captioning sponsored by wnet 28 sreenivasan: on this edition for sunday, apria community tries to heal after the deadly shooting in poway, california, jeff greenfield with his perspective on politics and more, and in our signature segment: wen in peru say a family planning policy, robbed them of their rights. next o.""pbs newshour week" >> pbs newsur weekend is made possible by: bernard and irene schwartz. sue and edgar wachenheim iii. seton melvin. the cheryl and philip milstein family. dr. p. roy vagelos and diana t. vagelos. the j.p.b. foundation. rosalind p. walter barbara hope zuckerberg. corporate funding is provided by mutual of america--

designing customized individual and group retirement products. that's why we're your retirement company. additional support has been provided by: and by the corporation for public broadcasting, and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you.is from the wnet studios at lincoln center in new york, hari sreenivasan. >> sreenivasan: good evening and thank you for joining us. mourners came to honor the victims, the day after a gunman opened fire in a southern california synagogue, killing a 60-year-old woman and injuring three others. the 19-year-old whitofman suspectehe hate crime attack remains in custody. a growing number of flowers and messages covered a ml on the street outside the chabad of poway synagogue-- just northf san diego. 60-year-old lori gilbert-kaye died in the atck. she was at services on the last day of passover to say a prayer ntr her mother, who had re passed away. kaye was shot and killed after she jumped between the shooter

and the rabbi. the hospital released two of the injured today: shrapnel wounded eight-year-old noya dahan, whose family recently immigrated from isrl. her uncle, 34-year-old almog peretz, was also iured by shrapnel, as he helped his niece and other children get to safety. the synagogue's rabbi, 57-year- old yisroel goldstein, was shot in both hands and is still recovering after surgery. joins us now, via skype, steve, you were up the at the sce today, can you describe it? >> yes, harry, as you can manage, there is an intense media interest we see a lot of camera crews up there, and also members of thish congregation. is a very tight-knit community, many of the people that attempt the synagogue actually live in the surrounding neighborhood so we were able to talk to one of theh peoplet knew hague the 60-year-old who was ki yesterday as well as one of the

congress gants who, congregants he was able to actually talk to the gunman atod get hi put the gun down and forced him to flee. >> yes. so tell me a little bit about what, what you heard from them about ms. kay? >> well, according to our friend, she, this was just the sort of ing she would do, as shocking as it was, but ipr wasn't sing that she would give her life this way. >> sreenivasan: you also had aca chance tch up with the mayor today, what does he have to say? >> well, he says he wants express this is not what po way is liked, that he was in this -- at this synagogue six months ago after this happened in pittsburgh, that they had designed a safety plan to keep the, to keep this con more safe and make sure they felt secure and included in thit comm so there is a tremendous amount of shock but then the mayortslso wano stress that this is not what this community is all about, and he is basically been there

almost nonstop since it happened yesterday morning at about 11:30. >> sreenivasan: of the people that you spoke with who live in the neighborhood, who are a part of this congregation, this was suppos to be a celebratory time for them, of the year, what are they going through? >> well, you know, it is shock and it is hurt, the fellow talked toscar stewart who charged the gunman, he was just simply in tears 24 hors later. he doesn't even understand, even though he has military training himself he was in the navy d in the army, that he surprised himself that he deced at that last moment to charge the gunman. >> sreenivasan: are there any kind of conseling services that are available to all of these people right now? >> well, you are starting to see that, and again you are starting to see the big community in san diego rallying around these folks. you are starting to see people showing up they say after the -- this incident happened, the orthodox church, even though they were hearinexshotsdoor were 0 allowing people to rush in there

