captioning sponsored by newshour productions, llc >> woodrf: good evening. i'm judy woodruff. on the "newshour" tonight, aen critical mfor the country as president trump lashes out. what's next as the impeachment quiry moves forward amid concerns from mr. trump's first homeland security adviser. then, hitting thmark: senator ry booker on his run for the white house and meeting a key and as rapid advances in technology propel china to the global forefront, critics decry the implementation of surveillance state within its border e ( translated ): we can feel this surveillance all the time. the chinese authities use a network of cameras throughout cities, facial recognition systems, as well as vaous

mobile phone apps to monitor individuals. surveillance is indeed omnipresent. >> woodruff: all that and moreu: on tonight's "pbs newshour." un >> majorng for the pbs newshour has been provided by: ♪ ♪ moving our economy for 160 years. bnsf, the engine that connects >> consumer cellul

>> the william and flora hewlett foundation. for more than 50 years, advancing ideas and sung institutions to promote a better world. at www.hewlett.org. >> and with the ongoing support of these institutions: and individus. >> this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting. and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like u. thank you. >> woodruff: from president trump today, new accusations-- and threats-- over impeachment. he all but accused a key

lawmaker of treason, hurling accusations against democrats and threatening to expose a whistleblower's identity. all of this, as new allegations erged and a new subpoena landed. congressional correspondent lisa desjardins begins our coverage. ( applause ) >> reporter: outside washingtont president trum commander in chief, today formally welcomed the new chairman of the joint chiefs of staff. back in the oval office, heed playhe role of his own defender-in-chief, about a july -in-e call with ukraine's esident. >> i made a call the call was ou tert. blene.wh t wlehe >> reporter: while on twitter he has been his own defender in chief, storming out more tha d90 tweets aboocrats' impeachment efforts since friday, many re-tweeting thoughts fm fox news. in one tweet sunday, the president, quoted a fox news contributor saying, "if thecosu democrats aressful in removing the president from office it will cause a civil wai fracture in this nation."

thersnew york times" a reported president pushed industrial's prime minister scott morrison in another call, y the president sought information from attorney william barr or origins on the mueller probe. this as the top senate republican, mitch mcconnell, ated how he sees the process should the house impeach mister trump. >> the senatimpeachment rules are very clear, the senate would p an impeachment the house. if it cche over froma >> reporter: mcconnell did not say if impeachment requires a full senate trial. this after a weekend of rhetorical exchanges of fire. >> salem witch trials had more due process than this. >> reporter: the president's allies, like south carolinato selindsey graham and his personal attorney rudy guiliani, repeatedly argued that democrats are rushing this process. white house senior advisor w stephen millt on a different attack, against the original whistleblower who >> the president ounited states is the whistleblower. this individual is a saboteur

trying to undermine a democratically elected government. >> reporter: that, though the identity and motivations the whistleblower are not known. multiple outlets report that the whistleblower is a c.i.a. official. herwise, that person's identity and mations are not known. the whistleblower set off an historic ukrainian lodymyr zelenskiy to ivvestigate his democratic joe biden, and biden's son hunter. the younger biden hunter hadth served been on the board on amp ukrainian gas y. a former ukrainian prosecutor told the "l.a. times" thatni giulepeatedly asked him to open an inquiry, but he refused and told giiuliani it was a "polital vendetta." also this weekend, fox news house democrats subpoenaed giuliani for documents related to his communications with ukrainian officialli

not all repns defende the president, his former homeland security security adisor criticized giuliani r pushing the biden story. >> that conspiracy theory has got to go, they have to stop with that, it cannot continue to be repeated. i am deeply frustrated with what and repeating thatked is doing theory to the president. it sticks in his mind when he hears it over and over again. >> reporter: all this as the yntelligence committee l chaian adam schiff ramps up its action with depositions and a closed hearing this week about the phone call and aid money kept from ukraine.>> e're going to find out why those funds were withheld, who was in the know about it, we're going to find out wher communications were also improperly hidden in this classified system that's meant to contain the most highly sensitive, classified information involving covert action, not the president's misconduct. >> reporter: on "60 minutes" sunday, house speaker nancy per na asked the white house to cooperate. >> let us work together to have this be a unifying experience, not a dividing one for our

country. don't make this any worse than >> reporter: schif hissays h committee has reached an agreement with the whistleblower and expects that person ll testify "soon" in a closed hearing. >> woodruff: ts evening both cnn are reporting that secretary of state mike pompeo was among those listening to president trump's phone call with the leader of ukraine.ts and just mom ago, the justice department released afi statement coing that president trump has contacted other countries to have tm connect attorney general william barr with approprianv officials toestigate the 2016 election. and lisa desjardins joins me along with yamiche alcindor to help keep up with this fast moving story. thank you, an it is fast moving, these developments just in the last few mnutes. lisa, i'm going to start with you, th. you have been talking to democrats. what should we expect them to do

