captioning sponsored by newshour productions, llc >> woodruff: good evening. m judy woodruff. on the "newshour" tonight: aftershocks-- we are on the ground in southern california following major earthquakes that have left the region rattled. then, despite border officials sounding the alarm, the trump administration again dismissesof reportqualor at migrant detention facilities along theex u.s.o border. and a giant leap for human kind. we look back at apollo 11-- the mission that put men on the moon 50 years ago. >> one of the great things that came out of the space program-- maybe eatest thing-- was the sense of optimism it engendered, that tomorrow will be better than today, the sense >> woodruff: all that and more on tonight's "pbs newshour."

>> major funding for the pbs newshour has been predovy: >> babbel. a language program that teaches real-life conversations in a new language, like spanish, french, german, italian, and more. babbel's 10-15 minute lessons are avaible as an app, or online. more information on babbel.com. >> consumer cellular. >> financial services firm raymond james. >> the william and flora hewlett foun ttion. for mon 50 years, advancing ideas and supporting institutions tpromote a better world. at www.hewlett.org. >> and with the ongoing support of these institutions:

>> ts program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting. and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. ha >> woodruff: iraraised the ante in a high-stakes standoff with the united states. the islamic republic announcedun today it has bnriching uranium to levels higher than allowed under the 2015 nuclear accord. e new level is still far below weapons-grade. but in tehran, a foreign ministry spokesman thrtened to go higher still, unless europe helps to bypass u.s. sanions. >>e translated ): if

remaining countries in the deal, especially the europeans, do not lfill their commitments seriously, and do not do anything more than talk, iran's third step will be harder, more steadfast and even stunning. >> woodruff: the u.s. withdrew from the nuclear deal last year. today, vice president pence called t agreement "disastrous," and he warned that "america will not back down." >> iran should not confuse american restraint with a lack of american resolve. stapplause ) we hope for the but the united states of america and our military are prepared tect our interests and protect our personnel and our citizens in the region. >> woodruff: under president trump the u.s. has sentth sands of troops, an aircraft carrier and b-52 bombers to the persian gulf region. but he called oftaa planned mi strike on iran last month. in new york, billionaire

financier jeffrey epstein entered a "not guilty" plea today to sex traicking and conspiracy. he allegedly abused dozens of underage girls in the early 2000's. a 2008 agreement let epstein avoid prison time similar charges in florida. but federal prosecutors in manhattan argued they are not bound by that deal. we'll get the details later in the program. a federal grand jury in new york is probing republican fundraiser elliott broidy. he served as vice-chair of president trump's inaugural committee. the associated press r the investigation is focused on whether broidy illegald that position to cut business deals with foreign leaders. u.s. attorney general says he w sees forward on adding a citizenship question to the 2020 census. he gave no details today, but he said he believes it is possible to address the concerns that led

the u.s. supreme court to block the question. >> you know, we've been considering all the options and i've been in constant discussions with the president ever since the supreme court c decisie down. and i think over the next day or two you'll see what approach we're taking. >> woodruff: barr spoke afterpa the justice ment announced that new lawyers are taking over the effort. but in san francisco, house speaker nancy pelosi chargednt again that thet is to scare off people in the country ilgally. >> but this is about keeping, you know-- "makemerica," you now, the hat? "make america white again." they want to make sure that people-- certain people-- are counted. it's really disgraceful and it's not what our founders mind. >> woodruff: the census count determines the distribution of congressional seats and greatly influences the distribution of federal funds. the international criminal court

has convicted a congo rebel leader of war crimes. bosco ntaganda had been dubbed "the terminator." he was found guilty today of mass murder, rape and sexual slavery in the early 2000's, as rival ethnic groups fought over mineral riches. in all, hundreds of civilians were killed, and thousands were forced to flee. in greece the center-right leader kyriakos mitsotakis took hefice as prime minister today. owed to cut taxes and ease oudget cuts imposed by international ba. the swearing-in came a day after the "new democracy" party scored a landslide eltion victory over a left-wing regime that had governed for four yes. >> ( translated ): t greek people gave us yesterday a strong mandate to change greecel wehonor this mandate in full. starting today we are prepared for hard work, and i have total

confidence in our ability to stand at the height of t circumstance >> woodruff: the extreme right "golden dawn" was turned out of parliament entirel back in the u.s. navy will have to wait a while longer for a new top office admiral william moran announced late sunday that he is retiring. he had been set become chief of naval operations in august.ed moran acknowlee had continued to rely on the counsel of another officer who was reprimanded for misconduct toward women. in economic news, germany's deutsche bank began laying off employees under a plan to cut 18,000 positions by 2022. the focus is on investment banking operations based in new york and london. and wall street slumped again as hopes dimmed for lower interest rates. the dow jones industrial average lost 116 points to close at06 26 the nasdaq fell 63 points. and the s&p 500 dropped 14. and the u.s. women's national

