captioning sponsored by newshour productions, llc >> schifrin: good evening. i'm nick schifrin. judy woodruff is away. on the newshour tonight: tensions in the persian gulf continue to rise as president trumannounces first-ever u.s. sanctions targeting the supreme leader of iran. then, a conversation with former speaker of the house paul ryan on the tmp administration, the economy, and the nextct presidential en. plus, with just days to go before the first democratic presidential primaryebate, a look at the state of the race .or 2020 and, stonewall at 50. reflections on the journey and future of the gay rights movement, a half-century after the landmark uprising that launched the push for equality. >> that was a sechange in how we thought about ourselves andwe how ere going to take our rights.

if ty gave them to us or not, we were here to take them. >> schifrin: all that and more, on tight's pbs newshour. >> major funding for the pbsn newshour has bovided by: >> babbel. a language program that teaches spanish, french, italian, german, and mo. >> consumer cellular. >> financial services firm raymond james. >> the william and flora hewlett foundation. for more than 50 years, advancing ideas and supporting institions to promote a better world. at www.hewlett.org. >> and with the ongoing support of these institutions: d individuals.

>> this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting. and byontributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. ri >> sch president trump has fired a new salvo of sanctions at iran-- this time, targeting the islamic republic's supreme leader. at the same time, the administration is pusuing a diplomatic offensive, after mr. trump called off planned air strikes last ek. today, america's top diplomat t with the two most powerful men in the persian gulf-- saudi crown prince mohammad bin salman, and emirati crown prince mohammad bin zayed, and ece nationality advisor continued his trip to israel to enhance what the u.s. is call an "anti-iran alliance."

thd the u.s. increased its pressure on iran, resident trump previewing its first-ever sanctions on iranian supreme leader, ali khamenei. >> sanctions imposed through the executive order that i'm abouten to sign willthe supreme leader, and the supreme leader's office, and those closely affiliated with him and the office, access to key financial resources and support. >> schifrin: the sanctions are a response to iran's shooting down and displaying a u.s. surveillance drone last week, and what the u.scalls iranian mine strikes on tankers in the gulf of oman. today, u.s. officials said they would appeal to asian allies to help defend commercial nkers by creating a naval coalition designed to deter iranian attacks in the waters through which 20% of the world's oil flows. jonathan cohen is the acting u.s. ambassadoto the u.n. >> iran must understand that these attacks are unacceptable.t time for the world to join us in saying so. >> schifrin: president trump

also reportedly ordered two tber attacks, one against unit that organized the tanker strikes, and another that targeted iranian missile command and control. today, iran's ambassador to the u.n., majitakht-ravanchi, called the united states the aggressor.an >> yout start a dialogue with somebody who is threatening you, who is intimidating you. >> schifrin: kaourim sadj a middle east expert at the carnegie endowment, said this latest round of sanctions may not change iranian behavior. >> i don't think it'going to be enough to break them and force them to capitulate. but it could trigger a further iranian response in this escalation cycle we are already in. >> schifrin: sadjadpour frs the cyber attacks the u.s. launched in retaliation against rean could backfi >> iran, as a recipient of major cyber-attacks, has become much more adept at them, because it has mply reverse-engineered some of the cyber-attacks it's been faced with.

>> schifrin: president trump reiterated the administration's lonstg f demands on iran. but with that stick, came this carrot: >> i look forward to the day when sanctns can be finally lifted and iran can become a peaceful, prosperous, and productive nation. that can go very quickly; it can be tomorrow. it can also be in,omears now. >> schifrin: secretary of state pompeo continues his consultations in the persian gulf region, tomorrow. in the day's other news, there's word the u.s. government is moving most of the 300-plus children currently held at a border patrol stion near el paso, texas. the associated press had reported kids going without food and showers, and some falling sick. it said older children had to care for babies and toddlers. today, the office of texas ocongresswoman veronica er said only about 30 children remain at the site. it is unclear where the others were taken. in turkey, the opposition celebrated through the night, after winning t'she mayace in istanbul with 54% of the vote. it's a direcchallenge to president recep tayyip erdog

and what critics call his increasingly authoritarian ruled tens of thouof people flocked to the streets after sunday's vote, cheerg and waving flags. today, they said the opposition's victory offerho of breaking erdogan's hold on power after 16 years. >> ( translated ): it's like we jumped for joy, following the r electiults. we were expecting it, but it was even better with this margin. at the very least, god willing, this wave in istanbul will spread across turkey. everyone has to have the righte to live y they want. >> schifrin: the opposition won the initial istanbul mayoral ntest in march by a smaller margin. elections officials ordered a re-run, after erdogan's party claimed voting irregularities. back in this country, a missouri judge allowed the state's lone abortion clinic to continue operating, at least through friday. state officialhad declined to renew the license for the st. louis planned panthood facility. the judge today extended a preliminary injunctiin, giving the time to appeal to an administrative panel.

