captioning sponsored by wnet >> sreenivasan: on this edition for sunday, july 21: heat emergencies continue along the east coast amidecord high temperatures; heightened tensio ons over iran's seizu a british tanker; and documenting the plight of marginalized americans. next on "pbs newshour weekend." >> pbs newshour weekend is made sible by: bernard and irene schwartz. sue and edgar wachenheim iii. seton melvin. e cheryl and philip milstein family. the j.p.b. foundation. rosalind p. walter. barbara hope zuckerberg. corporate funding is provided by mutual of america--

designing customized individual and group retirement procts. that's why we're your retirement company. ditional support has been provided by: and by the corporation for public broadcasting, and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thanu.k from the tisch wnet studios at lincoln center in new york, hari sreenivasan. ivasan: good evening and thanks for joining us. the heat wave sweeping much of the central easteru.s. is near over. a cold front is forecast to bring rain and lower teiteratures and humidity a moves from the great plains to the east coast by tomorrow night at washington dulles airport this weekend, united airlines workers were monitored to make sure tkehey cool as the temperature reached the high 90's in high humidity. >> we hohave a number of m that we use to prevent heat exhaustion. so we have cooling stations strategically placed around the terminal with gatorade water and

ice. >> sreenivasan: a of severe storms hit wisconsin and michigan on friday night and again yesterday. in southeast michigan, hundreds of thusands of people were without por this morning after a storm downed hundreds of power lines with winds topping 80 miles per hour. in wisconsin, residents are still cleaning up thmage from fast moving winds that hit on friday afternoon. iran continues to hold a british oil tanker and its 23 crew members after seizing it on friday. iran's g revolutionard released video today showing the stena impero flying an iranian flag, docked in the southern port city of bandar abbas. there is no sign of the crew. britain's transport agency tweete td a map this mornit it says shows iranian boats and troops forced the tanker out of international waters and highlighted the location where it was "intercepted, boarded and re-routed into iranian water." in audio recordings from a security firm released today, an iraniaean officer can be telling the stena impero to change course on friday

>> sre enivasan: and a br naval officer on a ship in the area insists the stena impero be allowel d to srough the strait of hormuz. >> this is britiship foxtrot two three six. you must not impair, impede, asobstruct or hamper thege of the mv stena impean. >> sreenivjoining me now for more on the developing situation in the persian gulf and iran, brain and the united states' responses is jackie northam, international affairs correspondent for national public radio who joins us from from washington, d.c. this is slow and developing story but it seems the tenssion keoing higher and higher now with people kind of positioning, where was thwhship, e wasn't the ship, who told them to go where, at what time.

>> yeah, certainly the video helped to start proving some of these things for sure.s thereo question that the tension is high in this area. there is big concern about sh whether they should be sailing to the strait of hormuz or in the wurroundingers. as you say this ship was in time.waters at the on top of that insurance rates are going up. some countries like the u.k. says stay away, british ships, for nobew. use we just don't know what is going to happen. really we do not have theur res to help these ships. if the british navy could have got there in tiement, it could have helped them but the matter is the british frigate was 60 m autesy. it couldn't do much and it gives you a see how close the the resources are in the area. >> what has t response been by the british government and allies? >> well, the britis government r its part is trying to solve this diplomatically.

jeremy hunt the foreign secretary has said he doesn't want a military answer to this. he has reach out to iran's foreign minister zarrive and the two have tad ak but the fact of the matter is zarif dun have all the power in iran. you have the iranian revolutionary guard that also have a say and they are the ones doing this. the u.ins. itself is tg to pull together a colis, a mar i ti colyings to help protect ships in this reg orn but so far it wasn't got a lot of traction there is not a lot otif ap because at is dangerous, b there are so many 14eu7s in this areat thaould be extremely difficult to protect them. the other problem too is that a lot of the country, particularly the yawr pens are not happy that the happy that the u.s. pulled out of the nuclear accord with iran and they say this is what really has lead to the position we're in right now. >> and then there is lzind of a direct tension between iran and the u.k

