captioning sponsored by newshour productions, llc >> woodruff: good evening. i'm judy woodruff. on the newshour tonight: one on one. at a dangerous moment in thea persian gulfnversation with the iranian foreign minister mohammad zarif. then, the triple-digit threat. as a blistering heat wave blankets the u.s., wt can communities do to prevt loss of life in a warming world? plus, "apollo 11" at 50. half a century after neil armstrong took one small step, nasa looks to the future for its next giant leap. >> the moon is a proving ground for a sustainable human presenct next destination, which is mars. >> woodruff: and it's friday.

mark shields and david brooks alyze president trump's attack against four congresswomen of color and the brewing fight over health care in the democratic primary. all that and more on tonight's pbs newshour. t >> major funding f pbs newshour has been provided by: >> text night and day. >> catch it on replay. >> burning some fat. >> sharing the latest viral cat! a >> you can do the things you like to do with a wireless plan designed foyou.ou with talk, text and data. consumer cellular. tvarn more atmo consumercellula co >> financial services firm raymond james. >> the ford foundatiois working withnaries on the frontlines of social change worldwide.th

>> and with the ongoing support of these institutions: and friends of the newshour. anis >> rogram was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting. and by contributions to your pbs station from vwers like you. thank you. >> woodruff: teions in the persian gulf have escalated sharply today-- with reports of britain says one was british- flagged. the other was a liberian-flagged ship, operated by a british concer the vessels were stopped in the strait of hormuz and diverted to iranian wate. earlier, iranian officials also

denied that the u.s. warship "boxer" destroyed an iranian drone yesterday. we'll hear from iran's foreign minister mohammed javad zarif, right after the news summary.e president trump is now defending his supporters who rgeted democratic congresswoman ilhan omar this week. they cnted "send her back" at a trump campaign rally in north carolina.na omar came to the u.s. fr somalia as a child, and is now a u.s. citizen. yesterday, mr. trump sad he was not happy with the chants. a today, "apollo 11" anniversary event in the oval office, he wenafter omar again, and rejected criticism of the crowd. >> those are incredible people, those are incredible patriots,t 'm unhappy when a congresswoman goes and says, "i'm going to be the president's nightmare."gh she's going to be the president's nightmare. e she's lucky to be where , let me tell you.

and the things that she has said are a disgrace to our country. >> woodruff: yesterday,mar said she believes the president is a fascist, and that theti confron has become a fight over "what this country truly should be". three more white supremacists were sentenced today for attacking counter-protesters at a 2017 rally in charlottesville, virginia. the sentences ran from two to three years. the men pleaded guilty to riot charges for punching and choking their opponents. al were members of the ribe above movement-- a group known for tining in martial arts ar inciting violence at rallies in california. in chicago, a police overght board has fired four officers in connection with the murder of a black teenager, laquan mcdonald. the board found they made approved false statements about the killing. a white officer-- jason van dyke-- shot the 17-year-old mcdonald 16 times-- in 2014.01

van dyke was convicted of second-degree murder and is now in prison. the u.s. justice department today announced the e release of more than 3,000 federal prisoners. alit is part of a new crim justice law that eases mandatory sentences imposed for drugd crimes her offenses. >> in terms of the rangeof people who have been released,he the largest number are drug offenders, the second group are weapons and explosives and the third group are sex offenders, but there's a very wide range of people who are being released. >> woodruff: there are currently 180,000 inmates in the federal prison system. a heat wave spread misery across more of the country today,is pushing temperatures to near 100 degrees in washington, new yorks and other ci the blanket of heat and humidity no extends from kansas es east coast, and forecasters say temperatures will climb even higher over the weekend. we'll look at what's driving

this warm-up, later in the program. in germany, thousands of young people protested in berlin, demanding action to stop earth's climate from overheating. 16-year-old swedish activist greta thunberg spoke to the crowd, and urged olde generations to take responsibility. >> we young people are not the ones who are going to save the t world. there is simply not enough time to wait for us to grow up and become the ones in charge. because this needs to happen now. and it has gone so far that young people feel like they musn sacrifice their own education in order to protest against theor destruction of their future. >> woodruff: separately, german chancellor angela merkel defended her government's efforts, and pledged decisive action. germany aims by 2030 to cut greenhouse gas emissions 55% from 1990 levs. back in this country, president

trump says he will nominate corporate lawyer eugene scalia to be u.s. secretary of labor. he is the son of the late supreme court justice, antonin scalia. today was alexander acosta's last day as labor secretary. he resigned over a plea deal he once arranged with jeffrey epstein, on allegations of sexually abusing teen-age girls. wall street finished the week on a down note. the dow jones industrial average lost 68 points to close at 27,154. the nasdaq fell 60 points and0 the s&p 50slipped 18. still to come on the newshour: sitting down with the iran'sig fominister as tensions escalate between his country and the u.s.u. the threat to human life as a triple-digit heat wave rolls across the country. fifty years after we put a human on the mo, what does theha future of space exploration look like? mark shields and david brooks break down another packed week

