captioning sponsored by newshour productions, llc >> woodruff: good evening.uf i'm judy woo on the newshour tonight: ay.ision the supreme court rules on two of the most highly anticipated cases of the year, splitting the justices, and delivering mixed newsor the white house. then, ten candidates down, ten to go. we recap last night's democratic presidential debate, and preview what to look for in the second n.und tonight. plus, passing it how to keep small businel afloat in ruerica. >> you know if it's a successful business, you're not reinventing thwheel. it's already there. you just have to continue to keep that wheel turning. >> woodruff: all that and more,

on tonight's pbs newshour. >> major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by: >> kevin. kevin! >> kevin? >> advice for life. life well-planned. learn more at raymondjames.com. >> consumer cellular. >> babbel. a language program that teaches spanish, french, italian, german, and more. >> and by the alfred p. sloan foundation. nosupporting science, techlogy, and improved economic performance and financial literacy in the 21st century. >> carnegie corporation of new york.

supporting innovations in education, democratic engagement, and the ement of international peace and security. at carnegie.org. >> and with the ongoing support of these institutions: d individuals. >> this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting. and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. >> woodruff: the u.s. supreme court has closed out its term with two major 5-to-4 decisions. on the 2020 census: the justices barred the trump administration from adding a citizenship question, at least for now. the court also dealt a blow to election reformers, ruling thate

ral courts have no authority to curb partisan-motivated gerrymandering of legislative districts. we will discuss both cases, after the news summary. in the day's other news, democratic leaders in th u.s. house of representatives l,ve abandoned their emergency border funding bnd gave final passage to the senate's version instead.pa that bisan measure contains $4.6 billion, mostly to care for migrants. hoe liberals wanted more ceotections for migrants, and less money for enfnt, but the white house and senate republicans said no. >> i for one am very disappointed. and i will never forget the images and the stories, and will continue to fight for a better outcome, and fight for these kids. so, having said all of that, it has been decided that we should move forward.

>> it's a difficult decision,t' but i knowthe right thing, because i know we have a common objective here. we know we need resources at the border right away. we know by the action my friend is taking, we now have theil possy of doing that and making that happen in a very bipartisan way.ou >> woodruff: speaker nancy pelosi said she reluctantly accepted the senate bill as the only way to ensure help for migrant children, before ngress leaves for a week-long recess. the newshour confirmed that in connection with the concession, pelosi won vice president pence's promise to inform congress within 24 hours when a migrant child dies in custody. he also agreed that no childhe will b more than 90 days. the trump administration has made new personnel moves in immigration enforcement. m magan will become head of u.s. customs and border protection.ve he movesfrom immigration dd customs enforcement, where he had been actiector for

just one month. the new acting directoce is matthew albence. he had served as deputy director since last august. former tru campaign chairman paul manafort pled not guilty today to mortgage fraud charges in new york. he aived from a detention center where he is already serving time for federal convictions of tax and bank fraud, linked to the rsia investigation. a conviction on the state charges wod keep manafort locked up, even if president trump pardons him for the federal crimes. the president arrived in osaka, japan this evening for the annual summit of the group of 20, the leaders of the world's major economies. tensions over trade, iran and north korea are expected to be the top issues. mr. trump met first with australia's prime minister scott morrison, and played up his "america first" policies. >> we've been very good to our allies. we work with our allies.

've take care of allies. we've-- generally speaking, i've inherited massive trade deficits with our allies, a we even help our allies militarily, so we look at ourselves, and we look at ourselves, i think, more posively than ever before. >> woodruff: the president is scheduled to have separateet gs with russia's leader vladimir putin and china's president xi jinping. mr. trump could start seeing warning labels on some of his tweets. twitter says thathit will flag atening and abusivess es, even from world leaders, provided they have more than 100,000 followers. the warning would obscure the tweet and explain the violation. users would have to tap the screen tsee the actual tweet. there are long-standing complaints that the president gets free pass to attack his opponents on twier. in economic news, the u.s. economy grew at a solid pacen the first quarter, at an annual rate of 3.1%. but that word comes amid

forecasts of slower growth for the rest of the year. meanwhile, two largecompanies announced big job cuts. ford motor slashed 12,000 positions in europe, that's a fifth of its work force there. and the german chemical firmth b.a.s.f. sai it will cut 6,000 jobs worldwide. and, on wall street, the dow jones industrial average lost ten points to close at 26,526. the nasdaq rose 57 points, and the s&p 500 added 11. still to come on the newshour: omalyzing the controversial final decisions n increasingly fractious supreme court. what to watch for as ten morede crats take the stage in round two of the first debate of the seasones the ent under fire. new evidence in an assault claim as he meets with world leaders. and, much more.

