captioning sponsored by newshour productions, llc >> schifrin: good evening. i'm nick schifrin. judy woodrf is away. on the newshour tonight: tensions in the persian gulfri continue t as president trump announces first-everan u.s.ions targeting the supreme leader of iran. then, a conversationformer speaker of the house paul ryan on the trump administration, the economy, and the next presidential election. plus, with just dayso go before the first democratic presidential primary debate, a look at the state of for 2020. and, stonewall at 50. reflections on the journey and future of the gay rights invement, a half-century after the landmark uprisg that lauitnched the push for equ >> that was a sea change in how we thought about ourselves and how we were going to take our rights. if they gave them to us or not,

we were here to take them. >> schifrin: all that and more, on tonight'sbs newshour. major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by: >> babbel. a language program that teaches spanish,rench, italian, german, and more. >> consumer cellular. >> financial services firm ymond james. >> the william and flora hewlett .oundation for more than 50 years, advancing ideas and supporting institutions to promote a better world. at www.hewlett.org. >> and with the ongoing support of these institutions: and individuals.

>> this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting. and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. >> schifrin: president trump has fired a new salvo of sanctionsth at iran- time, targeting the islamic republic's supreme leader. at the same time, the administration is pursuing a diplomatic offensive, after mr. trump called off planned air strikes last week. today, america'sop diplomat met with the two most powerful men in the persian gulf-- saudi crown prince mohammad bind salman, emirati crown prince mohammad bin zayed, and the national security advisor continued his trip to israel to enhance what the u.s. is calling an "an-iran alliance." and the u.s. increased its

pressure on iran, with president trump previewing its first-ever sanctions on irani supreme leader, ali khamenei. >> sanctions impos through the executive order that i'm about to sign will deny the suprem leader, and the supreme leader's m fice, and those closely affiliated with hiand the office, access to key financial resources and support. >> schifrin: the sanctions are a response to iran's shooting down and displing a u.s. surveillance drone last week, and what the u.s. calls iranianr minees on tankers in the gulf of oman. today, u.s. officials said they would appeal to asian a help defend commercial tankers by creating a naval coalition designed to deter iranian attacks inhe waters through which 20% of the world's oil flows. jonathan cohen is the ting u.s. ambassador to the u.n.n >> ist understand that these attacks are unacceptable. it's time for the world to join us in saying so. >> schifrin: president trumpor also repdly ordered two

cyber attacks, one against the unit that organized the tanker strikes, and another that targeted iranian missile command and control. today, iran's ambassadoro the u.n., majid takht-ravanchi, called the united states the aggressor. >> you cannot start a dialogue with somebody who is threatening you, who is intimidating you. >> schifrin: karim sadjapour, a middle east pert at the carnegie endowment, said thiste round of sanctions may not change iranian behavior. >> i don't think it's going to be enough to breakhem and force them to capitulate. but it could trier a further iranian response in thi cs escalatile we are already in. >> schifrin: sadjadpour fears the cyber attacks the u.s. launched in retaliation ag iran could backfire. >> iran, as a recipient of major cyber-attacks, has become much more adept at them, because it has simply reverse-engineered some of the cyber-attacks it's been faced with. >> schifrin: president trump

reiterated the administration's long list of demands on iran. but with that stick, came this carrot: >> i look forward to the day when sanctions can be finally lifted and iran can become a peaceful, prosperous, and productive nation. th can go very quickly; it can be tomorrow. it can also be in, years from now. >> schifrin: secretary of state pompeo continues his consultations in the pn gulf region, tomorrow. in the day's other news, there's word the u.s. gornment is moving most of the 300-plus children currently held at a border patrol station near el paso, texas. the associated press had reported kids going without food and swers, and some falling sick. it said older children had to re for babies and toddle. today, the office of texas congresswoman veronica escobar said only about 30 children remain at the site. rs is unclear where the othe were taken. in turkey, the opposition celebrated through the night after winning the mayor's race in istanbul with 54% of the vote. ta's a direct challenge to president recep yyip erdogan and what critics call his

increasingly authoritarian rule. tens of thousands of people flocked to the streets after sunday's vote, cheering and waving flags. today, they said the v oppositiictory offers hope of breaking erdogan's hold on power after 16 years. >> ( translated ): it's like we jumped for joy, followhe election results. we were expecting it, but it was even better with this margin. at the very least, god willingav thisin istanbul will spread across turkey. everyone has to haig the r to live the way they want. >> schifrin: the opposition won rathe initial istanbul may contest in march by a smaller margin. elections ficials ordered a re-run, after erdogan's party claimed voting irregularities. back in this country, a missouri judge allowed the state's lone abortion clinic to continue operating, at least through friday. state officials had declined to renew the license for the st. louislanned parenthood facility. the judge today extended a preliminary innction, giving the clinic time to appeal to an administrative panel. if it loses, missouri would