inoming days as theove this inquiry forward? >> i don't know that we've had a pbusier day or i've eve on a more complicated story at thestr top of the newscast as now. this is what's crystallizing what's happening this week. we're going to have three major depositions or days for the house intelligence committee. we're going to have wednesday, former ambassador mario vanovich, the ambassador of ukraine asked to leave and still works at the state departmt. after that thursday, house intelligence committee will be hearing from ambassador volcker who used to be u.s. envoy to ukraine for president trumphe stepped down last friday, that is the dedlin secretary of state pompeo to hand over documents thhouse inlligence committee is seeking. also friday is when the house intelligence coittee will hear from the inspector general who basically led the whistleblower investigation over the department for the d.n.i. and intelligence agencies.

but judy, i think a bigger date might be october 15th, that isgi when rudiani has been given a deadline to turn over all of the documents he has conversations withainians and, judy, that subpoena categorizes 23 different types of documents, different dates, meetin that giuani had with many ukrainians, purportedly on behalf ofhe president, and evenhe mayor of kiev, a famous boxer, vatali, he is in that subpoena, so it is a narrow issue but a wide range in investigation. >> woodruff: so many strands they ae pursurg. yamiche, meantime, president trump today seems very focused on the whistleblower, the person whose document we saw last week. >> as this impeachment inquiry deepens, presidesi trump is fo his anger on thiscusi whistleblower and saying he's going to be looking to figure out who this person is. that one a violation of federal law, and the attorney for the whistllower feld compelled to twilight about that today and

said, if my whistleblower, my -- my whistleblower, my client needs to be protected and not inst.iated a we also talked to uh la years involved in impeachment hearings for president clinton and saidl let' at what the white house is dealing . with rudy giuliani is beinget subpoenaed, sey of date mike pompeo now revealed to be on the call with the ukrainien pres president trump pressuring the australian prime minister to essentially be part sos r wcrd editn to disellep white house does not have a strategy to handle this. they might have a messaging, they might want to put out tv s but they nee legal strategy to deal with this and make the case these are not impeachable offenses an right now the white house is not doing that. >> woodruff: yamiche, the white house, e president very focused on joe biden and his son hunter. how is the biden campaign?

respondi >> president trump and republicans are making the case joe biden and hunter biden were engaged in unethical behior as part of their ukrainian business dealings, rather hunter's ukrainian business dealers. the ukrainian prosecutor working as a part of this said rudy giuliani was trying to pressure him to look into the bidk ens bt he saw no wrongdoing observe any part of the bidens to do that. ukrainian officials are essentially saying joe biden ist clear here. joe biden is saying i'm in the clear, all these things they're saying about me arply not true. but i put the question to the biden campaign, how are you dealing with the idea some seeth as a conflict of business, hunter biden profiting off the ct his father was vice president of the united states and they say it' ridiculous to compare the binds to the trumps and saying thisis about the president not being rransparent and joe biden is trn the clear hee. that's florida their attack for

now. >> woodruff: lisa, we know you've stepped back to put this into his historical perspective. as this impeachment process moves, you look at presidentk clinton, what happened under hi presyou see parallels. >> democrats have a lot of choice to make in going forward. here's what we know aut how democrats are moving forward now. the house intelligence cmmittee eis gathering evidence as we see now. then afterthey're done,e hey feel ley have their case to make and will present it to the hous cjudiciamittee which will vote on articles of impeachment, then hose article would to the house of representatives. that's a big process, how long could it take and this is where the cn inse comes into play. the inquiry began october 5, 1997. in three months it moved through the house and a sene trial had began, so -9d '8 and '99. at that point, we see this could

happen pretty quickly, even beny thgiving. >> woodruff: didn't feel quick at the time, but -- (laughter) >> feels quick today. >> woodruff: for sure. so much going on. lisa desjardins, yamiche alcindor, ank you both. >> thanks, judy. >> woodruff: in the day's other news: the kremlin declared that u.s. officials need russian consent before releasing transcripts of presirump'sresi phone calls with russian esident vladimir putin. the white house has limited access to those records, as it initiay did with a call to ukraine's president. congressional democrats are now pressing for the putin the two front-runners in afghanistan's presidential election claimed victory today, even as vote-countininued. saturday's turnout was low, but many afghans defied taliban threats of violence to cast ballots. they receid the trademark nger ink for voters. by today, the country's chiefut

exe-- abdullah abdullah-- declared himself the winner. so did incumbent president ashraf ghani, as his running mate counseled patience. >> ( translated ): whatever the outcome will be, we should wait fotit and accept the judgem of the election commission. let's not confuse the nation of afghanistan by making casual judgements.ni >> woodruff: gnd abdullah have governed under a power- sharing deal negotiated by the united states after the disputed 2014 election.le erupted today, as thousands heeded calls from oppositionad s to press president jovenel moise to resign. it is the latest in a series of sometimes deadly demstrations that have paralyzed haiti in recent days. frustrations over a surging economic crisis and allegations of corruption linked to moise have fueled the political turmoil.s auorit hong kong are bracing for new protests -- as mainland china marks the 70th