>> woodruff: as we noted, the u.s. supreme court end term today, laying down decisions that could have lo- running implications for the nuts and bolts of our country's political processes. jeffrey brown explores what it might mean. >> brown: we'll look at the two key decisions of the day. to help with the census case, we're joined by hansi lo wong of npr. and for gerrymandering, stu rothenberg of "inside elections." and here for both, of course, is our own marcia coyle, chief washington correspondent for the "national law journal."f welcome to allu. hansi, let's start with the census case first. remind us briefly what it isth the trump administration said in calling for the citizenship question. >> first, is thirs pe a citizen of the united states on ceus forms in order to better

enforce part of the voting rights act, specifically to better inform decisions for racial minorities. >> brown: marcia, the court said we're putting this on hold, this decision by the chief justice. >> right. thisecision came in a case brought by the state of new york and the new york immigration coeycil. hallenged the commerce secretary's citizenship question decision, saying it was an arbitrary and capricious decision that violated a federal law known as the administrative procedure act. after a trial a new york federal judge found that there were violations andn particular the critical issue in this supreme court case today was the reason given by secretary ross for the citizenship question. he said, as hansi just said, that it was necessary to mainly enforce the voting rights act. the trial judge found and the supreme court today in a 5-4 opinion agreed that this was a

pretextual decision.5- >> brown notable because the chief justice with the liberal wing. a rare alignment. >> the chief justice wrote the opinion. he said looking at all the evidence that the trial judge had accumuluring the trial told a story that did not match the secretary's reason. thfederal law requires a genuine justification for cimportant deisions. >> brown: okay. tell us about the dissent. >> there were really two, justice clarence thomas wrote that this was first time the court had invalidated an agency decision as pretextual, and hee warned that urt had opened a pandora's box of legal challenges to agency decisions as pretextual. justice alito wrote that he ubelieved that the qestion of a citizenship question was committed byaw l to the sole discretion of the commerce secretary and there was no judicial review allowed. >> brown: i think we're having

some technical trouble with hansi in new york, but let me continue with you, marcia. where does this leave things then? >> the majority said that it wa upholding the trial judge's ruling that the case had to be remanded to the commerce secretary toee if he could provide a genuine justification for the citizenship question. now, jeff, there has been a lot going on in the laek around this case. >> brown: new evidence keepsmi up. >> absolutely. and there is a case ongoing in maryland where a trial judge there is going to reopen the record in order to consider the new evidee that allegedly the commerce secretary wanted this qution for a discriminatory purpose, to dile the votes of hispanic and immigrant communities. the new york dge also has several motions before him concerningquhe citizenship tion. the government -- the trump

administration had told the supreme court that it needed a decision on this by june 30th in order to finalize the census questionnaire. there were sme exert testimony that the really hard decision for getting the quouestionnaire was in october. so we don't know. >> brown: we don't know, but in the meantime, the president etput out a tweoday, we have a graphic of that, of which he's s oposing the entire cen delayed. >> well, i'm sure that's going to cause some considerable confusion and problems for the census bureau itself. this is a huge undertaking as far as i understand the processs although ire the bureau does have a questionnaire ready, maybe one with a tizenship question and maybe one without. but i don't know. >> brown: okay. let's move on to the gerrymandering case. stu, first, again, set the scene for us. remind us why this has become... why these cases became sot. import >> gel, gerrymandering has been

an issue in the country going back to the beginning of the republic. more recently with new sachnology, computers, the ability for par to draw lines and districts where they know who lives in what house and on what reet, they n create districts that really maximize ctoral processele and they do so in a way that the districts look bizarre. they look like three-legged giraffes playing a clarinet. >> brown: and it's both democrats >>d republicans. emocrats and republicans, right. this involves two cases, one was a mocratic gerrymandering, the others are a republican gerrymander. many people have been concerned that the nature of this drawing distorts what the voters actually believe, and also, maybe even momportant, creates districts that are very partisan and very ideological and shourtcuts the ner of competitive districts that we have. >> brown: so mar shark again a 5-4 decision, again written by the chief, but with a

conservative coalition this time. >> this time they were ideologically divided the way they generally are. this case had... the justices had really republican drafteda redistricting ps from north carolina before them, and aa democratic ed redistricting map from maryland before them. both maps werehallenged as violating the equal protection act of the 14th amendment as well as first amendment. the five majority court decided that thalfedourts really have no role in trying to decide whether partnership goes so far in redistricting that it violates theut constn. >> brown: stay out of the politics. >> exactly. the chief justice went and did a very workman-like decision in which he looked at theco titution, he looked at court precedents. he looked at what states were doing, ande said basically, we can't find a manageable standard

by which you can measure excessive partnership. this is a political question that the political branches, congress and t legislature, shoud deal with. >> brown: a very strongfr dissenm justice elena kagan which she read out loud from the bench, wch is also unusual. >> it's a sign of how strongly the writer feels. it was an impassioned dissent in which justice kagan said that excessive partnership in redistricting really debases our democratic process. >> bro: very strong and emotional language. >> yes, it was. she said, why don't you just look at what the courts have been doing around the country.do they'rg what we today, the supreme court, say can't do, ant she point how those courts that have faced these challenges have come up with ways to discern when there is too much partnership to violate the