if it loses, missouri would come the first state without an abortion clinic since 1974. 74 medical and public health groups warned today that climate ealtge is a national emergency. the american medical association, american heart association and others released a climate agenda it advocates reducing the use of petroleum, and enacting a carbon-pricing plan. on wall street, the dow jones industrial average gaieight points to close at 26,727. the nasdaq fell 26 points, and the s&p 500 slipped five. and, two sports items. in the women's wo bd cup, the u.t spain, 2 to 1. they'll play france in the quarterfinals on friday. and, italy won the ritht to host 2026 winter olympics. they'll be held in milan and the alpine ski resort cortina d'ampezzo. still to come on the newshour: increasing the transparency of ur medical bills-- what the white house is proposing to stop surprise costs. a wide-ranging conversation with former speaker of the

house paul ryan. where the p20 democratic sidential candidates stand just days before the first debate. a ne ew middt peace plan confronts the financial hardships faced by palestinians in gaza and the west bank. plus, much more. >> schifrin: national polls show americans believe healthcare prices and drug costs are one of their topocketbook concerns. today, president trump took aim at hospitals and insurers, with executive orders requiring more transparency around what patients actually pay. but there are questbout the extent to which the orders will help patients, and whether they could have unintended consequences. the president's aouncement today comes as the public is increasingly angry about

surprise medical bills. right now, hospitals and insurers keep patients coses for procedurs secret, proprietary information. today's executive order would reoire healthcare providers disclose-- before treatment-- what patients will have to pay. the hope is that patients would shop around for better prices. se medical bills come when insured patients are treated at a hospital by a doctor not in the same insurance network. that happened to andrew haymann, who was treated by a plastic surgeon for a shard of glass in his ankle at an e.r. he told megan thompson of newshour weekend that his share of the bill was $5,000. >> i'm thinkin there's no way i'm going to pay this. this is insane. it's kind of almost like forever if you want to call it false advertising when you get som kind of a crazy bill from someone who's not in the network and you really had no control over the fact that that, that they would be there. schifrin: a new study by the kaiser family foundation found that about one in six americans were surprised by a medical bill after treatment in

a hospital in 2017. th president today does not directly address those bills, but it does require hospitals and doctors to de the discounted prices hospitals are negotiating with insurers. president trump said true cost transparency was overd >> and there's no consistency, no predictability, and frankly no rhyme nor reason for what's been happening for many years. ieve the american people have a right to know before they go to the doctor. prices will come down by numbers you won't even belie >> schifrin: would these moves help bring down patients' costs? we explore tt question with elisabeth rosenthal, the editor- er-chief of kaiser health news and author of "an an sickness," about the costs of the healthcare system and its impact on patients. thank you very much for coming on to the "newshour". tawhen sec of health and human services alex cesar today previewed the president's executive order he said, this is up with of the most significant

steps in the long history ofam ican healthcare reform. is it? s important. transparency is good if you get an accurat accurate estimate oft of pocket costs you can makens consumer decisn elective surgeries and admissions so, in that sense, it's good. what's more debatable is we know now that he wants the hospitals to give us the rates that they negotiate swith insur, which are much less than the list pric. so how will patients use those and how will those be fined is the big question. >> schifrin: that seems to be the key. will patientswill we get the actual costs that we will owe after our insurance covers or will we get something different, perhaps what the hospitals owe. >> that's the big queso on. if i go contractor and say i want my kitchen renovated and heives me an estimate of $1,000, and then they ask for $5,000, i say no. you can't do that in hospitals recause you've y had the

care. >> schifrin: these values, colonels that we're talking about that we pay out of our pockets, these are proprietary. the insurers say they don't want toisive us thecause they don't want us to shop around. how bad will they fight this? >> they're fighting it very hard. they s you release the prices, the insider deals, prices cou go up, which is counterintuitive. but in healthcare we often see if one persois charge less and they see the company next door is charging twice as much they raise the price to the sticky ceiling, it's called stickyic g. so it depends on whether there's a consumer market where we the patients, the insured can go compare price and go for the bottom one. >> schifrin: will these executive orders crea that market? >> not in and of itself. it ioas a longbefore that. i think any transparency is good. technology can help us get to

aningful prices in competition, but whether there's usthe will to ge there, hospitals, insurers may not want that out in the open because, you know, they don't really want the market to work here always. >> and bottom line, why have these issues become such a pocketbook issue for americans? >> a lot of forces are coming together right now. of all, a lot of us have high-ductable plans so we're paying these bills pocket. a lot of other things is there are narrower networks, so we encounter surprise bills, wad another thing is, in the old days, a physician, we were employed by hospitals, so, you know, the hospital could control what we charged. now most doctors and hospita are contractors, that includes the er doctor, the intensive care doctor taking care of your newborn, and they can charge kind of whatever they want, and those rates are not apparent until you get your e.o.b. and