of potical news. plus, much more. pl >> woodruff: we return to the confrontation between the u.s. and an. earlier we reported that iran seized at least one ship in the strategic strait of hormz, roiling the already turbulent waters of the persian gulf. as he left the white house this afternoon, the president again had tough words for tehran. >> iran's in big trouble right no their economy is coming to a crash. they're trying to bring soldiers back home because they can't pay 'em. a lot of bad things are happening to them, and it's very easy to straighten out, and it's very easy for us to make it ala worse. >> woodruff: before mr. trump spoke, and before news came of the ship seizures, i sat down

with iran's foreign minister, javad zarif. he was one of the principal negotiators of the 2015 nuclear deal with the u.s. and other world powers, which president trump pulled out of last year. now, zarif is one of the public faces of t islamic republic's alshback against the united states and its sod maximum pressure campaign of renewed and increased sanctionsd at forcing iran back to the negotiating table.at we spoke at the residence of iran's ambassador to the u.n., in new york. minister zarif, thanvery much for talking with us. >> good to be with you again. >> woodruff: let's start with the downing yesterday by tit states of the iranian drone in the strait of ho -- hormuz. president trump says this is thl est in a series of provoisktt and hostile acts by iran. is that how you see it?it >> first of all, to the best of our information, we didn't losee

any drones yesterday, so it doesn't look like they shot one of our drones. maybe they shot o of their drones, the report says they shot probably somebody else's drones.dr tive?rovo even if itat were our drone, we are in our own neighborhood. the u.s. naval vessel is aboutut 6,000 miles away from its shores, so i would ask you who's being provocative.ca >> woodruff: the trump administration's official line is that the u.s. isookingti for war with iran. the do you -- do you believe th? >> well, we didn't come to theth gulf of mexico.ic they came to the persian gulf. now they have to watch that th should not undermine our sovereignty, ourerritorial integrity or our security.it and then we won't have a war. >> woodruff: you have been saying thiseek, mr. minister,

that if the u.s. -- that if iran y be prepared to change the course of youruranium enrichment. >> no, we're not. we're not. we have an agreemt that wewe negotiated with the united states. it doesn't matter which o governme the united statess because the outside world considers the government sitting in washington as representing the united states.ta there is a provision in the urrent agreement that is, in ratifye're supposed to the additional protocol which requires us to put all our facilities under u.n. inspections forife -- that would be permanent -- and itt would also requireunitedre states to lift its sanctions byy cgress permanently. that is a provision that we already negotiated.ti he wants to do better?r? he can implement that provision

right now and rest assured that cean would never produce nuclear weapons. if that is his objective, he can do it now, 2023. we are prepared to bring that forward. we need to go to ourn parlia our parliament needs to ratify it. we could bring itif forward so that president trump could make history by making sure that the relations between the two countries would shank forever. >> woodruff: so -- but there's no indication right now that president trump will do that. >> because the motto i what'st' mine is mine, what's yours is negotiable. that won't work. >> woodruff:t there's no evidence president trp is inclined to do that unless you have information we don't have. hei'm not interested in wh is inclined to do, i'm interested in what the unitedat statesust do as a responsible player in thenternational scene. i'm sure president trump wants to leave a legacy of a-a

lding country, not a country that breaks treaties. >> woodruff: mr. minister, even americans who believe with you t that trump administration is wrong to withdraw from the 2015 agreemene ask why iran enrichinghi uranium beyond the cap? d ws iran need to do this? >> we don't need to do that. we have a provision in the agreement that, if one side does not fulfill its obligations, other side may, within the agreement, reduce its commitments. if the united states and if the europeansu don'till their obligations, then we have the right, that's a remedy. because, you know, the nuclearnu deal w not based on trust. the nuclear deal was based on total mistrust. we did not trust the other side, the other side did not trust us, let's be fair. americanff: but the people lookt at iran, they hear president trump saying this is

the world'sth greatestat right now, your country, they hear that you are enriching uranium, you're on your way to nuclear y s weapons, wuld they relax? >> had we wanted tld a nuclear weapon, we would have built it during the time we paid for it from 2005 to 2013, wewe actually paid many times inin international isolation and international pressure, in sanctions.ys but if he se are the greatest threat to the uniteddni states to its nationalio peace, just ask him who is bombing yemen?? who is imprising the prime minister of lebanon?n? so if you want to look for malign behavior, if you want to look for a threat, you look at saudi arabia. > woodruff: you mentioned yemen.d clearly, that terrible war hash been going on for years, the saudis are involved, the houthi

