captioning sponsored by newshour productions, llc >> nawaz: good evening, i'm amna nawaz. judy woodruff is away. on the newshour tonight, the ortion divide-- the alabama state senate votes to enact the nation's most restrictive abortion law while vermont moves to enshrine abortion rights in its constitution. then, former supreme court justice john paul stevens discusses his career, the future of the judiciary and what he thinks are the court's worst decisions. pl, on the leading edge of science-- how some activists are using artwork to convey the challenges of climate and to persuade ordinary people to take action. >> art has this very special ability to tap into peoples' emotions, and people take action and decisions based on their emotions more than anything else. >> nawaz: all that and more on

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>> nawaz: tensions between thend u.s.ran have prompted new diplomatic and military moves to it follows washington's warnings of unspecified thrdats by iran. the state department ordered non-essential government staff out of neighring iraq. and, germany and the netherlands halted military training missions in iraq. but in berlin, german officials also issued a veiled warning about intensifying u.s. sanctions on iran. >> ( translated ): because maximum pressure always carries the risk of an unintendedwe escalation theertainly do not need one thing at the moment: an additional fuse. and that is why we will do hing we can to ensure th this does not happen. >> nawaz: in wasngton, house speaker nancy pelosi also warned against any miscalculation. house democrats quoted her as saying the u.s. has to avoid a war. and new jersey senator bob menendez said the white house must not take military action without approval from ngress

he declared a national emergency to protect the u.s. telecommunications system. it refers to "foreign adversaries" without mentioning any by name. the president already banned chinese company huawei. this new order authorizes the blockage of others. two teenagers accused of opening fire at their colorado school were formally charged today with murder and attempted murderen one student,ick castillo, was killed in the attack on may 7th, after he tackled one of the shooters. a large crowd attended his memorial service today in suburban denver. and hundreds of jeep owners joined in honoring castillo, who was fond of off-roading in his own jeep. california fire authorities are blaming an electricaarcompany for ng last year's deadly camp fire. cal fire said pacific gas and electric company-owned power lines ignited the fire i november that fire killed 85

people in paradisearnd destroyed 1500 homes. san francisco is now the first city in the country to ban police from using facial recognition software. rsviboard ofsoer s pr tap departnts must receive approval to buy or use any surveillance system. supervisor aaron peskin and tehers argued facial recognition technology thr civil liberties and privacy. >> is psychologically unhealthy when people know they're being watched in everpu aspect of thic realm, on ote streets, in parks. that'she kind of city i want to live in. >> nawaz: opponents of the ban said the technology makes it cheaper and faster for police to find suspects and identify missing people. there's more fallout in the opioid scandal. cee metropolitan museum of art in new york annotoday it will take no more money from the billioniaire sackler family. they allegedly racked up he

profits from oxycontin, made by the family-owned purdue pharma, and they now face multiple lawsuits. several other museums have taken similar actions. the number of babies born in the united states has reached a 32- year low. the centers for disease control and prevention r jorts there wet under 3.8 million births last year. and, birth rates for women in their teens and 20s reached record lows. u.s. births peaked in 2007, at 4.3 million, but have been dropping since then, partly as ldwomen choose to have chin later in life. on wall street today: the dow jones industrial average gained nearly 116 points to close at 25,648. the nasdaq rose 87 points, and e s&p 500 added 16. and, at the vatican today, eight migrant children, from syria, a nigeria and congo, took ide in the pope-mobile. they waved as the vehicle made its way around st. peter's square at pope francis' weekly general audience.

some even took selfiesith him. the pope has clashed with the italian government over its strict curbs on acceing migrants. still to come on the newshour: the white house announces a new immigration plan with the aim of unifying rublicans the alabama state senate votes to enact the nation's morist reive abortion law how some activists are using art to motivate their fellow citizens to fight climate change, and much more. >> nawaz: president is returning to a familiar issue-- immigration. he is slated to deliver a speech on a new plan tomorrow. tonight, our yamiche alcindor is at the white house and was just briefed on what we cant. yamiche, you have just come from the white house. so, what do we expt t the presid say tomorrow? >> well, this is really the

president saying he wants the change everything about the immigration system stands now and really overhaul it despite concerns by democrats nd republicans. so i want to walk you through his plan. the first changes are to the legal immigration system. he wants first focus on keeping the numbers of immigrants the same in the united states but changing the composition. so to look at that, he's going to be focused on marriage and skills. the caveat is he will cut the number of immigrants coming here with family ties from 56% to 33%. at's half the number of people. he also wants to cut in half the number of people coming here with humanitarian ties and asylumeyeekers. ant to go from 22% to 10%. lastly they want to increasehe number of people coming on skills visas from 12% to 55%. really focusing on skills. there he also wants to simplify emthe visa syst. he's looked at other countries like australia and canada. he wants to make it quicr to get a visa to the united states. the second big portion of this is a big border security bill. in that, the president wants to keep his signature campaign