the bill, and then y're stuck, right. you can't say, oh, i would have taken by baby elsewhere. that just doesn't make sense. so whether it can become a meaningful market i think is really up in the air. >> sch elisabeth rosenthal editor-in-chief of kaiser health news, thank you so much. >> thanks for having me. >> schifrin: republican paul fan served in congress for more than 20 years, r vice president and, until six months ago, was speaker of the house. he walked away from that when he chose not to seek re- election last year. now, he is a private citizen who comments very rarely abo politics. judy woodruff had a chance to speak with him last night at the aspen ideas festival in colorado. >> woodruff: where are americans right now, in terms of hou they think politics and how they think about governm pt? >> extremearized. so if you turn on the tv or if

you especially look at twitter, you're going to pull your hairt. but if you look underneath that or what i always try to tell our members is don't pay attention to all the white noise, do your work, things, for the most part, still get done, the system still works, the checks and balances do work. >> woodruff: let's talk about economically. where do you see us right now as a country, how stng is the economy -- >> that's what i feel good about. look at our growth rates.ar wageat the fastest growthra than they have been in ten years, we have great we have more job openings than people looking for jobs in america. npeople are gettout of college and getting good jobs. we have low inflation, fast economic growth, and the kind of growth we're lookin when we did tax reform gave us the type of productivity increases we wanted. >> woodruff: in terms of the economy, for present trump up for reelection, how important is it that growth -- whaff ence does it make whether growth is 3%, as you said, or

what if it were 1% or 1 and a half? >> it's huge. the economy has a great, great deal to detmine whether or not a person gets reelected as president of the united statest that's why nk it's trump's to lose because othe economy and how good the economy is doing. more imporantly, if the economy in sectors of our society that haven't seen growth. >> woodruff: l 's talkabout trade for a minute, president trump's signature issue. es now the republican party th protectionist party? >> i hope not. i think if you stand still on trade you will fall hind because other countries will get better trade agreements betwee n themselvnd we'll lose markets. the vet and i have not agreed on a lot of these issues. i didn't want to pick fights on our allies like north america and canada, but i absolutely agree with his deci on china. that is one where i always believe that's a fight we need to fight because they're not >> woodruff: the president has

focused a massive amount of attention on immigration. is the g.o.p. thousand the anti-ition party? >> no, it's not. there's a legitimate problem on the southern border, no two ways about it, a serious problem, but we also have an utterly broken system. you know, we have these per-country caps. indians are waiting for, like, 30 years to getream cards and it doesn't make a whole lot of sense. if we can gethis immigration issue fixed, then i think we're going to be in reallyoo shape. >> woodruff: you now have families coming across there border ird numbers. we are reading hrtbreaking stories everyday about children separated from their parents, some of ibem in terle conditions. i mean, how can this be happening in the united states of america? >> we need to change our asylum laws. they give the perverse incent ie th you come over, say the right thing, you can come into e country, so there isn't an effectual border.

so we need to tighten up the asylum laws. >> woodruff: i want to ask you more about the republican partyr when you wgetting into politics, there was this really fierce debate going on in he republican party between being inclusive and not being inclusive. >> yeah. >> woouff: has the not inclusive side won? >> yeah, there are different labels you can throw around olre, but aspirational and inclusive ics is not one we s ily face. but thisppening on both sides of the aisle. what i feel is occurring is we have what is called entertainment wings of our parties. so you have the entertainment pengs which you can make -- a on can make a lot of money on polarization. i don't seeopeful inclusive rolitics, i see people kind of angry running fo office, and that to me is something that we're going to have to try and hopefully change. >> woodruff: i was going to ask you about this later, but does thaty explain oe biden is leading in the polls?

>> i think he is the one exception. he is the only one who is kind of runninghat i would call a centrist type of campaign, and all the other onesn are runnig hard to the left, and i think that's going to help the president, frankly, and joe's going to get hit from both sides, and whetheurr he can ee and stick on to that for a year and a half is anyby's guess. why i think it's the president's to lose, he has a gt aonomy, a great record of accomplishment underneath him. >> woodruff: why haven't more enpublicans stood up to president trump hey disagreed with him? >> he and i had plenty arguments over the phone, in person, over lots of issues, and i found actually, then when he didn't read about it in the paper the next day, i think appreciated it and it was more successful. so i tnk a lot of republicans have learned air your grievous personally and privately and you will have a better success of trying to achieve what you're trying to achieve. moreoodruff: how much disagreement is there with him and with his policy than what we

see on the surface? >> more than you think. >> woodruff: is the g.o.p. now clearly the party donald trump? >> i cannot tell you hotiw many s this run around america, particularly in wisconsin, where peopleho didn't participate n politics before said that guy speaks to me, that guy is actually doing something that's making a difference in my lif so it's guttural, and i know people see, o my god that's twitter and the things he says about this person and that person drives people nuts, the base republican voter sees that guy is not backing down and he's fighting fore. >> woodruff: and setting a good example for children for e next generation? (cheers and applause) >> answer the question. a woodruff: i'm sorry? i said iwered your question. >> woodruff: the republican party was the party of ronald reagan for long after he was in office. is that going to be the case fo the republican party? >> i don't know. i think it's his to lose, like i said, but if he's the president

