captioning sponsored by newshour productions, llc >> woodruff: gooevening. i'm judy woodruff. on the newshour tonight: d-day at 75. remembering how storming the beaches of normandy turned the tides of the 20th century. >> i'd place it in the top five most important battlesf all time. first, sheer size. second, complexity. third, what were the stakes? and the stakes were ridding the world of adolph hitler, and i ankly can't think of a more important mission than that. >> woodruff: then, tension over tariffs. with penales on imports from mexico scheduled to kick in on monday, mexican ficials come to washington to try to make a deal. plus, the candidates and the climate. where the 2020 democratic presidential hopefuls stand on climate change. all that and more, on night's

pbs newsur. >> major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by: >> babbel. a language program that teaches real-life convsations in a new language, like spanish, french, italian, german, and more. babbel's ten to 15 minute lessons are available as an app, or online. more information on babbel.com. >> kevin. >> kevin! >> kevin? advice for life. life well-planned. learn more at raymondjames.com. >> consumer cellular. >> home advisor. >> and by the alfred p. sloan

foundation. supporting science, technology, and proved economic performance and financial litera in the 21st century. >> carnegie corporation of new york. supporting innovations in education, democratic engagement, and the advanaement of intonal peace and security. at carnegie.org. >> and with the ongoing support of these institutions: and individuals. >> this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting. and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. >> woodruff: this has been a day for solemn remembrance, the 75th anniversary of

d-day. allied troops assaulted nazi- cupied france on june 6, 1944, in history's largest air and sei in. today, president trump and other leaders of the wartime alliese visited vasion beaches ofmb normandy to re the fallen and honor the remaining survivors. we will take a closer lo after the news summary. a russian mobile network company is teaming up with china's huawei to develop 5g networks in russia. the deal was signed today in moscow, as chinese president xi jinping visited russian president vladimir putin. it came despite u.s. claims that huawei is a security risk. teanwhile, beijing warned again that it will retaland it said the u.s. bears the blame. >> ( translated ): the united states exerts ultimate pressure, continuously escalates trade disputes and spreads the crisis to other fields. the responsibility completely lies on the u.s. side.

whoever started the trouble should end it. >> woodruff: meanwhile, the u.s. trade deficit with china grew by nearly 30% in april. that, as the twoations are still trying to negotiate a way out of a growing trade war. the pentagon has wrapped up its inquiry into a 2017 ambush that left four u.s. soldiers in niger dead. it endorses earlier findings that mostly junior officers were to blame. the soldiers were hunting an islamic state leader near theon village of tongo, when more than a hundred extremists attacked. in germany, a nurse waste convtoday of killing 85 patients at two hospitals over a five-year period. a court acquitted him in 15 other killings. prosecutors said that niels hoegel deliberately put patients into cardiac arrest, and then, tried to revive them. but, the verdict drew criticism from relatives of the victims. >> ( translated ): there a m

ultimatee than 300 murders, and 80 convictions, or acts, convicted here in court today. that's not sufficit to us, because we know that there is a tragedy behind every sine crime, every destiny. >> woodruff: hoegel is 42, and was sentenced to life in prison today. he is already serving another life sentence from a prior nviction. back in this country, the new york city police commissioner apologized for the stonewall raid in 1969 that galvanized the gay rights movement. on june 28th that year, police raided a gay bar in greenwichll e, and patrons fought back. the commissioner said today that the poli actions were wrong. r&b singer r. kelly pled not guilty today to 11 new, sex- c related felorges. he was arraigned in chicago, on counts including aggravated criminal sexual assault. they carry much stiffer penalties than the original charges he faced. the number of measles cases in the u.s. this year has now

topped 1,000. the centers for disease control and prevention said today that it is the most since 1992, when there were more than 2,200. most of this children who have not been vaccinated. the federal communications commission is moving again at cracking down on robocalls. commissions voted today to let phone companies block unwanted calls. spammers make an estimated five billion sucntcalls every nearly double the total of just two years ago. optimism that negotiators will make progress in the u.s.-mexico tariff talks drove stogher on wall street today. the dojones industrial average jumped 181 points to close above 25,720. the nasdaq rose 40 points, and the s&p 500 add 17. and, in japan, the minister of health has dismissed calls to ban current requirements that