promise, which is building a border- on theilding a wall on the southern border. he also wants to modernize porty of ecross the united states and specifically at the southern border. to do that he wants the look at new technology and people smuggling drugs into the united states. he also wants to, interestingly enough, unify families separated by the trump administration that's, of course, the white house essentially saying we want to be able to take all the familieshat we had separated and really identify them and put them together. the caveat there is that courts have already been telling the trump administrationthey have to do that, and democrats say while they're happy t see at in the plan, they think that's something the courts were going to make them do anyway. the big things that aren included, daca, which focuses on immigrants brought here a minors by adult, and also temporary protected status,ar whicimmigrants who dame because of natural disasters. there is also no plan for millions and millions of undocumented immigrts who are already living in the united states. republicans would say that's no amnesty, democrats would say there is no pathway to

citizenship. >> nawaz: less than 30 second, yamiche. does this plan have any way of moving forwrough congress? >> the simple answer is it's dead on arrival in cons.gr democrats, they have beelln g me this is not a plan. they have been saying it's not serious. republicans, especially graham, an ally of the, presides been saying this plan isn't supposed to be-to-become law, and susan collins says unless there are dreamers included in this, she won't be able to support it either. y >> nawaziche with the very latest from the white house. thanks, yamiche. >> thanks. >> nawaz: with new conservative tions to the u.s. suprem court, more and more states are passing laws meant to test the limits of roe-versus-wade. the latest? alabama, where last night tst ate senate passed the most re trictive abortion bill in country. inside the alabama senate techamber: four hours of h debate...

>> when that unborn child becomes a person and we need legal guidance on when that is. es but that's not your bus you don't have to do anything for that child, but you want to make the decision for that woman that that's what she has to do. i want to make the decision for that child. >> nawaz: outside the state tsuse: dozens of protesters... >> when repro-rire under attack, what do we do?ta >> up, fight back! >> nawaz: ...all of it culminating with an overwhelming "yes" 26 to 6 vote... >> house bill 314 passes. >> nawaz: ...and the nation's most-restrictive abortion bill. alabama's h.b. 314 would ban almost every abortion at every age of pregnancy. a would make it a felony for doctors to perfortions-- they could face up to 99 years in prison. the bill has no exceptions forof caseape or incest-- only when t mother's health is at risk. alabama's bill is the latest

attempt to limit aenrtion accese justice brett kavanaugh joined the supreme court. since october, ten states have passed some form of restrictions, that ranm fetal heartbt bills banning ortion after six weeks, to requiring that fetal tissue be buried or cremated alabama's republican governor kay ivey says she wants to review the bill before diding its fate, but the bill's advocates expect her to sign it. the new law is scheduled to goix into effect inonths, but will almost certainly be blocked by the courts before then. all this puts alabama on potential path to supreme court and the landmark roe versus wade decision that legalized abortion nationwide man 45 years ago. now, we take a look at how two states efforts, alabama and vermont, to enact new and opposing abortion laws. i'm joined by brian lyman, a political reporter at the "montgomery advisor." he's in montgomery, alabama. anne galloway, editor of the v.t. digger joins us from burlington.

and via skype, mary ziegler.w she's a ofessor at florida state university and author of several books on abortion and politics, including "after roe: the lost history of thabortion debate." welcome to all of you. thank you for being here.ar brian, let's with you where we left off in the piece. in alabama, the most restrictive abortion ban in the country. from your reporting, what do wue know awhy that bill was crafted the way that it was? >> there is only within reason this bill was written the way it sas: the supporter they are trying to mount a direct challenge to roe v. wade. they believe that this law will create a legal challenge that they will probably loin the lower courts but they think they ren appeal this all the way to the u.s. s court, and they think with the current make-up nk the supreme court, they thi they can get roe overturned. >> nawaz: mary ziegler, give us a little bit of context here. alabama is asnot alone inng

some of these restrictions. a number of states have been making numbers over a number of years. what kinds of bills and restrictions have been making their way through state >> sure.ures? so i think this is more of a long shot if you're looking at what the court is actually likely to do. we have seen so-calledeartbeat bills, including one passed in georgia, all of which ban abortion at rohly the sixth week of pregnancy. we have also sign more incremental legislation thatfo tends ts on later abortion, including laws that ban abortion on 20 weeks on the grounds ofetal pain prevention. we've seen laws banning violation and evacuation, the most common second trimester procedure. and there are some ses in front of the supreme court right now including a law passed in indiana when mike pence was the governor. >> nawaz: i want to be clear, mary ziegler, a number of these incredibly restrictive bills that have been pushed more recently, are any of them in llace on the ground? >> no,f them have either

