> frontline-tonight on >> it will not beth long before e will be no first-hand survors alive. >> ding the holocaust... >> i saw the word auschwitz... >> the doors opened... terror h us immediately. >> narrator: they were just children then... >> how many people have seen gas chamber in action? >> narrator: now, they are the last generation to have witnessed the horror first hand. >> i remember looking at the flames and thinking, "which is my mother?" >> i haven't been able to cry because i thk crying would have no end.me thry's strong for all my

family. >> that's the problem being a survivor, everything tends tof remind youmething. >> narrator: tonight - rare and intimate stories from, "the last survivs." >> we are thlast ones. you want to hear? here it is. >> frontline is made possible by contributions to your station from viewers like you. thank you. and by the corporation f public broadcasting. major support is provided by thn . and catherine t. macarthur foundation, committed to buildina more just, verdant and peaceful world. more information at macfound.org. the ford foundatio working with visionaries on the frontlines of social change worldwide. f dfoundation.org. additional support is providedfo by the abramdation, committed to excellence in journalism. the parkoundation, dedicated to heightening public awareness of critical issues. the john and helen glessner family trust. supporting trustworthy

journalism that inrms and inspires. and by the frontline journalism fund, with major support from jon anda hagler. and additional support from laura debonis and scott nathan.a >> nr: most survivors of the holocaust who are still alive today were just childrenen when they wereto concentration camps. for decades, many were unable or willing to speak about their experiences. this film tells some of their stories. >> sitting in the car comi here, it began to dawn on me that this would be a first for

me. and i wasn't quite sure just what i had let myself in for. i did feel a little nervous, yes. i'm here today to record some testimony of my experiences during the holocaust. time is marching on and it will not be long before there will be no first-hand survors alive. and it is important record this testimony as evidence for future gerations. >> why did i survive while my parents and my brother didn't? t and i feel i have k. i'm glad that now i can do it, but fo50 years, i couldn't.

>> there are some people who are unable to speak about their experiences. and i can well understand. but it's n possible to, to actually to... to reject the st. >> i can't really communicate with others properly because they don't know what i'm talking about. i mean, how many people have their parents murdered or, or seen a gas chamber in action? it has affected me, yes. (birds chirping, wings flapping) >> would you like a cup of coffee? >> that would be lovely. >> frank, can you put the kettle on? oh, dear, this is marvelous. (cynthia laughing) >> we have divided our work, and my wife cooks, i shop, i washdo

up, and my wif the garden. and i'upstairs sending emails or getting ready for talks and things like that. >> was there a point where yount to go over the details of what frank had experienced? >> no. >> did you talk about that together? >> n it just came out gradually. we saw the film, at the end of the war, they showed us a film of belsen being libed,di 't they? and that, that came as a shock. and that was, that was bad enough. and i still think people-- well, certainly this generation-- haven't got a clue. (printer whirring) >> we start in may 1942, that's en the class picture was probably taken.

that's me. >> what do you cl this picture-- they're all classmates? >> i call it "red for dead," whsh is pretty crude, but i to the point. i took this photo, i put numbers against each child, and if you take number one, that is pick hanus, he was born on the 21st of january, 1929. he was sent on from the ghetto, he was sent to auschwitz, he did not survive. and that of his transport of 2,038 people, 144 survived. number nine, kurz edita-- very pretty girl, i think i had a crush on, on her, but from adi stance. was sent to auscitz, did not survive. >> it's a tragic photo, really,

isn't it? >> yes, it is. and not only is it they died, but they obviously had no descendants, they never lived a, a life at all, they were murdered for no particular reason. but you've got to just wear blinkers. you just can't afford to get too involved. >> why not? >> well, because you wouldn't do it-- you couldn't. (stammering) i would be-- i would be sitting here crying my eyes out. (children playing in distance) >> i thought as a child that my mother was very beautiful, i always admired her.

before the war, she decide toee take me toilm, to the cinema, and that was my first experience. (upbeat music playing, tapping) and i member it was shirley temple. i remember her dancing, and imb er her curly hair. when i arrived in the cinema, and it bece dark, and i was a bit frightened by the darkness. (singing, music fading) >> before the outbreak of war, we used to get all kinds oip gossbout the darkness out inere. so we didn't like out. when my mum occasionally, very rarely, left us-- my brother and myself-- we went under the table, 'cause we were fearful of what might happen. (birds crping, dog barking) (mower whirring)