for eight years, yeah, that's : obably likely the case. >> woodruul ryan, thank you very much. >> you bet, thank you, judy. (applause) >> schifrin: on the campaign trail today, democrats proposed new policies ranging from student debt to veterans to immigration reform. as lisa desjardins reports, it otl capped off a weekend spent appealing tos of color. >> we have a generation of people who are drowning in debt. >> desjardins: an ambitious plan to forgive $1.6 trillion in stent debt. vermont senator and democratic presidential candidate bernie sanders today unveiled new legislation that he says would pay off the loans of 45 million americans, by taxing wall street tranctions. also today, former texas congressman be o'rourke

unveiled a plan of his own-- to boost funding for veterans health care, by applying what he calls a "war tax" on wealthy, non-military households. >> we have to do much more for ise veterans who have served ountry. >> desjardins: and, in a "miami herald" op-ed, former vice president joe biden outlined a broad vision for general immigration reform. >> so, folks, i'm here to tell you, i hope to be your nominee. i'm going to work as hard as i s:n to get your support. >> desjardhis weekend, biden enjoyed a warm welcome by the crowd in south carolina, where polls show him at the top n the field. he arly every other 2020 democratic candidate attended a must-visit fish fry hosted by congressman jim clyburn, the highest ranking black lawmaker in congress. south carolina is y for two reasons. 60% of democrats in the state are black, and the state votes fourth in the primary race. it is a near must-wilifor rnia senator kamala

enrris, who made it clear she wants to gain on b >> and i will tell you, i fully intend to win this election. jardins: massachusetts senator elizabeth warren-- who is gaining on biden in south carolina-- also tried to stand out. >>'m in this fight because believe the time for small ideas is over. ja need big structural change. >> dins: new jersey senator cory booker took a notably softer tone in the palmetto state, after a week of public feuding with biden over remarks touting his work with segregationist lawma >> let's all dedicate ourselves in this election to making this about taking it back. not for elected, not for connected, but for the people of the united states of america. >> desjardins: absent, south bend, indiana mayor pete buttigieg, who spenayt su addressing an uproar in his hometown over the shooting of black man-- 54-year-old eric logan-- by a white police officer.

>> we are here, first and st, because the city is hurting. because the city is in pain. because someone among our number died at the hands of another person. >> desjardins: buttigieg faced tense pushback from a majority waack audience, so of whom said he prioritizing his presidential bid over the city. ttigieg said he is committed to addressing the ise, and that the nation must deal with systemic racism. tough issues of race and inequality seem sure to stay with the growing-- democratic field. former pennsylvania congressman and navy admiral joe sestak jumped into the race thi weekend, bnging the total number of democratic candidates to 24. and, it's time forpolitics monday." i'm joined by tamara keith of npr. she also co-hosts the "npr politics podca." and, thelisha eaddy from south carolina public dio. she joins us from coluia.

thank you both for joining us. let's start right away, tam, with you and mr. buttigieg. we've seen a lot of strength from him in this campaign. what did this weekend tell us about his potential weaknesses? >> he has a day job, and he has been selling himself as somebody who is this mayor t fris mid-sized small-sized city and touting that execute experience, but this weekend, keis problem that has overt his city, this challenge highlights that he is not particularly well known with african-american voters, he ha t been able to really gain traction with them in a lot of places, and he is struggling in ans own city to deal with a problem that mayors have had to deal with, but it comes at a time wh, you know, everyone else is in south carolina trying to appeal to an electorate that is 60% african-american on the democratic side. >> it's interesting. ttigieg has been doing generally well in south carolina, number three o

four depending on how you look at it. but how did voters, especially black voters forichom p shootings is a personal issue, how did they view his decisiony to some this weekend? >> it's really interesting, thousands of people came out is past weekend to hear these candidates talk about how they wi serve them, the american people, and the issues that they care about. so over the weekend at the fish wey, when i was talking with theme, these voter telling me that they saw his absence as a leader putting his people, his home first, and i think this really resonated with black voters here in south rolina. e reason why he was absent is also something that black votert are payinntion to and can appreciate. it's an issue that resonate very strongly not just with icrican-american voters but voters of all et races in the country here in south carolina and also across the country. unfortunately, we have seen m people of color shot and killed by some police officers, it

happened here in south carolina in april of 2015, with walter scott, and, so, i think african-americans saw his absence as a leader who decided to do his job, to take care of his constitnts, and i think they're seeing it as a bell weather as well. if he's doing his job weow as a mayor, he will do his job well as president. he will take care of us and thew issues thacare about, and i think that's what voters were real expressing thisekend. they were really excited to see all of the candidates, but i don't think that he took a major hit here in south carolina because he wasn't here on friday. >> let's talk about the man leading theack in south carolina, thelisha. joe biden, aockytart, and comments about civility and his work in the pastwith some segregationist senators, how did that or did not affect voters at the fish fry? how d they think of biden after that and after seeing him