been blocked by a court or have note gone into ect. we wouldn't expect any of them to go into effect or not be allenged in a court,so we're really in the talking about any of these laws being enfrced in the near future. >> nawaz: anne galloway, let's talk about vermont n. we have talked a lot about abortion restrictions that have been going into place. it's activity on the other d of t spectrum in vermont. there's two legislative efforts on the table. tell us what they do and how they would change current abortion law in vermont? y , right now vermont law is silent on abortion. th re are notrictions or permissions in place. lawmakers have proposed legislation that passed overwhelming in both the hou and senate and that republican governor phil scott has pledged to sign. this state statute would give ssanket protection for abortion accross the state. at the same time, lawmakers have put forward constitutional amendment that over the long term would pride more

permanent protection for a woman's right to choose. >> nawaz: both a state law and a came effort under way. why both? >> well, that's because lawmakers are very nervous about the conservative majority on the u.s. supreme court, and the potential for the overturning of roe v. wade. they really are developing contingency plans should thate han. and they're really belt anden surring it here. the state statute gives temporary protection. they'rworried about a conservative governor down the road who might put rule making in place that could gut funding for abortions in vermont or that could restrictth abortionugh insurance plans and that kind of thing. so long tm they feel a constitutional amendment is the best way to enseure that wn are able to access abortions in the future. >> nawaz: mary ziegler, we hear a lot about the restrictions that are being put to place. is vermont alone in these kind of efforts?

are there other states that have been pushing through, trying too enshrinections for abortion rights? >> yeah, new yk obviously is probably the best known because its reproductive health act attracted so much controversy. ten other states already have protections for abortion rights on their statute books or in their sta constitutions. other state courts are introducing protections, for example, the ksupreme court recently issued a decision strongly protecting abor that state's constitution. other states are considering measures now, including ne mexico, so we probably have not seen the end of efforts like the ones in vermont to kind of create a world in which abortion is protected in some states after roe is gone.k >> nawaz: so b alabama, brian, the republican legislators who voted for this did not include any exception for rape or incest in this. so they did that only with the assumption that thiaw would never actually go into place, is

that right? >> the supporters of the bill are arguing this is purely a legal challenge to roe v. wade. and they have kindf tried to hedge the effects of this bill by arguing that if roe weree overturned, ate could come back and do its own abortion law which couldde incluxceptions for rape and insist. the problem is -- well, there are two problems. one isat alabama last fall approved a constitutional amendment that said there was no right to an abortion in the alabama constitution, which seems like it would make it more diffult to address these exceptions in a post-roe world. the other issue here is that l thislature overwhelmingly voted to keep those rape and insist exceptions out of the bill, and these were not close votes. so it's very hard to see how this current legislature at the very least would want to take up this issue again after voting so overwhelmingly to notnclude

exceptions for sexual assault in this bill. >> nawaz: anne, very quickly, we saw a lot of the protests outside othe alabama state house, the push back against the restrictions. has there been any pushback in vermont against the effort to protect abortion right there? >> yes, there has been push back from the vermont right o life committee and from bishop christopher coin, the head of the catholic church here in vermont, but lawmakers overwhelmingly passed the abortion rights legislation that i mentioned earlier, and there were republicans and democrats alike who bacd it, and in point of fact 70% of vermonters in a recent pew research poll said that they supported a woman's right t choose. so there is broad level support here. it's not a politically polarizing issue as it is in other states. >> nawaz: mary ziegler, this is the $1 million question now.

all these restrictive efforts that he been going into place, is it a question of if or when one of these will get supreme court? >> i think it is a question of when the supreme court will reconsider roe v. wade. i don't think it's anything like a sure thing that the supreme court will ever consider one of the extreme laws. i think it's telling that you have figures like pat robertson prming out and saying, this is too hard and the e court won't like this kind of law. we know that chief justice roberts is deeply concerned about the reputation of the supreme court and about optics, about keeping the court above the political fray or at least aparing to do so. we know that brett kavanaugh during his confirmation hearing talked a lot about respect of precedent. it would require the court toec undodes of precedent in one decision with very little advance warning that that was going the happen. that seems to be a long shot. i think we're much more likely to see the court unravel roe more slowly by unrolling a series of more incremental