bels have a connection,ct clearly, with iran, we now know the.e. are withdrawing most of their forces. could this be a moment for some sort of brhekthrough?re >> we've had many moments to end the war in yemen.. saudis, unfortunately, believeli that they could win this war militarily within we can end it now, it just takes one cognitive transformation, this war cannot be won militari. we have diplomatic relations with the.ae. so we're prepared to meet them and the saudis. we can meet atth anytime, it requires a acceptance of the reality that we ned to provide our own security regionally and we cannot purchase security frou ide. >> woodruff: and what does that mean practically? >> practically means we need to work together rather than ouainst each other. >> woodruff: and this be a moment for that to happen??

>> it can. ev woodruff: is there some tangibleence?nc >> not yet, not with saudi af:bia. >> woodryou're saying at this moment, there is no tangible movement in thatdi ection? >> because, unfortunately, they see that the united states even supports them literally with murder. they can get away with murderr and stillor get the su of the united states and we all saw how it happened. o> woodruff: you just saidd iran is prepared sign a nonaggression statement. that stame time, we know iran ll supporting working with a number of armed non-state groups, militaries across thes region. why is thisreontinuing?ti why does iran need to work with these groups that are creatinat violence in so many countries? >> actually, we work with groupp that are defending themselves. it's ese united states alie

who are working with groups that promote violence. we work witho people, su people,po as everybody should, o are defendi the territorialal integrity, we're fightingn occupatand fighting adregs.eg >> woodruff: syria why is an still supporting the syrian regime which has killed its own people and used chemical weapons on them? >> we have said time and again at we are in syria, cooperating against i.s.i.s.t decision about who should rule syria is notu, is not ouurs, that decision is sole a decision that be made bye the people of syria. the united states wanted to pre-determine that bashar will w not be running the election. but if you believe that he is such a butcher that is killingng his people, then why do you mind

if he runs in an election?ct he will be voted out by the people. you should only make sure that you have a free and fairnd election,that's what we have been calling for. >> woodruff: you believe, ---- you believe mr. assadill allow a democratic process to go forward of free and fair elections in that country?ry >> i think he will and i think we all should help.dr >> wf: do you think the evidence of what he's done to his own people doesn't undermini that? >> his own people will decide.ot it's for us to decide. it's for his own people to decide, and i believe always, at the end of the day, people aree st judge. >> woodruff: but won't he be choosing who participates in the process? >> we can make sure thate the procesis free and fair, that we said from the beginning andue we conto say that. >> woodruff: iran is holdingg at least six americans,ri detaining six americans.ns why is iran holding them? >> the united states is detaining many iranians who have

n committed any crime. the united states is pushing other countries to detain iranians who have only violatedd s. sanctions.. i called for a mprehensive exchange. the united statesun is not prepared to do tha iran showed its good faith by releasing one, the united states has not reciprocated.s i believe the problem is in washington, not in ir .n. odruff: what will it take to release the american? >> i cannot get involved if it's just a one-sided situationua because our judiciary is inependent and they willake their own decision.is but if there is an exchange,ng then i can get involved. >> woodruff: if there's one message yoant the american people from the government ofme iran, what is it??

>> the government of iran doest ant to conflict. all we want is for no one to intervene in our affahs. n ik that's something that the american people could easily understand. the americans did not want others to intervene in their affairs, that's why they had the american revolutione ol not want others to intervene in our affairs. that's all. >> woodruff: foreign minister javad zarif, thank you veryth much. >> thank you.ve >> woodruff: with temperatures across the u.s. and around thed globe setting record highs this week, william brangham looks at what science tells us aboutco where wd be headed. >> brangham: that's right, judy. last month was the hottest june on recoing back 139 years, according to nasa.y, and toalf-way into july, the national weather service forecasts potentially deadly temperatures through the weekend, across much of the u.s. this week, a study by the union

of concerned scientists warned that the number of extreme heato days could re than double by mid-century-- just 30 away-- if we don't change howe much of those heat-trappings s we emit. for more on where we are-- and where we might be going-- i'm joined by astrid caldas. she's a senior climate scientist at the union of concerned scientists. welcome. >> thank you. e skeptics are going to say, look, it's summertime, ofrt course it's hot. what can you say -- what does the ience say about this particular kind of app -- a heatwave over the unitedstates. >> this particular heatwave is due totw a meteorogical phenomenon happening in the atmosphere, so this can happen independently of climate changec however, the heat dome leading to this heatwave is trappingpp warmer air because, as we know, the last 18 years, all the years