and flee to safheety. so is a lot of outreach we have seen several preachers give sermons this morning talking about how they don't want to see the wish community isolated in san diego, but yet we also have the fbi, we have the san diego county sheriff's department and all of the whole array of counseling services available to people in this congregation. >> sreenivasan: all right. steve wal of kgbs in san diego joining us by skype. thank you so much. >> thank you, hari. >> sreenivasan: four people were killed yesterday after- 0 >> sreenivasan: four people wers killedrday afternoon after a massive construction crane collapsed and fell onto a busy d seattle streeting a storm. two of the dead were ironworkers who were inside the crane. the other two victims were in cars on the streets below.ha seattlmore cranes in use, building office towers and apartment buildings, than any other citycrn the u.s. the broke apart while it was being dismantled after being used in construction on

seattle's new google campus. officials say it will take months to complete the investation of what caused the collapse. raging flood waters killed one peon in northern mozambiqu today bringing the death toll to at least five, with more torrential rain in the fn ecast. more t0,000 people are now at risk from flooding after cyclone nneth, the second cyclone to hit in six weeks, made landfall on thursday. tens of thousands of homes have been partially or fully destroyed. and aid workers have been unable to cross rising rivers to deliver supplies to many parts of the region. thousands of people marched in hong kong today, protestin proposed extradition rules that would allow people to be sent to mainland china for trial. opponents say the new rules would threaten rights and legal protections guaranteed when the city was handed over to china in 1997 after british rule. many of the demonstrators d yellow umbrellas, the symbol of an occupy civil disobedience movement that shut down parts of hong kong for 11 weeks in 2014.

pope francis is donating half a million dollars to help central american migrants hoping to cross the u.s. border but remain randed in mexico. today the pope asked the faithful to pray for refugees including those in libya and thn victims of floin africa. the vatican announced the new donation yesterdll saying it wi support the needs of 75,000ro migrantshonduras, el salvador and guatemala. the money will be distributed among 27 projects and used for basic needs, fd and lodging. for reaction to saturday's shooting at the chabad of poway synagogue visit pbs.org/newshour. >> sreenivasan: ngress is back at work in washington starting tomorrow, and last week saw former vice president joe biden add his name to the very largeat list of cand for the democratic presidential nomination-- so we asked special correspondent jeff greenfield to join us for some political analysis and perspective.

>> sreenivasan: good to have you at the table. first, let's talk a bit about the biden factor, this is something that has been almost a foregone cnclusion. it has been such a long windup, here he is but really he spend the first few days of his official part of the campaign dealing with his past and his legacy and an any at that hill, anita hill hearings. >> to me the thing i think we ought to highlight is the money pit issuit we in the poal world judge a candidate often by how his or her fund raising is going, right? so joe ben threw down $6.3 million in one day. and that was a sign,h, maybe he is serious about this, and when you see a candidate like nator gillibrand struggle to reach 65,000, which is the behmark to get into the debates, you have this notion that even though we think moneyb is, shouldn that big of a factor it is a major issue in judgina presidential candidate. >> sreenivasan: and is there a concern over t long-term that if money is a proxy, the amount

of support you have that basically these smaller donors could come a bigger facto >> absolutely. one of the factors about joe biden is not having had a donor list. so if he is raising his moneyt t the outom big money people, who are giving him maximum amount, that's it, he can't go back to them. bernie sanders supporters, 95 percent of them have given under $200. there are a sustainable resource and they can kick n monain and do you know the road that could be a real factor when the campaign actually gets going. >> sreenivasan: you know, in ae leadup i said congress getting back to wo almost feels like a oxymoron at the noment, how much work will they be able to get when they are now, especially when it comes to these committees who are saying hey want you to testify in front of me and i want oou to testify in fro me. you said this in the mueller report and i want this out inen the the trump administration said, no, no thanks. >> we have always had tensionsi when a pnt of one party faces a congress partially controlled by the othty but we have never had an

