captioning spons by newshour productions, llc >> woodruff: good evening, i'm judy woodruff.ou on the newtonight... >> we're not fooling around here. >> woodruff: ...democrat threaten the white house with subpoenas if they don't turn over documents related to the ukrainian affair. then, guns in focus: the democratic candidates foe president ar las vegas, making the case that they have e plan to address gun violence. and, revving ufor the future-- despite leading the world in greenhouse gas emissions, china's marketor electric cars is transforming the global automotive industry. >> ( translated ): the government's goal of cutting emissions is aligned with its promotion of the electric vehiclindustry. in total there are about 400 million vehies in china and everyday they produce a huge amount of emissions. if a nber of those become electric then it will have a

great impact. >> woodruff: all that and more on tonight's pbs newshour. >> major funding for the pbs wsho haseen ovid by: >> supporting social entrepreneurs and th solutions to the world's most ouessing problems-- skollfation.org.n. >> the lemelson foundation. committed to improviin lives througntion, in the u.s. and developing countries. on the web at lemelson.org. >> supported by the john d. and catherine t. macarthur foundation. committed to building just, verdant and peaceful world. more information at macfound.org

>> and with the ongoing support of these institions: this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting.pu and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like yo thank you. >> woodruff: top house democrats are essing their impeachment probe tonight, and warningt agaistruction. president trump is blasting the vestigators, and key witnesses, as traitorseynd spies. bite house correspondent yamiche alcindorins our coverage of this day's events. >> alcindor: today, a warning from house speaker nancy pelosi and a top lieutenant, leading the impeachment inquiry.impe

>> the president probably sesn't realize how danger his statements are when he says he wants to expose who the whistleblowe wh and those who may have given the whistleblower that informio >> alcindor: house intelligence committee chair adam schiff served notice that said this time, stonewalling will be treateimas grounds for achment in itself. >> we're not fooling around here though. we don't want this to drag on for months and monthmonths hs ah appears to be the administration's strategy. at they will be strengthening the case on obstruction if they behave that way.do >> alc schiff also took on secretary of state mike pompeo, who is challenging demands for documents and teimony. >> we are deeply concerned about secretary pompeo's effornow to potentially interfere with witnesses who whose testimony needed before our committee, many of whom are mentioned i the istleblower complat. >> alcindor: in italy, pompeo acknowledged for the first time, that hwas on that contested july phone call. it was on that call that president trump requested ukraine's leader to investigatet former vice president biden and his son.

>> as for was i on the phone call, i was on the phone call. >> alcindor: but pompeagain ripped into democrats who want five current and former state department officials to testify. >> we will of course do tir constial duty to cooperate with this co-equal branch but we are going to do so in a way that is consistent with the fundamental values of the amer tolerate folks on capitol hill bullying, intimidating state department employees, that'sme unacceptable. t >> alcindo state department's inspector general steve linick met today behindos cl doors with key house ander senate sta at his request. he reportedly provided documents ngidlated to the state department's deawith ukraine. meanwhile, the house oversight mmittee announced it wil subpoena the white house on friday for records of the president's dealings with ukraine. chairmanlijah cummings cited a "flagrant disregard" of previous requests. democrats also warned president trump against abusing pos.ntial witnes again, adam schiff. ma>> the president wants t this all about the whistleblower

and suggest people that comed forward with evidence of his wrongdoing are somehow treasonous and should be treated as traitors and spies. this is a blatant effort to intimidate witnesses. it's an incitement of violence. >> during an oval thfice meeting he president of finland, president trump went after thee democrat agaouin. >> he be forced to resign, adam schiff, he's a low life, he should be forced to resign. >> president trump agreed whistleblowers shoted be protbut not the one who tionrted his conversation with e president of >> he wrote a vicious conversation. in other words he either got it totally wrong, made it up or the person giving the information to the whistleblower was dishonest and this country has to find out who that person was, because that person is a spy. >> alcindor: at a joint pres conference later in the day, amid reports from the new york times that schiff got an early