decisions and offering hints at roe is not long for this world and getting rid of roe slowly, more like a death of uta thousand. >> nawaz: any sense of a time line of when that could happen? >> we don't knowco. id start soon, or the court might want the stay out of abortion altogether.s i would gun the next five years, but it's unpredictable. it's possible the c courtld uphold a law like the alabama law. i wouldn't put opinion ont t, 's not out of the question. i think we're looking at a series of judicial conditions over a number years, not something that would happen in gle next 12 months. >> nawaz: mary zi of florida panhandle, anne galloway from vermont's "vt digger" and brian lyman, thank you for being here. >> thank you. >da> nawaz: and an on this story: moments ago, alabama

governor kay ivey signed the abortion bill into law.ay >> nawaz: st with us, coming aw on the newshour: 44 states file ait against the leading generic drugmaker over price inflation. and why a few minutes of music can be a useful tool to calm students. there's no lack of images and powerful video when it com to disasters like wildfires or melting glaciers.a buir of artists are using those images in new ways, ission to war m people about what's happening too frequently to familiar landscapes. miles o'brien has this different look at the power of fire and ice for our segment on "the leading edge." >> reporter: in a small shack in the palm springs desert, and a sunlit studio on a brooklyn corner, two tists are aiming their talent at an existential crisis.>> ometimes people accuse me of being an alarmist and i say

that's exactly right. it is time to sound the alarm. any sensible adult who's responsible in any way would be sounding the alarm right now. >> reporter: for jeff frost the subject is wildfire. thtie medium is me lapse video cat. his film is "fornia on fire," an intense, horrifying creation about destr. re>> i looked at this wild situation and i thought, "well, here is a present-day effect of climate ange." people tend to not react to things unless they're actuallym happening to tght then. and i was thinking, "well, this is happening right now. it's definitely not a film that pulls any punches, whatsoever. in fact, it's full-on aggressive. >> reporter: for zaria forman, the mission is the same. >> art has this very special ability to tap into peoples' emotions, and people take action

and decisions based on their emotions more than anything else. >> reporter: her medium is pastels, and her subject is ice... vanishingce... also a story of destruction... nd a different time scale, from a different perspective. >> so, i choose specically to show the beauty of these places at the forefront of climate change as opposed to the devastation that's happening. because i want people to be inspired, to be moved, to want to protect and preserve them. >> reporter: jeff frost began his artistic journey here,ed inside abandonouses in california's salton sea. as he embellished them with inpat, he captured time lapse images. art that is as much about the process as the object. >> and on the way to one, i accintally ran into my first wild fire right out here by the wind farms. my aist brain just kind of exploded and i stopped immediately and time lapsed it

all night. i just was looking at it thinking, "i have never seen anything like thi" and it was wildly exciting, i want to do more. >> reporter: zaria forman's love of distant, fragile places is inherited. her mother, rena bass forman, was a fine art landscape photographer, obsessed with exploring and photographing the most remote places on the planet. t in 200y traveled together to greenland. for zaria, the ice offered inspiration and yet also intimidation. >> i was terrified to draw ice d i omitted it from all of my drawings. it's hard. it doesn't lend itself to very crisp, hard lines, specific details and especially white is one of the har work with.to it doesn't blend well with other colors. so, i just didgot think i was g to be capable of it to be totally honest. >> reporter: but it was impossibleo ignore this

artistic sin of omission, so she eventually embraced theng chal >> and it was this big kind of scary step, but i made my firstr ing when i got home and it didn't turn out so bad and i've been doing it ever since. >> reporter: jeff frost became equally obsessed with wildfires. he started responding to theig ones. >> the verfirst time i went to a fire, it was just massive level of anxiety and heightened alert. but once i got used to it, it became more contemplative and it became more strategized. i would take this photo that was incredibly aesthetically beautiful but then i would feel guilty because i was happy about urking a good pict and i think a lot of photo journalists probably go throu. th and eventually, i compartmentalized and strategized. so in a lot of ways, the c rategy is to pull people in with that aestheauty but then they're seeing something that's got a lot more depth than justhe surface.

>> reporter: his is constantly inaying with t clock... speeding it up, slit down... lingering on a frame. >> if you change chronologies away from real time, our experience of time as humans, it can give you the overview effect. which is the same kind of thing at you get if you were to look at space photos from the international space station. it sort of expands your mind into this wider view, and we really need that because i don't think in the evolution of our species, anything has ever developed to give us a global instinct. >> reporter: zaria forman has her own tale of overview. >> so, one day i opened this email that was in my inbox that read "dear zaria, we would love for you to come fly with us over antarctica, love nasa." and i was like "what?" >> reporter: it was the crew of nasa's "icebridge," which flies low altitude sensing missionsh over blar regions. she's flown with them several