>> my mother and her fatr on their holidays. when you think what, whawas about to happen, it's kind of surreal. mother gave this to me on christmas day, and at the time i was really disappointed, because thought, "what sort of a christmas present is this?" she wrote us a letter and this is the letter. "dear children, i have written and compiled this document with one thought in my mind, namely that i'm dedicating it to you and to your children. we have never talked much about those dark days, and how itut came abohat you do not have any grandparents. at what point does one start thexplaining to one's chil there are people in the world who had their ideology the total annihilation of jews and

other undesirables by murdering them in the most sopicated manner?" >> but this is not family conversation, that sort of thing, you know. would you talk to your children about things like that? no, exactly. exactly, i mean, yeah. who can make sense of it? there's no sense in hing that happened. i wanted to have a normal life, so the holocaust doesn't fit in there.n' you know, i dot want to be pitied or whatever. no, it's different times now. and hopefully we don't... revert too much into disaster again. >> are you feeling all right, enjoying lunch? >> yeah, well, i'm not mad on the vegan business.

>> yeah, i thought it was delicious. >> yeah, it's delicious. ta now, i was interested t to the two of you about what kind of role you feel maya has ggoing forward after you'e in terms of... >> maya has more of a role thant thrs, because she's very interested in the second- generation trauma. >> what do you feel that second- generation trauma is? >> that you must not ask me. y th must ask her. >> no, but, no... >> i don't know what the trauma is. >> but i guess you raised the second generation, so maybe you were a witness to... >> no, i'm, i'm rry. i am not-- i will not elaborate on second-generaon... to me, anybody who's got a roof over their head and enough foodt forg trauma, you know? >> but that's a really important answer. a lot of my difficulties were to do with trauma. why was i so disturbed? why was i cking my face when i was two?el >> yeah, i can answer

that-- because your mother was always absent. >> but the reason you were always absent was because of the holocaust. she will have kind of-- well, she did sort of project into me this, this sort of feeling, an idea that, yes, there was something wrong with me, there was really something wrong with me, and well, you know... why couldn't i bgrateful that no one was trying to kill me or... at least i had parents, anso on and so forth. so, there was absolutely... there was... there, there was no connecting going on in terms of, this was my history and this was... nothing at all.ly absoluothing. >> do you think being the child of a survivor can be probletic? >> i'm sure. i'm sure. >> in what ways? >> well, i think, i'm sure i'm, i was a problem to them because i can never at people need absolutely for their happiness.

t have provided for them w think is necessary for survival, you know? (birds chirping) t i'll start you off with a little one, around back. yeah. right, this one , uh... it's called "awakening." >> the face-- very skeletal. >> um... nn what am i say to that? >> just an observation. >> yeah. well, is it skeletal? i suppose it is, yeah. shall we move on? when i was six years old, i

thought that i'm gonna be a doctor and heal people. and it wasn't till i faced the reality of that, that it occurred to me that, y know, if i went into medicine, and i would be dealing with ad people, corpses, and so i didn't t way. i wanted to give life to things. maybe this is a sort of rather curious way of recreating life in sculpture, trying to resurrect these corpses, as it were, which is a crazy idea. i still don't know exactly what ppened to my father. i know he was taken to auschwitz. my fantasy is that, you know, maybe he was the sort of person that got killed trying tono escape, i, i'vdea. and so it's always been a struggle, u know-- how do you

deal with that loss and my need to somehow bring my father back to life? g) (birds chirp >> people that don't know will, will say, "oh, yeah, no, maurice's sculptures, they're, they're him, aren't they? they, they represent him." and, but actually it's not-- it represents his father. have you seen the photograph of his father? that is the head of all of maurice's sculptures. because maurice does look terribly similar to that. they just think it's him, but it's... that is, you know, look at those cheekbones, look at that nose. >> i'm not one of these artists who are dying to get into the studio and make the next thing. it's always been a, a le, in a way, to get around myin ial feelings about making a sculpture. i mean, i have to go back to

when i was in the camp and, and i had... my little sister was born there, and uh... she was coming up for her first birthday, and, um... i mean, so, as you can imagine, there wasn't somewhereu where uld go and get presents and things, and food was very tight, you know, very hard to get hold of. and anyhow, itas, it was coming up for her birthday, and i'd found a, a carrot, which was a bit bent, and i made it into a little boat, i'd put lile sticks for masts in i and i was gonna give this to her for her birthday. and i-- you know, i was, what, five-and-a-half or something, and i kept asking my mother, you know, "is it her birthday now?" and it wast. and, "soon," and, "not now, -uon." so, this, this buito when her birthday was, when i could give her her present,