account of the complaint, mr. trump claimed schiff may have written parts of it. >> i think it's a scandal that he knew before. i'd go a step further: i think t.he probably helped write the intelligence committee did not receive tmie whistleblower complaint in advance. meanwhile, president trump refused to answer qut stions abouwhat exactly he wanted ukraine to do regarding the biden family. house democrats will house democrats will hold a closed-door deposition tomorrow rmth the administration's envoy to the ukrne, kurt volker. igned from the state department last week. and former u.s. ambassador to ukraine marie yovanovitch will be deposed next week. she was abruptly recalled in may. >> woodruff: and yamiche joins y me along with our congressional correspondent lisa desrdins. another fast, oving day. li back to what the house is doing there, they are now sayingsayie are prepared t subpoe white house for documents.

what you have learned about wha they're seekie timetable for this, and so forth. >> this is a large category of cuments, 13 different cactus mentof documents that thous hasn requesting for many months, and what they're now in this memo to the white house is now tip, now we think we need a response and we're ready to subpoena. see some of the memo. look at the strong language fron chairman cumgs. the white house's flagrant disregard formul e tipluments cd with stark warnings from the inspector eral about th gravity of these allegations have left us with no choic other than issue the subpoena. they have not issued the subpoena yet, that is planned for frik y. i thl this speaks to again is that a court battle is looming heg . one other thing, in that document, they're saying we're and they say the white house -- it's not just that they refuse these documents, they say the acknowledged the requests at all. >> woodruff: and it's teresting that they're

telegraphing they're going to do this before they do it. >> it is, that's right. >> woodruff: yamiche, you have been tking to folks at the white house. how are they responding to this? this is a direct reqasuest. lisa seis, the language is very aggressive. what are they say >> the president is responding pl the subpoena by house democrats or thnned subpoena by house democrats with ager but not quite defiance. today at the press conference as the white house the question was fat president trump do you plan to comply with this subpoena that's supposed to be filed on friday. the president said i'm willing work with the house intelligence committee and nancy pelosi, so he didn't say i'm not going to provide these documents, but he wasn't also clear about what he mighte. prov he also said nancy pelosi is caught handing out subpoenas the point nancy peiilly making harassing him and too many subpoenas are going around. but there is a history of the white house not wanting tdo providments to coming. the white house says it has to do with executive privilege.

the congress says the white house is stalling on documents. rudy giuliani is going on an offensive when it comes to legal tactics saying he might sue house democrats, some of the same people now seeking atcuments from the white house. ey're two septhings the president's personal lawyer and the white house, but you're seeing a legal battle shaping up and president trump isn't quite sure what he's going to provide. >> woodruff: and, yamiche, as we saw, the president addressedd all this in two separate finland, first in ovalident of office, and then they had a joint news conference scheduled. that news conference turned out to be very little about his meeting with t president of finland and so much about this impeachment inquiry. >> well, this was a tense press difference even for a esident that has had verydtense exchanges with the media andn other foreaingut. at the

whistleblowel he said, i ve in protecting whistleblowers, but this person essentially doesn't -- should haven' that protection because they're saying something about me that i believe to be a lie. it was very interesting to watch him also take questions from other reporterfrom a different country. so a finnish reporter stood up and put a request to the president of finland what favors has president trump basically requested ofyou tod? and the room gasped. it was in some ways a really poignant moment and ially ehows president trump isiny wih whole world because, in this case, he's trying to do foreign policy, but he's ardy being accused of having corrupt behavior with this present. the president of fin land said i haven't been asked to do anytng by this president, but it's quite a reminder when we see the president lashing out and being ang, it's not just about the domestic policy, it's also about the fact he's acsed

of using his relationship with foreign leaders coming to the white house fong thithat are nefarious and his own political gain. >> woodrf: it was a striking exchange. lisa, another thing that har ened today that's unusual in that the state department's inspector general, an independent official inside the federal deptment, asked for a briefing with congress blind the doors. it wasn't in p wasivate -- it ws in private but i know you and other journalists are trying to find out about what happened. we know a lot about what happened. it was weird. the inspector general gave a t short noti congress, congress was out of town, so staffers and congress who attended the riefing. thespector general brought documents having to do with thi whkraine discussion. what were tho tse documents? those documents were in the words of representative mie raskin a democrat from maryland, a series disinformation