anniversary of the cmunist state, on tuesday. it follows ather weekend of violent demonstrations in the bty, asrotesters battled police with firebs. someong kong lawmakers decried police tactics. >> the police brutality, in fact, is escalating andtr ely disturbing and brutalbi d at the same time, you can see that, under a lot of force is unnecessans, the use of disproportionate.di >> woodruff: meanwhile, "reuters" reports that china has effectively dbled its security forces in hong kong to as many as 12,000. beijing had billed the deployment as part of a routine rotation of troops. it's been nearly a year since the murder of saudarabian journalist jamal khashoggi-- anr thident of turkey says he still wants answers. khashoggi was killed at the

er.t oob in a "washington post" op-ed t todakey's recep tayyip erdogan blamed what he called "a shadow state" within the saudi regime. meanwhile,audi crown prince mohammed bin salman said he takes full responsibility-- but he denied he ordered the killing. back in this country: california lebecame the first state t colle athletes hire agents a make money from endorsements--nd starting in 2023. governor gavin newsom sied the measure into law today. but, the n.c.a.a., overseeing coege sports, has warned the lawould give californiala schools an unfair recruiting advantage. it says they may be barredrom competition. republican congressman chris collins of new york resigned today, ahead of pleading guiltye in an intrading case.r tr federal court records said collins will enter the tomorrow. he is accused of tipping confidential information about a

bio-pharmaceutical company to his son and then lying to the f.b.i. texas congressman mac thornberry is nowhe 19th house republican to announce he is leaving office. said today he will not seek reelection in 2020. thornberry was first elected ine 1994. he is the ranking member on the house armed services comttee. on wall street, stocks closed the dow jones industrial averag gainedints to close above 26,916. the nasdaq rose more than . poin and the s&p 500 added 15. diera great jessey normand today in nework after complications from a spinal injure. she made her international debut in 1969, and her vibrant so brano made her a worldwide star and a winner of four grammys. here she is in concert singing

the spiritual "great day." inging) ♪ ♪ ♪ ♪ep >> rter: jes jessey norman was 74 years old. still to come on the "newshour," presidential candidate booker on his self-imposed fundraising deadline; our politics monday team breaks down the latest on the impeachment inquiry; china's rid technology boom raises questions ndof a surveillance state;ur latest newshour book club author sally rooney answers your questions. >> woodruff: democratic presidential candidates spent this weekend crisscrosng early

prary states. and as yamiche alcindor reports, from nevada to south carolina to new hampshire, there was one major topic on their minds >> we ha a constitutionale obligation to move forward with thismpeachment investigation iole worryist tct ethis being overshadowed by impeachment proceedings. >> this presidency has got to come to an end for the good ofe public. i think we can all agree on that. ( cheers and applause ) reporter: it was the first weekend of campaigning since house speaker nancpelosi announced a formal an impeachment inquiry into president trump. all 19 democratic candidates support that inquiry. e last holdout, hawaiils congresswoman gabbard, changed her mind on friday. some said the details in the whistleblower complaint are the clearest impeachable offenses yet. massachusetts senator elizabeth warren. >> this president has shown time this latest business with ukraine where it appears that he is willing to llke taxpayer s and dangle them in front

of a foreign country ir to help himself and his own it's a violation of the law. >> reporter: president trump has tried to turn atntion to former vice president joe biden and his son hunter's business dealings with ukraine. errren said she would cons ban on presidential childreng servinon boards of foreign companies. she added that the focus should be on trumtions. ka harris, came to biden's defense. >> as far as i'm concerned leave joe biden, just leave him alone. i'm not going to be distracted by what this president is trying to play, which is a game becausk ws that he is actually probably looking at an inctment. >> reporter: if the house does impeach president trump, six democrat candidates will have a vote in the senate on whether to remove him from office. vermont senator bernie sanders urged majority leader mitch mcconnell not to hold up a vote. currently though, there are t

the 67 votes required to convict the president. i sk mitch mcconnell to do the right thing and make sure peenocisr. begins that trialimde >> reporter: mcconnell said today the senate would have "no choice" but to take impeachment. meanwhile, with just hours until the end of the quarterly fundraising deadli, campaigns sent a flood of emails to supporters soliciting those efforts come as the democratic national committee continues to raise the bar for debate stage. make it onto the for the pbs newshour, i'm yamiche alcindor. >> woodruff: one candidate who ised his own bar, saying publicly if he did not make fundraising goals he would dropd out,ersey senator corey booker. he met his goal and joins me now. senator booker, welcome to the "newshour". so you did rai 1se the million