she di't get there. she didn't make it to her birthday, you know-- she died and i couldn't give her this present. and years later, when i had therapy, you know, the therapist said, "well, this was your first sculpture, and in a way, that's stayed with you ever since," you know. and consequently, i've put down the fact that it was always a struggle for me, although i wanted to make sculpture, you know, it was never a lovelyce experi it was a struggle, it was a torment. >> your sister, what was she called? >> milly. you know, more or less after my grandmother-- my grandmother's name was emilia, and she wasmy calledittle sister was called milly. in belsen, when people died, i mean, i remember takinthem out. i mean, it was bizarre, you

know, ju in the morning, you know, you get up and there'd be a dead body there. so, what do you do? when my little sister died, clara, my older sister, tells me she took her out and put her on the heap, you know? >> children grew up on experiences. some of the experiences which may have been horrifying to adults were just part of life. but once we were incarcerated in the camps, i think we tended to ow up pretty fast. both i, who was in the men's camp, and my mother, who was separate in, in the women's camp, were both selected to be moved, at the same time to

the same camps. so we spent the whole war together and we were liberated together. so, my mother survived, as i did. my younger brother, who was four years younger, he almost certainly did not survive. i'm saying almost because, to this day, we do not know his fate. he just disappeare i, as a 13-year-old, had to go out and do sort of a day's slave labor, but he was four years younger and he was permitted to stay in the camp. one day we came home from work, and he and three other young kids who were allowed to stay in the camp had disappeared. mring the day, they had been picked up by some bers that had orders to pick them up, and since then, he appears to have vanished from te of the earth. >> sed camera reported ahead

>> you always held onto a small hope that he might have survived. >> yes, yes. but... it doesn't look like it. >> exit to the left onto junction to b550. >> there was a point in, in my development where i went through a quite severe crisis of faith. i was really torn between believing in a god, and t to believe gbe just and righteous, and at the same time reflecting on the horrors and injustices which i and millions of others suffered. i could not reconcile it. (praying quietly) and i began to doubt thee existe a god. but i looked around me and it became clear to me, crystal-

clear, that there had to be a god, an almighty creator, and i concluded the almighty has gen us finite minds which just cannot comprehend the events we went through. and therefore, it must have been the almighty's will that we do not understand, that we do believe in him purely through faith, not logic, and on, on that basis, i have remained a faithful and believi jew. (praying quietly) >> when you come here and stand over your parents' graves and think of them, do you also think of your brother? >> i do.ar one of miraculous reunions where members of the family find each other after 60 years or more, by pure chance.

and therefore... i have never recited anyr memorial pra his behalf,al ys making myself believe that maybe he's still alive. but i certainly think of him when i stand there in front of my parents' grave, yes. >> what was his name? >> his name was hermann. hermann goldberg. >> after the war, because i didn't see my mother, i had this fantasy that perhaps she did survive by some miracle, and that she was in one of thosesp ced people's camps. now, the fact that i neverent to look for her testifies to

the fact that i knew she wasn't aliv but i somehow needed to keep her alive in my mind, in my fantasy, so that i didn't actually have to deal with this terribleha trauma that shbeen gassed. i wrote a poem about it once when i was at a very low point in my life.it as very short, it said, "mummy, who held your hand when you were dying who closed your eyes when youwe dead?" >> i d meet my father in auschwitz, surprisingly enough. but... i feel so sad, that i remember r'lking with him, holding my hand and my brothand, and was talking to my brother.