times. a new perspecte on a familiar subject. >> i'm used to seeing it at the end stage, either at the face of a glacier where the icebergs are calving off, or the icebergs that have already broken off and are on their death bed essentially until they mlyt complen the ocean. so, it was really interesting to get to fly over the ice cap or the ice sheet and really see where all of that ice came from, and understand how it travels and how it moves and >> reporter: it is the focus of her work right now. >> i want to btrue to the landscape that existed at that point in time. i want the viewer to have as much of a recreation of the experience that i had. i want it to be real! >> reporter: the landscape depicted in "california on fir"" is grim; it ripples with tension; made palpable with a d throbbing soundtrack, coosed and perforby jeff frost himself. >> the interesting thing is that the most feedback from the firefighters themselves i've got ishis really makes you feel like you're in the middle of the

fire and you see the things thac normivilians would not see.so i would say that this probably gets as close as you're going to get. i've had a number of people thank me for, essentially, making something beautiful and something productive and artistic out of ts horror that they experienced. there are moments in this where horror is beauty. >> reporter: for zaria forman, the horror lies in the beauty that is vanishing, melting, even as she freezes it on paper. >> i think it's important to have like, come at it at all different angles, you know? like we need news, we needor the s, we need the data from the scientist. but then i think we also need beautiful images. whatever we can possibly do to change policy. i mean, we're moving in the right direction, just not fast enough. o so, i can't really go i saying like, "i'm going to change the world." i'm saying like, "look, it would be great if this was a catalyst" i think everybody has to do their thing.

i just feel like more like i'm doing my part, you do your part too and you and you and you and ody else. and they're all important. >> reporter: two artist making fine art of fire and ice. beauful, terrifying work, created to evoke and provoke. for the pbs newshour, i'm miles o' brien in palm springs and brooklyn. >> nawaz: the price of prescription drugs is a pocketbook issue that affects americans from every walk of life. much of the focus has been on the cost of brand name drugs. but, as john yang tells us, a new multi-state lawsuit alleges akmany generic drus have been artificially raising the price of their medications-- drugs used to treat everything

from minor infections to chronic ldisease h.i.v. >> yang: amna, about 90% of the prescriptions fil sd in the unittes are for generic drugs-- medications whose patents have expired. congress created t generic drug industry to drive prices down through increased competition. but a lawsuit filed by 43 states and puerto rico alleg that leading drug makers conspired to inflate the prices of more than 100 widely used generic drugs, sometimes by as much as 1,000%. connecticut attorney general william tong's office has been leading the investigation. mr. tong, thanks so much for joining us. >> john, thanks for having me. >> yang: first of al give us a sense of the scope. how much money are we talking about? >> billions of dollars. we think this is potentially the largest private sector cartel in history. what we're seeing is pervasive, widespread, industry-wide price fixing and dividing upke of m

share. >> yang: you're alleging some of the drugs involved are widely used. some of our viewers may have them in their mede icbinets right now. what are we talking about? >> so common antibiotics like doxycycline, z-packs, which i use sometimes when my kids are sick, i have a 13 year old, a ten year old, a seven year old. adults use z-packs. there are sime antibiotic creams that we use when we get a cut or a scratch. these are drugs that we using every day, and they're drugs that americans rely on to live. >> yang: and what's the evidence yo b have tok up your claim? >> so we hav text messages, e-mails. we have cooperating witnesses. we also have phone rords that show on days in which the major generic drug manufacturers increased prices, often in concert, there is a high frequency of pho calls, you know, phone calls that last for a minute, two minutes, s,five

minu5 minutes between the major generic drug manufacture centers a highly unusual way. so all of this evidence shows that there wasvet, brazen oollusion on price, and i guess what i would sayhe industry is, what part of that is not true. >> yang: to be clear, you don't know what was said in those phone conversations. you just know that they took place. somakes you suspicious? >> no, actually, we have text messages and e-mails that memorialize what happened in those phone conversations. we have chatt after the phone conversations in which people say, look, i talked to this g, i talked to that guy. it seems that this company is going the raise pri t s drug and this other company is going to follow. it's that sort of communication coupled together, the text message, the e-mails, the cooperating witnesses, again, who are telling us what's happening an these cos. and then the phone records, putting that all togeer shows a practice, an industry-wide

practice of cousion again in what is the largest corporate cartel in history. >> yang: we're going to be talking to someone from the generic drug industry after this. but one of the things that theye said befe in response to this lawsuit is that they say that oalthe price of generic drugs has been falling. how do you respond to that? >> you know, they sent out a press release, and they snt out a chart that they say shows that prices dave gonen a little bit over the last throw years, but what they don't mention is hathat the same that they put out shows there was a huge spike in pries in 2012, '13 and '14. this is what waw prices go up 1,000%, 2,000% on the drug i mentioned, doxycycline, 8,000%. ther awas just no reason for spike in prices, no market explanation. what we found is that during that time, these competitors were talking and theyere colluding. >> yang: you said some of