constitution. >> brown: that brings me back to stu. the chief also said the political system can work this out, right? so what are we seeing happening around the country? >> some states already hae non-partisan or bipartisan commissions that draw the lin and take it out of the hands of elected officials. we've had a number of statesa that have ected new legislation, again creating commissions in colorado, michigan, a very controversial state, and ohio. th will change the process. the problem is most of these measures are put on the ballot by the voters. and not all allow states allow initiatives and referendums by ballots. so in some states the voters don't have the opportunity to go to the legislature and say, looktwe want s -- we want to change the lines are drawn. but there is a movement. i thk in the country generally, because people are offended by the lines. they're absurd and ridiculous and clearly one party is beating

the other over the head. that's not what the democratic system is about.: >> brost about 30 seconds. mar shark i want to ask you, this is a case where th resignation of justice kennedy made a difference perhaps? >> it could have. justice kennedy had always held the door open in prior partisan gerrymandering cases for the possibility that the court would find a manageable standard that courts could use. but with his retirement from the court and his replacement with justice brett kavanaugh, who joined the majority today and basically closed the door onth e challenges that did make aen diff. >> brown: marcia coyle, "national law journal," stu rothenberg, inside elections. apologies to hansi lo wong in new york from npr. thank you all very much. >> woodruff: the numbers are in:

more than 15 million people tuned in to the first democratic primary presidential debate in miami. lisa desjardins reports on which of the ten hopefuls stood out on the crowded stage, with ten more ready to debate tonight. >> desjardins: from tht ten candidates to debate, familiar democratic party themes, like how much to change the health care system. >> who here would abolish their privalth insurance in favor of a government-run plan? just a show of hands to start off with. >> desjardins: massachusetts senator elizabeth warren was just one of two to raise her hand, along with new york mayor bill de blasio. >> i understand there are a lots of politicho say, "oh, it's just not possible. we just can't do it."t it's-- have a political reasons for this. what they're really telling you is they just won't fight for it. well, healthcare is c human right, and i will fight for basic human righ >> desjardins: that got strong

pushback from the more moderatee cont, like former maryland congressma>>john delaney. think we should be the party that keeps what's workingb and fixes whatken. >> desjardins: there were areas of agreement, like sg gun violence, something new jersey senator, and former newark mayor cory booker said hit close to home.>> hear gunshots in my neighborhood. i think i'm the only one-- i hope i'm the only one on this panel here, that had seven people shot in theiror neigod just last week. >> desjardins: and like abortion access, supported by ery candidate. but, when washington state governor jay inslee tried to indicate he's done more on that issue than the others, minnesota senator amy klobuchatook exception: >> i just want to say there's three women up here that have fought pretty hard for a woman', right to choo i'll start with that. >> desjardins: there were many ted moments. representatives tim ryan of ohio and tulsi gabbard of hawaii debated whether the u.s. should remain in afghanistan. >> the reality is, if the united

states isn't engaged, the taliban will grow and they will have bigger, bolder terrorist acts. >> we can't keep u.s. troops deployed to afghanistan thinking that we're going to somehowta squash thiban that has been there, and every other country that's tried it failed. >>i didn't say squash them. when we weren't in there, they started buildings.s into our >> the taliban didn't attack us on 9/11. al qaida did >> desjardins: one of the most contentious exchanges came from the two men from texas: former congressman beto o'rourke ngd former houecretary julian castro, over his proposal to plke it so crossing the border for undocumented pwould not be a criminal act. >> as a member of congress, i atlp to introduce legislation that would ensure e don't criminalize those who are seeking asylum and refuge in this country. >> i'm not talking asylum-- >> if-- if you are fleeing desperation, then i want to make sure that you are treated with spect. >> i am still talking about everybody else. >> but you are looking at just one small part of this. i am talking about a comprehensive rewrite of our

immigration laws-- >> that's not true. >> desjardins: a the candidates focused on their challengers on stage, and not on the current poll leader, former vice president joe biden. >> on january 20, 2021, we will say adios to donald trump. >> desjardin a common target: president trump's policies. one of the biggest applause lines of the night ce from inslee. >> the biggest threat to the security of the united states is donald trump. on>> desjardins: but did a win over new voters?sk we at a big watch party in nearby miami beach. >> i'm happy to have 20-some odd candidates. it gives us a lot of debate, tonight has been reavely. >> and you notice that, like, while julian castro and beto were going after each other, and while tulsi gabbard and tim ryan gre going after each other, elizabeth warren wng after nobody, because she doesn't need to. >> desjardins: but voters any that will , when a nominee is chosen. >> i think everybody's just going to work hard for each candidate, and then once we have a nominee chosen, ce'll all coalround a nominee with