you said you needed to stay in the race. how far will this take you? well, it's going to give us what we need to start growing in the fourth quarter. we're already leading in iowa and new hampshire and endorsements from local elected officials and have aive team but we have to keep building. we have to get through the next debate but we have to keep the pa going. i hope people will continue to go to cory booker.com. we have thousands of supporters in the last ten days and it needs to continue if we stay in >> woodruff: someos the democratic rules for can bon the stage in terms of how many people ytoavoueu hr e ampaavignu need in the polls, some say those rules areoo many for too far away for the eleion. whato you think? >> i don't argue with the refs,

ssue hereve a real that we've never ever had a president come from our party since i ha been alive that was leading in the polls this far out. people like jimmy carter and blintsen were t really registering that much at all. remember, this far out, we've seen everybody from leg trk er in he g anrepublican palirty. we're still four months owl. so i understand people that might have soh issues witthe polling thresholds that are being set, especially whe it doesn't necessarily reflect what's actually going on on the ground. >> woodruff: let me turn you to what's goingn in the congress right now and that is the impeachment inquiry into president trump. democratic candidates for president you included seem to be all in on this,ut what about the point of view out there that that's something thau the voters be deciding and not members of congrres. >> i sn oath to up hold the constition and congress

has accountability to thens tution. nt violates the constitution, there has to be consequence. this is about doing our job. it's not about polits. really, it's about patriotism. i think that the long arc of history is ing to look back onck this moment and say when you saw a president literally using his office to pursuhis own personal ends contrary to national security interests, that's aetty serious violation. we need to investigate this, anh that's impeachment proceedings mean that we're going to get to the truth and the public deserves t to know te truth, and thmore that's coming out. we've seen breaking news today, it's more and morconcerning.e >> woodruff: are you worried about all some are pointing out this could end up helping the president,alvanizing his base, motivating them donating to his campaign? in other words, see what happened to bill clinton when the republicans we after him

when he was president. >> you know, president bill clinton, the impeachment activities in the white house oval office as opposed to this president,hat we're talking about here, i have been to ukraine, i've seen the crisis there, i've met witt h thukeir fellow soldiers, this is a very serious betrayal that ibes gin politicse damned, i just wantu to get to the , i want to do my job, and i think the time is right to do what is right in this case, and it's right to investigate this president, not just to wipe your handand s, well, we'll see what happens iha the next election. th is toorious, too grave. >> woodruff: it's aic hypoth now but if president trump were impeached, if he coernsonvicted from senate and impeached from offd e would the democrats have a more difficult time running against vice president pence who would then be president? >> hi caption democrats as well as republicans to not let the

enter into your calculations. this is a process that needs to be done a sber way. it is a sad thing to have a president of the united states have ieachment proceedings begin. we need to deal with this in a sober, objective, nonpartisan way. i plead to folks to approach it that way. let the politics and the campaigning and -- look, i'm out there on the stump i've writeab day talkinut taking the fight to donald trump, but that does not mean the sacredon obligahat we have right now to follow this impeachment proceeding where the evidence nd tes a makdee cision based upon that. these are s teparatmatters, they should be handled that way. >> woodruff: one other parof this ukraine story, senwhator, h the white house focus opened is joe biden. d he danything wrong? >> no. biden is absolutely wrong.joe it's unfortunate, he is a statesma he is somebody that many people have investigated

this and come up witth nohing. this is an attempt upon the trump administration tato dtract from their massive exposure from the tremendous implications and distract by trying to besmirch the reputation of joe biden. >> woodruff: and finally,to seelizabeth warren, she is the democrat who is moving up significantly in t polls, drawing big crowds. what are you main disagreements with her? >> well, again, i just want to remind everybody about the polls, never have thes,y bee predictive of who would be the next president of the united states. i am running my campaign every sing daily about the highest ideals of our country, but this time especlly we need a ce, we needcivic g to have a nation that can pull together and heal, not just our party. e,warn democrats all the tim this election can't be about what we're against, it has to bf what we'r. what we're for is not theor shot end of beating republicans, this

moment calls us to it americans. this is the theme i'm bringing. if we're going to bring mre justice to the country and deal wish shoes, weeed tobuild american majorities that can take open tough problems froman climate all the way to turgent issues with gun violence. >> woodruffa so this is , but in just the few seconds that we have, what would you say the separates you from elizabeth warren? >> again, i'm not in this to talk about her campaign, and i think people who read ourin policies canthat. ng to theng about the spirit i'm presidency, one that can ngo iyibrt our party, all factions of it, and also can unite ts country. that's why i got into this race and that's the theme of y campaign, and folks can look to hearse and compare us on her h own, but i will be working every day to let people know my vision of this country, not just my het my heart and the kind of president i will be as leader of the united tates. >> wooruff: senator cory