these texts memorialize th phone conversations. they say who they talked to. but what in specific is being said this in these text messages? >> so what they're talking abou is, you know, efforts by various drug manufacturers to raise ices. so on the one hand, you see communications about, you know teva, which is the focus of this getest complaint and the lar generic drug manufacturer in the world, that te vaill raise prices on x day, and another generic drug manufacturer, say mylan will follow. there are overt conrsations by specific manufacturers by representatives of certaino manufacturers price movements and how they will react to them. they also talk about diving up their fair share of the market iod forcing a market allocation or divisof market share by playing nice db the s with each other. so it's that kind of language reement to collude on pricet

and marketag share. >> yang: in addition to trying totop this pctice, is your lawsuit trying to get any of this money back for the consume wenters. >> yes. e trying to claw back the billions of dollars that they stole from the ameran people. through what we believe to be one of the biggestev fraudr committed on the people of this country. >> yang: cnecticut attorney general william tong, thanks so much for joining us. >> thank you, john. >> yang: the drug companies named in the lawsuit have rongly denied any wrongdoing and have pledged to vigorously defend themselves in court. chip davis is the chief executive officer of a trade group that represents the makers of generic prescription drug, the association for accessible medicines. mr. davis, thanks so much for joining us. >> thanks for the opportunities to be here. >> yang: you heard whathe attorney general said, the largest corporate cartel in history, overt brazen collusion, what's your response? >> again, thanfor having me. my initial response to what general tong said is that facts

are important here. conjecture isn't. speculation isn't. trying a case in the court of public opinion that should be tried in the courts is not the way to ensure that patients have to safe, affordable oudicine. nineof every ten prescriptions in the united states are now generic. we just released on behalf of our members a report that says that 90% of all prescription drugs are available for only 22% total cost to the healthcare prescription drug dollar.ng that's an amaalue proposition that you can't see anywhere else in healthcare. so to suggesthat an entire industry is engaged in some sort of corporate criminate caris not just a disservice to the industry, it's a disservice to the patients wely on the industry. >> yang: but he also pointed out that some o the data that the industry has pointed out showing the decrease in generic drug prices... >> sure, we put that out. >> yang: there was a spike from 2012 to 2014, which is the period they're talatng about his activity took place.

>> in your interview, it was very hard to tel general tong was talking about present day or a time period you jus tt reference 2011 to 2014 period. full candor, thated prec my time at the association. when i came it was the ja their pharmaceutical association. we're now the aam. healks about doxqcycline. now, remember, percentage price increases off of a low cost look different over a small percentage of a high-priced biologic drug. do you know what the cost is today? $14 for a $40 day is up pry. he conveniently and the other attorneys general leave out the fact there have been 37 straight months of generic price deflation in the industry in rt because of the evolution and the consolidation of healthcare buyers. lhis industry is facing rea sustainability challenges. they are not focused on clouding with each other. they're trying to figure out a way to sustain their business operation so patients can continue to benefit fom the

drugs they provide. >> yang: what about getting back to some of the specifics of wht mr. tong hadto say? he said they were able to subpoena in theirti investi text messages in which discussions about price increases and the response by a particular manufacture and then the response by the other manufactures that we'll go along, we'll play nice, they talked about accpting their fair share rather than competi. >> wel i can't comment on any of the specifics of the investigation. aam is not a party to it. what i will stipulate to is these are serious alleg tations. re is any evidence of anti-competitive behavior by a small subset of the industry, that will ultimately be born out and those individuals and the companies they work for will be held to account. but healked about roughly 100 drems if myory serves me correctly. on any given day there are over 2,000 ja nation, on the marketplace. that's 5% of the total number of generics on the marketplace today and smaller percentage of the total of 10,000 generics

that have been appred by the food and drug administration over the years. so this effort in the public domain to cast an entire industry where, and i've heard him say people wakep gosh, to their place of business and commit crime, i think that's actually irresponsible. the members that i know and the people that work there get up everday with oneission in mind: they want to make sure they can go and produce say, high-quality, fective medicines at a price that patients can afford. there is no wy you're 90% of scripts and 22% of total costs unless that is your mission. pure and sim >> yang: chip davis, c.e.o. of the association for accessible medicine. >> thank you for your time. >> nawaz: former justice john paul stevens spent 35 years on the supreme court writing some t court's most important decisions. today, at 99 years old, he's still wring and weighing in on some of the country's most controversial issues.