in this century have been record-breaking years in terms of warming.ng so the thermometer is gng up, temperatures are going up, so the heatwaves are likely going up, also. >> reporter: and this trend of mo, longer and hotter heatwaves is what the cmate models have projected. that is what we are seeing.in >> that's correct. we are seeing more extreme heat days, more consecutive extreme heat days and we are slated to a seot more of these extrememe heat days, as you said, if we don't take any measures to reduce the emissions pumped into the atmosphere, because extreme heat is one of the extreme impacts of climate change that responds very well to the emissions in the atmosphere. so if we have mo emissions in the atmosphere, more greenhouse gases, warmer, but if they'rehe reduced, reflect that and the extreme heat is reduced. >> we know that cities arepa ticularly vulnerable to

heatwave. all that concrete and asphalt gets baked in the sun in theay and emits the heat overnight as the sun is down andhat's particularly dangerous for people. are there things cities can do from an infrastructure perspective to help protect people fromge these dus? >> the idea of green cities is not a new idea. younow, as much as you can reduce the amount of heat that is absorbed by thos t surfac be readmitted at night, the better. of course, planting trees is always a good thing, increasing the amount of shade in cities, getting whi roofs or green roofs, all this reducings the amount that is absorbed, but ultimately, in the terms of particularly urban centers, frastructure is going to be built better or or adapted to be more resilient to the type of heat that we are expecting to see in the future. >> reporter: another issue, obviously, with heat like this is air conditioning. we know it's life saving and more and more people net,

especially in the developing world, but there isouble edged sword, it's incredibly energy intensive and emitter o eenhouse gases. how do we wrestle with that in a world that's getting hotter? >> yes, this is critical. we need the air conditioning. more areas in the united states areetng air conditioners. seattle got a big boom in the sales of air conditioning. >> reporter: seattle, washington. >> yes, seattle washington. areas that never had air conditioning historically are getting so hot before buying air conditioning. this puts a stra on our power grid that makes the power grid emit more because we're using electricity so there are more emissions, and in addition the substances used in the refrigerators and the air air conditioners, the coolants are both greenhouse gases and contributg to the global warming.

so more air conditioning, more emissions, more global warming, need more air conditioning again, and that goes on andn and on. >> reporter: the snake swallows its tail. >> absolutely, it's very tricky. >> astrid caldas of the union ofti concerned scis, thank you. >> thank you, william. >> woodruff: tomorrow marks the 50th anniversary of humanfirst setting foot on the moon. it's being commemorated in many places this weekend including an the waon monument and atme the white house, where president trump welcomed the two living members of the "apollo 11" crew today. buzz aldrin, michael collins, and the president scussed a new push to go the far side ofpu the moon and beyond. other countries have their ownts effnder way. china, which landed a robotic rover on the moon this year, and

india are working townned missions. tonight, we look at nasa's plans-- and how a mh morew ambitious ivate sector fits in.y, natura miles o'brien is our guide for this report about the "leading edge" of science. >> lift-off! >> o'brien: by definition,io anniversaries are all out looking back and reliving the glory days it's one small step foran, one giant leap for mankind. >> o'brien: and this week we have been doing a lot of that as we mark the fiftieth anniversary of the first moon landing. >> and lift-off at dawn. the dawn of orion.e and a new era of american space exploration. >> o'brien: but nasa wants to point the lens toward the future. the hope: once the golden anniversary passes, americans will put some gold into a moon shot for another generation-- one that looks like this: the rocket is called e space

launch system-- and is even larger than the mighty "saturn v"-- the rocket that carried apollmissions to the moon. sitting atop the s.l.s. is the orion crew capsule-- also larger the apollo command module.ru president directed nasa to return to the moon-- at first by 2028. but thispring, vice president mike pence moved that timeframe to 2024-- citing concerns over china's space ambitions. >> now, make no mistake about it. we're in a space race today, just as we were in the 1960s,96 and the stakes are even higher. >> o'brien: but some in the sce community aren't as worried about china. even so, most remain eager to see the revival of manned missions. orion would dock at a mini spac station called gateway that would orbit the moon. from there, the crew would fly a lunar lander to the su the new moon project is called artemis, named for the twin

sister of the greek god, apollom >> tn is a proving ground for a sustainable human presenct on the next destination which im s. >> o'brien: nasa administrator jim bridenstine says the bigger picture for the trump administration is even more ambitious: a sustained human presence on the moon using6 that lunar base to learn better how to design an outpost on mars. >> think of it as a reusable command and service module that is permanently in orbit aroornd the moon. so, the purpose of the gateway iabout lunar activities. but the next gateway is aboutde space exploration and maybet the third gateway is the journey to mars. >> o'brien: some experts think a return mission to the moon by the u.s. vernment is unnecessary. president trump has his owns redoubts about going twhich he reiterated today while meeting with the original apollo crew. but many agree with thewh