iran says it is retaliatory action and the u.k. is going through a transition of power very soon. >> oh yes, the next leader of the u.k. which should be decided this week is hawkk head-long-- walking head long into this crisis. they are going to he to deal with this, absolutely. part of the problem too is that iran says this was a retaliatory action for a tanker that british forces seized in gill bral tar earlier-- earlier this month, and what happened on friday the gilbratlatr curt decided to extend the-- of that tanker and all of a sudden a few hours later the iranians have taken a british tanker which seems like a tit-for-tat, which could keep contiuing if this goes on. >> in the context of this can i plom see you have ark ark saying-- ahmadinejad says let'sr direct talks with the united states and see how to move forward on this, it kind of

cameueut of the >> and zarif, the iranian foreign minister, when he was in itw york last week he met western journalists and was kind of dangling out there as well that perhaps there could be some reopening of talks here, you know, under very strict circumstances, which is something that the u.s. didn't rise to, they discialt want-- didn't want to take that bait, if you l the fact of the matter is some sort of negotiation is going to have to be carried out because it is so volatile in the golf right now and so much of th world a's crude flows through the strait of hormuz t is rlly important for global shipping that this remains sort of a calm area rather than what we are seeing right now. so there are reasons on all sides to try to sort this out but we have to see what is going it to happen in the nextlittle while. apparently senator rand paul of kentuckyas been allowed it to

be a middleman, if you like, between iran and thu.s. right now, president trump says he ham given that right. so we will see if that might show op up things her >> sreenivasan: jackie northam, joining us from washington, sngs sh. >> thank you. >> sreenivasan: what may be the largest demonstration yet is plannepud for tomorrow ierto rico-- after a week of demands that governor ricardo rosello resign. banging pots and pans, hundreds of protesters gathheed outside ofovernor's residence in san juan yesterday. this round of demonstrations began after hundreds of rosello's private chat messages insulting, among others-- women, homosexuals, political opponents, and victirr of hucane maria, became public last weekend. protesrstelso oppose the governor's economic policies and accuse him of corruption. we will have more from puerto rico ceroming up aur news

summary. police in hong kong used tear gas today to try to disperse hundreds of thousands of pro- democracy demonstrators. protesters threw eggs at a government building, spra painted surveillance cameras, and defaced the chinese national emble which represents mainla chinese authorities. police resnded by waving a black warning flag before hurling canisters t tear gas inhe crowds. pro-democracy demonstrations began last month calling for rect elections and an independent investigation into police abuse during previoot ests. ukranian voters gave a boost today to the party of comedian tued president zelensky in parliamentary elections. exit pls show that zelensky's "servant of the people party" won more than 40% of the vote, giving it a firm mandate. following the exit polls, zelinsky said that his priorities are to end the war with russia, bring prisoners home, and defeat political corruption. closely associated with russian president vladimir putin placed a distant second in

s vote. in japan today prime minister shinzo abe's ruling coalition boc secured a majority in parliamentary upper house elections. abe's t coalition did ach the two-thirds majority needed japan's pacifist constitution in order to allow its military to intervene in international disputes. the japanese pifist constitution has been in place since occupying american forces created it in 1947. despite this setback abe is now almost certain to set the record for japan's longest-serving prime minister. humanitarian groups say they will resume rescuing migrants off thibe coast of at the end of july-- seven months after being forced to stop. doctort s withrders and a partner organization will use a new ship. the humanitarian groups blamed european governments for n their earlier rescue missions in the mediterranean. for the latest devopments on tensions between iran and the west, visit pbs.org/newshour. >> sreenivasan: for more on