he hardly said anything to me. and i felt as though i wish i could ask him or talk to him. but then i thought to myself,av what must hefelt, holding my hand, 12 years old there, not being able to protect him? >> and those were the last moments you shared together? >> yeah. yes. right, we're gonna be going for a nice long walk-- now, you behave yourself, all right? (exhales) i was in a satellite camp of dachau in germany in 1945, february. my birthday is in february, and i was bar mitzvahed, which mean you were 13 years ol and i remember going to the barbed wire, across the border in the forest-- the camp was cut out from a forest-- and seeing the birds fly by, and thinking

to myself, speaking to god,as said, "p god, please, god, let me, let me get out of this hellhole, solutely naked, and i'll never ask another thino from youyour life." and as you could seegod answered my prayer, but i'm afraid i still keep on talkingsk to god andg for further, for further, further help. but, of course, that's the problewith being a, a survivor: everything tends to remind you of somethin seeing the trees right at the edge of the forest and the sunshine, it's very, very clr to me. (birds chirping) (bell tolling) it's a lovely room, isn't it? lovely views. >> beautiful. >> i'm usually making my usual jokes, when, the first time i

came to poland, i didn't have this room. >> no, i know. we, we're gonna see today, aren't we? your arrival at auschwitz. >> well, that's, that's supposed to have been the, the purpose oi the y. >> it's not a holiday is it, dad? >> i mean, wel exactly, it's a... you're right, you're so right. >> can you remember the first time you heard about what had ppened to ivor as a little boy? >> uh, mum told me when i wasye tes old. um... i, i just remember goingnto a corner of the room and just sobbing my heart out. and from that moment on, i did not feel i was able to go to him when i was upset, because i didn't want to, and, and it-- and it was also, mum would often say, as well, she would-- she would say, you know, "don't upset dad," you know, "dad's been through enough." i do understand, and i'vet accepted twon't be able to

release my demons because i n't until he has. that's what i'm hoping i'll get from today. >> i certainly don't feel the need to go back to auschwitz. i was at the conference in krakow.s and i wastaying in a hotel and thl,e was a notice in the ho "sightseeing tours to the salt mines and to auschwitz." now, that really offended me, that it's become a sightseeing event. a lot of people have taken their children to see auscitz. i think perhaps maybe beuse it's easier to show it to them than talk abt it. t

>> whas the trip like? about six to eight days, i suppose. many of us babies and children died along the way. there was no water to drink. i just huddled up to my mum. "it will be over soon. keep hopg." (train rattlg) (brakes hissing) >> every morning, the train stopped and they used to throw out dead bodies. how can a child of 14... hope people should die so he'll have more room where to sit down? what has become of me? eventuallyone early morning, the train stopped.ro thh the slits of the truck, i saw the word auschwitz. i don't know what it meant, even-- auschwitz?

didn't he a clue. >> none of us jews actually who had been transported could realize what was awaiting. evil rages, evil rules and this was totally alien to our minds. so we just hugged eaer, closely. (train wheels squealing) >> papa, is that-- is this all how it was, or have they redone the wires? >> no, we didn't, we didn't,th because trains, you see, the train came in here. >> and all these electric wires? >> yesoh, yes. >> is that how it was? ho yes, yes, yes, this is it was. >>y remember the arriving v clearly, when the doors opened up. and the terror and the aggression hit us immediately, and the shouting, "get out!"

(saking german) the germans were waiting. you know? >> yeah, but i, i kind of feel that i need you to-- i need you be there with us. >> oh, i see, okay, right, yeah. >> do you mind? >> no. no. >> there was a hungarian- speaki victim, warning us, quietly, "don't say u're younger than 15 years old," and i just nodded, not understanding why. that was what saved me from being sent to the gas chamber on arrival. we had been so traumatized by

then, i think i had the ability to express myself.ni we were dehumad from the beginning of arrival in auschwitz. >> oh, my god, the size of it, huh? jesus christ. oh, my god. >> is, is this actually real though, from... >> yes. >> oh. >> well, you can imagine, for four days, being on a train like that, with 70, 80 people, we arrived to weather like this, absolutely stifling hot, and of course, as the train stopped, german guards kept og past, "any, any sick people onboard?"

and i remember falling down on the floor, holding my head, d then suddenly, i opened my eye, and i could see what happened. oh, there's thousands of people-- women and children one side, men the other side, kept on pointing left and right, left and right. , if it was to the left, you were going to li it was to the right, you were going straightnto the gas chambers straight from the train. and i looked pretty kind of hefty and strong, and i remember he saying...) (speaking germ which meant, "strong as a horse," and sent me to the left. >> my mother, who was worn, fatigued, anguished, she looke much older than her age-- she was in her 40s-- she w selected.

there was no parting words. there was just a hug and, "i love you." >> i didn't e my mother, but she saw me, and she broke ranks and came out, came to me, shook, my hannd went back. and then i went out and i saw flames and... i was told what they meant. and so it was then i realized at happened. and i remember standing there looking at the flames andth king, "which of the flames is my mother?"