become the first state without an abortion clinic since 1974. 74 medical and public health mateps warned today that c change is a national health emergency. the american medical association, american heart association and otherssed a climate agenda. ac advocates reducing the use of petroleum, and ng a carbon-pricing plan. on wall street, the dow jones industrial average gained eight points to close at 26,727.e sdaq fell 26 points, and the s&p 500 slipped five. and, two sports items. in the women's world cup, the u.s. beat spain, 2 to 1. they'll play france in the quarterfinals on friday. and, italy won the right to host the 2026 winter olympics. they'll be held in milan and the alpine ski resort cortina d'amstpezzo. l to come on the newshour: increasing the transparency of your medical bills-- what the white hous surprise costs. stop a wide-ranging conversation with former speaker of the

house paul ryan. where the 2020 democratic presidential candidates stand just days before the first debate. a new middle east peace plan confronts the financial hardships faced by palestinians in gaza and the westh ank. plus, mre. >> schifrin: national polls show americans believe healthcare e ices and drug costs are their top pocketbook concerns. today, president trump took aim at hospitals and insurers, with executive orders requiring more transparency around what patients actually pay. but there are questions about the extent to which the orders will help patients, and whether they could have unintended onsequence the president's announcement today comes as the public is increasingly angry about surprise medical bills.

right now, hospitals and insurers keep patients costs for procedures as secret, proprietary information. today's executive order would require healthcare providers to disclose-- before treatment-- ayat patients will have to the hope is that patients would shop around for better prices. surprise medical bills come when insured patients are treated at a hospital by a doctor not in the same insurance network. that happened to andrew haymann, who was treated by a plastic n for a shard of glass in his ankle at an e.r. he told megan thompson of newshour weeket his share of the bill was $5,0 >> i'm thinking, there's no way this is insane.this. it's kind of almost like forev if you want to call it false advertising when you get some kind of a crazy bill from someone who's not in the network and you really had no fntrol over tt that that, that they would be there. >> schifrin: a new study by the kaiser family foundation found that that about one in six americans were surprised by a medical bill after treatment in

a hospital in 2017. the order issued by the president today does directly address those bills, but it does require hospitals and doctors to disclose the discounted prices hospitals are negotiating with insurers. president trump said true cost transparency was overdue. >> and there's no consistency, no predictability, and frankly no rhyme nor reason for what's been happening for many years. we believe the american people have a right to know before they go to the doctor. pricl come down by numbers you won't even believe. >> schifrin: would these moves help bring down patiensts? we explore that question with elisabeth rosenthal, the editor- ef of kaiser health news and author of "an american sickness," about the costs of the healthcare system and its impact on patien thank you very much for coming on to the "newshour". when secretary of health and human services alex cesar today previewed the pnt's executive order he said, this is up with of the most significant eps in the long history of

american healthcare reform. is i >> it's important. transparency is good if you get an accurat accurate estimate oft of pocket costs you can make consumer decisions in elective surgeries and admissions so, in that sense,s good. what's more debatable is we know now that he wants the hospitals to give us the rates that they negotiate with insurers, which are much less than the list prices. so how will patients use those and how will ose be defined is the big question. >> schifrin: that seems to be e key. will patients, will we get the actual costs that we will owe after our insurance covers or will we get something different, perhaps what the hospitals owe. >> that's the big question. if i go to a contractor and say i want my kitchen renovated and he gives me an estimate of $1,000, and then they ask for $5,000, i say no. you can't do that in hospitals because you've already had the

thre. >> schifrine values, the colonels that we're talking about that we pay out of our pockets, these are proprietary. the insurers sayhey don't want to give us this because they don't want us to shop around. how bad willthey fight this? >> they're fighting it very hard. they say if you release the prices, the insir deals, prices could go up, which is counterintuitive. busein healthcare we ofte if one person is charge less and they see the company next door is charging twice as much they raise the price to the sticky ceiling, it's calledstky pricing. so it depends on whether there's a consumer mket where we the patients, the insured can g compare price and go for the bottom one. >> schifrin: will thesute exe orders create that market? >> not in and of itself. it is a long road before that. i think any transparency is good. technology can help us get to

meaningful prices in competition, but whether there's the will to get us there, hospitals, insurers may not want oat out in then because, you know, they don't really want the market to worrk hee always. >> and bottom line, why have these issues become such a pocketbook issue frior aans? >> a lot of forces are coming together right now. first of all, a lot of us have high-ductable ans so we're paying these bills out of pocket. a lot of other things is theree narrower networks, so we encounter more surprise bills,r and anothing is, in the old days, i was wea physician, w employed by hospitals, so, you know, the hospital cou control what we charged. now most doctors and hospitals are contractors, hat includes the er doctor, the intensive care doctor taking care of your newborn, and they c charge kind of whatever they want, and those rates are not parent until you get your e.o.b. and the bill, and then you're stuck,