>> ae going directly without landing on the moon, a possibility? >> many agree with the overarching role to send men to t mars, including michaelha collins one of the members of the apollo 11 crewhat firstt land on the moon 50 years ago this week. >> i would say mars should be i our goal. do we have to be in a hurry to get to mars? no, i don't think so. i would not put it on an expedited basis the same waywa that "apolloan expeditedxp national program. but it should be definitely where we want to go, it shouldto be our target, our destination.o >> o'briennow, the realities are sobering.s orion and the s.l.s. rocket are years behind schedule, billions over budgt. the price tag for the artemis project would be large. bridenstine says it would cost $20 to $30 billion. the space agency is only set to get an additional $1.5 billion next year. not nearly enough.

>> are they going to ask for $10 billion extra next year? i mean it's jushard to imagine a realistic scenario. >> o'brien: lori garver served as nasa's deputy administrator during the obama administration. she says money is a big part ofe eason she doesn't support an apollo-like program-- meaning tightly controlled by the space agency-- with cost plus coracts for the likes of boeing and lockheed martin. i ould love for humanity toni be on the moon and mars. but it is not up to the deral government to pay hundreds ofb illions of dollars to do that. this is not somethe government should be doing because the private sector is investing their own money in very large launch vehicles. >> o'brien: garver says the government is pushing to do theo work, not just because of b exploration, bause jobs are at stake. even as nasa pushes forward, the private sector pushes faster.

amazon founder jeff bezos is financing a space exploration company called blue origin. he has expressed interest in building a lunar lander. and the largest private sector player, elon musk's spacex, is building its own rocket and capsule to get to the moon--us claims by 2023, a year before nasa's current deadline. garver, who is now chair of an initiative called the earthrise alliance, which advocates usinge spacnology to help solve the climate crisis. she says that should be the priority. >> i think what nasa could do and should do over the next fewd years is more investment in addressg the existential threat which is climate change. lives are going to be lost and hurt in the next decades if we don't do i >> o'brien: there is one changes coming to unar programam that is universally applauded--i nasa is pro the next human to leave a footstep on the moon

will be a wom. the space race in the was all white and all male, leaving minorities and women behind.eh >> it's upsetting frankly to think about how many women were scriminated against in t early years of spaceflight. ntil the space station, we've never had more than 50% or more female participatio i'd be thrilled with the next 12 people on the moon being women.i >> o'brien: fifty years ago, the space race was the centerpiece ipttle of the cold the support was btisan-- and the big money kept flowing. that was then. it's hard to find evidence that this is also now. for the pbs newshour, i'm miles o'brien. >> woodruff: democrats weref:

wiified this week in their condemnation of president trump's racist tweets. but, as lisa desjardins reports, a new rift among presidentialca didates played out on the 2020 campaign trail. >> we believe that health care is a human right. >> desjardins: on the trail, thl itical heat this week has been over health care and a policy duel between former vice president joe biden and vermont nator bernie sanders. in waukee, iowa, biden unveiled a health care plan that would keep and expand the affordable care act, or obamacare. >> my proposal is we take obamacare, and we build on the t parts that have been taken away, and we add a public option, which means that anyone who has their employer-based health insurance they like, they can keep it.

who sharply fired back with this ad and graphic saying bidenin has been lying about medicare for. all speaking at george washington university in the nation's capital, sanders made his pitch for universal care. >> every family in america woul >> evmily in america would receive comprehensive coverage, all basic health care needs are covered. and in the process, middle-class families would save thousands of dollars a year by eliminating their private insurance costs as we move to a publicly funded program. >> desjardins: as they battle on policy, campaigns are also tallying up the fundraising fight. from april through june, south bend, inana mayor pete buttigieg led the pack raising $24.8 million. three others-- den, sanders,th and his fellow senator elizabeth warren --were not far behind. california senator kamala harrit bron less, but still was

way ahead of the rest of thehe crowded field. and candidates got their tickets for the second debate series. of the 24 democrats running for president, these 20 will be on stge next week in detroit. there is one new face who madewh the cut: montana governor stevek bul it is a wide field, but appears eified on one front this the presidents tweets tellinget four congresswomen of color to "go back to where they came from." >> his behavior and his comment are disgusting. ey're racist. >> the current president of the united states has defiled the office of the presid the united states.ta >> it's racist. and mostly it's not what you want our president to be. >> today president trump said democrats a this country, again pointing to the frcohmenresswomen. >> what they've said is a disgrace to them, to the democrats and, frankly, to our country.