in person? >> that was really interesting. yes, biden was in the press a lot this past week because of the comments, but he also got olpport from high-ranking african-americanical and community leaders. i did get a chance to talk with a range of people at e fish fry from younger voters to older voters, and some f them did say that they were put off by his comments, and these concerns c across generational lines. again, young people and older people said i just can't get with the comments. i think other candidates handled the comments or eak respectfully about racial issues, but a lot of people said i did not agree with what he said but it was not enough for me to cut him o, and those concerns or issues cut across romerational lines as well the very young, people in college, recent grads, and even a 65-year-old army veten in the locountry area. th said they're leading toward biden or with him all the way

but nocuwanting tt him out yet. >> schifrin: wyet. what do you think about warren,booker, has ri, what are ridoing or not doing well? >> booker andujarries are banking a lots on south carolica. they'raigning in iowa and new hampshire, but south carolina is a state they are banking on helping push them into super tuesday and other southern states ilifornia that are observe the ballot after south nacaro warren is continuing to sort of notch up and generate excitement as she goes. she's got sort of a slow burn going, and she's on bernie sanders' heels in se way,but it's not a horse race. >> thelisha, o more south carolina question. it's notable that in the last two democratic primaries we saw blowouts, barack obama first, hillary clinton just decimated the field when it came to voting

day. do you see that kind of gavel -f gavellization potential this time aroundot >> thetial, yes. here's the thing -- when i talk elwith voters, they areng me, yes, i'm throwing my support behind this particular candide and i am going to do everything i can to make sure that this candid ne is theinee, but in case that does not happen, i will support whoever that nominee is. regardless of who i talked with, males, fems, young voters, older voters, that is what they said. there were camps of people spreadhroughout downtown columbia all weekend long, and they had hair signs and they were cheering for their candidates, but they let you know that they were very, very serious that whoever the nominee is, they will support. that's a little differe from what we saw back in 16, especially with bernie sanders supporters. i think those supporters felt disenfranchised or ignored by the process.

i'm not getting that this time kiound, and i think that's sp to how excited voters are about the opportunity or the potential ogeing new administration in the white house. >> that's intereing. tam, i'm going to switch topics now and put on your wte house correspondents' hat. on friday we saw new accusations from a writer, who publicly accused the president of attacking her in the 1990s in a department store. tsr description of what happened he legal definition of rape, and her friends from the "times" say that she brought up this attack soon after it ppened. the president denies it. he says she's just trying to sell a book. but again, we have perhaps the most serious allegation against him to date. it is he said she said. do you think there is political repercussions from this potentially or no? >> therentre familiar rs to this. a credible accusation against president trump. there have been numerous

credible accusations against hin erous women over time and president trump always b denies it, and then where does it go fromhere? there was the access hollywood video, there was where he talk about assault and said you can do it if you're a star, and, so, what you have here is user formed, people who weren't persuaded by the last numero credible allegations are unlikely to be persuaded by this one. >> tamera keith, last week, when you compared the trum rally to a grateful dead concert, you understand where they're coming from. >> i apologize for the error. the grateful dead do not play greatest hits at terheir cots. >> tamera keith, thelisha eaddy, thank you both.

>> schifrin: stay with us. coming p on the newshour: a multi-generational look at the legacy of the stonewall uprising, 50 years since the launch of the gay rights movement. oregon state troopers search for ers, in hiding to avoid voting on a climate change bill. nturies-old violin that travels with armed guards and gets its own airplane seat this weekend, the white house unveiled the first half its israeli-palestinian peace plan, a $50 billion economic blueprint designed to double palan jod.p., and create a million , without adressing the political future. the report's author, senior advisor and presidential son-in- law jared kushner, compared it to the marall plan. >> this is a similar notion, you're not just giving

people a fish, like we've been doing re for a long time, you're teaching them to fish, and then you're buying them fishing rods and you're helping them become something that will be much more sustainable. >> schifrin: in response, palestinian protestors demonstrated across multiple cities, and palestinian authority president mahmoud abbas said palestinians wanted a helitical solution first, even if he admittedalso need economic support. today, more than a million tylestinian refugees live in absolute pov more than 250,000 are unable to meet basic food needs. the sole agency dedicated to assist them is the u.n. relief and works agency, known as u.n.r.w.a. the trump administration has cut all economic support to ren.r.w.a. before the plan'ase, i spoke to mattias schmale, u.n.r.w.a.'s gaza director, and gwyn lewis, u.n.r.w.a.'s west bank director, and asked why the palestinian response, even before the plan wamade public, was so negative. >> well, i don't think any palestinian wod argue with the dc that west bank and gaza need economelopment and support, i think that's t mething everybody agrees with. i think whe palestinian community are saying to me and ularrefugees in partic