papers about conspiracy theories in ukraine, some having to do with former vice president biden and his son, some having to dofo with themer ukrainian ambassador maria vonovich. raskin said himself he did not wrongdoing wasof in all of this, more that the i.g. was covering his ba saying to congress here's a pact ofria sent to secretary of state mike peo.no we'rsure if he spread it around or not, but somebody is putting out these ar theories te ambassador. here's a picture of the documents. it's in cay lig iti. it looks like it could be from 1780. it really is stran t. i wantmention it because we have been reporting on it and it shows some of these thing are very substantive, some oe vf these things, it's not clear what they mean. >> woodruff: and it's not clear where these came from to

secretary pompeo. >> it's a mange question mark. did it come from the white house? there were folders involved that ca from the trump hotel. i don't know. represent raskin says he thinks it's a distraction and is not paying attention to it. it was odd.dr >> woof: covering all of t theevelopments today capitol. lislisa desjardins, thank you, yamiche alcindor, thank u. >> woodruff: in the day's other news, a sell-off hit wall street for the second straight day, amid worries over trade and the economy. the trump administration announced tariffs, targeting $7.5 billion in goods from europe. and a private survey found u.s hiring slowed in september the dow jones industrial average lost nearly 50poin to close at 26,078. the aq fell 123 points, and

the s&p 500 gave up 52. rmer dallas police officer amber guyger was sentenced to 10 years behind bars, for the murder of a black neighbor, aiga ye. guyger said she entered the wrong apartment and shot a man she thought was an intruder. she could have gotten life in ison, and a crowd outside the court booed when the sentence was announced. democratic presidential candidate bernie sanders has called off campaigning, for now afteart procedure. the vermont senator is 78. he had chest pains in las vegas on tuesday, and doctors inrted two stents inta blocked artery. this afternoon, sanders tweeted ndthat he is feeling good,e touted his push for "medicare for all." russia's president vladimir putin today dismissed fears of his country me elections, even making a joke of it. the kremlin has deni u.s. findings that it interfered in

the 2016 presidential elecon. at a forum in moscow, putin made light of the issue, and pretended to confide that russia has similar plans for 2020. >> ( translated ): i'm telling you as a secret: yes we will definitely do it in order to deliver you the best of fun, just don tell anyone. you know we have plenty of our we are dealing with domestic problems and this is our key priority. what is the poinfoo meddle in some election in some other country? good relationship with president trump. he also said he es not mind if his calls with mr. trump are made public. in iraq, secity forces killed at ast seven people and wounded dozens in new clashes with anti-government protesters. that made nine killed in two days, wi hundreds more wounded.s thousandok to the streets of bae ghdad. security forces used water cannon and tear gas to try to disperse the crowds, then began

firing live rounds. the protesters are demanding jobs, better services and an end to corruption. supporters in hongts and condemned police today, for shooting a teenage protester. they held rallies and marches against police brutality and demanded aountaby. the 18-year-old protester was shot tuesday as he struck an officer with a metal rod officials said today the wounded teen is in stable condition. north korea may have fired an advanced nuclear-capable missile, from under water, for the first time since starting nuclear talks with the u.s. it happened early today, and south korea says the missile north's coast, possibly from a submarine. it landed in japanese waters,yo and in tjapan's defense minister condemned north korea's actions. >> ( translated ): this missilet launch, which appears to have fallen into japan's exclusiv

economic zone, is a serious threat to japan's security, and without any prior notice, landing in such a zone was at dangerous r aircraft and ships that is extremely probmatic and violates the u.n. security council solution. >> woodruff: the missile launch came one day after t i north sawill resume talks with the u.s. in washington, the stateai departmentpyongyang should "refrain from provoc." the british government today proposed a last-alnute brexit o the european union as a halloween deadline approaches. the new proposals focuses on a key sticking point-- keeping an open border between e.u. member ireland, and british-ruled northern irela. prime minister boris johnson sounded a conciliatory note as he addressed a conference of his ruling crvatives. >> yes this is a compromise by the u.k. and i hope very much that our friends understand that and compromise in their turn. the alternative is no dealnd that is not an outcome we want.