>> suddenly i started crying, and a maput his arms on me, he said, "why are you crying?" i says, "i wanna see my mummy. i wanna see my mummy." and so he said, "oh, don't worry, d't worry. you'll, you'll see her tomorrow. you'll see her tomorrow." and i somehow-- that-- something took hold of me and i said, "you know, ivor, the game is over now. this is not a, not a... not a game anymore, this is... this is happening, rlly." looking back now, i s though the way forward is, this is whahappened. now, i gotta get up and dust myself down and carry on with life. the odd occasions which i did speak to my children about, i remember them running under the stairs and in bed crying, and i e lt as though i cannot sethe point of it all. but looking back, on the other hand, running away from it also wasn't the right way.

i'll be on the left door in one of the chairs. >> he can never move forward. he's stuck.he s quite juvenile, my father, in lots of ways, and my brother always says because he emotionally cut off whe stepped off that tin. ..n i just ask you, are yo >> what? >> this is the first time today... >> yes? >> ...you are being a bit... >> impatient. >> right, are you-- are you impatient because you're gonna miss the coach? >> no, no, i...>> r because it's too painful to go in there? >> too painful, it's both, yeah. >> no, it's not both. >> it's, it's, enough is enough. >> right. yeah. >> yeah. (ivor chuckles) (chuckling, judy crying)

>> i know it is. i know. i know it's every day, i know, dad, i know. >> good. >> but that is the, like that, yourmpatience is a bit of a let-out. >> yeah, you mean-- what do you mean? >> you're finally, for the firsn time today, shthat it's too painful. >> yeah.>> nd i can't imagine what it was like for you. >> yeah. w >> you know, ye a child. (judy crying) >> i haven't been able to cry because... (sighs) i think crying would have no end.

but the memory's there, the memory's strong. for my mother, for my father, for all my family with their many children. this is a private matter, you know? people always want to see emotions-- forget , you know? we're talking about facts here. i'm not giving people the, the pleasure to see my emotions because... no. yb >> so evy's turned against mrs. merkel because of the refugee cris, so... >> well, it brought out the last, the worst in people, that's all. it brought out the worst in people. >> in germans, you mean? >> that's why there is a nazi party again here, because they never ally disappeared.

>> yeah, yeah, and what is it like for you to be talking to people who are obviously in no way accountable?>> t's important but... unfortunately in a miniature, a miniature way. >> miniature? what do you mean? >> well, because, i mean, how many people can you affect? ..'s like throwing a stone in the water and hopi >> yeah, but that is-- that is in a way the, the only way anything changes. >> yeah. >> it has to start somewhere. >> wolfgang schäuble (speaking german (birds chirping)

>> for neo-nazis, this is a complete eyesore. people who hate jews anyway find lyemselves with-- saddled with something so unsig (speaking german): the only thing that i know which has struck everybody is that mrs. merkel-- who is a nderful lady-- made this unbelievably generous gesture to open the frontiers and letting in thousands of people which the germans... can't really deal with. and i think it brought out the worst in theermans again. (speaking german):

in the recent election, a party got in, alternative for gerdany-- one could use the fascist. we're really talking about the thousands-of-year-old virus called anti-semitism that was only waiting to come out somewhere. >> what do you worry could come of that? i don't know how to put it in words-- i mean, hopefully not another holocaust, you know? i mean, it's not healthy. (lighter clicking) (speaking german):

(applause) i must say, if anydy hated anybody, i hated the germans. even to hear the german language. i really hated the germans-- i despised tm, i hated them. i'm trying to build bridges,. that's a and as long as i can do it, i'll do it, and that's all there is to it. >> wherever you are looking, it's a very unsettled world we live in. europe, america... the middle east. everywhere things are brewing. and it's very sad.