because that's whom we work with is that they want to be part of the discussion. they don't want somebody to come innd decide for them on their economic future. >> the challenge of just looking at the economics, and this is what the palestinian authority has beenaying i think very, very publicly is at what cost, and if there's t going to be any political agreement, economic investment won't suffice. there is a real interest i economic investment but there needs to be a political process as well. >> and has to happen simultaneously. >> absolutely, yeah. let me turn to you and ask about son greenblatt's criticism of the agency. recently, he was sp to the u.n. security council and this wr what he had to say. is a band raid and the erlestinians who use its services de much better. we do not have to wait until a corehensive solution to the

israeli-palestinian conflict is in place to address that fact. >> schifrin: ura a band-aid? is there an economic plan that can replace it? , no, unwra is not a band-aid. in gazawe provide basic education. en run 274 schools which had 280,000 st in them in the school year that has just finished. i fail to see how providing basic education to a very marginalized people is band-aid. run 22 primary healthcare centers which provide 1 million consultations over each three-month period. again, i cannot understand how keeping people healthy is band-aid. the reason is because of political failure, what the refugees need is a solution, ju solution in the form of a country they can call their own. >> schifrin: and iazn g u.n.'s warned gaza will be

unlivable by 2020, 13 hours of power cuts, unemployment, seems like the trends are going in the wrong direction. how do thoget fixed? >> it's already unlivable for th52% who are unemployed. what's livable about living in a cut off from the rest of the world, with little or no chance to find a decent job? now, h can this be fixed? i think one clear thing that needs to happen is to ease orh liftblock aid. you can't have a thriving economy of 2 million people cut off from the rest of the world. also there needs to be good government inside gaza in terms of the people who control gaza. >> schifrin: can hamas provide od government? >> i think their track record over the last ten years or so is a dism one. so there are many people who are skeptical that they can do so, and i'm one of those who, on behalf of the united nations, says we need to prepare for and elections.decent you know, there were elections

15 years ago or so, and it's likely over time that elections happen and that proper alternatives are presented for people to vote on. >> schifrin: gwyn lewis, there is, of course, ona distincnot only between gaza and west bank but also the u.s. and israel. the u.s., the trump administration defunded unwra. israel, though, as nneot ssarily called for unwra's dissolution but has different criticisms of unwra, saying unwra criticizes, particularly the textbooksf sools. and when i was in gaza in 2014, i saw weapons stored in unwra's facility. o what's your response to israeli criticisyour organization? >> the first on the curricula is really the u.n generally, all of the u.n. uses textbooks of the cotry of or jen, it's good

practice. the textbooks we use are the palestinian authority textbooks. we don't just use them. we monitor and review them when we use them in the classroom. ematicn we find probl materials in the textbooks, we develop other materials toad ess them but also train our teachers how to best approach tie children who are taught in a constr way. the other issues when there have been issues with the schools, and there have been a couplof occasions when we have found arms in schools, it was una who filed it with the israeli authorities, it was unwra who asked hamas to remove the weapons from the schools. >> schifrin: i'm wondering how your reception has been in washington. what are the u.s. offiials saying of you and what are you asking of them? >> we didn't come here think we will get checks written anytime soon, but we see it as portant to maintain this relationship. the united states conss of many people, and we should not just be led by those people who are current running the white

house. we have met many people who are very sympa to the plight of palestine refugees. so, yes, thle message i w give them is one of cautious optimism that, at one point, we may be able to rebuild this partnersh partnership. >> mattias schmale, gwyn lewis, on unrest in gaza and the west bank, thank you very much. >> thank you. >> schifrin: in oron tonight, there are 11 people missing-- 11 state lawmakers who are nowhere to be found, as part of a partisan standoff that is now in its fifth day. and as william brangham reports, there is no end in sight. >> brangham: this was the scene today, in oregon's state senate chamber. once again, it's much emptier than normal. the body's 11 republicans did not show up for work again, tter launching a walkout five

days ago to st state senate from acting on a coentious climate bill. that bill would make oregon just the second state in the nation to put in place a so-called cap-and-trade system to try and limit the carbon emissions that are driving climate change. the state house has already ineared the bill, with strong bafrom environmental groups. udbut opponents-- which in workers in the state's logging industry-- rallied at a weekend protesat the state capitol, saying that a cap-and-trade system would hurt certain industries. >> this bill is going to destroy the logging industry, and kly, it's going to make people like me, who are wildland firefighters, it's going to make our jobs more deadly. >> under d senator brian boquist. >> branggim: with the ative session set to conclude at the end of this month, senate repuicans last week telegraphed that they were considering a walkout. >> we're at e 11th hour. if you don't think these boots are for walking, you're flat wrong, mr. president. and if you send the state police