it is not an outcome we seek at alan but let me tell you, my friends, it is an outcome forhich we are ready. woodruff: e.u. officials said they welcome the new proposal. johnson said he hopes to make get a final agreement deal at an e.u. summit in midt ctober. this day marked one year since "washington post" columnist jamal khashoggi was murdered at the saudi arabian consulate in istanbul, turkey. tivists and friends gathered near the site today to demand justice. they included the post's owner jeff bezos and khashoggi's turkish fiancee. saudi crown prince mohammed bin an said this week he takessp sibility for the killing, but did not order it. back in this country, president trump denied thaofhe ever talked hings like digging a moat to opop border crossings. "the new york times" rd that last march, he suggested an oaectrified border wall, a with alligators, and even

shooti migrants in the legs. today, he said "i may be tough on border security, but not that toseh."st and oper placido domingo resigned today as general director of the los angelescu opera, amid tions of sexual harassment. he had already left the me.opolitan opera in new yo domingo said today he will focus on trying to clear his name. still to come on the newshour: former republican senator jeff flake on how the party can save its soul. deitatic candidates say they can reduce gun violence. how china is electrifyg the auto industry. erand wheelchair tennis pl blaze a trail for disabled athletes. >> woodruff: so far

congressional republicans have been united in their stance against the impeachment inquiry, we turn to former senaakr jeff of arizona. he's in boston.s and chskirk, editor of thed conservative journal and web- site "american great he joins us from phoenix. hello to both of you. we thank you for joining us on the "newshour". senator flake, let me start with you. do you believe the -- what we know about the president's conversation in that phone call with thpresident of ukraine warran this impeachment inquiry? >> i do.. i i think that conversation, just from the transcript, no descriptions of the transcript, but the transcript itself is damning enough to laun chan inquiry, so, yes. >> woouff: chris buskirk, what do you believe based on what we know about that conversation? >> no, you know, i've read that transcript. it's got to be at least five times. what's more is ti not con

that even nancy pelosi thinks that it warrants it. i mean, my understanding of this is that this is really a part of 2020 election campaign, that it's not a serious attempt tosi remove the pnt from office because nobody really believes that the senatewill vict. >> woodruff: but i mean on thect chri chris buskirk, quickly, the facts of what was said in that conversation,um president asking the president of ukraine to help o joean investigation int biden, a foreign leader. >> yeah, no, i me -- no, that's right, because what joe biden did while vice president is highly questionable, and he's bragged about this in public, that way he threatened with ukraine with withholding a billion dollars of aid if theye didn't f prosecutor. that requires something looks into, if he s selling his office while vice president, he of course kneeled the assistance of the ukrainian government to get to the bottom of what

shappened while on theil. >> woodruff: whatever happened, it's widely deburveg by all the reporting i've seen. senator flake, what connc you this warrants an impeachment inquiry? >> the pure text o it, asking a foreign leader to help investige of your main political rivals and, not just that, involving the state department, you heard th tor general, in that effort. that is abuse ofth power. i don't know where this inquiry will go. it's tough to see the votes now there in the senate. i myself don't want to see see the president defeated in the next election, that would better, buto say that this doesn't merit an inquiry isust ignoring the evidence there. >> woodruff: but senator flake, explain why you don' believe an impeachment inquiry that the presint should be imimpeached? you're saying it warrants an

for the congress to pursue that. why? >> well, the constitution spellm out the reedy, in this case, but it doesn't requi that the congress impeach. given how the country is split, i just hope we don't come to that. it's very divisive in any circumstance, but where we are as country, it will be doublyfe so, and r the president will use it to his advantage if impeachment comes and not conviction, then it can be taken advantage of by the president.th that woun't be goodfor anyone. >> woodruff: chris buskirk, you were writing in the "newis york times" eekend that you also believe that for the democrats to pursue this will end up helpingthe president politically? >> yeah, i think that's exactly haght. i meani look back at the last two presidents who faced impeachment proceedings, and you lookack in when it was richard nixon, the vote in the house to proceed with a