the goal of changing the resident at 1600 pennsylvania avenue. that's the main thg-- beat trump. >> desjardins: president trump, traveling to the g-20 summit in japan, tweeted his one word response to the debate: "boring!" it was a sentiment shared by a few democrats too. many people at the watty for democrats left before the debate was over. but, something tonight could be more interesting. >> i think it's getting more interesting tomorrow because then you've got bidevs. sanders which i think is the real battle for the soul of the democric party. >> to send them back, in too many cases, is a death sentence to those kids. >> desjardins: after such afo s on immigration last night, democrats continued a string of visits to a migrant shelter in nearby homtead florida, including vermont senator bernie sanders, who will be on the debate stage tonight. >> they are not criminals. they are not our enemies. they must be treated with respect and coassion. >> desjardins: sanders will be one of four candidates leading in the polls on the stage tonight, along with biden, senator kamala har california, and south bend indiana mayor pete buttigieg. the debate will also feature twf

memberongress trying to galvanize progressive voters with nearly single-issue focus: nator kirsten gillibrand of new york, who is campaigning largely on health care access for women. and, congressman eric swalwell of california talks extensively out preventing gun violence. there will also be a pair of colorada: senator michael bennet and former governor john hickenlooper. rounding out the stage of ten: two political tsiders-- entrepreneur andrew yang and author marianne williamson. woodruff: for analysis last night's debate, and a preview of tonight's, stu rothenberg of "inside elections" is back again with us, he's wearing two hats tonight. and, lisa joins us once again from miami. and hello to both of you. so lisa, let's start with last night. any other takeaways? my sense is nobody was eliminated. they're all still in the running. >> well, it depends o who you can, judy. i think biggest agreed-upon takeaway and what average voters think, but here the sentiments

is that julian castro had the biggest night and may have done the most to wet attention toho he is and get interest. we saw that online translated. he was the most buzzed-about candidate, people looking him up on google. cory booker, a lot of amegr that he did well. elizabeth warren was thought to have a good night, keeng her firm positioning right now, but there are a lot of questionsrk about beto o'rand whether he may have slipped a little bit. but it's hard to say. this is anna arebut clearly julian castro had a big night. >> woodruff: and stu, what's your sense of last night? any sense of the landscape shifted? >> i don't think so, judy.tw i'm n the both of you. i don't think anybody had a terrible night, thoh i think beto didn't do anything to enter the fray really. i think castro and boor and warren did quite well, but again, nothing dramatic. nobody hit a home run. nobody i think eliminated themselves. soe go on from here. >> woodruff: i do want to ask about this, elizabeth lubs opcly delared herself last

knightley is a as supporting medicare for all, doing away with private insurance. as you noted in your scripd. >> that's right. that was a significant move. although many voters thought that was already her position, it is not a position she hd firmly taken yet. and it really was her trying say, not only do i already represent symbolically the progressive wing, but i am goitg ush even further on that agenda. it put the rest of the candidates i think, who d not raise their hand new york a difficult position of explaininu the moreced position. most of them believe ultimately they would like to get to some sort of universal healthcare, though they disagree on what that means, but they don't agree over how long that should take. so thar was har explain than just the bitheir, i'm for it, will let's change it, than the position elizabeth warren took. >> woodruff: stu, you don't think something like that shifts the way we read this gup? >> i don't think so. at this point judy, it's introducing the candidates to see who seems knowledgeable, down to earth, personal

cognizance nationa funny, presidential. we're looking more for general qualities and characteristics. people who follow healthcare very carefully willve noticed, but for most voters, they're taking think a brder view. >> woodruff: lisa, let's talk about tonight. firsof all, what is th lineup going the look like on the stage, this nexgroup of ten? we want to get a sense of how different this is. >> it's going to be very different i think. tonight we have four of the top five candidates in polls on stage. and i want to look at the lineup, because there is also an interesting split just on the staginshhere. this ierly by accident, but those candidates starting with vice president biden and moving to the sixth, all six candidates ve the right of the stage are people who haerved in congress or are currently serving in congress. the four on th other side of him are people who have not been in washington, including two people who have never had any kind of political experience, andrew yang, a entrepreneur, and marianne williamson, an author

who is well-known for her appearances and associations with oprah. so there is a real split that we will see in american debate. do we want someone fresh and new from outside of was whington. want insiders? you see that on the stage, also like a familfeud-style debate. also judy, note there is not a lot of geographic diversity tonight. we have five candidates from california and new york alone. ally the only candidate from the middle of the country tonight is pete buttigieg.th i brin up because these are on candidates' minds, talking to campaigns like that of campaign senator -- colorado senator michael ben it. i think he's going to sp that. >> woodruff: we saw a little of that from tim ryan, heard a little bit of that from tim ryan last night what are you looking for, stu? >> i'm expecting more firk ewor. i th's going to be fascinating debate. i am more energized about tonight than i actwas last night, because you have four of the five front-runners.