vto get me, hell's going it you personally. >> brangham: that me state senator-- republican brian boquist-- also issued a threat: thatf democratic governor ka brown were to order state police to try and forcibly return him and other legislators, there nduld be violence. >> send bachelors,ome heavily armed. >> brangham: brown has, in fact, badered state police to bring ck the senators who walked out. >> senate republicans failed to show up, and failed to do their jobs. >> brangham: she has also said she'd force lawmakers to convene e en if the clock on the legislatssion runs out. for the pbs newshour, i'm william brangham. >> schifrin: when patrons of a new york citgay bar called the stonewall inn battled with halice on a june night in 1969, few coul envisioned the

movement it sparked for gaceptance and equality fo and lesbian people. as part of our coverage of this week's 5h anniversary of the stonewall uprising, john yang spoke to two women from different generations about what the movement haschieved and their visions for the future. >> yang:or karla jay, and her wife, karen kerner, even running errands in their upper west odde neighborhorings reminders of this month's milestone pride celebration. >> oh, look,ride coffee! >> oh, that's hilarious! >> yang: jay, a retired college professor, is among the pioneers of the l.g.b.t.q. rights movement: the first female chair of the gay liberation fron one of the earliest activist groups to emerge from stonewall. college student mya padilla, who is bisexual, is getting ready for pride weekend, too. she is an intern at the brooklyn community pride center-- what she hopes is the first step in a career of community organizing.

jay and padilla are two links in the long chain of l.g.b.t.q. rights activists. we introduced them to each other new york's lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender ormmunity center. their s provide a glimpse g. how attitudes toward the l.t.q. community and haotections for their rights haveed over the last half- century-- and how they haven't. jay was raised in broo a i grew up in the early 1950s, and we didn't ha vocabulary for being a lesbian or gay man or trans. i just knew that i wasn't like my mother, i wasn't like my mother's friends. i had no words for bei different. d i grew up in staten isl for a majority of my very young life. i knew one lesbian couple. and even then, the way they were spoken about, and the way that their family was spoken about,

was different. >> yang: for both, college was a turning point-- in very different ways. >> i went upstate for school. i really found myself in an area, in a situation where i was removed from the prying eyes of my family, my friends. and, free to be whoever i wanted to be. w and the first time that i feel removed enough from my reality to play out this part of who i am. >> the first week of college, i heard that two girls in the srm room who were making out wen by a guy across the bireet at columbia with a cular, and they were gepelled. and that encoume to hide in the closet very deeply for a number of years. >> yang: she only ca to her parents in her late 20s, when she was about to appear on a nationally-televised talk show toiscuss gay rights. she wanted to tell her father "irst.

>> i said, "ok, my being lesbian is like my being left- handed." discovered he wasn't hap that i was left-handed. >> yang: they planneto keep her mother in the dark, and away from the television. it didn't work. >> my aunt called her up in the middle of the night and said," your daughter's on television-- and she's a queer." she called my father into the bedroom. she said to my father, "karla's on tv and she says she's a lesbia what is it?" >> yang: what was you relationship like th your parents from then on? >> my mother grew to tolerate it if i came to visit them with a partner. but my father never accepted it. he finally decided i was not his biological child, and he erased me from his life >> yang: i can imagine how painful that was. mya, what was your experiee like? >> i had a different experience.

i came out to my parents iofmy junior yeaollege. they were understanding, though there was a bit of a knowledge gap: what do it mean to be bisexual? >> yang: is it harder because anu're telling people you're bisexual rather elling them you're a lesbian? f oh, 100%. we're spoken if we don't a ist in the community at all. as if we're playinme, choosing the ability to be queer and choosing to be straight when it's beneficial. but my years in the closet anst as painful. >> y from the center, we set out through the streets of greenwich village, for an address jay remembers we. it's now a restaurant. but from 1965 until 1973, it was home to kooky's, at the time one of new york's few lesbian bars. >> it was so oppressive in here

for us. >> yang: she recalls bartenders coercing patrons to buy more drinks and strictly rationing toilet paper for the bathroom-- only two sheets per customer. so even though you were treated horribly, it was still a safe haven? >> it was the only place we had. weut up with everything gratefully. we were happy to go in and see women who looked like us. >> yang: how do your experiences ri lesbian bars compare to what karla des at kooky's? >> oh, a lot more positive. a lot more positive. ea yang: these days, padilla has more-- and more nt and nurturing-- options, like the brooklyn community pride center, where she is as intern. >> tnter has given me a lot of different opportunities to grow, just as a person. it's really given me place to really integrate all of, i think, the skills that i have and all of the expernce that i've hadnd added that last

component of queerness into ita >> yang: it'long way from 1969 and stonewall. the morning after the uprising, jay headed to the bar. one of the first things she saw was a message the window. >> it was a big sign telling people to keep the peace, to cooperate with the police and to go home and be peaceful. and i was shocked, because it seemed to me this was not the time to be peaceful. there was a lot of anger, and people were just talking and whshouting and saying, " do we do, what do we do? this is enough. lr have to stop it. enough aeady." >> yang: when you think about what was launched here that night, in the past 50 years, what do you think? >> i think it's really amazing, what has happened. that was a sea change in how we wought about ourselves and how e going to take our