puerto rico, i'm joined now by "washington post" reporter arelis hernandez via skyperom so tl me what was the tipping point, why did these protests emerge this week? >> so puerto ro has been going through quite a bit of drama eralorically in the last s years, not the least of which has to do with hurricane maria. so athere has beot of suffering accumulated. but what really sort of tipped the scales for folks was a seergs of leaked ksh-- series of leaked texts that came through the local investigative journalism in puerto rica in which severajokes were made between the govern ricardo rossello and his innercircle joking about thingsk among them the cad avers,eople that died due ng hurricanmaria and the bodies piling up in thing more. they joked , about thd that is is what set people off. >> sreenivasan: it on the heels on an palbi

gation against allegations against some of the members of the inner srk el. >> right, he actually had t end his european vacation early to come back to puerto rico. two top members including the teucation secretary were indicted and arrby the fbi encore ruption charges including money laundering. sically they are being accused of having steeredio bi-- millions of dollars in federal aid to specific preferred can cats. >> you mentioned hurricane maria, and you have been reporting on this ever since the storm. you about you just were out there reporting over this past week and were you talking to people without didn't have power or water for months. >> yeah, no, i think that is partf what has upset people so much is that you can have a real lack at what the imoffer in's innercircle were thinkinlkand d about while people are

suffering in puerto rico. and it puts indimps to their suffering. >> sreenivasan: tell me about what sort of support now that the governor still has.e becaure on the mainland we are seeing lots of democraticpr idential candidates and other members of the party kiss tansing themsees from him. >> right, the governor right now has very little support across puerto recognizeo p fromitics to business people have been calling for him to resign, members of his ownty p puerto rico's representative in the house basically asked him to resign also this week be. i'm guessing his family is still behind him. he still has a few supporters in the party but the legisture is actively looking at impeachment. >> sreenivasan: so there is a catch here, because if he does resign the secretary in line is the sretary of state, but that person is also resigned after these chats. >> yevment the secretary of state was a part of this chat

ram, frat tboy club t some people have called it out here. and he, it is unclear if he still in his post but he basically resigned so if rossello tep sts down or is impeached right now there is no clear successor. >> sreenivasan: so you have a clear successor even if there is a resignation. you h tve people stillying to recover from the storm, all of the aid has not made it to puerto rico, right? >> right, no, puerto rico is at a turning point. this i a moment of crisis for i am going to say country because that is how folks describe puerto rico as a u.s. territory but st a moment where folks are really starting to call in all havegrieveances that they had to enduring for years. >> sreenivasan: from puerto rico arelis hernandez, thank you so much. >> thank you for having me. >> sreenivasan: perhaps the most ng image of the great

depression is dorothea lange's 1936 portrait of a migrant mother in nipomo, california. the photographeround the woman sitting in a camp where field workers had assembled after their pea ops had failed. the great recession of our era perhaps has no such single image, but photographer and writer chris arnade has a book full of images with an equally compelling and imtimate pepective of what he calls "back row america." for more than ten years he's been travelling the country, taking pictures and writing storiesce about americans f to the margins and trying to survive. newshour weekend's christopher booker has more. >> reporter: as the foreclosure crisis erupted in 2008 and wall streets' bad bets started to pull the rug from under the american economy, long-time bond trader chris arnade decided to take up walking. >> a lot of it was just to relie stress to be honest a to kind of remove myself from my job to kind of get a different perspective. initiallthey started with a goal this kind of cataloguing, i

wanted to walk the entire length of the new york subway system. so i would take the subway to the end of the subway-- the terminus-- and then walk home and i managed to walk thentire length of the new york subway system. >> reporter: but this process, these walks changed things for you. >> yeah, i mean to be kind of blunt, i just learned how privileged i was and how wrong my thinking was. you know if you'd asked me prior to the financialrisis what i thought about my career on wall street i would'vnisaid it was ; it wasn't good, it wasn't bad. after the crisis i came to the realization it wasn'benign. we were doing damage. >> reporter: these were the thghts running through the wall street veteran's mind as he walked through some of the most economically challenged parts of new york city toward his million dollar brooklyn condo. >> what started seeping in was this realization that we on wall street had messed up. this intense obsession with profit and efficiency and thinking that all that matters is growing the economy, damn the