women wear high heels at work. he said today that such attire is "necessary and appropriate." more than 20,000 women in japan have signed an online petition to ban mandates for high heels. the campaign is known as "hashtag koo-too," a play on the japanese words for "shoe" and "pain." ill to come on the newshour: remembering the allied invasion of normandy, 75 years ago today. what the trump administration is demanding, to stop the looming tariffs on mexican imports. the many democratic predential candidates, and their many plans to address climate change. plus, much more. >> woodruff: 75 years ago today, through dawn othe normandy coast of northern france, landed tens of thousands ofmerican,

british, canadian, and other allied troops.h and throves of machine gun fire, chaos, and terror, the liberati of europe from the clutches of adolf hitler began. it was a sparkling morning on this d-day, as president trump and other leaders convened today on the solemn ground of the american cemetery above the bloodiest landing site: omaha beach. they were joined by some survivors of one of history's most important days-- the longest day. our special correspondent malcolm brabant has been in normandy all week for us, and he returns now. >> reporter: with a wavering arm, a veteran of the longest day saluted his commander in chief, as the american and french lears honored the valor of june 6, 1944. this place, the american cemetery at omaha beach, was described as "freedom'sialtar" by pnt trump. warmly embracing the americanid heroes, prt macron pinned

the legion of honor, france's highest award, ochests of five u.s. veterans, and affirmed the bond between the ties. >> we know what we owe to you terans. our freedom. on behalf of my nation, i just want to say thank you. >> reporter: there wers.60 surviving eterans on the podium, and president trumppr sed his undying gratitude. >> you're among the greatest americans who will ever live. you arthe pride of our nation. you are the glory of our republic. and we thankou from the bottom of our hearts. >> reporter: trump singled out two men in particular. russell pickett was wounded in the first wave of the assault on s aha beach. >> russell pickette last known survivor of the legendary

company a. and, today, believe it or not, he has returned once more to these shores to be with hi comrades.iv e pickett, you honor us all with your presence. >> reporter: and he had fond words for staff sergeant ray a lamberedic credited with saving dozens of men on omahabe h despite being wounded. >> he had been on the beach for hours, bleeding and saving lives, when he finally lost nsciousness. w woke up the next day on a cot beside another badnded soldier. he looked over and saw his brother bill. they made it. they made it. they made it. >> reporter: the veterans and many guests were required to arrive long before the ceremony

because of the massive security cordon, but they were kept waiting by the lateness of french president macron. and, after the event's start time, president trump-- with the hallowed acres of the american cemetery as background-- spoke with right-wing pundit laura ingraham of fox news mr. trump used that air time to disparage his adversaries. >> do you care if he testifies? >> he made such a fool out of himself-- what people don't report ithe letter he had to do to straighten out his testimony, because his testimony was wrong. but nancy pelosi-- i call her nervous nancy-- nancy pelosi doesn't talk about it. nancy pelosi is a disaster, reporter: across the fivein labeaches, gun salutes, buer's laments... ♪ ♪ ...and fly-overs were the order of the day, 75 years on. strong men struggled to keep

thtr emotions under control gold beach, where the british came ashore, and at juno, where the canadians conducted themselves with distinction. at the western edge of omaha beach, a sector called dog green, the magnitudef d-day is put into perspective by rob citino, senior historian at th national world war ii museum. >> where does d-day fit into the military history of thd? i'd place it in the top five most important battles of all time. first, sheer size. second, complexity. third, whawere the stakes? and the stakes were ridding the world of adolf hitler, and i frankly can't think of a more important mission than that. >> reporter: from this point, the challenges american forces faced are obvious. the germans occupied the high ground, and had a clear field of fire close to german machine gun post 62 is where one of the two men praised by president trump feel mostme, with his memories and his modesty.wa >> theed to put "ray lambert, the medical hero."