m ghts. if they gave t us or not, we were here to take them. >> yang: karla, how old were you in 1969? >> 22 years old. >> yang: mya, how old are you? >> i'm 22. >> yang: what's your hope, or, what's your vision, for the next w years? >> i hope thre sustaining what we have, right, fstst and foremo but we're expanding into other movements, and making our voices heard on those boards, in those marches, on those committees. if our voice isn't heard with other social movements, then we're not going to create a society that's truly integrated. >> when we lit our torches in the embers of the stonewall uprising, we had no idea where we would go. to see someone like mya, who's got a torch burning brightly-- i still have my torch, i'm limping along-- but to see young women like her, my hope is so bright and wonderful now. >> yang: you see a little bit of

yourself? >> yes, and it's great, you know, and she will define her own issues, and she's going to see that in 50 years, people will think that discrimination against l.g.b.t. people was a science fiction movie. >> yang: two women born 50 years apart, marking a movement's milestone anniversary-- and ading into the next 50 years. for the pbs newshour, i'm john yang in new york. >> schifrin: finallymeonight, the paganini violin recently tveled to ohio under particularly tight security. buu as jackie shafer of wos in columbus reports, all the tions were for good reason. the story is part of our ongoing arts and cultureeries, "canvas." ♪ ♪

>> reporter: the paganini violin is considered an italian ittional treasure. insured for about $35 million, and the only person normally allowed to handle it is conservator bruce carlson. >> it's mostly that the instrument is so special and, you know, to the genovese, that they absolutely do not want anything to happen to it. >> reporter: on the rare occasion that the paganini violin does travel from its home in genoa, italy, it requires its own seat on the plane and an armed security escort. still there! >> reporter: in its nearly 300 years of existence, the instrument has only traveled to the united states on fr occasions: to san francisco in 1999, to new york city in 1982 and 2003, and this columbus, ohio, where it was busplayed-- for one week only-- at the colmuseum of art. ede paganini violin was owned and ply the celebrated n th century virtuoso niccolo paganini, offerred to as

"the devil's violinist." upon his death in 1840, he bequeathed his violin to the city of genoa, where it lives on permanent splay in city hall under tight humidity and temperature controls. today, tourists from all over the world travel to genoa to view-- but notear-- the renowned instrument. >> the violin itself is made by one of the two most famous violin makers of all time, and both werfrom cremona. there was antonio stradivari, and there was giuseppe guarneri del gesu. you put these two things together with the aura of niccolo paganini and then giuseppe guarneri del gesu, the violin maker, then it's the perfect combination. >> reporter: back in ohio, columbus symphony concertmaster joanna frankel was given only a few precious hours to rehearse on the violin before a one- night-only performance. >> one of the things we try to do, which is part of the conservation thing, is to make sure that who is playing the instrument is, you know, really qualified to play the instrument, because i think

we'd have a line outside the door if we said that anybody could play it, you know. nd it does feel very sacred to f live up to the history of such a fine antique. "> reporter: paganini named the violinil cannone," meaning the cannon, due to its explosive ouund. >>ust feel like with the esightest touch, the sound reverberll over the room, into the hall, down thet. you just feel this unbridled power. >>deporter: and that unbrid power graced the audience as frankel finally performed on the paganini symphony orchestra program featuring italian composers. columbus symphony music director rossen milanov: >> it's just designed to tshowcase the uniqueness instrument, and also to showcase the beautiful, versatile function that the violin could have, in the context o orchestra, both as an orchestral instrument and also as a solo.

>> reporter: for the pbs newshour, i'm jackie shafer in columbus, ohio. >> schifrin: and that's the newshour for tonight. i'm nickchifrin. join us online, and again here tomorrow evening. i hope you had a good day. for all of us at the s newshour, thank you, a see you soon. >> major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by: >> babbel. a language app that teaches real-life co ersations in a new anguage, like spanish, french, german, italia more. >> consumer cellular. >> financial services firm raymond james. >> and by the alfred p. sloan foundation. losupporting science, tech, and improved economic performance and financial literacyn the 21st century.

>> supported by the john d. and cathine t. macarthur foundation. committed to building a more just, veant and peaceful world. more information at macfound.org >> and with the ongoing support of these institutions t s program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting. and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. captioning sponsored by newshour productions, llc captioned by media access group at wgbh access.wgbh.org to "amanpour & company."

here's what's coming up. >> i'm not sure the current president listens to the secretary of defense. >> former defense secretary ash carter tells me what it takes to run the pentagon and why he believes china and rsiare this administration's biggest foreign policy challenges. then -- >> ♪ what a world we're living in ♪ >> celebrating 80 years of gospel and soul, musiceg lend mavis staples on why she is still trying to sing america together. and later -- >> there are certain paternal truths abo washington, the cynicism of politicians and the people around them as they grasp for power that just holds up. >> producer frank rich tel