you ha great contrast among the front-runners. you have two 70-year-old whiteca men, an afamerican woman and a 35-year-old guy mayor. the contrasts are really interesting to see how they will lk to one another. bernie sanders has a reputation, a history of combativeness. and i think he with joe biden, ihere could be -- they could mix it up a little. as for the second or third tier, gillibrand, bennet, hickenlooper, swalwelil i think theyhave a hard time getting any attention because most of the focus will be on the big four in this debate. >> wdruff: lisa, last nig we saw the, if you will, the also-ran, the ones who aren't polling as highly on the wings of the stage, they wereey interjecting, ere interrupting to get themselves some air time. >> that's rig stu's right. that was a lesson that campaign after campaign is telling me l today. they fat if they do not interrupt, if they do not speak up, they are not going to get time. the average amount of time was under ten minutes for eah

candidate last night. that's not a lot. they realize that their candidates might havto be moe aggressive. that includes candidates who are not known for that who will have to figure t how the interrupt when maybe that's not their usual personal style. esidentthink vice biden talking with his campaign at length earlier today, at a gathering for reporters, they say he's going to lk about the future. he's not thinking about all those candidates around himco, f se, he's the front-runner, but he is ready and perhaps they sort of signal they expect for candidates to comefter him. they said they're happy for other candidates to use th teir titalk about vice president biden. he's also about the future. we'll see. i ink other candidates ca turn that on their head, like an eric swalwell who will say listen, here are candidates from the past. i am the future. let's move to a neweneration. so you're going to see a battle over the soul of the democraticw party l as the future of the country. vice president bide season trying to go on the attack against president trump.

that's the soul of the country he will be fighting for. other demoats will be fighting about the democratic party and its future. >> woodruff: it will be interesting. >> i want to say, as well as i thawing elizabeth warren did, if thought she wae, she's left out of this big mix of the top-tier candidates. you wonder whether or not it will seem like the previous debate was two or three weeks ago rather than 24 hours ago once these people go on stage, once this group enters tonigoo. >>uff: all right. a lot to watch. we're going to keep watching closely. i know you are, stu rothenberg. lisa desjardins in miami, thank you. and online right now, take a deep dive to learn more about the democratic contenders on our new candidate page, where you can find the interviews we have done with 17, so far, of the two-dozen hopefuls for the democratic nination. that is on our website, www.pbs.org/newshour. and stay with us. coming up on the newour:

how a matchmaking service for small businesses keeps money invested in rural america. the author of this month's newshour/"new york times" book club pick, "the fifth season." and, a photojournalist gives his "brief but spectacular" take on uncovering the unknown. >> woodruff: it's fair to say the trump administration, with the trump campaign before it, has had its share of controversies and even allegations of scandal. few seem to erode the loyal support of the president's base of voters. but, this week saw news that has to concern the white house,tr including thtment of children in u.s. immigration detention facilities. ok will get to that in a moment. first, we want to t a new allegation against president trump.ti lo writer and advice columnist e. jean carroll, in a new book, graphically describes how she said mr. trump sexuar y assaulted a new york city i department stothe 1990s. two friends she told about the

incident at the time have now gone public to corroborate her account. author lisa birnbach and former new york tv anchor carol martin joined carroll on today's episode of the "new york times" podcast, "the daily." a warning: this audio has some details of the account of the alleged assault.

uff: to help break down what this latest allegation, and ie story of treatment of immigrant childru.s. custody mean for the president, our white house corrpondent yamie alcindor. hello, yamiche. so these are serious allegations against the president. what is he saying about it? >> thelresident hasat out denied these allegations. he says carroll is making all this up even though her friends and her are both very adamant this did happenid the prt is getting some ban lash for the way he's defending himself. told "the hill" nespaper that carol was not "his type." so there are people who say that was not the correctto defend himself. he's also said that carroll is

trying to sell a book, and the book that's coming out next month is her way of trying the capitalize on that. ra also questioned openly whether or not dem were working with carroll. the president is trying to say some of these allegations are politically motivated. >> woodruff: so we know there have been allegions of sexual misconduct against the president in the past. how has he delol with thse? >> woodruff: >> the president has consistently said he has nev sexually assaulted any women. that being said, at least 18 women id they have bee sexually assaulted by the president. those allegation are from the president groping them to the president kissing them withoutnt their cono the president attempting to rape them. carroll is very clear, she doesn't want to use the word "rape." e says that is not a word she wants to embrace. she says it makes her feel like a victim. she says they eventually got into a fight, that says, she said what the president did to her would be a legal definition oftape. the otheng that's important