judy woodruff caught up with justice stevens last month and he shares his thoughts on everything from president trump to how a childhood at shaped his future views on gun ownership. >> woodruff: today john paul stevens remains one of the titans of american law, owing mostly to his long supreme court tenure, which spanned decades. even in retirement he has stayed in the public eye, bow tie and all. of freedential medal in 2012, two previous books about the court and the constitution published in 2011 an2014. as he turned 99, the retired stice has written another, the making of a justic reflections my first 94 years. and he is ong up, carefully about current affaris and even the current president. >> i am not a fan of president trump, i should say. i wouldn't try to comment on

every particular issue in which we disutagree,here are plenty of them. >> wffdruff: and hisct on the country as president? >> i don't think it's been favorable. >> woodruff: can you elaborate? >> well, thas not part of my responsibility as a judgeand i should not try to get involved in politics as a retired judge. >> woodruff: stevens' ne book of reflection begins in chicago with his family'sotel business and an encounter his father, ernest steven, had with one infamous chicagoan. there are extraordinary anecdotes in here. your father had a meetg wit al capone? >> well, he said he did, and i assume he's telling me the truth. >> woodruff: stevens writes that his father and othelhote men in the city thought it important to persuade industry groups to hold their conventions in chicago. his father and another hotel

manager paid visit toal capone, explained how chicago's hotel business might be affected if any conventioneers were robbed and asked for his help. according at myher's account, capone said he understood, and, in fact, there was not a single hold-up in chicago during the week of e convention. stevens also recalls his own home baeing ided in the winter of 1933 and a gun fired by an older brother, jim, in the aftermath. stevens wrote, "despite threatening comments and behavior by the armed intruders, a neighbor came the closest to ing a victim of a real tragedy when jim's shot so narrowly missed him." did that have an effect later in king about the judicial system? >> yes, it did. i thought about that frequently that these accidents can happen

when there are too many guns around. that reminded me of reasons to be opposed to the second amendment. >> woodruff: stevens was on the high court in 2008, dissenting when justice antonin alia and other conservative colleagues voted in a landmark case to say that the second mental does establish an individual right the bear arms. >> it's one of the three very, very bad cases. and it was particularlthy bad. e is no doubt about that. >> do you worry that that is something that is gng to stand for a long time and will continue to have repercussions in this -- >> woodruff: oh, yes, i certaiufy do. >> woo the other two rulings in that category that stevenopposed at the time and laments to this day are the pivotal bush v. gore r,i deciding the 2000 presidential election, and the landmark citizens united ruling in 2010, on campaign finance. that was during stevens' final

term. it's clear how strongly you feel that citizens united was wrongly decided. why do you think it had a corrosive effect on american politics? >> look at the amount of moni e. n't give you the figures, but millions and millions of dollars are spent on campaigns now, and oft state931q9"jrepresg money provided by residents of thher states, people in the district should b ones who decide the outcome of elections. >> woodruff: sinchis own departure, the court has not had to weigh in on a major settlement orgn campai finance case. but it has dealt several times with cases involving the death mplementation.s >> my own thinking, and it took quite a while to reach the conclusion, is the death penalty does more harm than good, it's terribly expensive, and really a pointless process. i think it accomplish very

little that can't be accomplished with a more humane punishment. >> woodruff: bu right now the court is still divided on the issue. >> yes. >>oodruff: but you believe eventually the death penalty will be done away with? >> yes. i think it certainly will. >> woodruff: today's court contains the conservve tilt that existed throughout much of stevens' tenure ansince the installation of its newest somtice, brett kavanaugh liberal groups have questioned whether some presidents like t roe v. wade ruling on abortion rights will remain. >> woodruff: it looks aif the people who feel strongly anti-abortion want the court to take this up and do away with roe v. wade. >> woodruff: well, it could happen. i just don't know what's on the agenda for other justices. t but it did seeme that that was not a very controversial topic at the ti of my appointment. nobody asked me a single question about abortion during my hearings.

later opposition became more organized and more effective. but i can't predict what's going to happen in the near future. but in the long run, it seems to me that abortion is a necessary procedure that will be recognized and will be performed lawfully. >> woodruff: as for his former colleague, stevens helped swear in the current chief justice, john roberts, in 2005. despite any ideological differences, stevens still holds roberts in high esteem. >> i trusted him implicitly and have the highest regard for him as a lawyer, and i must confess i was disappointed at some of his decisions after he came on the bench that were much more conservative than i expeoncted, buthe whole, i think he is l qualifiedy wel person. >> reporter: but in the end, most of stevens' new bk serves as an account of how he himself has managed and sometimes failed

to shape american w. >> you have a remarkable legacy on the court. you served for 35 years. what do you believe your legacy will be? >> well, that's difficult to figure out. but i wound like people to think i was an honest judge and a good judge. i always tried the reach the best result in every case. >> woodruff: justice john paul stevens, thank you for talking to us. >> thank you. i've enjoyed it. >> nawaz: living in a fast- paced, on-demand world can befu stre although many of us try to cope with the distractions, that can bs a tough task for children. fromtation wviz/ e eastream, david c. barnett brings us ory of an educational program that combines the music of thetr cleveland orchwith meditative techniques to promote a sense of calm.