r ccer team headed home from france today, afnning a record fourth world cup. they beat thnetherlands two-nil on sunday. the players partied through the a ticker-tape parade iswe scheduled foesday in new york. still to come on the "newshour," californians without insurancen face acertain future following the state's latest earthquakes; the history behind sex crime charges against billionaire jeffrey epstein; president obama's head of homeland security on how to treat migrants, and much more. >> woodruff: aftershocks are still rocking parts of southern california today following two massive earthquakes struck thursday and friday. the largest was a magnitude 7.1

quake, the biggest to hit the area in 20 years. communities closest to the epicenter in the mojave desert-- 150 miles north of los angeles-- were upended by the damage.nd special correst cat wise visited the towns where residents are picking up the pieces. >> reporter: residents are trickling back in to some of the hardest-hit communities to see the sce of the damage. hly evans is one of them. she's lived inhe small town of trona her entire life. it's located about 30 miles northeast of ridgecrt-- the largest town in the area near the epicenter. >> ihought being in trona i' never experience anything cry. >> reporter: you didn't know that there was an earthquake with the potential for an earthquake here? >> i thought that was for movies. >> reporter: when we met the1- year-old single mother, she was returning home with her two- week-old baby and young daughter fothe first time in severa days. >> it's just me, so i had to buy l this myself anyways. so anying broken is what-- i

lost out on. um, i'm glad that my house didn't cave in anywhere. a lot of houses are coming down in the roof. >> reporter: did you have earthquake insurance? >> no, so i just have to clean it. >> reporter: about 50 homes in trona have been destroyed. rock slides temporarily closedd the main rto town, cutting off access to the 1,500 people who live there. the electricity was cut off--id emperatures hovering around 100 degrees. but it's since been restored. residents are still without drinking water so cases of water are having to be trucked in. it was a different scene in ridgecrest-- a community of 29,000 where water and electricity have been fully restored. crews are still inspecting homes fo,signs of structural dama but all government buildings have been deemed safe. they're not the onlytaking t stock ofhe quakes' impact. as the sun came uphis morning, a group of scientists and

researchers gathered to discuss their goals for thday. they're part of a large collaborative effort underway between govement agencies, iversities, and private companies who are quickly trying to study newly visible fault lines before the elements-- and humans-- disturb the scene. >> it's the biggest earthquake we've had inbout 20 years. so, brought me out of retirement to come back out here and help with the effor >> reporter: among them is jerry iseiman, a former senior engineering geolat the tulifornia geological survey. >> some of the rs further east of us are already getting covered by windblown dust and sand and we'll lose that.ci esly these smaller faults or faults that moved less in this event have very confined fracturing which can be hard to kne after a week or more. and what we don' is if these small fault small, displacements now might move with more displacement in a e fututhquake. >> each of these little red dots is an earthquake we've experienced over the last few

days. >> reporter: seismologist jen andrews and her colleagues at the ca technology in pasadena are analyzing data from the earthquake sensors to see what it can tell them about future events. >> one of the concerns here is that when we look at a map and we see faults into little faults sections intersecting like thisw weave a very clear picture that they can move together that because we've got movement on two different faults on two different sort of small faults they can join together and give us a much bigger earthquake. they can give us much bigger magnitude and stronger shaking. >> reporter: and although scientists are carefully monitoring seismic activity around the state, andrews says there are stl undiscovered and unstudied faults that could cause problems in the future. >> there are lots of faults that we haven't mapped that we maybe have some indication of from surface expression but haven't been particularly active. and so there's this risk that we

have to factor in as well about what could be moving that we're unaware of. >> reporter: many of the 4,000 aftershocks recorded so far have been small, but some residents are so unnerved that they've felt safer sleeping outside. he>> it's nice and cool ou. we get to see the stars and it's like a permanent camping tripus fo >> reporter: jessica schultz has ent the last two nights sleeping outdoors in trona with her three sons. been sharing a mattress in a tent in her front yard. >> i'm scared that if we sleep inside we'll have th sarthquake coming that the is gonna happen and we will not be to get out of this one. so i figure if we sleep outside and into our car and go because we already packed it. it's got food, waterit's got our clothes in it. everything that we're going to need. >> rstorter: as the sun set la night, they were building a fire ted preparing ready-to-eat meals dropped off by vols earlier in the day. local officials have warned

residents to brace themselves for more aftershocks over the coming days, but the likelihood of a large one has dropped significantly. smammer aftershocks including one just a few hours ago, judy? >> woouff: and these aftershocks clearly rattling people there. what else are they telling you? how are they coping?e >> thedents that we've been talking to have told us that e.ey really are on edg one mother told me that she has been sleeping in the the back of hepickup truck wth her four teenage children and none of thep have been getting much sleep over the last few nights.t another mothld me her young toddler has been crying outve loudly time she feels shaking. we also heard from residents that they heard reports that another lge aftershock could happen at any moment but we knou fr. gs officials that at this point the likelihood of a strong aft6ershoc or great