to note is even though this all is being said, the president sot far has een hurt by these allegations politically. >> woodruff: what about that?h isre any evidence that support for the president, that his supporters are affected by this? >> as of now the president's supporters and the republican allyy as a whole have re stuck with the president through these allegations. i want to now play a little bit of sound from carroll talking about why she didn't come forward with these allegations in 2016. >> what we just heard was carroll basically saying the xi thought this would helphe president, make him look more masculine. i talked to a ctionser

source who said some peel see these allegations as the president being alayboy, as him being popular with women. one source told me, and i want the read this qte, "the president doesn't drink, he doesn't smoke. so what doe think he did?" people are writing this off as the president having boys will be boys behavior. that said, there are also pple who think that because there are so many allegations against the president, the public has essentially become numb to this. he's benefited from people just not talking about these allegations specifically. >> woodruff: what about, yamiche, you mentioned conservatives. w are the conservatives reacting and how are democrats reacting? >> how you view these sexual assault allegations goes to whether or not you're republican or a democrat. if you're a lynn in this country, most people a seeing these as politically motivated. they believe the president when he says he has not done anything to these women that would be sexual abuse or sexual assault or any sort of sexual misconduct. republicans -- there is a camp of people who are distued by these allegations i'm told, but

those people still are not sure whether or not these womeare credible. on the democratic side, there have been activists and democrats really makise and criticizing the president over this, but just today house speaker was asked about thesend allegations,he said i don't see congress's role in playing with these allegationst and dealing these allegations. i am much more focused on police and ate needs. she said, "i haven't spent any time on that. i don't know wat cogress's role would be in this."uf >> woo yamiche, you were telling me in reporting on this, it's striking that none of this has affected the support for the president, but you did pick up a sense of what the people around the prsident believe may be harming him politically. what types of allegations have they been worried about? >> both in my conversations with white house ddes an anecdotally when i've spoken to supporter, the one issue that present trump seems to be worried about or threatened politically by is there miment of immigrant children on the border and family separation. so there are people who say the

presidenas he talks about these issues, people are really worried about whether or not childrs in the care of u.. custody could be hurt. i want to show a really came outng image tha this week, caution to all our turbing, it is very dis but this is a picture of a father and a daughter who drowned in the rio grnde trying to come here. it's oscar alberto martinez and his daughter. heey couldn't go through official port of entry. the president has called people criminals for doing, that but he said this week, this father was kely a wonderful guy. and he's been essentially been ready to talk about the fact that there i mistreatment on the border, that there are conditions that are not appropriate for children, so we have seen the president softe his tone in the face of looking at that picture. woodruff: finally, quickly, yamiche new york connection with that, today speaker nancy pelosi in t to the white house,

to republicans about border funding, something the house ended up agreeing with the senate on, the white house agreed to something the democrats were asking for. >> the white house has agreed to tell lawmakers within 24 hours if a child, an immigrant child dies in u.s. custody on the southern border. e at's really important, because several children hied and lawmakers say they have not really been told enough abou what's going on on the southern g rder and the conditions the children are beld in. the white house is also going to essentially say, we're not going to hold these children for more than 90 days in these temporary facilities. these are the facilities where children have not been givenb toothbrush, noen given soap, not been given regular baths. that's another big deal thee white hos decided to say, we're happy to do that. woodruff: and significa as you said, because children, immigrant children involved. >> yeah. >> woodruff: yamiche alcindor, thank you. >> thank you.

>> woodruff: whether it's a fortune 500 company or an office employing five people, transitioning a business to a new owner has its challenges. a program in kansas is aimed at matching owners seeking to sell their business, and those looking for an opportunity. also provides welcome economic stabilityn some rural towns. peter tubbs of iowa public television explains, for oursi regular ss and economics segment, "making sense." >> reporter: 50-pound bags of pig feed are filled at valley feed and supply in bonner springs, kansas. the business had been owned by the stubbs family for 90ears, but at age 60, neal stubbs wasy re sell. but, the process had some false starts. >> i'm not really sure how many people were ever inquired about us, but as far as tting to the point wherwe were actually having discussions with them, matt wasn't the first.

>> reporter: finding the eventual buyer with the financial ability to purchase f the feed mill was only h the equation. an understanding of the work was an even bigger hurdle. the business at valley feed and supply has evolved over the last 20 years. weenated in the corridor b kansas city and topeka, the demand for hog and cattle feed has declined as sales of horse and chicken feed have risen. the loss of businesses like medical practices, ag-related businesses, and light e nufacturing, can be debilitating to thability of rural towns. wally meyer is the director ofam redtire, a proun by the business school at the university of kansas, that worki to keep small sses alive in rural communities. >> redtire is the link between retiring business owners, or those who want to exit their business, and those who are qualifd and capable of taking over the business, with a benefit to the communi retaining the essential services of the community, which is key to retaining quality of life in that community.