booker, running for the deufcratic >> woo and now we turn to vermu. >> woodruff: and now wy politics month amy walter of the cook political report and host of public radio's "politics wi amy walter." and tamara keith from npr. shenp also co-hosts the "npr politics podcast." hello to both of you. .there's so much going on i do not know know where to begin, but why don't we start,r, tam, with senator booker and what he had to say about impeachment, his own campaign. what did you hear? >> well, ioteard him taking an opportunity to try to go an opportunity to o got taking after elizabeth warren. he is really taking the position in this race as he is trying to stay in it and work his way up, he is taking a position of not attacking other democrats. have taken a different tack, dt when it comesout ukraine conversation and joe biden, the

mocratic candidates have really hung back. in some ways, it's put the primary in stasis. you know, they are being careful to not go after joe biden, inse part beche is in the middle of this storm that esident trump created. >> woodruff: what are you hearing, amy? >> yea and thinkit's for a candidate like cory booker who is struggling to catch uinto the top tier of candidates, all the focus on impkechment s all the oxygen and attention away. it was hard enough to break through even before this story, now it's nancy pelosi, donald trump, donald trump's stration that are going be the senator of the universe, oingev tenn elizabeth warren, sf you are elizabeth warren and getting a gat deal of attention upw, you also twill have trouble brenothaking ugh all of this. i did think i it was interesting to your point to g t him tory to contrast himself. there'one candidate in the lower tier who is actively trying to contrast himself and

that's mayor pete buttigieg, who is basically saying i amhe bridge between the old, which is joe biden, and the old way of doing things and what he would w say would be the too farft candidates like warren and sanders, i can b that middle candidate, that person who's young enough, different enoughr but notoo o the left. >> woodruff: categorizing her on the left. >> right. >> woodruff: let's turn to themd that impeachment.the deraare gw the subpoenas of rudy giuliani, iens stbreaking from one news organization to the other. does it seem like a rush on the part of the democrats, or does it seem like they have their cks in a row and they're proceeding carefully? >> what is completely remarkable is i reflect back on one wk ago toy we were sitting on this set talking about, you know, there's one democrat who has crossed oves after thinews came out.

within five or six hours, the whole universe had changed. this is happening incredibly quickly. it's a challenge for president trump who -- i mean the president and the white house have really been caught flat-footed by this in part because theyartought that the mueller thing was over and they were done and they were focusedr lection and all of a sund this blooms up. nancy pelosi, the speaker, had been holding back demra trying not to do this, and theds trying to protect jumped out in front of hend said stop protecting us, we're ready, we feel like this needs to be instigated, and now they're on thnthe d as ngoiowt'ng. it is going. >> woodruff: amy -- i mean, is there any break on this ow? is it full-throated aheat? >> to me tt's t real interesting question. down these tracks, there is no going bac there will be an impeachment vote, no matter what, and ien

ill be determined by the senate, whether the president is co ticted and ultimately ho leave office. and i think the fact we're on a o-week recess is really important. these members now get a chance to check in back home at the reception that they're getting. we're seeing a lot of polls there was absolute in few days. newspaper marist pbs poll, they're showing, basically, folks, while engaged in ths, they don't quite know what to make of oit either. i think have the most polarized electorate that i certainly remeer of my lifetime, we have a very polarizing president, so, not trprisingly, i think we'll see people goio theo corners, boutet evenly divided this the challenge to the point you all are making about nancy pelosi and the calendar, i think that the more this drags out, the more it looks partisan, the more that it looks like they're just fishing, for exathmple this australian story sort of muddies

the water a bit in my mind because it's no longer about ukraine and this call, it drags out and out, and it's geoutting harder to keep people focused on what it s exactly that mocrats said was the impeachable offense. >> and the's so much fatigue, there was so much fatigue about the mueller investigatn and now the voters are going to get tired of this quickly, not least heate reh's this continues on going to be an air war. there are going to be ads in congressional districts of vulnerable democrats, ads ons cable, t going to be fought out both in paid med d freed media and it's going to be a lot. >> woodruff: so you're sayin even if the democrats move quickly with whatever ammunition, information they have, you're saying there's a real risk if they can't get voters engaged and on board.