>>he debateontinues outside of washington.to the president left town for the weekend. i'm lisa desjardins. >> woodruff: and that brings us to the analysis of shields and brooks. that's syicated columnist mark shields and "new york times" columnist david brooks. hello to both of you. >> thank you, judy. >> woodruff: so let's go back to these attackst.y the presid they've now lasted a full week onnkth these democratic ngresswomen, all members, allrs women of color. he has called them a variety of names and he's told them, david, to go back to their countries. their home countries. of course,ou they'rel u.s. citizens, three of them were born in the united states.un what does all this tell us about president trump, about these women member of congress, about our country and what does it say about racism? >> well, it's racist.t. let's get that off the top, an example of it. trump has a certainn of what america is, and in his

vision america is yiewn phobic -- xenophobic.op the people of the heartnd are threatened by monals and people that don't look like them. it is a vision that is nostalgic, looking back to the past, and a vision of white america that whites created this country and the rest of us are here by their suffering, and this is theti nal story he wants to tell, and i think it's up to the rest of us toell the story about america.ri we're are a country defined by our future, not our fast and traditionally crossed frontiers as a mission.on we have a mission to create a mass multicultural democracy where people of all racecan be united in one democratic process, and that is a hard h thing to do, but donald trump is pointing us in the exactt oppositedirection. >> woodruff: how to you see all this?? >> i see it probably less cosmically than david, though i agree totally wth historicalca and philosophical perspective. i don't thi donald trump has a

vision. i think he has a vision of the campaign. what donald trump wants to do, richard nixon, who along with franklin roosevelt, only two americans have run five times for national office and won four times. pick vice presidential runningni mate, never helps, always hurtss you, because you are therr explaining or defending or apologizing for what vice presidential no, ma'am snee ine said that morning portland or peoria, the case for the prosecution sah palin for john mccain. and what donald trump is trying to do in a cynical and callous s fashion aid is right a.p. about the racist implications oi it is to marry these four freshmen members, to make themm t running mate, whoever the democratic nominee is, and the democratic nominee would then have to -- the fo of them would speak very blunt about it, like donald trump, are hilo tropic plants. heliotropic plants, sunflowers,

turn to get the sun's race. these four women have a gift for seeking cameras and microphones and winning that attention, just as donald trump did. so that's what he wants to. do they have gotten there by sayrrng tly controversialov things, by criticizing their own party leadership, an that's what donump wants to do, to whoever the democratic nomineee is. he knows, if the eleconf 2020 is a repled -- referendumdu on him and his fails,mericanic do not like him, do not trustst him, do not respect him, they do not thk he is an object of inspiration or in any way t them, their children, then he loses, but he has to me it about something other than himself. >> woodruff: but, david, does this h plp thesident?nt i'm asking in part because we watched a cross section of republican reaction that mee republicanser were critical. a few. a number embraced him. but they're quiet.

>> there are a few these are on how donald trump can win thisbus electio they're based on i donald trump have to win over people who do not likee, because most don't like donald trump. one theory is he drives the democratic party so far left that most people feel they have no choice but to vote for donald trump. >> 72. and by attacking the squad, he forces the d. j. party to embrace "the squad" and "the" squad" becomes testify voice of the democratic party for at oast a week, that' theory. the second theory is i don't like donald trump b this economy, and that theory is you lay low and just let the economy your speaking forg you. not really donald trump's style, so he's going with this. do i feel it will end up working? no. because fundamentally the vas majority of america likes a diverse country, abhor racism,sm so it may work with a small base, but i think, on balance,an the evidence is v clear the mass majority of the country finds it repelling.ng >> woodruff: well,e had crowd behind him this week in

north carolina, norhe america. >> did. he was with the crowd and he was against the crowd. now he's back with the crowd,wd we've learned most recently. judy, the vote for president is the most personal vote any of us americans cast. we're far more apto cast a vote based on issues, whether the economy, immigration, the environment, for the unitedni states senator for congress. but for president of the united states, we have information ove foad. we haveelma for who these people are as individuals and whether we like or trust them. donald trump is presiding overng the greatest economy, employmeno terms, in the history ofy american under the age of 68. y coulday 50 years ago, it, was almost good. it's a e peacetimeonomy, a remarkable thing. yet, judy, we sit here tonight d 13% of americans say they'rere often inspired by what he says, and half of amicans say they're never inspired. americans do not trust him. i mean, one-third think he'ss

honest and trustworthy. so donald trump has to make this election not about h if it's about him, it's a referendum on him and hisme qualities, thecans have already decided they don't --- daily ofr in a sing his presidency had a majority of americans say they approve of o him. wit greatest economy ever. so, i mean, if he was smart he would withdraw and go to ground zero and hey look at economy, i've done it, working on it, that's all i'm ing. he can't, he cannot.no >> it's worth pointing out in an analysis today is on how the electoral colleg could differ from the actual possible votes and the analysis is trump could lose the popular vote by 5 percentage points which is wayh more than the 2.8 he lost last time and still carry the electoral college. >> woodruff: theesident managed to overshadow a dispute between "the squa and speaker