we could live in peace. and we don't even attempt to. >> my father came to the u.k. he war brokefore out under duress-- he had to leave without his family. after we were liberated, he sens photograph of hermann, my little brother. i contacted an artist to paint this painting of my brother from the small photograph and pay him in english cigarettes.'s and thow this came about, and i presented it to my mother on her first birthday after r liberation. last july, i was contacted by an orgazation in our hometown

with a view to placing some stolperstein of our family. and although, as a rule, neither my wife nor my sons would attempt to influence me, they did say, "let there be a memorial for your family, particularly for your brother." this memorial plaque will actually be an acknowledgement that i consider my little brother to have been murdered. >> are you worried about manfred? >> yes, i'm very worried about him. he's going to be meeting german people and he's going be on german soil. this is the first time, , since he left in 1946. he swore he'd never go back, he said he'd never-- he'd never been back to germany. maybe that will help him to sort

of come to terms. maybe. >> i was standing by the desk and a message came up. (speaking rman) "we wish you a very pleasant stay in kassel." i, i thought back to when we lived here. they didn't wish us a very pleasant stay in kassel then, did they? it must have been around 1937. my father had taken a day off, w and it was whiwere walking home that we came across an enormous crowd of people. people were telling us that hitler is going to drive by. my father stopped, and we waited patiently. i remember my father lifting me

onto his arms, so that i could actually look over the heads of the people in front, and i actually caught a glimpse of a limousine going by with hitler standing in there waving, or, ig think, dis heil hitler salute. >> did you and your father salute back? >> my father may well have done inrder not to stand out. (people shouting, clamoring) 72 years since i was in kassel. ♪ (woman singi wordlessly) here you are, müllergasse, look. yeah, this was our street. (woman continues singing) (woman singing yiddish lullaby) a

(singing and gcontinue) (singing wordlessly) (lyrics resume)

(speaking german):

(praying in hebrew) hermann goldberg, sohn von rosa und baruch goldberg. (bell tolling) it certainly touched me. remarkably, it has now been publicly and officially,

incontrovertibly, indisputably... confirmed. >> i could have been a miserable, depressing character that, "ooh, you know, i've had an awful start in life, woe is s," but i've taken the opposite view in a sense, ad, you know, "you tried to wipe me out, but it didn't happen, so here i am andake note." my son made an observation, and he said, "you know, your father would have wanted you to enjoy your life and be happy." and i think he, he was right in making that observation.

the struggle i've had, um... is partly to do with, um... well, i'm sure you're familiar s with tt of guilt of surviving that many-- not just survivors of the holocaust, but mafu people have survived aw elagedies of one thing or another that they uilty about, um, having survived. and i, i suppose what my son was saying, "don't feel bad." (voice breaking): and, uh... yeah, i think he's right.th k... you know, don't, don't... don't feel bad about surviving. >> when i came to england, iot

used to that some people referred to foreigners aa "bloody foreigner," and that doesn't bother me at all.ca yocall me a bloody hungarian, i just smile. if y call me a bloody jew, i kick your teeth out. that's how it affected me. >> it's not a estion of whether you carry it, but whether it interferes with your developing any further. it's almost as if perhaps they will stop remembering their family. and that's as if it's a betrayal of the people who they've lost. >> i've lost so many members of my family. i suppose to, to go forward, i t needuh... um... to look ahead.

i could be irresponsible now. (laughs) i try not to be, but i read a poem. it, it says, "the dog is dead, the car is sold, go on, livey. foolis and i thought to myself, "you got it right." (laughs) (upbeat rock sonplaying) i've always had to kind of look after myself. i was a grownup from the beginning. (rock song continues) >> you want to hear? here it is. and i encourage youn to ask, because we are the last ones. when we've gone, finished.

then it's all history books. wn (places glass anything else? >> go tor pbs.org/frontline more on education about thefo holocaust and s to preserve first-hand accounts of it. >> if was to the left, you were going to live. to the r were going into the gas chambers. >> i encourage youngsters to ask because we are the last ones. >> and explore " archive of films on the holocaust. >> i was five when i was smuggled out of the rsaw ghetto. >> connect to the frontline community on facebook, twitter, and pbs.org/frontline. >> new tariffs announced by the trump administration on chinese exports. >> narrator: the u.s. - china rivalry... >> ...china ispu now hing back... >> the chinese used licies inconsistent with free and fair trade. >> we're not in a trade war. we're in a techonomic war. >> narrator: frontline and npr amvestigate what's at stake.

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>> in wartime, you had submarines sinking shipping all along the florida coast. >> boca raton was, basically, a dot on a map. en the army air corps came down to look for sites, they saw this airport, they saw the ocean, they saw how isolated it was, and so they decided this might be the place. >> "drop everything you're doing. come work on this secret war projec" >> they wanted nobody to know what was going on here, an in fact, nobody did. >> it's an astounding story. ♪ [ westminster bells chiming >> the war had gone b