asthma, lung and heart disease. the bell, sensing a high level of particulate matte releases a magnetic mallet that strikes the metal pipes surrounding it. >> you really can think of it as, like, windhimes for air pollution. so, when it's going all of the time-- rown: wind-chimes for ai pollution? >> yeah. so when it's going off a lot, as you might on a very windy day, you'd ha a sense, like, okay, this is, this is getting up to, maybe, not great or not althy level of p.m.-2.5. >> brown: these are beautiful sounds. you even made them musical with the different levels of pipe. >> yeah. >> brown: why? if it's supposed to be kind of a, i don't know, warning? >> we wanted to be in this kind of nether space between, we heard it a little bit, it wouldn't bother you. you don't feel like someone's, like, poking you. but if you hear it a lot, you know, it actually does become

kind of annoying, in the same wy the wind chim annoying a lot. and we've actually-- there is on further out, so it's struck less frequently. but when it's very active, you hit this kind of slightlormore dint note. so, as it kind of gets into more dangerous registers of y particle know it becomes a little eerier, and it's in its tone and caste. >> brown: the bay area-- oakland in particular-- has some of the lowest air qualityio in the n giant ports, train tracks, crs-crossing interstates. woo and the exploratorium have begun to install bells around the city. they plan to have 30 up in all. >> my hope is that it has a very subtle and slow effect, th people will kind of become aware of these. eventually, they become curiousu gh to read the sign, and kind of understa what it is. and then thereafter, think about

>> brown: late last year, just weeks after the installation of "mutual air" began, the deadliest wildfires in california history swept through the northern part of the state. the bells went off constantly. >> brownone site is the west oakland environmental indicators project-- an environmental justice organization thatn gathers its owdata on air quality. margaret gordon is the director. for another tool.r" adds >> by having this data-- we data, the research and the maps-- we are beinable to pinpoint to the city, the state, the county where they need to advocate to do more emission reduction planning, such as making the port go totally electrified; bringing electrified trains, the cranes, the trucks; committing land for charging stations for trucks, so those type of things. because of that, having that data, we're able to campaign and advocate for it. >> brown: i asked rothon woo where "art" comes in,

and meets advocacy. >> i think it kind of falls into the catchment art, because it doesn't fit very neay into, into other categories-- it's not strictly a public health program, it's not strictly, you know, a political project. >> brown: but is it a political act in some ways? >> i don't want to oversell it and say, lik you know, this is, this is a real political action. i think it-- having an awareness and a new knowledge of how, howb your environment is shaped, does it engender politics, does, does it kind of lead you then to like, have questions, like, why is this so? >> brown: for the pbs newshour, i'm jeffrey brown in the san francisco bay area. >> woodruff: and we will be bac shortly, witok at the price of privacy in this digital age. but first, taka moment to hear from your local pbs station. it's a chance to offer your support, which

>> woodruff: a top facebook heecutive in charge of all products announced today he is leaving the social media giant. it is the highest-level departure in years, and comes amidst mounting criticism of how roe company handles users data. tonight, we hearroger mcnamee. he was an early investor in facebook, still holds in it, but is now a vocal critic. he offers his "humble opinion" on how we need to stop being passive and decide how of our personal information we want to share. >> data is replacing oil as the most valuable commodity in our economy. unlike oil, where ownership is tied to the property under which it resides, corporations acquire highly personal data in the course of a transaction and assert ownership forever. instead of asking permission,e corporations tat they want and challenge us to object. >> thanks to the protion

of smart devices and lowthost networksvalue of data is rising exponentially, while the cost of llecting it remains relatively low. this has encouraged a range of surveillance schemes by internet platforms and vendorof smart devices, as well as more aggressive marketing of data by brokers, cellular carriers,pr credit caressors and the like. consumers feed the machine because of the conve it provides. but we, the people, have little suy in this new data economy. we are merely thect, and increasingly, the victims of it. there are few rules in this country when it comes to the gathering or use of data. important questions have never been asked. why, for example, is it legal to sell or trade data about our credit card purchases, personal heal, geo-location, or internet activity? why is it legal for smart devices to listen in on us in

our bedrooms and offices? why is it legal to collect any data at all about minors? why do data companies generally bear no liability when they take or use our datwithout permission?ma there ar legitimate uses of data, and many benefits to the conser, like improved search results and relevant ads. but in today's wild west of data, the potential rm is eat. for example, it's not hard to imaginsites that track mouse movement will be able to discern symptoms of neurological conditions like parkinson's disease fore the user is even aware of them. today, there is no requirement that the user be notified, but the site is free to sell that information to the highest bidder, perhaps an insurance company who might ise rates or terminate coverage. we are at an inflection point. data can be used to manipulate and control us. is that what we want?

technology companies must acknowledge their power and responsibilities. government must enforce a fairer balance between the interests of business and consumers. and consumers must recognize that convenience has a far greater cost than is advertised. >> woodruff: on the newshour online right now, one large or two mediums? deep dish or new york style? we mark pi day with a tribute to the most math-savvy ways to order, slice and eat pizza. that and more is on our webspbe, s.org/newshour. and that is the newshour for tonigh w i'm judruff. for all of us at the pbs newshour, thank you, andon we'll see you >> major funding for the pbs newshour has beeprovided by: >> babbel. a language app that teaches real-life conversationgein a new langlike spanish, french, german, italian, and more. babbel's 115 minute lessons

are available as an app, or online. more information obabbel.com. >> consumer cellular. >> american cruise lines. >> and with the ongoing support of these institutions: >> this prram was made possible by the corporation for public broadsting. and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. captioning sponsored by newshour productions, llc captioned by media access group at wgbh media access group at wgbh results are only as good

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