inquiry was 410 to 4, and then when you fast forward to the '90s and we had president clinton, something like 250 t 178 or something like that, the point being it was a much more party-line vote at that time. and you look at the outcomes of those two things, and th, ey're very different, and that's because impeachment is obviously very divisive, highly partisan, highly political, and it's an odd thing to be doing right fore an election when you have a political process playi out and people certainly are going to look into ukraine and all kinds of other things as votases get ready to go to the polls, but it seems to me that the propriate way to pursue -- to try and win an election based on one of t issues and one ofthe issues may be who trump is, what he's done, what he hasan't done, but to pursue this now when line vote does not seem to auger well for one's political prospects, and i think that's

white ultimately benefits the president more than democrats. >> woodruff: senator flake, you have written in the last day or so that, again, you believe e president should be removed by the voters and not by impeachment, and you argue, for republicans, it's a matter o inciple. but if that's the case, why isn't it a matter of principleim to supporteachment? >> well, it may well be, depending on what the inquiry turns up. if there's just evidence coming out of additional abusof power, it may be that republicancan't ignoret it d will have to go forward with democrats.t you know, ibeing a partisan vote now iay not holf additional evidence comes forward, and there are a lot ofu oenas out there. there's a lot of information to be gathered, and things could change, and it could change in the senate, where enough of my former colleagues may sily say we've got to approach the president and do as was done in the early '70s with senator

goldwater and congressman john rhodes and say thers just no way out. it may come to that, depending on what's turneup by the inquiry. >> woodruff: what about that,s chskirk? >> yeah, it won't come to that. there's no way that will happen right in front of rian election. everybody will want to fight this out on political turf d let voters decide. whatever comes out of any inquiry, that seems to be the healthiest way for the republic to decide this tter which is make everything public, we know let voters decide in 2020 whichn way they want the country to g >> woodruff: and i want you to weigh in on this, senator flake, get at here, chris buskirk, is if there is a place -- and we don't know if, at this point, this is it -- for a president to be removed by impeachment and conviction, you're saying -- mean, how can you be so

confident that it's the wrong thing to do, then? >> is that to me or to senator flake? woodruff: to you. to me. i mean, look, if the accusation is based upon the transcript of this conversation thates ent trump had with president zelensky, that is not dispositive. noy ople believet is, and they can hold that political b opinio a vair large segment of the population looks it and says maybe no blem or look at it and say i don't like it but it's not an imimpeachable offense. i don't see a realistic scenar where you get to the required votes in the senate. yes we understand impeachment is aysolitical process that out in congress, but, at the same time, we have a deadlinof november 2020 when there's going to be an election, and i think that's ultimately what's goingch on wis democrats are trying to harm the president's reputation in advance ofthe

election, they think they can undermine voters'confidence in him and tht that will lead to an electoral victory rar than an actual removal from office. >> woodruff: senator flake, i mean, as we look at the next 15f monthse we get to the presidential election, what is congress' responsibility in terms of, you know, asking thiss ent to support this impeachment inquiry, demanding documents, i mean, how shoulds,i congress be approaching thi ha well, first, i don't share their confidenceyour other guest has that nothing will turn up, and it's not just what may or may not turn up, it's how tie president reacts to it andth reacts tos inquiry, and the evidence so far is not too well, which isn't going to give my former colleagues confidence in what might be there. so i think the responsibility ot congress io do the inquiry and to look and then to see whether or not they ought to

move forward. like i said, my preference would be to do it in the next electi, but if it comes to it, if there's more information, then they ought to do the constitutional duty and i wouldn't hesitate, if i were in the senate, to do that. >> woodruff: ormer senator jeff flake of arizona, chris buskirk, thank you very much. >> thank you. >> woodruff: after the most recent back-to-back mass shootings in el paso and dayton, democrats, including the party'n presidentialdates, renewed their calls for changes to gun laws. amna nawaz has more on where the candates stand. >> nawaz: many of th2020 candidates spent the day at a forum in las vegas, explaining how they would curb gun violence. as south bend indiana mayor pete buttigieg took the stage, he made clear all the democraticll candidates have a united goal.