certificate less than 10%. but still at this time, even mild shaking iseally causing a lot of anxiety and fear among residents, adults and children alike. >> woodruff: it has to beg. unnerv and so cat, what would you say is the greatest ned there now? >> here where we spent the most time over the last couple of days the biggest need is clearly water. bottled water is being hande out to residents by volunteers and the national guard but we've been hearing from folks that ey are frustrated water service hasn't been brought back online for the community yet. many residents rely on running water fo their air conditioning units tand is extremely hot here. we spoke to a localy fficial too said it is unclear at this point when water service will be back up and running. >> woodruff: cat wise, we thank you. we know it i about a hundred degrees where are you reporting from southern california near

trona. >> woodruff: jeffrey epstein, a politically connected financier, is facing up to 45 years in prison on charges he was running a sex trafficking ring in the early 2000s that included underage girls as young as 14- years-old.no epstein pleadeguilty and has said with women he believed were 18 or older. thcharges were announced a part of an indictment unsealed today by federal prosecutors in new york as lisa desjardins tells us, epstein has plreded guilty beo lesser charges and has more on this story. >> reporter: epstein allegedly abused dozens of minors at his homes in manhattan and palm ach, florida. he enlisted girls to recruit other minors to his trafficking ring. and prosecutors said they seized scores of photos of fully or partlly nude girls. epstein, who has been seen in the past as a friend of

president trump and former president clinton, first faced other sex crime charges back in 2007. at the time, he could have faced life in prison for allegations with underage girls. but the prosecutor in the case-- alex acosta, now president trump's labor secretary---struck a more lenient deal. epstein served just 13 months in a county jail fothese crimes. a "miami herald" investigation earlier this year raised new questions about this deal andd brought forww victims. u.s. attorney geoffrey berman of the southern district of new rk said it was important tone brincharges now. iminning in 2002 and continuing until 2005 epstein is alleged to have abused dozens of victims by causing them to engage in sex acim with h at his mansion in new york and at his estate inalm beach, florida. the alleged behavior shocked the conscience. and while the charge conduct is

from a number of years ago, it is still profoundly important to the many allceged vitims, now young women. they deserve their dayn court. and we are proud to be standing up for them by briing this indictment. >> for some perspective on all of this and theio dec to bring new charges i'm joined by elie honig with the southern district of new york. let's start right away with these charges, they are very serious. they include allegations of mistreating and abusing dozens of girls but they are datin back 14 years and more. how unusual is it to have such a delay inringing charges and how can prosecutors do that? >> st quite unsual to see charges that are this old. the reason that the southern district of new york os able t charge this case so many years ofter the fact is there is actually no statutreu78 taitions-- limitatioa on the sex icking of minors charges. most have a statute of limitations meaning the time

when the crime is committed until you he ve to cha of five years but this happens to iousne of the few se statutes that does not have any statute of limitations. i can tell you the age of these charges will provide some obstacles and some deficits to prosecutors in proving their case. memories fade, evinc disappears. so i think these will end up being strong charges but thege could be an impediment. >> also, of course, of note is the face epstein faced that massive indictment in 26 but ultimately that was sealed as part of that plea deal that many call highly unusual. my next question is why isn't pais double jeoy if he already signed a plea deal in a case about sexualks conduct with minors. >> first i would call the plea deal that he got am florida the nonprosecution agreement more than highly unusual. i don't call it completely unprecedented am i don't know that i have ever seen a deal that lenient in a case like this. why isn't it double jeopardy, couple reasons. first epstein only pled to state-level arges.

these are now federal charges and that is not double jeopardy. if the state charges and federal government charges or vice versa, the supreme court just clarified this a couple of weeks ago that is not double jeopardy. second of all theonprosecution agreement that epstein entered into with the southern district of florida which was headed by alex acosta was only bind og on that one district,he southern strict of florida. not on the other u.s. attorney's offices including the south on distrinew york and the u.s. attorney for the southern district, that was said today during the press conference and that is correct. >> the "miami hera o" has reportthis for many months and so far secretary acosta has not commented on it it.n we asked agaiso if he had any comment today. do you think there will be followup for him because he was the prosecutedder in this case? >> politically there certainly could be. it is already beingd investiga sort of what went into his decision, making process. i don't see how he inr any sot of good faith or with a straight face manages to remain as a cabinet secretary in this