>> reporter: matt laiptoe was lookintart an agricultural business, but wanted to avoid the riskof starting a business from scratch. >> the good thing about that is, you knowif it's a successful business, you're not reinventing the wheel. it's already there. you just have to continue to keep that wheel turning. >> reporter: redtire connected matt laippleith neal stubbs, the owner of valley feed and supply. th18sale was completed in 20 >> he definitely has an interest in agriculture. he seemed , to understand the type of work we do here better than a lot of people do. uing a farmer himself, yo know, he's familiar with heavy equipment, so, which is kind of what our mill out heres. >> reporter: wally meyer says the key part of any small business sale is the handoff. >> businesses fail during a transition, most commonly because customers get forgotten or the process gets manipulated in a way that is not appropriate for the business.

>> i did not do a whole lot of research. >> reporter: dr. deedra truschinger bought a dental practice in auburn, kansas in 2017. h toelp smooth the transition, the retiring dentist more than a year on staff introducing her to patients and teaching how the practice operated. now on her own, dr. truschinger has seen her patient list increase enough to require the remodeling of a century-old bank building as a new, larger office. but, the financial side ofer business was the intimidating part of the purchase, so for her, redtire was invaluable. >> they did so much research for me and provided so much data, i didn't feel the need to go outside and get five different appraisals on what this practice s worth. they were working both sideson verytly, and just trying to make a good, realistic picture of what the value of ths practice >> reporter: redtire estimates

there's 10,000 small businesses in kansas and missouri alone whose owners are nearing retirement and lack a succession plan. for many sellers, the program hes reduce anxiety. >> they need to get themselves to the psychological and emotional point that they're able to walk away from the business, and something that they have devoted 20 or 25 or 30 years of their life to. now, all of a sudden, they're going to turn over the relationships with their customers and of course the machinations of running their own business to somebody else. so, having that emotional security to be ablto do that, ing at the right time of life, to be able to make that transition, that's reallyrt imt. >> reporter: redtire is a free service to both buyeup and sellers,rted by a federal grant and the university of kansas.in since its star012, all 60 businesses that have been sold through the program, all are stl in operation. for the pbs newshour, i'm peter tubbs in bonner springs, kansas.

>> woodruff: and now, to our monthly conversation fea our "nowthis book club," in partnership with the "new york times," where you can read along with us and thousands of others, anethen hear directly from authors. our "book club" producer, elizabeth flock, has our pick for june, a story aboue end of the world. it's part of our ongoing arts and culture coverage, "canvas." >> flock: what happens when a planet is threnmened by envital catastrophe and a few citizens develop special powers to resist? are they heralded s her feared and destroyed? our june book club pick, "the fifth season," is a fantasy novel that imagines a world just like that. author n.k. jemisin is here to answer questions from our readers. welcome to the newshour. >> thank you. >> flock: so "the fifth season" is the first in a

trilogy. for those who have not read, can you tell us a little bit about what you are after in this first book? >> thfirst book is an introduction to the world and an introduction to the people who are trying to survive in this world. and in this world for whatever reason, cere is exessive seismic activity to the point thatvery few yers or so there's a thing called the fifth season, which is similar to wat we've had in our old world, the year without a summer, for vexample, where people hto ooarn to suddenly survive where they can't grow d. they don't see the sun for weeks months on end, and so it's rally just about people survivi amid external and structural disaster >> flock: wey releer questions. s get to the first one. >> how did you decide to base this trilogy on stone lore?

>> i have always been interested in the ways in which human beings transmit knowledge, so i was interested in kind of playing with a culture that was very different from anything in our own world, and i decided to play with the written word in a more ephemeral form. we talk a lot about how whe things are chiseled in stone that makes them very permanent, very unchangeable, and i wanted to talk about the fact that,o, human beings are involved, so it's changeable. so even stone lore, even something chiseled into a block of stone can still be edited, can still be revised, and what that might mean. >> flock: a lot of this storene s about the constant geological upheaval that happens in this sto lor a lot of this stone lore iss about -- irvival mechanisms. it's ways for people to kind of

prepare for the fifth sason when they come along, it's basically a casted preparedness guide, but it's also a guide to how tost undd people in a disaster. >> flock: okay. let's go to our next question. >> the book posits earth not as maternal and nurturing but as paternal and evil. what are you trying to say about nder? >> flock: so it's father earth, why? >> mostly i wanted to mess wih people's expectations. i don't think of father earth as evil. the people of this world do, for good reason. evil is inhe eye of the beholder. in a lot of cases people are putting themselves into their perceptions of the world. so i wasn't really trying to say anything specific about gender other than to chllenge te idea that the earth was always nu: uring. >> flo think we have another question from readers