right. you can't say, oh, i would have taken by baby elsewhere. that just doesn't make sense. so whether it can become aan gful market i think is really up in the air. >> schifrin: elisabeth rosenthal editor-in-chief of kaiser health news, thank you so much. >> thanks for having me. >> schifrin: republican paul ryan served in congress for more anan 20 years, ran for vice presiden until six months ago, was speaker of the house. he walked away from all of that when he chose not to s- election last year. now, he is a private citizen who comments very rarely about politics. judy woodruff had a chance to speak with him last night at the pen ideas festival in colorado. >> woodruff: where are americans right now, in terms of how they think about politics and how they think about government? >> extremely polarized. so if you you especially look at twitter,

you're going to pull your hair out. but if you leaook unde that or what i always try to tell our members is don't pay attention to all the white noise, do your work, things, for the most part, still get done, the system still works, the checks and balances do work. woodruff: let's ta about economically. where do you see us right now as a ry, how strong is the economy -- >> that's what i feel good about. look at our growth rates. wages are at the fastest growth rate than they have been in ten years, we have great productivity. we have more jobopenings than people looking for jobs in america. geople are getting out of college and gettgood jobs. we have low inflation, fast economic growth, andhe kind of growth we're looking for when we rod tax reform gave us the type ofctivity increases we wanted. >> woodruff: in terms of the economy, for president trump up r reelection, how important is it that growth -- what difference does it make whether growth is 3%, as you said, or what if it were 1% or 1 and a

half? >> it's huge. the economy has a great, great deal to determine whether or not prperson gets reelected as ident of the united states. that's why i think it's trump's to lose because of the economy anhow good the economy is doing. more importantly, if the economy in sectors of our society that haven't seen growth. >> woodruff: let's talk abou trade for a minute, president trump's signature issue. is now the republican party the protectionist party? >> i hope not. i think if you stand still on trade you will fall behind because other countries will get better trade agreements between themselves and we'll ose markets. the vet and i have not agreed on a lot of these issues. i didn't want to pick fights on our allies like north america and canada, but i absolutely agree with his decision on china. that is one where i always believe that's a fight we need to fight because they're not playing by the rules. >> woodruff: the president has

oncused a massive amount of attentiommigration. is the g.o.p. thousand the anti-immigration party? >> no,t's not. there's a legitimate problem on the southern border, no two ways about it, a serious problem, but we also have an utterly broken system. you know,e have these per-country caps. indians are waiting for, like, 30ears to get dream cards and it doesn't make a whole lot of sense. if we can get this immigration issue fixed, then i think we're going to be in really good >> woodruff: you now have families coming across the border in record numbers. we are reading heartbreaking ories everydayabout children separated from their parents, some of them in terrible conditions. i mean, how can this be happening in the united states of america? >> we ed to change ur asylum laws. they give the perverse incentive that if you come over, say the right thing, you can come into the country, so thesnre an effectual border. so we need to tighten up the

asylum laws. >> woodruff: i want to ask you more about the republican party. when you were getting into politics, there was this really fierce debate going on in the repuican party between being inclusive and not being inclusive. >> yeah. >> woodruff: has the not eaclusive side won? >> there are different labels you can throw around here, but aspirational and inclusive politics is not one we daily face. but this is happening on both sides of the aisle. what i feel is occurring is we t is called entertainment wings of our parties. so you have the entertainment wings which you c make -- a person can make a lot of money on polarization. iveon't see hopeful inclu politics, i see people kind of angry running for office, an that to me is something that ge're going to have to try and hopefully ch >> woodruff: i was going to ask you about this later, but eaes that explain why joe biden ising in the polls? >> i think he is the one

exception. he is the only one who is kind of running what i would call a centrist type of campaign, and all the oth ones are running hard to the left, and i think that's going to help the president, frankly, and joe's going to get hit from both sides, and whether he can endure and stick on to that for a year and a half is anybody'guess. why i think it's the president's ec lose, he has a great economy, a great rd of accomplishment underneath him. >> woodruff: why haven't most republicand up to president trump when they disagreed with him? >> he and i had plenty of arguments over the phone, in person, over lots of issues, and henound -- actually, then he didn't read about it in the paper the next day, i think he appreciated it and it wasore successful. so i think a lot of reblicans have learned air your grievous personally and privately and you will have a betr succesof trying to achieve what you're trying to achieve. >> woodruff: h much more disagreement is there with him and with his policy than what we

see on the surface? >> more than you think. >> woodruff: is the g.o.p. now clearly the party of donald trump? >> i cannot tell you how many times this run aroundmeica, particularly in wisconsin, where people who didn't participate in politics before said that guy speaks to me, that guy is fftually doing something that's making a dence in my life. so it's guttural, and i know people see, oh, my god that's twitter and the things he says about this person and that person drives people nuts, the base republican tesees that guy is not backing down and he's fighting for me. e woodruff: and setting a goample for children for the next generati? (cheers and applause) >> answer the question. >> woodruff: i'm sorry? i said i answered your question. >> woodruff: the republican party was the party of ronald reagan for long after he was in office. is that going to be the case for the republicanty? >> i don't know. i think it's his to lose, like i said, but ifhe's the presient