administration. that said, he's not shown any signs of resigning. president trump just today sort of reaffirmed his support for secretary acosta which i think is completely inexplicable. this deal that acosta gave t epstein years ago is completely indefensule it is unsual and unprecedentedded in several respects, in how short a term of prison epstein faced, 13 months he ended up serving and most on work release. the fact that o costa did not notify the victims violates federal law and is something even a first year prosecutor would know better than to do. so i have to thionk acsta new that and intentionally disregarded that obligatn. and the fat that acosta signed a deal that immunized the coconspirators, the people around epstein is very strange. why would he nt to do that unless he was protecting poker withful people who he was afrai of. you think he has some very difficult questions to answer. i also think c tgress nee do its job and dig in deep on what happened. >> i need to ask about tho

ripple effect, the politicians associated with mr. epstein. we know for example donald trump knew mr. epstein, here say quote from the president, hen not president, of course. in 2002 saved epsteine is he a lot of fun to be with. it is even said that he likes beautiful women as much as i do. and many of them are on the younger side. president trump acknowledging at at the time. and also of course we know that flrmer president clintonw with epstein on his private jet reportedly doz.ens of tim do you think or how would we learn if any of these individuals, others soshted witu can get t mup this ace? >> good question. so the number one way we'll marn who else was invol mi respect is if this case goes to trial. when a case goes to trial all the evidence comes out, names rnt named and we will le everything, if it comes to that. now if epstein pleys gui before trial then we will end up in a gray area. and traditionally what federal prosecutors do is they don't name other people who have not been indicted. you will give them sort

generic labels like we saw on the indisietment today, emeplo one, employee two, perhaps customer one, we saw individualn whichever one, in the michael cohen case, which kunte withou referred to president trump. we may see some generic reference to other people involved and we could have more indictments in which case we could see other people charged and we certainly will know who a re. >> elie honig former federal prosecutor from the southrin di of new york, thanks for joining us. >> thank you for having me. >> woodruff: stay with us. comi up on the "newshour," tamara keith and amy walter explore the latest twists on the campaign trail; 50 years after the moon landing, a retrospective on a giant leap for humankind; and an innede look at a app capitalizing on the trend of intergenerational housing. nearly 100,000ndocumented

immigrants were detained at the u.s. southern border last month is what happens after they are held in u.s. custody that has been under scrutiny in recent wks. the federal department of homeland security and members of congress have releas accounts of the overcrowding inside detention facilities. supporters of the trump administration's policies say they are a continuation of the obama years. jeh johnson served as the secretary of homeland security during the obama administration and he joins me now. jeh johnson welcome back to the newshour. >> thanks for having me. >> woodruff: ceonditions, if you see the pictures, read any of the account th look unhealthy, look at this, these are just some new pictures that have been released. it lookssanitary and worse. what should be done with these individuals? >> well, first, the reality fori thesgrant as, for these people from central america is

worse. it's worse in central america and the reality of the current conditions are terrible. any time you have border infrastructure for a population of x and you face x times four is bound to be tragic. first and fore most, judy, we estment continue the inv congress started in 2016, in adicating the povty and violence in val america, the push fact ares that motivate these families o come to the united states in the first place. >> woodruff: do i understand you to say it is worse where g they are comom, so president trump has said the situation there is worse than what thehave here. >> guatemala, el salvador, t violentis the mos place on our planet right now. exacerbated by the draught, the hit to the coffee market there and i will mefrget 2014 when we had a similar crisis, e mot as big, someone said to

me you cannot padlock a door on a burning building. and these families are making the basic cumanalculation to flee a burning building to seek a etter life in th united states. so we have to continue to invest in eradicating the poverty and violence. congress started in 26 with an investment of 750 million. and i'm tod that the initial investment we already made while a drop in the bucket was begiing to make a difference. so the spending that aid whichha president trumdone is the exact wrong thing to do. there are always additional investments we c make it in board are security, judy, but so long as these underlying push factors exist, and i know thism probr three year, illinois legal migration is by the circumstanceses that force someone to leave in the first placo >> woodruff: people recognize that and understand a lot of help is needed but we know that is notoing to t fixed quickly. in the mean time many, many

thousands of peel coming too this country what about the trump administration charged that things were just as badm under your inistration werk have a pick it ture heuer that they have spoken about of you touring one of these facilities in 2014. you just mentioned that. there is a sign there that says males age 16 to 18. was it it adbad un president obama as it it is now. >> well, certainly not as bad because we simply are not, we are not seeing then the numbers we are seeing now and any time you see a situation like this you try to anticipate it it and stay ahead of the curve. that photograph was from 204. that was a temporary facility in arizona when we had the spike in the families and the knds under the law when dhs apprehends an unaccompanied chred we are reqwithin 72 hours to transfer that child to hhs. in the mean time you simply have to have some place, you can't