d i told them definitely not, i would not have just my name on there. and i said, i'll give you a list of my second battalion medics that landed on the first wave, and you can put that on the plaque. >> reporter: although hit three times, lambert treated dozens oa g.i.s behinds known as ray's rock. after five hours, he lost consciousness in shallow water under heavy fire, but was carried to safety. >> well, this rock, to me, saved many lives thaday. as you can see, there was nothing else on the beach that we could really get the woded guys behind. the walking wounded could ach this rock and get behind it. and when i saw that the machine gun bullets were coming right off the hill, right at us, s

thatething, if possible, to find someplace where we could get thoswounded soldiers behind so we could treat them. >> reporter: today has very much been a celebration of grand internatnal military alliances. it's been all about patriotism, it's been all about ing the evil that was represented by the german machine gunners on this hill as they rein fire on american troops just 200 yards ay. as ray lambert tried to save his men, he was guided by a very personal set of principles. >> many times you hear people say, well, i'm willing to die for my country. they're not really saying that. what they're saying t they're willing to fight for their families in a country. no one wants to die y reason, but these guys, i saw them in battle. i was were willing to put their lives on the line r their families.

>> reporter: and so the greatest generation took their leave, perhaps never to return to the scene of their victory, ere the memory of this pilgrimage will live on with those for the pbs newshour, i' malcolm brabant at ray's rock. >> woodruff: here in washington today, the u.s. and mexico are in a stand-off over immigration and trade. president trump is threatening to impose tariffs if mexico doesn't reduce the number of migrants and asylum seekers crossing the border into the u. those tariffs could wreak havoc on both economies, and the president's threat could have a major impact on the u.s.on relaip with its largest trading partner. here's nick schifrin. >> schifrin: judy, the administration says there is a crisis at the southern border. mexico admits that last month,et itned more than 23,000

trying to cross the border, mor than doue 2018 number. the u.s. says it arrested0 more than 144,ople trying to cross illegally, the highest number in 13 years. the white house is blaming mexico, saying it should better police the border. the two sides are talking here, ahead of the president's monday deadline to impose tariffs. we will talk about the possible impact of those tariffs on the u.s. shortly. but first, to discuss immigration and mexico, i'm joined by mexico's formeram ssador to the u.s., arturo sarukhan. ambassador, thank you very much. >> thank you, nick. >> schifrin: for being here. the fundamental question the white house is asking, canl mexico stop al immigration into the united states? >> no. if the idea is we go from what's going on now to zero, that's not going to happen. you can't enforce your way out of migration crises. you have to understand some of the structural dynamics that have been creating this over the last two, three years. what mexico can certainly d is enhance its operation control of its border with guatemalaput

more money and resources in manpower into its immigration agency, o nd intits refugee rgency see that we can bet control those flows, make sure that we're preventing those caravans from reachinthe border with the united states, provide more visas for asylum and work visas for those central americans who do decide to stay in mexico instead ofrying to make their trek to the northern part country. but you're not going to stop this. you know, this idea that, you know, in d sixays, if you don't stop this, i'm going to slap-- i'm going to slap ariffs is a ludicrous proposition, because, also, what haser nev been clear is what is improvement mean? what are those golposts? are you going to continue to move those goalposts? and what's even morlie tro, is the president's decision to contaminate and take the trade agenda hostage to force concessions from mexico on immigration pol sy. >> schifri those things that you just listed, what mexico should be doing, is mexico doing that right now?

>> i think it'doing some of that. mexico deported 75,000 central american migrants rsst in the t six months of this year. it has-- it is hting about 8,000 central american migrants that have been sent backos acr the u.s.-mexico border to the mexican side of the border while they await their asylum or immigration hearis in the u.s. and that is costing municipalities and states a hefty sum, and it's creating some inevitable social tensions with people in mexico who are saying, you know, why are twe doine dirty work of the united states?" i may agree or disagree with that characterization, but people are start fog say this. >> schifrin: there are certainly some people who arare ng to say this. but as you know, the president of mexico is very popular, somewhere between 65 exprs 80%la poty. he holds a press conference every morning. t people do list him. couldn't he make a deal with the united states and not take a political hit from his supporters? >> i think it's very hard to doi

th you're confronted with diplomacy as ultimatums, and the "my way or thehighway" approach to foreign policy that president trump has followed with mexico. remember, mexico has been an electoral pinata fr thi president since the 2016 election. it will continue to be an electoral pinata on the road to him seeking re-election in 2020. so the president, yes, he has sufficient wiggle room in terms of his popularity, but a poll that came out this weekend, 24 hours after the president-- president tedump annouis itcision, showed that favorable perception of the states has now collapsed to 17%. so there is a certain limit to what the president can do, particularly if mexicanstart feeling that he's bending thesi knee to the prnt's demands. >> schifrin: to president trump's demands. >> yes. >> schifrin: now, this isn't, of course, only about mexico. it's also aboutathe united