for eight years, yeah, that's probably likely the case. >> woodruff: paul ryan, thank you very much. >> you bet, thank you, judy. (appuse) aignchifrin: on the ca trail today, democrats proposed new policies ranging from student debt to veterans to immigration reform. as lisa desjardins reports, it all capped off a weekend spent appealing to voters of color. >> we have a generation of aople who are drowning in debt. >> desjardinambitious plan to forgive $1.6 trillion in student debt. vermont senator and democratic presidential candidate bernie sanders today unveiled new legislation that he says would pay off the loans of 45 million americans, by taxing wall street transactions. also today, former texas congressman beto o'rourke unveiled a plan of his own--

to boost funding for veterans health care, by applying what he a "war tax" on wealthy, non-military households. >> we the veterans who have served ais country. >> desjardin, in a "miami enrald" op-ed, former vice presjoe biden outlined a broad vision for general immigration reformi' >> so, folkshere to tell you, i hope to be your nominee. i'm going to wk as hard as i can to get your support. >> desjardins: this weekend, biden enjoyed a warm welcome by the crowd in sth carolina, where polls show him at the top of the field. he and nearly every other 2020 democratic candidate attended a must-visit fish fry hosted by congressmaclyburn, the highest ranking black lawmaker in congress. south carolina is key for two reasons. 60% of democrats in the state are black, and the state votes fourth in the primary race. it is a near must-win for california senator kamala harris, who made it clear she

wants to gain on biden. >> and i will tell you, i fully intend to win this election. >> desjardins: massachusetts senator elizabeth warren-- who is gaining on biden in south carolina-- also tried to stand out. >> i'm in this fight because i believe the time for small ideas is over. we need big structural change. >> desjardins: new jersey senator cory booker took a notably softer tone in the palmetto state, after a we public feuding with biden over remarks touting his work with dgregationist lawmakers. >> let's aicate ourselves in this election to making this about taking it back. ort for elected, notor connected, buthe people of the united states of america. >> desjardins: absent, south be buttigieg, who spent sunday addressing an uproar in his town over the shooting o a black man-- 54-year-old eric logan-- by a white police officer.

>> we are here, first and foremost, because the city is hurting. because the ty is in pain. because someone among our number died at the hands of another peon. >> desjardins: buttigieg faced tense pushback from a majority black audience, some of whom said he was prioritizing his pres.ential bid over the city buttigieg said he is committed to addressing the issue, and that the nation must deal with systemic racism. tough issues of race and inequality seem sure to stay with the crowded-- and still- growing-- democratic field. vyrmer pennsylvania congressman and dmiral joe sestak jumped into the race this moekend, bringing the total number of atic candidates to 24. and, it's time for "politics monday." i'm joined by tamara keith of npr. she also co-hosts th politics podcast." and, thelisha eaddy from sth carolina public radio. she joins us from columbia. ank you both for joining us. let's start right away, tam,

with you and mr. buttigieg. we've seen a lot of strengfrth him in this campaign. what tid this weekel us about his potential weaknesses? hashe has a day job, and h been selling himself as somebody who is this mayor from th mid-sized small-sized city and touting that executive experience, but thi weekend, this problem that has overtaken his city, this challenge highlights that he is not particularly well known with african-american votershe has not been able to really gain traction with them in a lot of places, and he is iruggling n his own city to deal with a problem that many mars have had to deal with, but it comes at a time when, you know, everyone else is in south carolina trying to appeal 0% an electorate that is 6 african-american on the democratic side. >> it's interesting. ingtigieg has been do generally well in south carolina, number three or four depending on how you look

at it. but how did voters, especially black voters f whom police shootings is a personal issue, how did they view h decision to stay home this weekend? >> it's really interesting, thousands of people came out this past weekend to hear tese candidates talk about how they anll serve them, the ameri people, and the issues that they care about. so over the weekend at the fish fry, when i was talking with theme, these voters were telling sa that they his absence as a leader putting his people, his home first, and i think this really resonated with black votersin south carolina. the reason why he was absent is also something that black voters are paying attention to and can appreciate. it's an issue that resonates very strongly n wt justh african-american voters but voters of all ethnic races inun the y here in south carolina and also across the country. unfortunaty, we have seen many people of color shot and killed by so police officers, it happened here in south carolina

in april of 2015, with walter sct, and, so, i think african-americans saw his absence as a leader who decid to do his job, to take care of his constituents, and i in they're seeing it as a bell weather as well. ma he's doing his job well now as ar, he will do his job well as president. he will take care f us and e issues that we care about, and i think that's what voters were really expressing this weekend. they were really excited to see all of the candidates, but i don't think that he took a major hit re in soutcarolina because he wasn't here on friday. >> let's talk about the man leading the pack in south carolina, thelisha. joe biden, a rocky start, and comments about civility and his work in the past with some segregationist senators, how did that or did not affect voters at the fish fry? how did they think of biden after that and after seeing him in person? >> that was really interesting.