>> certainly, an because this moved, you know, in the course of a week so dramatically, i think it's hard for these polls fully pick up it's hard for people to register this just yet becusause itt happened so quickly, if you miss a couple of days, you've missed numerous developments. >> woodruff: and among republicans, it looks like the number barely moved, it moved >> but within democrats, they're nor unified and then, surprise, surprise, independents ll be divided by it. >> woodruff: quickly, issues that get forgotnan all of this, whether guns or anything else the democrats have been talatkig about -- >> it's not exactly like congress and the white house have been on a break-neck base legislation, so i don't know voters were going to say, boy, they were just on the cusp ofet doing song. they haven't been on the cusp of doing anything siffor the last two and a half years, but if this drags out, it certainly lendto the argument that th is just partisan politics,

washington becomes more dysfunional and it's h der for democrats to make a strong case. >> woodruff: the warnings have very begun. amy walter, tamera keith, "politics monday," thank you >> you're bolcome. >> woodruff: chinese technology has helped the country achieve extraordinary growth. but critics sait is facilitating a surveillance state. tonight we begin two stories part of our series, china: power and prosperity. with the support of the pulitzer cent, nick schifrin begins i a mote area that is becoming more connected. >> reporter: in china's lipu mountains, past rolling hillside farms, the remote city of guilin is nestled into a valley and 'silt along a riverbank th been inhabited for 10,000 years. today,his old town is getting older.

the population is older, and often needs medical care. but the closest hospital is far. so on this day, theyine up for a mobile clinic-- on a bus. visiting specialists have a small room in the back- rays, and a nearby room for eye specialists to check for in this clinic, everything is electronic. and all the patient records dad feed into a single phone application.is cled "good doctor." l local doct jiangshan says the technology chang everything. >> ( translat): before we had this platform, patients had to go so far away. it was a big burden. now, with this platform, it saves both money and time.te >> rep for decades, a country that suffered from widespread, rul poverty, relied on so-called barefoot doctors to provide remote areas medical care. technology--from micine, to telecommunications, to artificial intelligence-s

helping transform the country. hina isanslated ): quite unique because it's been a rapidly developing country. so we have very, very uneven distribution. technology helps to bridge those gaps and deliver service, particularly in an environment like this. >> reporter: jessica tan is the co-c.e.o. of ping an, whose building towers over shenzhen, china's silicon valley. ( gong ) ping an boomed financially into the world's second largest insunce company. but now it's celebrating by turning old insurance, into new tech. last monthping an unveiled new facial recognition software--- for drivers. those markings judge whether she's a good driver anfeeds all her data into pingan's database. a separate application uses facial recognition to determine whether ping an loan applicants are lying about their identity. the system identifies abnormal emotions of applicants by examining more than 90 distinct expressions. >> sometimes when you are nervous there are these micro- expressions that people would

do. verifying the person who they are supposed to be is quite accurate. i think it's now already better than the human eye. >> reporter: and those human eyes china's 1.4 billion citizens-- are now entering more and more da on their phones. and in china, it's big data. ping an's healthre app has 250 million users. ping an's car accident a that can automatically assess and cost damage, has 200 millionco users. and china has developed so recently, the majority all ofus thosers have never owned cars, or borrowed money, or earned a credit score. so to choose loan applicants, ping an's deloped a socialn' credit score, based on all the phones.ers enter into their >> having the expertise to change that series of raw information to actually a credit report, a score the people trust, right?tr so we're able to do that based on your mobile phone binls. your shorecords.

do you surge on your spending? if you have a good credit record you get the loans faster at ape chrate. so i think the idea is that, there's incentive for peopleho have nothing to hide to want to share the information. >> reporter: but in communist china, who decides who has nothing to hide? like ping an, the government isi now conv data on its citizens into a social credit scores. it's calle"sharp eyes," a those eyes are electronic thanks to the world's most advanced surveillance. the five most surveilled cities in the world are chinese.he china now has more than 200 million cameras-- including atan the entrance onternational conference. and cameras use software that recognize not only faces, but also howeople walk, uters and can then track their locaon as they move. at allows cameras to judge behavior. in shenzhen, cameras watch this intersection. people jaywalk, they're publicly shamed when their faces are displaon this scdoen. ou think that because that

camera is there, more people cross legally? >> ( translated ): of course.fr beey ared to bsoinope,thsenge od will changeivior. >> ( translated ): if you jaywalk, it reduces your score. for example, if you cross the red light, your score would be reduced by 2-3. >> reporter: behavior anacge isat the governmentch want is.s and the credit score system is so important, there's even a communist party-produced national credit magazine. wu xiaoyan is the editor in chief. >> ( translated ): the chinesetm systemn purpose is to build a credible society of trust. this system has become an effective measure in our social governance. person gets on bus, screen flashes "check credit score" for example, on the bus, people with regulres willay regular price, and people with good scores only pay 80% of that. >> reporter: rewarding good behavior all across society, and punishing bad behavior, is whshrined in her magazine.