relee them to thereets of el paso or texas and so that particular facility like others was set up to have some place to hold on to them until they can be prokus -- processed for a peferredz 72 hours. >> are you saying this was a temporary situation and different from what is happening now. >> yc, the the k log now ise beca the numbers, is ndrrible. and so you are bo see these tragic situations. and so it is up to those who are responsible for this to try to anticipate it and frankly to try in abest to treat peopl fair and humane way. and so we in the obama administration, we didn't alwaye have it it p and we were criticized but i would like to think that we tried to be sensitive. every time i would go to south texas, for example, i would always visit heese families, these kids an talk to the kids about why they came here. and what their circumstances are

so that i could see the proupblm lose and personal. >> woodruff: you have talked about, am fact you wrote an opinion piece over the weekend inouhich you talked it is time for straight talk from america's poitical leders were both political parties. one of the hinges you referred to was frankly what democratic presidential candidatesk some of them are advocating and that either de criminalizing people commitss the border an no other crime, in other words, saying it would be okay, it l would al for them to stay in the united states. you are saying that is notal tic. >> judy, i'm a prayed this is getting lost. tmost americans, and i mis from personal experience and from polls, most americans want an imimraition policy that treats people in a fair an humane way, particularly those who have been here for years who are becoming facto americans, integrated members of society. they want to see us take care of the dreamer class but also want a secure border. and the other reality is that

when we change our policy and we signal to people beyond our borders that effectively our borders are open and that you will not bhe can ported unless you commit a crime, for example, the migrants will hear that message. it will be aggravated and amplified by the smu aggle add instead of 100,000 a m mometh, we will deal with00, 300,000 a month and these situations will be worse. >> woodruff: so continue tole keep it l to cross the border. one quick thing, president trump is talking about tightening asylum lawsns, is that anwer to what is going on.be >> ieve and this is reflected in our current laws that every person who entered our country who makes a claim for asylum has a right to that claim for asylum and should. i think its fundamental to our american values and who we are as a natn that someone who is being persecuted in a foreign country should have the opportunity to make that case in

an immigration court here in this country. >> and the united states should provide facilities. should provide care for them. >> the answer is in my view, and this is what we tried to don the obama administration, keep them here, but hire more immigration judges. move heese cases faster so they don't take three, four, five years. and we werste very mucrted on that path before we left fice. rather than deprive someone who is being persecuted in a forgn country of the opportunity to make that case here in the united states. woodruff: jeh johnson, former secretary of homeland security, thank you very mr h. >> thanks ving me. >> woodruff: presidential hopefuls criss-crossed the country over the weekend. a as yamicindor reports, issues of racial injustice remained at the forefront.

>> hello! >> reporter: for some 2020 democratic candidates,oad to the nomination ran through new orleans and the essence fest this weekend. the event is a gathering put on by the company behind "essence" magazine. a number of candidates-- like california senator kamala harris-- came to sway this audience of mostly black votersl with ay-first pitch. >> a typical black family has just $10 of wealth for every $100 held by a white family. so we must right that wrong. and after generations of discrimination, give black a famili real shot at homeownership. >> reporter: her plan aims to put $100 billion dollars toward helping millions of minority homebuyers-- s toward down payments and closing costs. it also includes proposals to allow more people to build credit histories. it would also bolster laws against housing and lending discrimination. massachusetts senator elizabeth

warren arrived with a new plan of her own, having just written an op-ed for the "essence" website. "we need to demand," she wrote, "that companies and the government properly value the work of black women-- and hold them accountable if they don't." >> my plan is to use the power of the federal government on a half of a trillion dollars of government contracts, to make sure every government contractor in this country doesn't just talk the talk, but walks the walk on equal pay for equal work and a truly diverse workforce that looks like america.ew >> reporter:ersey senator cory booker also came with a policy-first approach. he highlighted his "baby bonds" idea of savings accounts, for b childrn in the u.s. former texas congressman beto o'rourke kept his fos on funding for historically black colleges and universities, as well as majority-minoritschool districts. cd mayor pete buttigieg of south bend, indiane touting his plan to bot

minority entrepreneurship. meanwhile, former vice president joe biden spent his weekend in south carolina-- where black voters histocally have had significant sway in democratic primaries. this weekend, he apologized forv us comments about working with segregationists who served in the u.s. senate decades ago. >> was i wrong a few weeks ago to somehow give the impression to people that i was praising those n who i successfully opposed time and again? yes. i was. i regret it. d i'm sorry for any of t pain or misconception that may have caused anybody. >> reporter: today, eric swalwell became the first democratic candidate to drop out of the race. before today, the california congressman was on the bubble for making it into the second set of primary debates later this month. r the pbs newshour, i'm yamiche alcindor. >> woodruff: and it's time for politics monday. i'm back with our regular team-- icy walter of the cook pol