about what you were trying to say. >> do y thnk that sci-fi and fantasy as a genre is particularly useful in deconstructing white heteronormativety? >> flock: can you change people's mindsh >> i tk all art can do that, yes. and science fiction and fan atay , too. i know there are a lot of people out there who don't think,o but it's literature, it's just like any other form of literature, and itsage toy change your mind is dependent both on the author's skill and the reader's willingness to accept a new way ofnkhig. so, yeah, definitely i think it could change minds. >> flock: in this particular book, what were you trying to say and affect people's opinions or beliefs. >> i think in all of my fion, i am interested in exploring protag fists that are not normally seen in adventure stories or stories about t

changie world. so i wanted in this case to kind of center the story on 40-something ore weightoc dread black woman. gee, i wonder where that came from. so i want to center the story on the kind of person that you normally don't see as a protag fist or a hero, i just wanted to see someone else change the world. >> flock: in this book, the way you write is so particular, so i think we have a question about, that as well. >> sure. okay. >> w hy do you choose toave such a funny and involved authoriaikvoice. it's uanything i read. >> i don't choose that. it just happens. >> flock: did it take you a while to develop that voice? >> not really. when i first start a novel, i write what i call test chapters. i know the basic thing that i want to do, but i'll write it with different voice, different perspectives sometimes i'll switch up the

main character and figure out who needs to be telling this story. >> fwe will continue this conversation and have it all available online and on our facebook page "now read this." the book ieas "the fifthson." n.k. jemisin, thank you for joining us. >> thank you for inriting me. >> flock: for july we'll come back to earth. our pick is "the house of broken angel," a joyful tender novel about family aniod migrn by a mexican-american writer, lui alberto urrea. we hope you'll check it out and join our book club "now read this" in partnership with "the new york times." >> woodruff: it is said a picture can speak a thousand alrds. photojout marcus yam looks for images to tell the tale of heart-wrenching mome

here is his "brief but spectacular" take on what we learn from what we see. >> i am a natural busybody. for my school projecwould just drive up to farms and knock make my long way up these long driveways and just, "hey, how's it going? can i come take pictures?" in most situations that i work in, most people want somebody to talk to. and you're there to listen to what they have to say, you know, and, and, and in some ways, comfort them for their loss. >> i major wildfire in california, including the biggest one, called the thomas fire. the thing i heard on the radio made me realize that this was unstoppable, that firefighters were telling each other that we're out of units. you're on your own. like, we just don't have enough resources to send your way.he and that'si knew things were getting out of control. at one point, i waited on top of a hill, waiting for the fire to

come to me, and i waited a little too long, and i remember having to drive through this, like, wall of flame with my car. and i can feel the heat just,ke searing my skin, inside that car that was protected by all that metal and glass and air conditioning. the common idea that people neve is that th media is just running around, taking pictures, reporting from wildfires without any sensitivity. but in reality, we're just tryi to do our jobs, trying get as much information about the conditions of the fire, how far itpread and all that stuff. i was at the erskine fire in lake isabella, and i came across this one home that was getting surrounded by fire. it had this tattered american flag. and i jumped out of the vehie and took a photo of that, and i moved on and i didn't think much of it.r the homeowner at home was actually nearby, saw me do that and thought less of me. he actually ended up following

our verage for the rest of t fire. looked up e work that we did, and, and wrote me this beautiful letter. "dear marcus yam, i stood a few feet from you when you took thir piof my home. i thought to myself, another vulture sensationalizing people's misery. after seeing this photograph and ilooking at your portfolias wrong. you portray human emotionth t all the makeup and glamour. you have my respect. ha home withstood the test night and old glory still waves. today, i replaced that tattered flag with a new and shiny one. i would like you to take care of that old flag for me. sincerely, darel sder." name is marcus yam. this is my "brief, but spectacular" take, on uncovering the unknown. >> woodruff: you can find additional "brief but

spectacular" episodes on our website at www.pbs.org/newshour/brief. and that is the newsho tonight. i'm judy woodruff. join us online, anagain here tomorrow evening, when mark shields and david brooks analyze the first democratic debates. for all of us at the pbs newshour, thank you, and we'll see you soon. >> major funding for the pbs bwshour has been provided >> babbel. a language app that teaches real-life conversations in a new language, like spanish, french, german, italian, and more. >> consumer cellular. >> financial services firm raymond james. >> and with the ongoing support of these institutions m

>> this progs made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting. and by contributions to your pbt stn from viewers like you. thank you. captioning sponsored py newshoductions, llc captioneceby media group at wgbh access.wgbh.org >> you're watching pbs.

hello, everyone and welcome to "amanpour and company." realiehumaan crisis at americas sohern border, father and his infant daughter drowned crossing the rio grande. texas representative veronica es cobar tells me whates cons is doing to stop this cruelty. then, turkey's president loses the jewel in his political crownxc in ansive interview, the new mayor of istanbul tells me why no one can now stand in the way of turkish >democracy. plus, the first female chief economist of theimf, gita gopinath, talks to our walter isaacson about the state of the