administration that said sort of flat out, no,obody involved in ohe report is going to testify, what are you goingo about it? >> so what i think happening is, l,e very audacity, if you wil of saying flat out, nobody is a way of saying to the cgrns, you don't really have the power to do anything about this and we will just drag this outntil next election. >> sreenivasan: speaking of turmoil, internal or erwise the nra had not a great week this week, oliver north whwas the president was basically forced out. how significant is thi i mean for such an influential organization? >> even though their membership is declining and even though they have faced issues about money they never had a president as uritically supportive of the nra as donald trump who just went and told them he is getting out of this international arms deal because they don't like it on the other hand, this is a kind of -- a public implosion of a major organization the likes of which we have never seen and i do have to say for people who

do not like the nrein th first place, this is like chrtm and the super bowl and most importannki thihe new york attorney general, this is new york is where the nra is chartered is threatening to take away their tax exemption and that could be a really serblious to it, as you pointed out a very powerful lobbying move. >> srieenivasan:nally, economic numbers do matter in the political context. president's public perception of their acions also follows. >> right. here is the quirk. trump's numbers at this point are lower than any president since world war ii despite the great economy, which tells you that people, even in the economy are still hesitant if nott negative ab his performance in office. should these numbers pove illusory, like the sugar rush from the tax cut, then you can actually say this president is in real trouble next year because as james carville told us back in 1992, the economy is

stupid but still not a bad wayow to judge presidential campaign will go. >> sreenivasan: jeff greenfield, thank you so much. >> >> >> reenivasan: a half century ago the united nations embraced family planning as a human right, but sometimes memr states have been accused of implementing family planning policies in ways that violate rather than promote that rht. one such case is peru, where thousands of women are seeking justice for what they say are government crimes committed against them in the name of family planning. newshour weekend special correspondent kira kay has our story. >> reporter: it is a moment 20ye ars in the making: dozens of indigenous peruvian women arrive to give testimony to national prosecutors, the beginof a possible new criminal case on their behalf. o we were asked icials to not show their faces or reveal their words, but outside the

building, the women were eager to share with us what they told the prosecutors: that in the 1990s, during the regime of e rongman president alberto fujimori, they werilized without their consent, by rudoctors working for the an health service. >> ( translated ): they asked md how many cn i had. i said i had three. they said if your husband is a farmer andou do not work, how can you support your children? >> ( translated ): we are mocked in our communities. i was asmed, but now we have come together and will demand justice. >> ( translated ): what happened to us in the era of alberto fujimori was forced upon each of us, to every sister, in every province. >> reporter: rute zuñiga was 29 years old in 1999, and had just given birth to her fourth child when, she says, health officials showed up at her door. >>translated ): they said to me, "why have you not come down to the health center? weeed to give your daughte her vaccine." then they said, "we are going to check you, too" and they made me

get on the stretcher. i asked the doctor, "what are you going to do to me?" he said, "it's not much we are going to do, it's just a tiny cut." r >>orter: that "tiny cut" was a tubal ligation, a sterilization procedure that a closes o woman's fallopian tubes. and just to be very clear, youd t consent to be sterilized? >> ( translated ): no, miss, i never gave my consent fotethem to operan me. i couldn't speak spanish well they took advant of me. >> reporte alberto fujimori led peru from 1990 t2000. it was a decade marked by his brutal fight against communist insurgents, but it was also a period of social andconomic development for peru. as part of that social development, fujimori announced an intensive family planning campaign at the 1995 united nations worlconference on women. >> 25% of women had more than four children in a poor country

where we were a very poor country. poverty was around 68%. >> reporter: peruvian maría cecilia villegasesearched the country's family planning strategy while studying international development athn hopkins university. she says it was a valuable program. >> women were having more kids than they wanted to have. there was a lot of maternal mortality. so this was designed for poor women to be able to access the same health services that rich women are able to access. >> reporter: from 1996 to 2000, millions of cooms, birth control pills, and other contraceptive methods were provided. and 280,000 tubal ligations were performed. t almost from the start, reports of aggressive government sterilization quotas, and lack of women's consent, began to emerge, particularly from indigenous areas. there were also allegations that some women died because of unsaniry conditions or lack of