report and host of the "politics with amy walter" on w-nyc radio. and tamaraeith of npr. she also co-hosts the "npr politics podcast hello to both of you, politics mondayl 's talk about joe biden first of all, tam. and that is his apology as we reported, some days after he made the reference and then in the debate he was con fronted by kamala harris. is it working? is iting to work for him at this stage to say i made a mistake? >> he has dominated the news cycle of the democratiprimary for three weeks. and not necessarily in the way you want to dominate the news cycle. because as you say, first it was his comments about the seg regraition ksh-- segregationist, he said he found them despicable but that he could work with them. but then the debate and then the aftermath of the debate. so with this speech he wasn't

just apologizing, he was also trying to get out ahead of something where he has been bend for weeks. and he was trying to paint a broader picture aut hi record, related to criminal justice and other issues of race. trying to get ahead of it. it is not clear yet whether it will work. clearly his opponents in the democratic race see an opinrtunity and they are ta it. >> does it look like a successful strategy to you? >> well, imgree with that when, you know, the classic line in politics is when youre explaining, you are losing, right. so he spent a lot of time explaining and that has really been the question about joe biden from the very beginning which is how much explaining for s 40 year record ise going to have to do. can he make one blankat ent and move on. he tried to do tay ail lit bit in the south carolina speech which is to say look, when i me to the senate i was 29 years old. a lot has changed in this country over those lst many years. a lot has changed within the

democratic party. i have cha.nged too he said i have witnessed incredible change and i have changed also, i have grown and that is a good thing 6789 but the chal edge was not so much his voting record t it was how he characterized working with segregationists. and also his 24er ree of the case in this ksh-- his theory of race in the case is difficult, ise counting on that there is a bigger constituency in the decratic party for somebod who is willi to work across the aisle, for somebody willing to be a compromiser, to sort of stick within the system rather than trying to blowp the system and african american voters are a key, key element to hi success. it is why he is a front returner right now. but we're starting to see that vote splinter away. >> woodruff: that is what i want to ask you about, because as we just showed and heard inpo the rt, tam, you had a parade, number of candidates talking about home ownership, talking about ways to rdress economic disparity in the african-american community. is that thway they win over

voters by talking about these sutantive issues? >> it is certainly one way. but the other thing that african-american voters and allo rs on the democratic primary continue to be looking fors who is the one who can win who is the one who can beat president trump,nd that has e en a critical part of joe biden's case whven in the debate, he was, all of the candidates were asked wht is e first thing will you do as president. he says beat donald trump. and so part of what has happened with this three weeks is that the the idea of biden as the most electable candidate is starting to erode and if you about back to 2008, hillary clinton had the african-american vote until she didn't. until it became clear to those voters that barack o am bama now esident o oma, former president obama could be the one who could go all the way.

>> woodruff: yeah. >> i a imree with tt and i also think the challenge right now if you are joe biden in rms of holding on to those voters, policy becomesnt impor and i remember right after a conference that was held porri n-american women, talking to people who hosted that conference, folks in the audience who said part of the reason elizabeth warren did so well with this audience is because she was soll versed on the policy and the issuesmena but yes, beting donald trump, mm one. but also being am touch with and seeming well prepared for questions about the lies and concerns of a very important constituency. >> and ezabeth warren was as we say going moo a lot of detail. >> that's right. >> on these hges. the other thing going on among democrats or i should saysp betweeaker nancy pelosi and alexandria ocasio-cortez, tam, is i don't know what you call it

t is not a feud but it is certainly shall we say an expression of different views on what the democratic party stands for. you ha nancy pelosi gave an interview with maureen dawd of "the new other things she was some what lismissive of the younger and more progressiveberal members of her caw cause. is this a split that we should take seriously? is it just momentary disagreement blip, how should we hesee this. >> is an expression about hurting herding catsk and democrats are like herding cats, they have a lot of different views. and nancy pelosi has spaker ha had 24 role where she tried to herd the cats. one of the challenges here is that pelosi is thinking about the entire dmocratic caucus,

conference in the house. she is thinkin about all those people who were just elected in 20189 in districts tat were held by republicans before. and then the more progressive democrats who are frustrated with this, tey were elected in really safe democratic seats.fe they have dint, they have different equities, different things that they are worried about. >> yh, the majoritiness are built on moderates and swing seats and republicans lol contst year by losing those swing districtsk democrats lost control in 2010 by losing those swing districts 2-rbgs is also the reality now that we asa watching america, voters become more partisan and more larized t is happening in congress too. there used to be a time when for both party there would be folks within their party that represented districts that were very different from the majority of people inhat conference. but they all found a way to get along. td they were even willi work with the other party to pass legislation. >> do we rememr that. i am old enough to even