yes, biden was in the press a lot this past we ekbecause of the comments, but he also got support fromigh-ranking african-american political and community leaders. i did get a chance to talk with a range of people at the fish fry from younger voters to older voters, and some of them did say that they were put of by his comments, and these concerns cut across gennational . again, young people and older people said i just can't ge with the comments. i think other candidates handled the comments or speaksp tfully about racial issues, but a lot of people said i did not agreeat with whe said but it was not enough for me to cut him off, and t concerns or issues cut across generational lines as well from the very young, peopl in college, recent grads, and even a 65-year-old army veteran in the locountry area. they said they're leading toward biden or with him all the way

but not wanting to cut him out yet. >> schifrin: wyet. what do you think abo warren,booker, has ri, what are ridoing or not doing well? >> booker andujarries are banking a lots on south carolina. they're campaigning in iowa and new hampshire, but south carolina is a state they are banking on helping push them into super tuesday and other southern states in california that are observe the ballot after south carolina. warren is continuing to sort of notch up ander gate excitement as she goes. she's got sort of a slow burn going, and she's on bernie sanders' heels in some way, but it's not a horse race. >> thelisha, one more south carolina qabstion. it's n that in the last two democratic primaries we saw blowouts, barack obama first, hillary clinton just decimated the field when it came to voting

day. do you see that kind of gavel -f gavellization potential this time aroun? >> the potential, yes. here's the thing -- when i talk with voters, they are telling me, yes, i'm throwing my support behind this particular candidate and i am going to doeverything i can to make sure that this candidate is the nominee, but in casedoes not happen, i will support whoever that nominee is. regardless of who i talked with, males, female young voters older voters, that is what they said. there were camps of peopl spread throughout downtown columbia all weekend long, and they had hair signs and were cheering for their candidates, but they let you know that they were very, very serious that whoevernohenee is, they will support. that's a little different from what we saw back in 2016, especially with bernders supporters. i think those supporters felt disenfranchised or ignored by the process. i'm not getting that this time

around, and think that's speaking to how excited voters are about the opportunity or the potential of getting new administration in the white house. >> that's interesting. tam, i'm gog to switch topics now and put on your white house correspondents' hat. on friday we saw new accusations from a writer, who publicly accused the president inf attaher in the 1990s in a department store. at happenedtion of w fits the legal definition of rape, and her friends from the ooimes" say that she brought up this attackafter it happened. the president denies it. he says she's just trying to sell a book. but again, we have perhaps the most serious allegation agas him to date. it is he said she said. do you think there is political repercussions from this potentiallo? >> there are familiar contours to this. a credibleti accusa against president trump. there have been numerous credible accusations against him

by numerous women over time and president trump always blanketly denies it, and then where does it go fro there? there was the access hollywo,ood vihere was where he talked about assault and said you can do it if you're sstar, and, what you have here is user formed, people who weren't persuaded by the last numerous credible allegations are unlikely to bead persu by this one. >> tamera keith, last week, when you compared the trump rally to a grateful dead concert, you understand where they're coming from. >> i apologize for the error. the grateful dead do not play greatest hits at their concerts. >> tamera keiththelisha eaddy, thank you both.

>> schifrin: stay with us. coming up on the newshour: a multi-generational look at the legacy of the stonewall uprising, 50 years since the launch of the gay rights movement. oregon state troopers search for lawmakers, in hiding to avoid vong on a climate change bill. plus, the centuries-old violin that travels with armed guards and gets its own airplane seat. this weekend, the white house unveiled the first half of its biraeli-palestinian peace plan, a $5ion economic blueprint ansigned to double palestinian g.d.p.create a million jobs, without adressing the political future. the report's author, sd ior advisor esidential son-in- law jared kushner, compared it to the marshall plan. >> this is a similar notion, where you're not just giving peenle a fish, like we've be

doing here for a long time, you're teaching them to fish, and then you're buying them fishing rods and you're helping them become something that wilus be much moreinable. >> schifrin: in response, palestinian protestors demonstrated across multiplest cities, and paian authority president mahmoud abbas said palestinians wanted a political solution first, even if he admitted they also need economic support. today, more than a million palestinian refugees live in absolute poverty. more than 250,000 are unable to meet basic food needs. the sole agency dedicated to assist them is the u.n. relief d works agency, known as u.n.r.w.a. the trump administration has cut all economic support to u.n.r.w.a. before the plan's release, i spoke to mattias schmale, ynn.r.w.a.'s gaza director, and ewis, u.n.r.w.a.'s west bank director, and asked why the palestinian response, even before the plan was made public, was so negative. >> well, i don't thi any palestinian would argue with the fac that west bank and gaza need economic development and support, i think that's something evybody agrees with. i think what the palestinian community are saying to me and the refugees particular