conseqesue well, the consequences were really bad. >> rep just spend this time walking. he started taking photos-- posting them to a blog-- and writing about what he was seeing. >> wn you're sitting down on-- in wall street, playing with numbers that are just blips, you can sit there and argue, "we should take over these companies. and we should go in and fire these employees." well, you can destroy whole communities when you do that. and so at some level it evolved from a personal experience to a kind of a political one where i saw all these things that frustrated me and i kind o wanted other people to see them as well. >> reporter: in 2012, arnade left his position as a bond trader at citibank. he was wealthy enough to not seek another wall street job and instead devoted his time to domenting "poverty and addiction," driving all over the country to the parts of town people told him he "shouldn't visit." posting his pictures along the way. in short tim his work started to attract attention. his photos and essays were featured in "the wall street journal," "the guardian," "the

new york times," and "the atlantic." w, seven years after he left wall street, his work has been compiled into the book "dignity: seeking respect in back row america." where would you say is back row america? >> it's all over. i mean, it's not, certainly not a red or blue thing. it's a lot of neighborhoods in new york city, it's in appaachia, it's in california, it's in chicago, it's everywhere. it's neighborhoods generally and communities that are often adjacent to very wealthy neighborhoods. it's kind of the bulk of the tion, but the people w don't get a lot of attention. we tend to focus on what i call front row, which is people who go to harvard or princeton or what have you. i love that picture. >> reporter: arnade's photos and essays play like a slide show of america's struggles, all taken from t corners of the country that appear to have been left behind. one quoneshat comes up quite often and you talk about

throughout the book is why don't people leave these places. you call this question insulting. why? >> it's completely insulting. it's like this idea that we should all be economic migrants in our own country. you know, people shouldn't be expected to have to get up and move all the time. i mean, is that how we want to bud our society to demand that people move five, six, seven, eight mes to uproot rather than dealing with a structural failure is we tend to simply say i'll just move. >> reporter: arnade argues each of his images reflect something more than just struggle-- a universal longing to be seen and be part of a community-- even amidst some of the most challenging of circumstances.y he ss this is present all over the country and can often be found inne of the one of america's most recognizable places: mcdonald's. >> it's e ad hoc community center for a lot of communities. and in some places it's almost the town center. you know, if the town is

particularly devastated and t a lot going on it's essential. and so it became this thing where i came into a town, i would go to loca the mcdonald's in the neighborhood people told me not to go. >> reporter: arnade woldd sit in mcdo, talking to locals about their town, their history and in some cases, taking their photographs. working class peopleretirees and people living on the margins. it was in the parking lot of a mcdonald's in portsmouth, ohio he took this photo: homeless father pushing his two children in a shopping cart. >> what stunned me is nobody cared. i don't mwaean like i't a lack of empathy. it was just, that's just what happened here. nobody thought anything about cleay the parents cared about it. their kids, they really cared about them. wai'm not gonna-- i don' to question that, but i ended up calling child protective services on them which was really hard. i spent a basically day and a half fighting over that one. it was the right thing to do ough. >> reporter: arnarde readily

admits to getting involved with his subjects, even paying some of them for their photos. this type of involvement challenges some long held practiisces, while arnad documenting what he's seeing, there are arguments he is changionng the story. of the things that you talk about early on is in some instances you actually helped people find drugs, you helped people find safe places to injectpl >> i let pshoot up in my car. >> reporter: journalistically this r raises a lot flags. >> yeah, which is why under that guise- j- i wasn'trnalist. i think, look, i'm gonna help somebody. i think it's the right thing to do. if somebody is goingmeo withdraw, dy i've known for two years, i'm going to help them either get them drugs to stop the withdrawal m d then take t detox. >> reporter: in 2015 the bronx documentary center hosted an exhibit called "altered images: 150 years of posed and manipulated documentary photography." it was devoted to "disputed images in photojournalism.