remember those days. but that dun happen aore. so the challenge i think that pelosi and biden, th are both am this category of the system can only work if we compromise, thesystem can only work if stay closer to the middle. that sounds really out ofouch to a generation that grew up eing only division. and if you grew up only watching hesident obama who said can i do this, i cal the wounds, i can bring the country together, bring the fever down, that didn't work very well and it is certainly not working for. donald tru >> and stt generation that says we have the energy, the firepower and are the ones who will turn people out to vote. >> that's right. >> woodruff: amy walter, tamara keith, thank you both. >> you're welcome. >> woodruff: we look back now at a momentous moment for humankind. william brangham explores the apollo 11 mission 50 years

later. >> brangham: they're two of the most enduring, and perhaps most romanticized images of man'st finding on the moon: th carrying neil armstrong, buzz aldrin and michael collins. and, a few days later, armstrong's first wo he stepped gingerly onto the moon. that's one small step f man, one giant leap for mankind. >> brangham: a new six-hour documentary airing over three nights thiweek on pbs's"er american eience" aims to give a richer, deeper porait of the political and cultural context that surrounded apollo 11. >> this will be the greatest and most complex exploration in man's history. >> brangham: "chase moon," fleshes out not just how the cold war drove the space race

between the u.s. and the soviets, but it examinesome of the other tensions that affected the space program: the turmoil of the vietnam war, anger over civil rights and povty, and a public that was sometimes dubious of the huge price tag that it cost to get to the moon. >> i was 10-years-old when we landed on the moon. i remember it vividly. it was a huge part of my childhood. >> brangham: filmmaker robert stone spent five years on this documentary.ts he dug up f rarely-seen material, including that of president john f. kennedy. >> i think the prevailing myth that you have in most treatments of this story, is that kennedy made this speech, congress appropriates the money, nasa goes to work, and we accomplish this great goal for all of mankind. and the truth of it is so much more complex. kennedy had serious misgivings lmabout the moon landing aostme imdiately after he pledged to put a man on the moon. >> his budget director is

telling hinasa's going to break the bank, we've got to figure a way out of this, what do we do? >> brangham: stone plays rarely heard audio of kennedy's initial doubts. >> at least we ought to be as >> brangham: "chg the moon" chronicles the cold war pressures on j.f.k., especially after the soviet union launched "sputnik," the first manmade satellite, intspace. that opened a new front in space exploration. but stone also shows how the politics weren't alway clear cut. >> in 1963, severe criticism of apollo begano emerge from a variety of quarters. so, kennedy was concerned about this growing criticism and about his re-election prospects. and in that context, kennedy ed to the idea of cooperating with the sovietn.

unio why not do it together? >> why should man's first flight why should the united states and the soviet union, in preparing for such expeditions, become involved in immense duplications of research, construction, and expenditure? >>rangham: the series also details how u.s. officials conveniently overlooked the nazi past of werner von braun, a key figure who developed the "saturn v" rocket thlo took apol1 to the moon. during world war ii,on braun was a member of the nazi party and joined the s.s., hitr's deadly paramilitary units. were you aware that there was a slave camp near the plan worked at in germany? >> well, you are misinformed. the slave camp was about 400 miles from where i worked, >> he had to have known that all those people he saw pushing heavy equipment were horribly

abused. the story of ed dwight, whom the kennedy admistration actively promoted as the first black astronaut. but ultimately, dwight never went to space, and the series shows how key figures like chuck yeager, the legendary test pilot ,o broke the speed of sou rejected him.ge >> chuck year, he was one of my heroes. you know, he was the first man to go through the speed of sound. yeager had called in the entire instructor staff, and he announced that washington isam trying to he "n-word" down our throats. he said, "kennedy is using this to make racial equality, so do not speak to him. do not socialize with him. and in six months he'll be gone." >> brangham: during the third night of the series, stone shows

the growing public anticipation for the moon landiob, and the gl celebration that followed. h the fialds the historic achievements of apollo 11. >> one of the great things that came out of the space program, wamaybe the greatest thing the sense of optimism it engendered: that tomorrow will be better than today. the sense at we could overcome any problem, and that spilled out, even among those who were against the ace program. and so, the fact that we watched created this sense of global unity and a sense of our common humanity. >>"rangham: "chasing the mo isn't the only commemoration as the 50th anniversary approaches. there are multiple books and several documentaries out. e film, called "apollo 11," uses almost entirely large- format archival film shot by cinematographers commissioned by the government. it's being shown in shown in imax theaters and on cnn.