post-operative caran >> the gentlrom kansas rise. >> reporter: the united states had been funding t program, but cut back support in early 1998, in response to these reports. >> thank y, mr. chairman. women were coerced into sterilization. >> reporter: congress also passed legislation to strengthen the rules of consent and forbid nurical targets anywhere t u.s. was providing family lsanning aid. peruvian officianvestigated at the time, but only validated a small number of complaints. the program was ended in 2000 when fujimori was forced to resign the presidency. but in recent years, journalist melissa goytizolo has re-opened the story, gathering new accounts of forced sterilizations from women around the country. >> ( translated ): i didn't know the magnitude of the case andth it had occurred in all corners of peru. there's too many sterilizedwo n who lived through the same patterns in the coast, mountains, and in the jungle.

it was directed towards poor indigenous women who couldn't read and write, many with a very low level of education. >> reporter: goytizolo uncovered documents, including this 1997 letter from a regional health official to hospital director. it announced a campaign to carry out 250 sterilizations over a four day period, in coordinatiod >> ( transl ): we complained to the prosecutor's office because th was against the health and security of women. >> reporter: hernando cevallos, now a coressman, was head of that region's medical association at the time. >> ( translated ): the government was telling different health establishments that "this week you have to arrive at a goal of 100, 150, or 200 people successfully sterilized." the problem during this periodoa was that the they designed did not allow for the providing of adequate information to the patients to understand what they would be subject to. >> reporter: meanwhile, in the early 2000s, rute zuñiga began hearing about more and more

women like her. she founded a local association of forcibly sterilized women and joined forces with other similar groups that were forming around the country. together they pushed the government to recognize their suffering. in 2009, peruvian courts began to provide a measure of justice for abuses during the fujimori years. the former president was found guilty of crimes against his owi ns, carried out during his fight against domestic terrorism.fo but thed sterilization allegations were not brought to trial. >> ( translated ): every year, when we presented r cases, they shelved them. another year, and they shelved them. we've been stuck in this effort. >> reporter: finally, in 2016,li peru ested a national registry of victims of forced sterilization to officially identify the number of cases. more than 6,000 women would eventually be accepted from all ross the country. the registry granted special health coverage and most

crucially, assigned lawyers to the women, with the exprsed intent of guaranteeing them access to justice, including helping them give testimony to prosecutors. in october, criminal charges were finally filed by the national prosecutor's office, accusing alberto fujimori and three of his former health ministers of grave human rights violations in the deaths of five women, and serious injury to more than 1,300 others. the 250-page criminal complaints bu case that in their urgency to meet ambitious family planning goals, the men created a climate for forced sterilizations.id included as ce is the letter revealed by journalist goytizolo and these 1997 memos sent directly to fujimori by his health minister. they show that the government had a goal that year to sterilize 150,000 women and kept a running tally toward meeting that target. re's absolutely no grounds, no grounds to charge us

anything. >> reporter: marino costa bauer is the author of those memos. he and another accused health minister, alejandro aguinaga, agreed to meet with me. they served consecutively from 1996 to 2000. they take credit for peru's declining death rates related to childbirthuring that period. >> ( translated ): the reality is that maternal mortality decreased by almost 40% and child mortality decrby 35%. these were terrible conditions in our country. i don't think there's a minister who could stand by and not act. >> reporter: they denyng local doctors to meet quotas. they say that there was pressure to undertake more procedures. >> by us? by dr. alejandro and me? >> reporter: by the health ministry. >> no. >> no way. >> reporter: you say never. >> never. >> reporter: they say theyla addressed cots as soon as they arose, and provide as evidence a survey that suggests that by the end of therogram at least, most women who were sterilized understood what was happening. nt 92% of them declared that