len iin see an honor list in rbl, and then ik, a black list. >> ( translated ): those on the red list are people who have trustworthy behavior. those on the black list are people whose behaviors are notho trustworthy. do reporter: and does it work? ngar rpl pdio eo act badly make more people act well? >> ( translated ): of course it works. >> reporter: and something about that question made her uncomfortable. she and her staff walked out of the interview and the newsroom. but the microphones were still conversation about my questionsi >> ( translated ): don't talk about the government. talk about companies, businees. we need to be calm. we cannot refuse to be interviewed. not too rigid or serious.>> rtee iee did come back to finish the inte everything okay? ide sary eveg inthwas ok

everything is not okay, because they say china's big data is becoming big brother. china companies that use the social credit system and the government, say the social credit system improves people's behavior. but critics say that the government can use the socialto credit systearget and penalize anyone who criticizes ine communist party. hinain ionex hpokortg ing a systemf survllance so when they demonstrate, they climb up ladders and try and cover up theameras. and protestors also cover up their faces. this 21-year-old and her friends declined to give their names, for fear china would punish them. >> although i'm wearing a mask,

>> reporter: and protesters fear surveillance goes om cameras, to inside their phones. they organize these rallies offline, because they believe police hacked into their messaging apps. >> ( translated ): we are super >> reporter: protestors' fears are accurate, says zhang lifan,t a longanding critic of the government he was willing to sit for an interview, but refused to be seen with us in public. h met us in our hotel room. are you, as a constant critic of the government, underof surveillance? >> ( translated ): of course. we can feel this surveillance all the time. the chinese authorities use a network of cameras throughout ties, facial recognition systems, as well as various mobile phonepps to monitor dividuals. surveillance is indeed omnipresent. surveillance happens tomatically, and instantaneously. every day, chinese citizens sent

more than 45 billion messages on wechat, the country's most popular messaging service. if you type in somethinge, sensitike a reference to the tiananmen square massacre mandarin, the recipient never receives it. >> ( translated ): sometimes, my wife and i suddenly can't contact each other.ti i d that whenever foreign media reporters were trying to set up interviews with me, the police would always show up t thpolice. tan nhai'veedot who foll me use the same mobile phones from huawei. >> reporter: huawei is a 100 billion dollar phone and technology giant, huawei stores, that's the world's largest provider of telecom equipment. u.s.fficials describe it asic the symbol of hi-tech chinese government suppression, and beholden to the communist party, alongside fellow telecommunications giant z.t.e. the chinese governaninese law, rightfully demand access to data flowing through huawei and z.t.e. systems. why would anyone grant such power to a rime that has already grossly violated cyberspace?

>> reporter: the trump administration hd mostly blocs. companies frombl selling technology to huawei. but the company is exp its 5g, or fifth generation phone booming. >> all our major customers chose .awll stay with hu 50ign tr major customers for 5g already.h 150 sontsof y e chwilla. deliver i think that is the fact. >> reporter: and that expansion of chinese technology around the world, has enormous implicatio for china, and the u.s. that m sriry, tomorrow night. >> woodruff: now, jeffrey brown is here with some your questions

about our latest book ick. and at the end of the conversation, what to read next month. stick around for our lthest selectio "the new yorkr ongoing seriart and o culture.undserfectly ordinary-- "conversations with t thnoby tt abo iefr"nds. o dublin college sdents and their relationship with an older couple was an anything butry ordiebut for young irish writer named sally rooney. "conversations with friends" was our book club pick for september. sally roney joins me now. welcome to you.th ks for being part of this. >> thank you for having me. >> reporter: so in oneay this anplace.om tell us what you were after. >> yol aeay.e utsebse elas a co age story. so you know as you've said it thesrrs atlloro francis.tionip with her ex- girlfriend, her best friend and it's also about theiran encounter with a married couple

who to these young womho are 21 in the course of the book.an this couple seem much older sophisticated in fact they're quite young. they're only in their 30's. dublin it's a book set sort of in the present day or the present day. when i was writing this and itur follows the joy of those four characters and the sort of into relationships that develop between them. ry reporter: it's a love s but it's also a kind of running commentary on social life that the ch atearnch repors e econoog crash write ups 2008. what ideas did you want to get across there. >> so it wasn't necessarily that i was am undertaking a project of social commentary as such but i suppose what i was trying to do was observe the texture of the world that i myself was inhabiting. so even though all the characters are completely very much figments of ploits are imagination the world that they live in was and is very similar to the world that i was living in. and as i wrote the book and so kindhat sense maybe it does and

ac cntommentroary n pthe ci ste of dublin at ttime from one very limited i should say perspective. >> reporter: and a number of our readers wantedo know about the rticular characters where, where did they come from where they of course they want to know pre te?haeot ques myself i woud be able to rise a novel sort of every month because i, i, i can i neow where are the ideas for my characters are going to come from. seey do arrivehame t wt anenjo aeliships between themkia i feel i'm to follow of where those relationships thd eagoing and to try and explore rethem on the page. chthbutee aren't based certainly not consciously on any one that i f just t ohe whole thing and they come to me as >> reporter: one reader mary o'brien she noted as did others the constant push and pu between the emotional life and the analytical which we see constantly throughout the book. and no one can seem toscape