because that's whom we work with is that they want to be part of the discussion. they don't want somebody to me in and decide for them on their economic future. >> the challenge of just looatig he economics, and this is what the palestinianty autho has been saying i think very, very publicly is at what cost and if there's not going to be any politicalgrment, economic investment won't suffice. the is a real interest in economic investment but there needs to be a political process as well. >> and has to happen multaneously. >> absolutely, yeah. let me turn to you and ask about jason greenblatt's criticism of the agency. recently, he was speaking to the n. security council and this is what he had to say. unwra is a band rd and the palestinians who use its services deserve much bet r. we do not have to wait until a comprehensive solution to the israeli-palestinian conflict is

in place to address that fact. >> schifrin: is urnra a band-aid? is there an economic plan that can replace it? >> no, unwra is not a band-aid. in gaza, we provide basic education. we run 274 schools whichhad 280,000 students in them in the school year that has just finished. i fail to see ho providing basic education to a very marginalized people is band-aid. we run 22 primary healthcare centers which provide 1 million consultations over each three-mont iperiod. agaiannot understand how keeping people healthy is band-aid. th reason is because of political failure, what the refugees need is a solution, a just solution in the form of a country they can call their own. >> schifrin: and in gaza, u.n.'s warned gaza will be unlivable by 2020, 13 hours of

power cpluts, uneoyment, seems like the trends are going in the wrong direction. how do those get fixed? >> it's already unlivable for the 52% who are unemployed. what's livable about living in a place that's cut off from the rest of the world, with little or no ndance to decent job? now, how can this be fixed? think one clear thing that needs to happen is to ease or lift the block aid. you can't have a thriving economy of 2 million people cut alf from the rest of the world. there needs to be good government inside gaza in terms of the people who contrl gaza. >> schifrin: can hamas provide good government? >> i think their track record over the last ten years or so is dismal one. so there any people who are skeptical that they can do so, and i'm one of those who, haon of the united nations, says we need to prepare for and carry out dnt elections. you know, there were elections

15 years ago or so, and it's likely oveme that elections happen and that proper alternatives are presented for people to vote on. >> schiin: gwyn lewis, there is, of course, a distinction not only between gaza and west bank but also the u.s. and israel. the u.s., the trump administration defunded unwra. israel, though, as not bucessarily called for unwra's dissolutiohas different criticisms of unwra, saying unwra criticizes, particularly the textbooks of schools. wed when i was in gaza in 2014, i saw ons stored in unwra's facility. so what's your respon to israeli criticisms of your organization? >> the first on the curricula is really the u.n. generally, all of the u.n. uskses textbf the country of or jen, it's good practice. the textbooks we use are t

palestinian authority textbooks. we don't just use them. we monitor and review them when we use them in the classroom. so when we find problematic materials in the textbooks, we develop other materials to address them but also train our teachers how to best approach the children who are taugt in a constructive way. the other issues when there have been issues with the schools, and there have been a couple of occasions when we have found arms in schools, it was unwra who filed it with he israeli authorities, it was unwra whoha askes to remove the weapons from the schools. >> schifrin: i'm wondring how your reception has been in washington. what are the u.s. officials saying of yo and what are you asking of them? >> we didn't come here thinking we will get eckwritten anytime soon, but we see it as important to maintain this relationship the united states consists of many people, and we should not just be led by those people who are currently runni the white

house. we have met many people who are very sympathetic to the ight of palestine refugees. so, yes, the message i will givm s one of cautious optimism that, at one point, able to rebuild this partnersh partnership. >> mattias schmle, gwyn lewis, on unrest in gaza and the west bank, thank you very much. >> thank you. >> schifrin: in oregon tonight, g-there are 11 people miss 11 state lawmakers who are nowhere to be found, as paa of rtisan standoff that is now in its fifth day. and as william brangharts, there is no end in sight. >> brangham: this was the scene entoday, in oregon's statee chamber. once again, it's much emptier ican normal. the body's 11 repus did not show up for work again, after launching a walkout five

days ago to stop the state senate from ting on a contentious climate bill. that bill would make oregon just tionsecond state in the to put in place a so-called cap-and-trade system to try and limit the carbon emissions that are driving clate change. the state house has already cleared the bill, with strong backing from environmental groups. tt opponents-- which include workers state's logging industry-- rallied at a weekend d-otest at the state capitol, saying that a cap-ade system would hurt certain industries. >> this bill is going to destroy the logging industry, and frankly, it's going to make people like me, who are wildland firefighters, it's going to make our jobs more deadly. >> under discussion, i recognize senator brian boquist. >> brangham: with the legislative session set to conclude at the end of this month, senate republicans lastra week teled that they were considering a walkout. >> we're at the 11th hour. ooif you don't think these are for walking, you're flat wrong, mr. president. and if you send the state police to get me, hell's going to visit