photos that have been faked, posed or manulated." some of arnade's pictures were included. the gallery wrote "mr. arnade routinely pays his subjects, violating one of the most closely held tenets of docume >> it's very frustrating to me. because there are no good rules. you just really have to do your best to try to understand the privilege you have relative to g with.son you're deal there are times where i wouldn't help people. you know, there was nothing good that was gonna come of out it, but bad. and so i didn't. and there were times when i had to ase my judgme guess. and i'm sure there were times where i got it wrong, you know? >> reporter: people would argue that erou ahe story. >> but you always alter the story. there's no way not to alter the story. i mean, people think by tellg you their story, they're going to get something out of it, attention. their problems going to solved and it's not. so, you're always altering the story. >> reporter: what does the word dignity mean to you now after you've finished this book and been working with this thesis as long as you have? >> just a desire to be treated like a normal human being.

this is "pbs newshou weekend," sunday. >> sreanenivthe three astronauts on apollo 11 made their moon-landing history with the help of thousan of people- - many working far from houstocon's missiorol. in garden city new york, retired employees of the grumman corporation now volunteer tir time to help visitors understand how they designed and built the lunar modules for all the apollo missions. >> the only spacecraft that took human beings to another world was builright here on long island by the grumman corporation in bethpage. so this was really one of the central focuses of the entire apollo program, what was going on here. using mid 1960's technology. they built a spacecraft and ack t that took humans to another world, and it provided a moment of unifying america and inspiration for the world and it shows what is possible. if we can go to the moon, you know, if we ally want to get

something done, we can do it. >> sreenivasan: the museum hase f the three lunar modules that was never flown on display. the ottwo are at the kennedy space center and the smithsonian national air and space museum. >> it'els just putilitarian. nothing aesthetic about it. they nicknamed it, at the time, the bug or the spider, because nobody had ever built anything that looks like this and this was but by the company that, at the time, was building supersonic jets for the navy. as a real departure for them and for anybody else, so really one of the most unique vehiclvees er built by man. >> sreenivasan: it's a proud history for the former engineers ad te tchnicians y look back at the moment the module landed on the moon in 69. >> we saw the astronauts wheon they came ou the surface of the moon and it was a tense situation in some respects. and you kept saying, "hope we did everything right." because their lives depended on what we did. and thk god we did it right.

>> sreenivasan: finally tonight, the national baseball hall of fame inducted six new members this anoft. the first five named at the ceremony were lee smith, mike mussina, edgar martinez, harold baines and the late roy halladay. fittingly the closer today was yankees relief pitcher mariano riverae , who holds cord for saves with 652. rivera is the first pler in history to be voted into the hall of fame unanimously. that'sio all for this editn of" pbs newshour weekend." i'm hari sksenivasan. th for watching. have a good night. captioning sponsored by wnet captioned by media access group at wgbh access.wgbh.org >> pbs newshour weekend is made possrible by: ard and irene schwartz.

sue and edgar wachenim iii. the cheryl and philip milstein family. the j.p.b. foundation. rosalind p. walter. barbara hope zuckerberg. corporate funding is provided by mutual of america-- designing customized individual and group retirement products. that's why we're your retirement company. ditional support has been provided by: and t corporation for public broadcasting, and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. be more. pbs.

masters: american history is often told looking from the east, from the atlantic to the pacific, a triumphant march westward from plymouth rock and independence hall, but by 1776, te roots of california history already ran deep. who was here before america's borders reached the pacifi who laid the foundation for the los angeles to come? let's explore our city's history from a new perspective, not as the end of america's journey st, but as the center of global exchange for hundreds of years. i'm nathan masters, and this is "lost l.a." many people see l.a. as a city of the future, a place without a past,eway metropolis that sprang up fully formed in the 20 century, but the froots of southern calinia history run deep. people have called this land home for thsands of years, and thei stories give us a richer understanding of where we are now and where we're headed in the decades to come, so let's