>> i'm guessing that pretty mucn everybodhe parade of candidates you're about to see is going to call for universal tbackground checks, closi hate loophole, the charleston loophole, the boyfriend loophole, disarming domesticg abusers, enactd flag laws, extreme risk protection orders, banning the sale of t weapons like what i carried in afghanistan. know what we have to do >> nawaz: our john yang was at the rum today and joins me now. john, good to talk to you. we heard fr mayor butigieg right there and another candidate former vice president joe biden released his own plan to curb gun violence in the coy today. what was notable about that plan? >> well,m na, one thing -- amna, one thing notsable, he wa the last of the major candidates to release his gun violence plan and he chose this forum gaby giffords group and the group formed afteanthe parhigh school shooting and this shooting one day after the second anniversary of the

harvest musict fesotival sg here in las vegas that claimed 58 lives. fitting his role as the modera candidate, joe biden's plan had some moderatthpoints in it. e are three main points. he wants to expand background checks, but,nt impor, he wants to exclude sales between closmfamily mebers, that's an exclusion, very important to a lot of gun ownns. he also wants to restore the baassault weapon ban, thon manufacturing new assault weapons, and fisting assault weapons, he has a middle ground, not a mandatory buyback a voluntary buyback. owners of assault weapons would have to choose, under his plan, whether sell their weapon back to the government or undergo a background check d register in order to keep their t weapon. a middle ground on that issue. >> so, john, a lot of those things we heard mayor buttigieg list at the top, when we look

broadly at a lot of the candidates' plans as put pforwan elements. where are the areas ofmo disagreement the democratic presidential candidates now? >> that is true. that is soe of th main stream agreement among the canhedidate, but one candate in particularly today, senator cory booker of new jersey, tried to distinguish himself from the other candidates. national registry for gun owners.ne >> here's my message democrats -- the public is already there. well over 75% of america support gun licensing. this isn't about leadership. leadership is about bringing people along with you. the public is alrdy there. you should not be a nominefrom our party that can seriously stand in front of urban places i and saill protect you if you don't believe in gun licensing. this isn't about leadership, this is about you standing with the verwhelming majority of amicans on gun licensing.

>> reporter: another candidate, senator elizabeth warren of massachusetts, said the difference is the details in the individual plans aren't that importan >> this not going to be a one and done to fix this problem. it's not going to be a -- we'll get twteo stapassed and three regulation changed, problem fixed, because it won't be fixed. >> reporter: and in so many of the differences between theid caes on so many issues, it comes down to a breakdownss between proges and moderates, but on gun buybacks, here's what our latest "newshour" npr-marist poll und, it showed among democrats there's broad support, 70%ma support datory buyback for assault weapons, and look at th, there's nodifference between progressives and moderates, a cities asking tie, both about -- it's a statistical tie, both abo 70% suport that. >> you see the numbers. the candidates are saying the support is the among of a lot of the potential voters for some

of these reforms. as you mentioned, you're standing there on the site of the deiest modern shooting in u.s. history. i'm curious, a lot of the activists were there at the voting issue, how have theye a changed the conversation and what are you hearing fr them about these plans? >> yeah, producer meredith lee talked to a lot of the people here, the activists who are here, and we want to play some of that tape for you. we're hear from vr pacheo, 24-year-old from south central los angeles. >> so i really likes the plans of folks like senator sanders and warren, i really appreciate their, you know, focusing on lower income communities, communities that are only experiencing mass gunootings, experiencing daily gun violence throughout the community, and that are historically not tcused on when it com these issues. >> i want us to talk about the intersection of gun violence. i think that is a very important thing. the intersection of gun violence of mental health, with police

brutality, with crnai justice. it's a multi-facetted issue so it should address every side of gun violence, not just mass shootings or the kids from parkland, but the churches, concerts, streets and the cities. >> that was delaney tar, frorm parkland, florida, one of the co-founders of march for our lives. they have some differences, but coming together and agreeing on a lot of the broad strokes of gun control that one thing in common we heard not only amongnd the ates but among the activists here, they feel, in order to get meaningful gun control laws, they've got to defeat donald trump usr the white next november, and s ey've got to defeat the republico control theol senate. there was also a lot of talk here about the natcinal rifle asion about how corporate america controls politi and saying that the n.r.a. now no longer reprents gun owners but has become a lobby for