you personal >> brangham: that same state senator-- republican brian boquist-- also issued a threat: o at if democratic governor kate brown wereder state police to try and forcibly return him and other legislators, there could be violence. d. send bachelors, and come heavily ar ce brangham: brown has, in fact, ordered state poo bring back the senators who walked out. >> senate repuicans failed to show up, and failed to do their jobs. >> bngham: she has also said she'd force lawmakers to convene even if the ock on the legislative session runs out. for the pbs newshour, i'm william brangham. >> schifrin: when patrons of a new york city gay bar called the stonewall inn battled with police on a june night in 1969, few could have envisioned the movement it sparked for

acceptance and equality for gay and lesbian people. as part of our coverage of this week's 50th anniversary of the stonewall uprising, john yang spoke to two women from whfferent generations abou the movement has achieved and their visions for the future. >> yang: for karla jay, and her wife, karen kerner, even running errands in their upper west side neighborhood brings reminders of this month's milestone pride celebration. >> oh, look, pride coffee! ay oh, that's hilarious! of yang: ja retired college sor, is among the pioneers of the l.g.b.t.q. rights movement: the first female chair of the gay liberation front, one of the earliest activist groups tomerge from stonewall. student mya padilla, who is bisexual, is getting ready for pride weekend, too. she is an intern at the brooklyn community pride center-- what she hopes is the fst step in a career of community organizing.

jay and padilla are two links in the long chain of l.g.b.t.q. rights activists. weerntroduced them to each o at new york's lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender community center. their stories provide a glimpse of how attudes toward the l.g.b.t.q. community and protections for their rights have changed over the last half- - and how they haven't. jay was raised in brooklyn. >> i grew up in the ea50s, and we didn't have any vocabulary for being a lesbian or gay man or trans. i just knew that i wasn't like my mother, i wasn't like my mother's friends. i had no words for being different. >> i grew up in staten island foga majority of my very yo life. i knew one lesbian and even then, the way they were spoken about, and the way that their family was spoken about, was different.

>> yang: for both, college was a t rning point-- in very differys. m i went upstate for school. i really fouelf in an area, in a situation where i was d from the prying eyes o my family, my friends. and, free to be whoever i waed to be. and it was the first time that i feel removed enough fromy reality to play out this part of who i am. >> the first week of college, i heard that two girls in the dorm room who were making out were seen by a guy across theet stt columbia with a binocular, and they were expelled. and that encouraged me to hide in the closet very deeply for a number of years. >> yang: she only came out to her parents in her late 20s, when she was about to appear on a nationally-televised talk ow to discuss gay rights. she wanted to tell her father first. >> i said, "look, my being

lesbian is like my being left- handed." and i discovered he wasn't happy that i was left-handed. >> yang: they planned to keepth her mother idark, and away from the television. d didn't work. >> my aunt calr up in the middle of the night and said," your daughter's on television-- and she's a queer." she called mfather into the droom. she said to my father, "karla's on tv and she says she's a lesbian. what is it?" >> yang: what was you relationship like with your parents from then on >> my mother grew to tolerate it if i came to visit them with a partner. but my father never accepted it. he finally decided i w his biological child, and he erased me from his life. >> yang: i can imagine how painful that was. mya, what was your experience like? >> i had a differentxperience.

i came out to my parents in my junior year of college. they were understanding, although there was a bit of a knowledge gap: what does it mean to be bisexual? >> yang: is it harder because you're telling people you're bisexual rather than telling them you're a lesbian? >> oh, 100%. we're spoken of as if we don't exist in the community at all. as if we're playing a game, choosing the ability to be queer whd choosing to be straigh it's beneficial. but my years in the closet were just as painful. >> yang: from the center, we set out through the streets of greenwich village, for an esdress jay remembers well. it's now aurant. o t from 1965 until 1973, it was homeoky's, at the time one of new york's few lesbian bars.o >> it was ressive in here

r us. >> yang: she recalls bartenders y ercing patrons to buy more drinks and strictioning toilet paper for the bathroom-- on two sheets per customer so even though you were treated rribly, it was still a safe haven? >> it was the only place we d. we put up with everything gratefully. we were happy to go in and see women who looked like us. nc yang: how do your exper in lesbian bars compare to what karla describes at kooky's? >> oh, a lot more positive. s,lot more positive. >> yang: these dadilla has more-- and more pleasant and nurturing-- options, like the brooklyn community pride center, where she is an intern. >> this center has given me a lot of different opportunities to grow, just as a person. it's really given me place to really integrate all of, i think, the skills that i have and all of the experience that i've had and added that last

component of queerness into it. >> yang: it's a long way from 1969 a stonewall. the morning after the uprising, jay headed to the bar. one of the first things she saw a s a message in the window. >> it wag sign telling people to keep the peace, to cooperate with the police and to go home and be peaceful. and i was shocked, because it seemed to me this was not the ofme to be peaceful. there was a lot anger, and apeople were just talking atouting and saying, "what do we do, who we do? .his is enough. we have to stop it enough already." >> yang: wheyou think about what was launched here that night, in the past 50 yeths, what do yok? >> i think it's really amazing, what has happened. that was a sea change in how we thought about ourselves and how we were going to take our rights.