and about u.s. consumers. and the industry that is hardest hit or would be hadest hit by these tariffs would be vehicles, more than a quarter of all vehicles in the u.s. are imported froo,m mexore than a third of all vehicle parts come from mexico. and to discusthat, i'm joined my kristin dziezek, vice president at the cter for automotive research. thank you very much for coming on the newshour. describe for us what e impact would be on the auto industry. >> well, thank you for having me. you know, the impact woulgebe whether you're in the market for a new vehicle or you just want to hold on to the vehicle you have and repair d maintain it. we are dependent on parts that come from mexi, and, by the way, also china. and if we start to see tariffs on mexican parts, imports, cost of a vehicle, a new vehicle in the u.s. is going to go up, somewhere between $1100 and $540 a vehicle will see a couple of models just disappear from the market, the smaller sedans made in mexico, they won't sell thema

heymore. and, you know, that limits consumer choice. it will hit up to $34 billion hit to g.d.p., and we would see almost 400,000 american jobs disappear. >> schifrin: as you know, that is not the narrative given out byhe white house. the white house says he's tariffs would help. and let's take a listen to president trump today describing how these tariffs would help the u.s. economy. e a lot of people, senators included, they h idea what they're talking about when this comes to tariffs. they have no-- absolutely no idea. when you have the money, when you have the produ t, when you ha thing that everybody wants, you're nay position to do very well with tiffs. >> schifrin: "you're in a position to do very well with tariffs." >>is that true? o. you know, the auto industry is e industry that is very integrated in t u.s., canada, and mexico. the smaller suppliers are really going to get ht hard. their margin margins are thin, y don't have enough space in their

profitability to eat these tariffs. they're going to have to ty to pass them along to their consumers, and their consumers are big automakers that are not going to want to take on this price increase. so small suppliers and, you know, people in the united states whoruy small cas and maintain their cars, they are the ones who are going to pay for this. >> schifrin: the white househ says some ofese jobs could return to the u.s. is that possible? >> well,yome ma. and the u.s. auto industry is running well above 80%, 85% utilization of our existing footprint. the thing is these are tariffs that were put in place with less than two weeks' notice. and this is an industry when we build a new assembly plant, that's $1.6 billion. that doesn't turn on a dime. those take years to put the investment in place and t build. so i think mostly automakers and supplis are going to sit on their hands, try to make it work, and figure out how toyou know, patch this together in the short term. st i don'tee big movementes of capital and jobs to the u.s.

for a tariff thatis, you know, for potentially just a negotiating tactic for a different-- for a different >> schifrin: and arturo sarukhan, i want to end with you. there's an economic threat to the u.s., as we just heard. noere's also an ecc threat to mexico. ultimately, quickly, in the time we ave left, does that mea that mexican officials want to make a deal? >> well, i think mexico has been behaving li the adult in th relationship. i think mexico wants to find ways to de-escalate the tension that president trump has been. stoking in the.-mexico relation. the challenge and the danger is that by doing this, especially if tiffs get slapped on, on june 10, is that the wheels of this strategic relationship that has been building between mexico and the united states over the past 20 years, are going to start falling off. and the question policymakers in washington may be facing in a few years down the road is who lostic m >> schifrin: arturo sarukhan, former ambassador, former mexican ambassador to the u.s.

kristin dziezek, center for automotive research, thank very much to you both. >> thank you. >> thank you. >> woodruff: stay with us. coming up on the newshour: sitting down with democratic presidential candidate marianne williamson. our continued look at robert mueller's investigation into whether president trumpru obed justice. plus, much more. but first, after a year of devastating floods, wildfires and hurricanes, climate change has been polling as a top issue in the 2020 democratic primaries. as william brangham reports, the candidates h to address the problem. >> brangham: the 23 democrats who want to challenge donald trump in the next election are a varied group, but they all agree