>> and the moon race continues ooday: china landed on the earlier this year. nasa has its own plans to go backand then eventually to mars. the trump administration has pushed to land at the moon's south pole by 2024, and use it as a potential launching pad foa in the 2030s. and private efforts, like elon musk's space x, aim to get there even sooner and potentially build a cony. >> brangham: for the pbs newshour, i'm william branam. >> woodruff: "chasing the moon" starts tonight on pbs' "american experience" and continues through wednesday. >> woodruff: cities across the country are struggling with a shortagef housing. but there are millions of spare bedrooms. as stephanie leydon frombs station wgbh explains, boston's

become a launching pad for a tech platform that connectspe le looking for affordable rent with homeowners who have room to spare. >> reporter: before she started her graduate program in public health, abby herbst got a crash course in math: there are tooap few tments for too many people in boston. >> i called a real estate agent and they wouldn't take me as a client-- ( laughs ) basically, i didn't have the budget for a regular place. and so i wasooking farther and farther outside the city. >> reporter: but she found a plac- just a 20-minute walk from campus-- in this townhouse. complete with a furnished bedroom.he look theomeowner. >> we saw did it tok very smoothly. >> they met online on a home >> reporter: they met online through a home-sharing website

called "nesterly," designed tora connect two geons with compatible needs: older people who want to stay in their homes, but need help... >> 12-foot ceilings, it's a little hard to heat in the wintertime. so a little extra doesn't hurt. >> reporter: ...and younger people who need a place to live. herbst pays $650 a month-- less than half the cost of studio and she does chores. >> like i take out the trash, there's snow shoveling. >> reporter: the home-sharing idea came to noelle marcus while she was living in boston. >> it was really, really expensive to find housing while i was in graduate school there. >> reporter: she now based here in new york. >> i think the average one bedroom in new york is over $3,000.ay >> m worse than boston. >> worse than boston, if you can believe it. >> reporter: cities across the country are facing a affordability crisis she says fueled by the same trends: a limited housing supply and an aging population of homeowners. pe>> we've had over 6,000 ople reach out to us from 280 different cities around the

world and tell us they want us to expand to their city. >> reporter: which is her goal. for now, nesterly is available the boston-area only. people have always rented rooms in their homes, so why do they ed nesterly? >> yeah, so according to a.a.r.p., 40% of over -year- olds say they're interested in renting a room in their home, but today only 2% are doing it. and we think that's because the right product and the right service did not exist. >> reporter: nesterly offers background checks, a paymeoi system and o support. a onetime housing aide to new york's mayor, marcus sees the platforms wae the housing shortage and a problem that plagues old and young alike: loneliness. >> people don't talk about it a lot and i didn't actually anticipate it before i came to college, but, like i had never bten meals alone before.

if i feel a litt lonely or i want to talk to somebody i just come downstairs and sit in the kitchen. >> reporter: where both she and atchison find a perspective they couldn't get from a peer. y just never know. you just never know!e what youing to talk about. >> reporter: that oldeopand younger enrich one another's lives isn't a surprise tonoelle marcus. she moved from boston to new rk mainly to be close to her grandmother. >> she's 89 and she's one of my best friends. >> repter: an inspiration for a housing innovation that helps two generations under one roof. for the pbs newshour, i'm stephanie leydon, in boston. >> woodruff: more and more states around the country are legalizing marijuana-- not just for medicinal use, but for recreational use by adults as ll. nearly 30% of us live in states

where recreational pot is legal. starting tomorrow, we have a special series, "the green rush," exploring the impact of these changes. miles o'brien looks at scientific questions about potency and use... yamiche alcindor explores racial inequities and criminal justice... and paul solman looks at the winners and losers when it comes to the business of pot. be a larger, wealth generating opportunity that i will see in my lifetime. >> ts is the green ruh, chasing an estimate 350 billion dollars in annual global sales. >> right now it what is happening in california is aggregation,ompanies requiring other companies. -- companying are acquiring other companies f we don't cultivate we lose the supplyai and could get crushed out. >> crushed outlining oliver baits with so youd cultiva marijuana for 25 years and now are you out of the business and broke. >> now mi out of the business

and broke. >> do watch theries, green rush airing this week on our program with more special content online. and that's the newshour for tonight. d m judy woodruff. join us on-line ain here tomorrow evening. for all of us at the pbs newshour, thank you and see you soon. >> major funding for the pbs newshour has been proved by: >> babbel. a language app that teaches real-life conversations in a new language, like spanish, french, germanitalian, and more. babbel's 10-15 minute lessons are available as an app, or online. more informationn babbel.com. >> financial services firm raymond james. >> consumer cellular. >> andy the alfred p. sloan foundation. supporting science, technology, and improved economic performance and financial literacy in the 21st century.

>> supported by the john d. and catherine t. macarthur foundation.ld committed to bg a more just, verdant and peaceful world. more information at macfound.org >> and with the ongoing support of these institutions >> this program was made rossible by the corporation public broadcasting. and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. captioning sponsored by newshour productions, llc captioned by g media acceup at wgbh access.wgbh.org >> you're watching pbs.

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