if they gave them to us or not, we were here to take them. >> yang: karla, how old were you in 1969? >> i was 22 years old. >> yang: mya, how old are you? >> i'm 22. >> yang: what's your hope, or, what's your vision, for the next 50 years? >> i hope that we're sustaining what we have, right, first and foremost. but we're expanding into other movements, and making our voices heard on t marches, on those committees. because if our voice isn't heard with other social movements, then we're not going to create a weciety that's truly integrated. >> wheit our torches in the embers of the stonewall uprising, we had n widea where e ould go. to see someone likmya, who's got a torch burning brightly-- i still have my torch, i'm limping along-- but to see young women like her, my hope is so bright and wonderful now. >> yang: you see a little bit of yourself?

>> yes, and it's great, yowi know, and sh define her own issues, and she's going to see that in 50 years, people will think that discrimination against l.g.b.t. people was a sciee fiction movie. >> yang: two women born 50 years apart, marking a movement's milestone anniversary-- and heading into the next 50 years. for the pbs newshour, i'm hn yang in new york. >> schifrin: finally tonight, the famed paganini violin recently traveled to ohio under particularly tight security. s,t, as jackie shafer of wosu in columbus repoll the extra precautions were for good reason. the story is part of our ongoing arts and culture series, "canvas."♪ ♪

>> reporter: the paganini violii is cred an italian national treasure. 5 's insured for about million, and the only person normally all ed to handle it is monservator bruce carlson. >> it's stly that the instrument is so speci, and, you kn the genovese, that they absolutely do not want thything to happen to it. >> reporter: orare occasion that the paganitr violin does el from its home in genoa, italy, it requires its own seat on the plane and an armed security escort. >> still there! >> reporter: in its nearly 300 years of existence, the instrument has only traveled to the united states on four occasions: to san francisco in 1999, to new york city in 1982 and 2003, and this spring, to columbus, ohio, where it was displayed-- for one week only-- at the columbus museum of art. the paganini violin was owned and played by the celebrated 18th century virtuoso niccolo paganini, often referred to as

"the devil's violinist." upon his death in 1840, he bequeathed his violin to the city of genoa, where it lives on permanent display in city hall under tight humidity and temperature controls. today,ourists from all over the world travel to genoa to reew-- but not hear-- the wned instrument. >> the violin itself is made by one of the two most famous violin makers of all time, and e th were from cremona. ths antonio stradivari, and there was giuseppe guarneri yol gesu. ert these two things togeith the aura of niccolo paganini and then giuseppe guarneri del gesu, the violin maker, then it's the perfect combination. >> reporter: back in ohio, columbus symphony concertmaster na frankel was given onl a few precious hours to rehearse on the violin before a one- night-only performance. of one of the things we try to do, which is parhe conservation thing, is to make sure that who is playing the w, reallyt is, you k qualified to play the avstrument, because i think we'da line outside the

door if we said that anybody could play it, you know. >> it does feel very sacred to kind of live up to the history of such a fine antique. >> reporter: paganini named the violin "il cannone," meaning the cannon, due to its explosive sound. >> you just feel like with the slightest touch, the sound reverberates all over the room, into the hall, down the street. you just feel this unbridled power. >> reporter: and that unbridled power graced the audience as frankel finally performed on the paganini violin in a columbus symphony orchestra program featuring italian composs. columbus smphony music director rossen milanov: >> it's just designed to showcase the uniqueness of the instrument, and also to showcase tie beautiful, versatile fu that the violin could have, in the context of the achestra, both as an orchestral fstrume also as a solo. >> reporte the pbs

newshour, i'm jackie shafer in columbus, ohio. n: and that's the newshour for tonight. i'm nick schifrin. join us online, and ag en here tomorrning. i hope you had a good day. for all of us at the pbs newshour, thank you, and see you soon. >> major funding for the pbs newshouras been provided by: >> babbel. a language app that teaches real-life conversations in a new language, like spanish, french, german, italian, and more. >> consumer cellular. >> financial services firm raymond james. >> and by the alfred p. sloan foundation. impporting science, technology, anoved economic performance and financial e teracy in the 21st century.

>> supported by hn d. and catherine t. macarthur foundation. commted to building a more just, verdant and peaceful world. more information at macfound.org >> and with the ongoing suort of these institutions >> this program was made pussible by the corporation for ic broadcasting. and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. captioning sponsored by newshour productions, llc capta ned by mecess group at wgbh access.wgbh.org >> you're watching pbs.

♪ ♪ ♪ ♪ -today on "america's test kitchen," keith makes bridget the ultimate chicken piccata, dan explores the science of temperature perception, and bridget and julia reveal the steps to a showstopping chocolate semifreddo. it's all coming up right here on "america's test kitchen."