on one thing: >> climate change is real, it's man-made. >> climate change is real. >> it is us, our emissns. >> climate change is real, and caused by human activity. >> brangham: this unanimity on climate change, that it's a serious threat in need of a serious response, stands in stark contrast to president trump's position. prior to becoming president, he oapeatedly said climate change was an expensive cooked up by the chinese. when asked about the well- documented warming of the atmosphere, he's saiit'll soon start cooling. >> i believe that there's a change in weather, and i think it changes both ways.n' forget, it used to be called global warming. that wasn't working. then it was called climate change. now, it's actually called extreme weather. brangham: as president, he's undone many of his predecessor's moves to cut carbon emissions: he pulled out of the landmark paris climate accords. he rolled back auto emissions

standards. r d, he pushed to increase the use of coal and otssil fuels. even though all the democrats agree climate change i, they have some pretty different ideas for how to tackle it. thmsignature rallying cry f the left has been the green new deal, a non-binding resolution introduc in the house and senate in february. it calls for aweeping overhaul of how the u.s. generates energy, and it sets an ambitious deadline for u.s. ergy production to be net-zero-- that means no net carbon emissions-- in ten years. for now, there's no estimated price tag on this hugely ambitious idea. of the 11 candidates who are currently inongress, eight co-sponsored the green new deal, and another seven candidates-- not in congres- have said they support some version of it, incling former vice presiden joe biden. >> we have to stop thinkinthat clean energy and job creationn' dogo together. they do.

they do. >> brangham: but the green new deal still doesn't have a lot of specifics. it's up to the candidates to figure out exactly what it means. to the green new deal'srs supporlike south bend indiana mayor pete buttigieg, it's a good start. >> the green new deal as we've seen it so far is more of a plan than it is a fully-articulated >> brangham: not everyone in the democratic field backs it. former maryland congressman johs delaney nacting the green new deal is about as realistic xi president trump saying will pay for a border wall. other candidates voice different concerns with the plan >> it was overloaded with other priorities. ings like the federal jo guarantee. >> i embrace a gjuen new deal. think we have to have public private partnerships if we're going to g there. >> brangham: by far, the most detailed plan for tackling climate change com from washington governor jay inslee. he's made it hisignature issue. p defeating climate change has to be the number oority of

the united states. >> brangham: inslee wants to invest $3 trillion in creating eight million clean energy jobs. he's also calling for all power plants to be carbon neutral, all new cars to be electric, and all new buildings to be powered by green energy by 2030 he wants to hit net-zeroem sions by 2045. congressman delaney, colorado senator michael bennet and former texas representativbeto o'rourke have also put deadlines for achieving net-zero emissions their plans. >> it gets us to net zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050, halfway there by 20. r >> brangha stavins is an environmental economist at harvard's kennedy school, whor su the goals of many of these plans. but he says it may be harder toh meet the the campaign rhetoric suggests.to >> well, thinghink about for achieving those kind of ambitious targets for the year 2050 is that, if you're driving

in your car, you would not be stopping at a gasoline station. you would be stopping instead to plug it into an electrical outlet. because essentially 100% of the u.s. fleet would need to be on electric-powered vehicles of one kind or another. >> brangham: some candidates aro pushing fo nuclear power, which doesn't emit carbon emissions, but remains highly controversial, in part because of prominent accidents like three mile island and chernobyl. many existing nuclear plants are aging and would likely need tens of billions to retrofit or replace. in a recent "washington post" survey, seven candidates said they wanted to build more nuclear plants, six said they didn't, and four said they wt to phase out nuclear total. >> invest in our green energies; wind, solar, geothermal, hydro power, nuclear. >> so in principle, it's

the reason that nuclear power has essentially been frozen at the level it has been in the united states is really for financial, for economic reons. because nuclear power plants are exceptionally capital intensive. they are very costly to build. >> brangham: another long- debated idea that someon candidates aredering is what's called a carbon tax, which would put a price on any greenhouse gas emissions that would be paid by the emitter. >> i introduced the only ibipartisan carbon tax bi the congress. puts the price on carbon. all the revenues get collected, gets given back to the american people in the form of a dividend. >> they result on higher costs to produce carbon ine goods and services which is essentially everything in the economy. that's going to ripple out downstream in rms of higher prices certainly for electricity, higher prices for gasoline and oth fuels and >> brangham: but despite the growing, and troubling, scientific consensus on climate change, the issue remains deeply polarizing. one recent poll says it's more divisive than abortion.