pelosi, but also shadow what the democrats runnng against him are saying on the campaign trail. david, there was onee disppu among these candidates that ida want to ask the two of you about and that's on healthcare. bernie sanders is out there saying t's move to sing pair, doubling down on that, saying that's the way we take care of all americans.ca you have al gore doubling down on obamoare. what this add up to? >> yeah, joe biden was -- >> woodff: what did i b say?? you said al gore. he's runng, too? >> woodruff: overshadowed, but not that much.c joe biden. >> joe biden.u now, i, of course, thinkrs joe biden's policy is a betterr policy andolitically it's better because i don't think 170 million americans with theii privaurance plans are going to want to give that up and i happen to think that's death nail for any democratic candidate. to me, thera interesting questin can be forn democrats to say, hey, all we've got to be isis

neutral to beat this guy, let's be new central and let'sot get carried away, and that would be a very rational way to conduct th campaign, let donald trump kill himself and lte not be objectionable. it's not in the spirit of the democratic party. the international fervor is with warren and "the squad."il itbe interesting to see if anybody can carry off a campaign that gys let's no carried way. to me it doesn't feel that kind of a year b a year where fervor will beat >> woodruff: what do you see here? jonathanthsint out martin, daviaper today, spoke about seven democratic governors who won in 2018 who are quite upset, exercised about the theme, the direction, the passio of these democrats. david mentioned the -- >> woodruff: but they're ving to the left. >> they're moving to the left, and i think the consensus,

certainly my own was and democrats i talked to after the first debate, was also one. very few who are cheered by it, who's objective and operatingat princal was nominate ago candidate who could defeatd donald trump and be a good president at the same tme. so you look at this, judy, and i think you have say that you just won an election in 2018, it was a congressional election, that healthcare was the dominann issue. and john boehner, republicanub eaker of the house, 20 years of house of representatives, freed of all obligations, said in 25 years in the house, never once in all the years worked on it did the republicans ever come up with a single healthcare plan, and he's absolutely right. ensus was never a co republican healthcare plan. there wasea minute 2017, 2013, 2019. so the point was the democratsat

can't give it away. this is their issue.. they are the ones who were fightingro toct pre-existing condition for voters. >> woodruff: andr you're sayinb that's whnie sanders -- - >> i think that's exactly what democrats do. you talk about winning the states david mentioned, thoseen are the states the two have strong labor union membships. labor unions have wonor their member schist, auto workers,, steel, they've won grea healthcare plans.la you start the election by sayinn we're going to get rid of thesee 170 million americans, you' not going to have it, you're going to have a better system. come on, is this l+2sr:urh and plausible? >> it's striking but the fervor with sanders, it strikes me this whole week that pelosi versus this scwawd -- squad and sanders versus bynes. pelosi basically grew up in a time where you worked within t

system. there's a system here, you have to compromise and dialogue andd get what you can.. the question is not what i want but how much i'm getting. i a lot of people are saying i'm blowing up the system, a frankly donald trump on the right is a little ofru that, "th t, and is certainly t bernie sanders is certainly that, and i was very struck about how tough w sanderst after biden.. called him a liar, which he was, and he was not a lier in that case. >> woodruff: we are watching it and need to be talking aboutw these democratic candidatesda because ey've got another debate coming up next week andto we're going be looking at that. david brooks, mark shields, a thank you both.ot >> thank you,judy. >> woodruff: the band, the black keys, debuted its first album in five years recently at the number o spot of the u.s. album chart.

its vocalist and guitarist dan auerbach has also been making a name for himself in recent yearm in another setting.je ffrey brown visited him in nashville recely as part of our ongoing arts and culture series, canvas. >> the idea here is to be able, to see everyod make eye contact. i can even see the singer in the other room over the >> brown: eclectic, functional, and intimate: it's a space thatt seems to sum up dan auerbach's philosophy for making music. ♪ auerbach is best known as one half of the two-man rock band, e black keys. as well as for his solo work. ♪ but he's also made a mark as a reheord producer, as head of label, easy eye sound, based vihere at his studio in nae. it's a nondescript building-- a former call center-- but now the source of nearly a dozen albums in the past two years.