it's part of our ongoing arts and culture coverage, canvas. >> reporter: chase is a third- grader at canterbury elementary in cleveland heights. he loves it when his mom cooks- up some breakfast for him before t hool. but, that doesppen very often. >> most of the time, when i wake up, e's gone to work. so, my dad has to iron my clothes and then i usually wake gt himself ready, he has t my sister ready, too. >> for the past year and a half he's been able to leave system hat stress behind when h gets to the classroom. every morning at 9:00 students mat canterbury stop forent and listen to a few minutes of cleveland orchestra music. >> it's like when you're at home, it's cold outside and you're sitting by a fireplace.

thathis this this stu was stuck in my head, it goes away. t s exercise is part of a relaxation program called mindful music momen. chase's teacher, jasmine vinson, says the whole school does it the same tie. >> >> we play it over the loudspeakers and every classroom kind of individualizes in their owssway. some claoms have where everybody in class is just centered and their eyes closed. others work on an activity while they're listening, but all classes participate. >> reporter: the dtsly music segmre about four minutes long, which includes a brief spoken introduction followed by a three-minute musical selection. >> for the whole we listen to the same song, but there are different activities that are included each day of the week, whether it be listen to the music, or try to find the pace of the music, or try to align your breath to the pace of the music-- different things like that. >> we have kids coming from parents that are just trying to make ends meet, working third shift, single parents, so we try

to make school a special place that's why we think miisful musi great way to start the day, because it re-centers everyone, including myself. we just take a deep breath, ando cal, so we'rstarting franticly in that hyper mode, at the start of the day. >> reporter: mckenna lives in clevelanheights with her mom. she's a k-pop and hip-hop fan, but she says she kind of likes this classical stuff she's been hearing in the mornings. >> i like it a lot. i just kind of want to calm down. i really have to rush to get ready, i have to eat breakfast ally quickly. and then i get to school h,d i'm like, it's going to be a long day, but isn't actually a >> reporter: mindful music moments isntly in place at over 100 schools across the country. it's the brainchild of cincinnati yoga and movement educator stacy sims who also a lps traumaictims relax. >> i was spendint of time with refugee students and i knew i couldn't spend that amount of time with students every day,

but i heard the morning ednouncements, and it occu to me that that could be a delivery system for some kinof tndful moment for all. and i had the idpair it with classical music. w >> an you hear about it, the light bulb just goes off. and i thought, we've got to try at out up here, in cleveland. >> reporter: joan katz napoli has run the orchestra's educational efforts for 24 years, working with cle area schools to supplement their music programs. >> there are plenty of research studies that document the effectiveness of music to improve learning outcomes, to enhance brain developm >> reporter: about 30 schools in greater cleveland, currently ranging from pre-k through usddle school, use mindful moments, and that list includes both inner city and suburban districts. >> there's no school that's immune from the stress and anxiety caused by school sht tings of the lcade, for example.

>> reporter: corrine has fond memories of the first time the music was played in her classroom. a so, they said, imagine that you just wolympic. and it felt really good to >> reporter: and for the orchestra, there's the potential for a new generation of listeners. mckenna says the music has really grown oher, and it's almost a letdown when that three-minute morning dose is over. >> i wish it would replay, because i just want to sit down and just close my eyes, or open my eyes and do the wore >> can you g a nice wave? >> reporter: erica wigton notes that there are many things that can help a school climate. she sees mindful music momen ts as one strategy to make school less stressful as the children are learning to cope with an increasingly frantic world. >> definitely a permanent program that we're going toco inue to use every day. just because we want to start their day in a beautiful, calm way, so that they're ready to learn. >> reporter: for the pbs newshour, i'm david c. barnett in cleveland.

>> nawaz: and online, we'll be livestreaming president donald trump's speech on u.s. immigration policy, expected tomorrow at 2:30 p.m. eastern yome. can watch live on our site, pbs.org/newshour. and that's theewshour for tonight. i'm anma nawaz. join us online and again here torrow evening. for all of us at the pbs newshour, thank you and see you soon. >> major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by: >> text night and day. >> catch it on replay. >> burning some fat. >> sharing the latest viral cath >> you can dthings you like to do with a wireless plan designed for you. with talk, text and data. consumer cellular. learn more at consumercellular.tv >> for projects around the

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