but for the left, it's an issue to rally around for the pbs newshour, i'm william brangham. >> woodruff: and we continue now our series of conversations with the candidates competing for the democratic party's 2020 presidential nomination. joining us this evening is activist and best-selling author marianne williamson. her latest book, "a politics of love," is on book shelves now. trianne williamson, welco the newshour. >> thank you so much for having me. >> woodruff: so why are you the right choice for democrats? i guess my first question is won't democrats wanomteone with elected office experience t after presidenump? >> what democrats want is someone tough enough to beat donald ump, and think anyone who thinks it's as simple as sohone tough enoo beat donald trump is very naive about the nature of the opponent. there are me people who are going to vote for trump, no

matter what. but the presidential election, electis not enough to re- him. what we have to get to are people who might have voted for him but are at lstaisturbed enough to be open, and we need all those people who didn't vote to vote, and alol those peple who voted for jill stein to vote for us. and the only way too that is to touch people's hearts. you know the part of the brain that rationally analyzes people are not the same part of the brain that decides who to vote for. donald trump has had a psychological effect on people. he has had an effectn the human psychopeople that is very dark, and it is not amenable tot change bictly rational argument. i am someone who has had a career moving audiences. i'm someone who has had a career moving crowds and moving vemovements. i a sense of what he has done, and the only way tea def lies is with some big truths. ht the skill he has, the lig side of that is what i can do. >> woodruff: let me move you quickly through some que "stion. politics of love," you right that is what the country

needs right now. a poliitics, you wrte, that pays attention to the inner lig, "and oy in transforming our hearts will we be able to transform dr world." whs that mean? >> donald trump won by touching the inner li he harnessed fear. he harnessed hate. the only antidote to that, is i rness love for political purposes. there are far more people of decency and dignitiy and compassion and merc and justice in this country than there are haters, bigots, antiracists, et cetera. but those peop hate with conviction. the only way to over-ride that is if those of us who lve, love with conviction, are as willing to tick a stand for the things that are right some pee have been willing to make a stand for things that are wrong. >> woodruff: so people who would say what you're talking about ishi som that belongs in the personal realm and private realm and not in the realm of politics, what would you say? >> i would say that's a very niewm revelation. the right ring focused on isues

of morrability, but the left focused on public morality. estraditionally, isf war and peace was seen as a moral another issues of unfair taxation, unfair economics. that's a moral issue. there are public issues that have just as much moral significance as private issues do. and it has been to the detriment of the democratic party tht the democrats have seemed to have forgotten that in the last few decades. >> woodruff: just quickly, "the washington post" in writing about your decision to rasn, sad itt really a decision, after they talked to you. they said it was more like an iphany, you were sitting on your bed, when a feeling washed over you. what does that mean? >> it means someby was trying to be snarky and minimalize and take me out of context. >> woodruff: let's move on to some issues, climate change. you saw at let part of our report on the different candidates. many of the candidates running do support theareen new >> i do. >> woodruff: you said you support it.ar but therpeople out there, including democrats, that are noeptical that the country can afford it right, that it's going to take either higher taxes or it's going to come out

of current funds somehow. my question is where does this rank in all the things you'd like to do? you have a prettymbitious list out there, including health care, and i could go on down the list. where is climate change in your list of priorities? >> it's thees gremoral challenge of our generation. i'd rather pay with money now than pay with our inbility to breathe 25 years from now, 50 years from now. i'd rather pay with my pot book now, than pay with my grandchildren's asthma 25 years from now. so this is nothing we can afford. some things, if you hear your house is on firyou don't get to say, "i don't know if we can afford the damage." hoire is on fe. that is what is going on here. there is an urgency and emergency to the issue of climate crisis that i think the american people will understand with the righteadership to guide them. >> woodruff: so many issues to ask you about. you say you aroe 100% prchoice when it comes to abortion. >> absolutely. >> woodruff: does that mean y th believe that government funds should be avilable to poor women who are seeking an abortion? and i'm asking because--