>> that drum booth, i set it up after muscle shoals sound. >> brown: it combines features of famed recording studsdi auerbach loves, such as muscle shcals in alabama, a 1970s m for soul, blues, and rock. >> i did a lot of investigating, i went to memphis, and new york city, and l.a., and visited t classic rooms, and talked to the classic console makers. and so this studiohand- picked down to the wire, you know what i mean? every little part of it. and it's completely unique, and ehere's no other studio in world like it. >> brown: every piece of vintage gear works. it's fully wired, ready to record-- multiple keyboards, four sets of drums, dozens of guitars. >> i used this one on of thebl very firsk keys recordings we ever made. each one of these has history,ea and each one has its own sound. it's like having a toolbox full

of different tools. >> brown: but tools alone, auerbach says, aren't enough to replicate what he calls "the famous music factories." >> i think when you start, you are attracted by all the light and all the faders, and all the knobs, and then when you getu down to it, alize it's mostly just the musicians, you know? >> brown: but then, we're in a studio surrounded by instruments, and gear. >> well, this is a city where tpeople know how to playm, >> brown: that's why auerbach started easy eye here, in 2017, by hauling some of nashville's best session musicians out of retirement. ♪ including billy sanford, who created one of the most famous riffs in rock history for roys orbison's hit "pretty woman". ♪ pretty woman

yeah, i think everybody knows that. but that's you, huh? y >> that's me and two other guitar plers. ♪ >> brown: the easy eye houseba now includes sanford and keyboard player bobby wood: renowned session musicians who can improvise, collaborate, learn a part quickly, and recor eight songs in a day. >> you never know what's coming next. but, that's good, that keeps you on your toes. ♪ >> brown: here, everyone sits side-by-side like the old days of recording, sanford says.ve different from the way many studios now record vocalists anl musician in isolation, mixing it all together in post- production. >> the main thing is all the players are here. you're not lking at some guy doing some guitar work here in nashville, and then sending it off to l.a. or somewhere else,

or, and then a record, you knowh k you miss the heartbeat of a record unless everybody isf playing together at the same time. >> brown: i asked auerbach ifd he'd set out to preserve something important being lost. >> i don't feel like aio preservst, i feel like everything we're doing is new. e don't want to, we don't cut old songs here,ut new songs. i just want to make something i'm proud of, and make something that feels like the rerds that i love, the records that i just want to live with,orever. ♪ >> bwn: that's meant a varie of genres and a growing portfolio of rising artists, including yola, shannonhaw, robert finley, and 21-year-old dee white.

♪ white, from slapout, alabama, had barely started singing when he was brought in by a mutual acquaintance. the two clicked, and that led to days of intensive songwriting, followeickly, by a recording session with special guests like alison auss stopping by to sing harmony. >> part of the reason at this is such a blessing for me, is there hasn't been any kind of molng, or shaping of what i should be doing, musically. i feel like that is something that a lot of people who come to town face. >> brown: you mean trying to put you into a certain box, or--? >> yeah, you know, as far as aea sound, or whatever, and i feel like a lot of people have to compromise in some ways, and i never had to do thaou know,ea >> brown: sy eye sound has signed ten artists so far with

several high-profile announcements expected in theth coming months. and, for long-time black keys fans: the new album was recorded rre recently. so, is this like theterm, sustainable way of life, is that what you're building? >> well, if y talk to my accountant, he'd probably tell you t,, but i mean, in my hear i believe that this is what i'm i' supposed to be doing. >> brown: a blend of old and new-- one song at a time.r e pbs newshour, i'm jeffrey brown in nashville. ♪ >> woodruff: jeff gets all tt good assignm >> woodruff: two men are inside the repos. it's a "newshour" special, a 30 minute deep dive into what is in the muellerat report ahead of the special counsel'spp arance and testimony next week on capitol hill. check your local listings to see when it airs on the pbs station

near you. and tune in next wednesday morning starting at 8:30 a.m.a. eastern for our live coverage of mr. mueller and the congressional hearings. and that is the "newshour" for tonight, i'm judy woodruff. have a great weekend.nd thank you and good night. major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by: d >>!evin. >> kev >> kevin. >> advice for life. life well-planned. learn more at raymondjames.com. >> consumer cellular. c >> babbel. a language app that teaches real-life conversations in a new language, like spanish, french, earman, italian, and more. >> supporting social entrepreneurs and their solutions to the world's most pressing problems-- sllfoundation.org.s sk william and flora hewle foundation. for more than 50 years, advancing ideas and supportingmo

institutions to promote a better world. at www.hewlett.org. at >> and with the ongoing support of these institutions and friends of the newshour. >> this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting. and by contrutions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. th captioning sponsored by newshour productions, llc ll captioned by media access group at wgbh access.wgbh.org >> you're watchingbs. >>

also department of justice declines to press charges in a case that galvanized the black lives matter movement but ca fornia lawmakers try tothe new standards for police use of force. chevron comes under fire for state regulators for its handle of a massive oil spill in the valley. we begin our show withthe ongoing debates over immigration and race but and how it's already shaping the president donald trump e ntinues to crackdown and immigration at ore the border this week announcing a new assignment policy that stands to leave thousands of