the emotional life in the end so she noted the character saying you can't always take the analytical position. where does this push and pull come from? >> i think certainly that therr or that i conceived for myself here francis is somebody who's a little bit more comfortable on the analytical level than shes. i'm both experiencing herls emotions andinhabiting a sort of physical body. those things don'tome so easily to hewhereas the kind of intelleual life she finds a little bit more comfortable. so i think for me it was interesting to take her out ofi your zfo canmoonrertrcd e re foe difficult to deal with.more >> reporter: much of the conversation between friends is by text by email. the novel is that because that was just natural to yoea >> i mean partly because it was natural and partly i think because it was interesting.a i like aiter i'm very drawn to text and words and so on uses of language always enterest meli ant tfethha

ys ofe t gives us new wa using language and has really ddberi nem wsh lipedewenarage to almo written word for a writer isittd >> reporter: yes. >> so i was yeah really inisrested in pursuing how i that people build relationships using language alone. >> reporter: well, but it's also ntdiersces b and talk about what our lives on screens are doing to us into relationships communications with our friends and loved ones. >> sure.yo >> reporter: dsee it changing? do you see-- as a yeae i mean i think we've our lives have become more textual and we spend more and more time looat e anok up on screens are wkingorfs one kind ohe r. so of course that shift into text reality is very compelling for as a writer because my my whole life my whole working life is about text. but i suppose i feel that as a novelist my job is to observe ratherhan to judge. get into a granular level of detail about what it feels like

to live out these kind of lives without sort of judging whether or not that's a good or badth g. >> reporter: all right, we'll continue our conversation online wheryou can find it later on for now let me say thank you sally rooney. >> thank you so much for having me. >> reporter: before we go i want introduce ourr.ick for octo it's a shift to a subject very much part of our political campaigns thesdays as candidates legislators judges nstid esze the political power of corporations eecially afternite. reallok is "we theays hope d along and join us and other readers on our web site and our facerok page for now read this. our book club partnership with "the new york times." oodrf:allyn rpt from our facebook watch show, "that moment when."s

netflix st released actor ben platt's new series "the politician" and in this episode he discusses how he chooses the roles he plays.ries. >> what's the first thing you look for when you read a script? rsth theat, i think the thing i look at is sort of the pieca e of thetrater and you're getting to live, it kind of from beginning to end, so mu of what's sort of bite- into-able out it is the change or sort of the journey that you get to go through every night cause it's goingo be somethingcs you're doing eight times a week theoretically. and with film, it's also very much character driven when i read it. morebohe gndiece lite bit just because film is so much less, at the end of the day, oue um as actors because it gets sort of curated and edited by and then after you've decided to take it, how important is tone, to likmatch the tone of the >> totally. like tone is nearly everything,

particularly with film. like for example, the show i'm doing on cinetflix called "the poli," i think kind of the, the greatest strength of it is that it has a very sort of e and singular tand feeling, which creates kind of a different world than anything else that i've seen. and i think that sort of is the ultimate entry when reading something where u feel like it's a voice and a feeling that is sort of like a vernacular you've never heard before. that is why i'm proud to introduce my running mat today infinity jackson! e >> some of the roles youd, ha have both co >>nfnd kceidroof t c a't nerecer have o w making it through terror and sort of finding ways to push the art through regardless of fear. and, and anxiety, which is soviously one of my bigges of isss is what cultivates confidence ultelimy. blindly confent from birth and you never get to sort of see where that came from or what challenges brohthe character

a tlao ace, then you don'tcessh and on t same to oke i don't think you necessarily want to see a character that's purely weak and terrified and never can overcome that toccomplish ything. >> woodruff: ben plat.. e you can find asodes of this series on facebook watch, "at that moment when show." rand that's the newshour tonight. i'm judy woodruff. join us on-line and again here tomorrow evening. for all of us at the pbs wshourthank you and seu >> major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided b >> bnsf raily. >> consumer cellular. >> and by the alfred p. sloan foundation. gy,rting science, techno performance anlncfiry.iad ed >> suppoy the john d. and catherine t. macarthur

foundation. committed to building a more world.rdant and peaceful more informationt macfound.org >> and with the ongoing support of these instutions >> this program was made possible by the corporation for public badcasting. and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. captioning sponsored by newshour productions, llc pt ned by media access group at wgbh access.wgbh.org >> you're watching pbs.

to "amanpour & co." here's what's coming up. >> i fear there's going to be a massacre. >> pakistaniak prime minisr imran khan warnsf o a bloodshed in kashmir, a can kid interview after tensions rise with india's crackdown. >> and then -- >> so in "the water dance" it' c a book about freedom, a young man who is speaking freedom but no quite ustomerndpldhoran ta-ni devastesatingakat w torld of hi novel "the water dancer." plus the mayor of san francisco london breed tells her incredible story, how r