>> should we repeal the hyde amendment. >> woodruff: as you know, the hyde amendment prohibits this. this is smething joe biden says he agrees with. where are you on this? >> i feel we need to repeal the hyde amendment and i disagreen with joe bidenhis. >> woodruff: so is that a disqualifier for him, do you think? >> well, i'm running so, the voter has to decide on whether or not itm disqualifies >> woodruff: let me ask you about foreign policy. you also write in your book about what you call the militaristic madness. you say it's gripped this country since world war ii, and it's become "an american character defect." my question iso you think american military forces today are the right size? should they be decreased? should the united states always seek too have the stryrongest miliorce in the world? >> i have great respect for the military. my father foughin rld war ii. i think every american or any thinking person belseves of coe have to have a strong military. i see the military like i see aw surgeon: have to have surgery, we need to have the best surgeon. but, of course, the same person

tries to avoid surgery, if possible. i want what the military would say that they need to be the strong military that we need. anybody who thinks that our military budget is based oyln military considerations is fooling themselves. it is sed at least much on short-term profit max missation for deofense cntractors. remember, the current head of the defense department was a 30-year executive at boeing. this is not military decisions i have a problem with, with our military spending. it is political decisions that have nothing to do with s. security. >> woodruff: separately, something else you write about, and you speak about this often, the need for a department of peace or peace creation. what doethat involve? >> even donald rumsfeld said we must learn to wage piece. and general mattis said if you don't fully fund the state department i will have to buy more ammunition. we have a $40 billion state department budget.n' you just take medicine. you have to cultivate your health. you can't just endlessly prepare for war and hou back up into peace. war is the absence of peace.

peace is nt the absence of war. diplomacy, mediation, development. the factors which when present statistically-- >> woodruff: i guessay question in't there other departments already doing this? >> what we have, within the $40 billion at the state department, only fewer than $1 billion is spent on peace-building agencies and u.s.a.i.d. is $17li bil. and the u.s. institute of peace is $36 million. it's where you spend your money and where you pu your resources. and we do not spend money and put our resources behind the factors that create peace, likei expanding edu for children and ameliorating unnryeces human suffering. >> woodruff: marianne williams, seeking the democratic nomination for president, thank you. >> thank you very much. >> woodruff: we returnr

deep dive into the mueller report. eatier this week, we looked ssia's interference in the election, and how mueller determined thereas no conspiracy between the trump campaign and russia. tonight, we continue to examine the prident's actions, and whether mueller documents evidence of obstruction of justice. lisa desjardins and william brangham are again ours. >> special counsel robert mueller investigated some 10 different acts by the president for potential obstruction of justice. some of these overlap. >> in each instance, mueller lays out thres:thiwhat the president did, what may have been obstructed by those actions, and wt the president's intent was. mueller'mueller's conclusions rd from a clear no evidence ofru obion to cases with substantial evidence. those cases, those with the most evidence, center on the rresident's attempts to fire o limit special counsel mueller himself. >> the report begins this segment with an eye-popping statement. page 77ll, mue writes:

>> mueller reounts a scene in the oval office that day where attorney general jeff sessions tells the president that mueller's been appointed and the president says, "oh, my god. this is terrible. this is the end of my presidency. i'm (bleep)." top aide hope hick testifies later that she had only seen thn preslike that one other hollywoodthe "access tape came out during the campaign. >> the next day, the president was asked about the special counsel appointment. >> well, i respect the move, but the entire thg has been a witch hunt, and there is no collusion between certainly myself and my campaign. but i can always speak for myself and the russians-- zero. >> but privately, the report says, the president undmined the special counsel's credibility. page 80.

but the report says top aide stephen bannon and other key tstaff disagreed tellin president, "they were not true conflicts," and even "ridiculous." >> according to the report, what happens next is critical june 14, "the washington post" reveals that the president is under inestigation for obstruction of justice. according to mueller, three days later, president trump tells white house counsel don mcgahn to call acting attorney general rod rosenstein to say mueller has conflicts and can't ser anymore. the president says, "mueller has to go." mcgahn does not comply. >> now, this is all based on mcgahn's testimony. mueller points out the president blicly disputes much o it. but in the end, mueller finds mcgahn highlr cedible, reporting that he reacted strongly to the president's words. mueller writes:

>> another serious charge about the president is that he tried to block mueller from investigating him or his campaign. on june 19, 2017, president trump asked his former campaig manager, cory lou an dowsky, to take a note to attorney general jeff sessions directing sessions to say publi y, "i am goingto meet with the special counsel and let the special counsel move forward wi investigating election meddling for future elections." t aning, robert mueller would not investigate wppened in the 2016 election. >> lewandowski never passed on that message. these acts taken tog prompted some of mueller's strongest language in the report. on page 89, he writes, "substantial evidence indicates the attempts to remove the special counsel wereinked to investigations of the president's conduct." page 97: "substantial evi indicates that the president's effort to limit theco special sel's investigation was intended to prevent further

scrutiny of the presi and his campaign's conduct." >> now, we realize this is a lot, but with regards to other actions by the preside, robert mueller found much less, and sometimes no evidence of obstruction. take attorney general jeff sessions. >> therefore, i have recused myself. m ths earlier he had recused himself from overseeing this russia probe becse of his own undisclosed contacts with the rssian ambassador. the presidepeatedly pressured sessions to unrecuse himself and retake cotrol of the investigation. ent mueller finds only a reasonable inf, not asecific evidence, that this meant to protect the predent. >> next, michael flynn and paul manafort. mueller investigated whether mr. trump floated potential presidential pardons for them ir r to influence their .estimony or cooperation with the special couns mueller writes, "the evidence regaing flynn is inconclusive. but with manna ford, the

evidence indicates mr. trump wanted manafort to believe a pardon was possible. of the. >> andic finally, mhael cohen. mueller looks at whether the president directed his lawyer to lie to congress about plans to build a trump tower in moscow. the rep says, "while there is evidence the president knew that cohen has made false statements," mueller also writes, "the evidence does not establish that the presidented direr aided cohen's false testimony." >> tomorrow night, stick with us. we will look at mueller's final conclusions. ck woodruff: and we'll be shortly with a preview of a documentary about how young people a coping with mental health challenges. but first, take a moment to hear from your locapbs station.

>> woodruff: finally tonight, a preview of a documentary on i childrcrisis, produced by our colleagues at milwaukee pbs, in collaboration with the "milwaukee journal sentinel." the documentary follows four young pele from wisconsin, navigating mental health challenges. they've endured assault, n llying, incarceration, and discrimination--me cases, contemplating suicide. through it all, they have surved. >> i wrote a goodbye note when i was seven ydars ol. i was homeless for about three ars of my life, and it was sad. i was being bullied in school as well. >> i heard the whispers behind

me. it was hard walk down th hallways alone. i did it all day, every day. i liveth depression, anxiety, and obsessive compulsive disoer. >> as a transgender person, i've experienced anxiety because society has tried to make me someone i'm not. i always felt like a blue crayon wrapped in red paper. >> stigma is kiling us. >> we're here to tell our stories. >> we're here to end the silence around mental health. >> we're here to fight for you. >> we're hire... >> to tell you... that you're not alone. >> on a 2017 state survey, about 1 in 50 students identify transgender, and it is more common among younger students. >> in 2017, 1,772 children under the age of 18 died by suicide in our country.

>> i hope that we take different approaches towards kids that struggle with mental illness and depressionake a better look at what they're going through. >> as hard as it feels to think that you're alone in all of this, you're not alone, and there's always somebody else that feels the same way as you. and you might not knothat person, but i can tell you, that yo are not alone inny of your mental health struggles. >> woodruff: you can find the milwaukee pbs' entire documentary and a discussion around children in crisis on their website at.o www.milwaukeep. and if you or anyone you know is in crisis, we encourage you to

seek help by calling 1-800-273- talk, or you can text the word17 "home" to on your mobile amone. and on our instaage, watch 97-year-old u.s. veteran tom rice recreate his d-dayut parajump into normandy, 75 years later. you can find that and more by following "newshour" on instagram. and that is the newshour for tonight. i'm judy woodruf join us online, and again here tomorrow evening. for alof us at the pbs newshour, thank you, and we'll see you soon. f >> major fundi the pbs newshour has been provided by: >> for projects around the house, home advisor helps find local pros to do the work. you can check ratings, read customer reviews, and book ith pros online at homeadvisor.com. home advisor is proud to support pbs newshour. b bel. a language program that teaches

real-life conversations in a new language, like spanish, french, alian, german, and more. babbel's ten to 15 minute lessons are available as an app, or online. more information on babbel.com. >> consumer cellular. >> financial services firm raymond james. >> and with the ongoing support of these institutions >> this prram was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting. and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. pnewshour productions, llc captioned by

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