before they werevened, they were informed that they would not be able to have any ren after this operation. >> reporter: but that is still several thousand women who say their rights were violated. >> well lets see, i mean, i am very sympathetic with them, but that's not because we ordered it. absolutely not. that's because at some point along the line, somebody made mistakes. and if there have been mistakes, well, investigate those mistakes, stop investigating us. >> reporter: congressman hernando cevallos isn't buying the former health ministers' argument. >> ( translated ): the doctors duat worked in the health establishments cing the operations, many of them were appointed by the health ministry where they received their pay,un and they werr orders of the ministry. this was part of an organized system. >> reporter: today, foer president fujimori is 80 years old and in poor health. he is in prison, serving time for his previous convictions. his party still has seats in

congress but is no longein the majority. >>translated ): this is the first time that it could go to trial and the accused might finally see their day inourt. the trial will take many years, but i think that they've reached an important phase because support of fujimori is on its way down. if they still had the power they had before, this wouldn't be happening. >> reporter: a judge must approve the prosecutors' charges in order for trials to begin. the women are keeping the pressure on, meeting with ministry of justice officials to discuss their continuing health needs and potential charges from new criminal investigations. rute ziga says she finally feels supported by her government and has some hope.at >> ( tran ): they are changing, and therefore we in the organization are very strengthened by this. we want to see that those whoe are responsie found culpable. this is what we want >> this is "pbs new weekend," sunday.

>> sreenivasan: there is a three-day ve event beginning tomorrow on pbs. the program "nature" is showcasing the wder and science of spring. field biologist phil torres gave us some highlights. i am a biologist by hea so i will do my best to find some amazing nature to ow america. >> as we kind of flip between, back and forth from, you know, maine to florida tolifornia, how is it possible, this is just a logistic question to coordinate the timing? because, you know, a bear is not going to come out of 0 its cave exactly at 5:35. >> no, we. a lot of fingers crossed on this one and really hoping that natuo gives off a good shw. one of the beauties of this program is we are talking a loti about cizen science, so this is something that the viewers can do from home, from their backyard, from the park down the street, and actually contribute to collecting the data of spring. >> so give me an example. >> so one of my favorite ones y let's is a rainy day

outside and you don't even want to go outside you watch bird cam labs and you can watch this bird nest and document the behaviors. >> and that's helpingcientists and also ones where you can watch a flower and document all of thnative bee species because there are, i think, something like 4,000 across america, native bee species. >> and we only think of theyb honeee. >> we only think of the honeybee so understanding when these things are coming t and really fun activities you do with youmr and friends and that is helping us answer that bigha question is ofis climate change doing to spring? >> what are you most excited about? you are an entomologist by training? if something happens in a small insect level that triggers spring? >> to me it has been a long winter, i cannot wait to get out ere and just see butter flies flying again, for me those are the moments that really amine excite me. >> phil torres with america spring live you can watch thetu programs on monday, tuesday and wednesday nights. thank you so much. >> thank you.

>> >>t,reenivasan: finally toni a passing of note, former indiana republican senator richard lugar died today. he was first elected to the u.s. senate in 1976 and was re- elected six times-- making him indiana's longest-serving mber of congress. as a member and chair of the foreign relations committee, lugar frequently collaborated with democrats to pass arms reduction agreements. edchard lugar was 87-years-old. that's all for thiion of" pbs newshour weekend." i'm hari sreenivasan. thanks for watching. have a good night. ca ioning sponsored by wnet captioned by media access group at wgbh.w acceh.org >> pbs newshour weekend is made possible by: bernard and irene schwartz. sue anedgar wachenheim iii.

peton melvin. the cheryl alip milstein family. dr. p. roy vagelosnd diana t. vagelos. the j.p.b. foundation. rosalind p. walter. barbara hope zuckerberg. corporate funding is provided by mutual of america-- designing custized individual and group retirement products. that's why we're your retirement company. additional support has been provided by: and by the corporation for publicroadcasting, and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. be more. pbs.

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