gun-mars. amna. >> john yang in las vegth a subject that's sure to be front thanks, john. the 2020 >> woodruff: china has historically been known moreor f the pollution it produces than the gas it saves. but china is now also the rld's largest market for electric cars. and china's electric vehicle market is transforming not only chinese automakers, but forcingn rnational companies to ramp up e.v. production as well. with the support of the pulitzer center, we return to our series, china: power and prosperity. special correspondent katrina yu begins her report in hefei, china. >> brangham: in one of the world's most advanced factories, this start-up is working to cars is driven by china.ctric

nio is descred as "china's tesla." it produces electric s.u.v.s foo ennmentally-consciouss. millenni each vehicle comes with an artificially intelligent dashboard robont nihao. >> reporter: access to drive- through, nio power stations that swap out dead batteries. and exclusive nio cbhouses. more than a car.i says nio is >>oe translated ): nio't only want to be an electric car brand, b a lifestyle brand. we hope to create a community which starts fm the car. it's about living well, living consciously and creating a happy way of living. >> reporter: that happiness is class. for china's upper-middle the es6 and es8 are priced between 40 to $70,000. li says chinese drivers are slowly seeing the benefits of owning an electric vehicle, but many still need to be convinced to make the switch from gas or

diesel. >> ( translat ): these days people still aren't familiar with electric cars and can have some misunderstandings. we need to provide a better environment for customers so they can betr understand the benefits. >> reporter: providing this hitter environment is exactly what the chinese government isdo trying t earlier this year, a state-owned fund injected nio with $1.4 billion. jand the government doesnt support companies, it also incentivizes consumers in beijing, zhu mengxiao'sic elecar is worth about $30,000 dollars. but after government subsidies,i a e only p$18,000. zhu took me for spin. ri china, owning a car is one thing, having tht to drive it can be another. to re overcrowding on roads the vernment carefully manag license plates.

residents can only get one irough a lottery, but the odds of winning are lyou're driving a gas guzzler. >> ( translated ): it's like a real lottery you may win the big prize with only one ticket, but there's also the chance you won't win anything your whole life! when we first applied for a license plate it was around 2010, and we wertiwaiting a long and didn't receive one for a gas-powered car. only after the exceptions appeared for electric cars, could we buy this car. >> reporter: zhu received her electric car licenselate within a few months. she was initially worried about the car's battery life, t says sle pros outweigh the cons.th >> ( traned ): with more advanced technologies, more people are likely to choose eltric cars. especially since the price of petrol fluctuates and often jumps. electric cars can be cheaper to use, and more eco-friendly. >> reporter: putting more eco-ly friears on china's roads is critical. just outside beijing, a coal plant belches smoke-- a remindem that chinans theorld's largest emitter of greenhouse

gases.f two thirdsina's electricity comes from coal. and it often leads to days like. th reducing air pollution is make cars green, sdustryign to analyst qiu kaijun. >> ( translated g is a serious problem, and car emissions are a part of that. so the government's goal of cutting emissions ised with its promotion of the electric vehicle industry. in total there arebout 400 million vehicles in china and everyday they produce a huge amount of emissions. if a number of those b electric then it will have a great impact. >> reporter: ectric cars are also key to reducing the country's rereance on foreign oil, says government advisor wei jianguo. country with few resources. local prodtion doesn't meet the country's needs, so china needs electric cars. since promoting them we reduced petrol consumption by nine million tons. >> reporter: that's a reduction of less than 1%. but with public transportion

increasingly going green, that figure is set to grow. top-selling electric vehicle manufacturer byd has turned the southern metropolis of shenzhen rely only on electric buses.to shenzhen alone now operates more in the world outside of china, combined. byd is also greening the city's taxi fleet-- almost all of the city's 22,000 cabs are electric. but some drivers wish they weren't forced to make the switch. >> ( translated ): electric taxi drivers definitearn less cacause it takes several hours to recharge the somemes we have to wait in line. two months ago i waited in line one hour o station.to charging then i me two hours to recharge. those are hours i could haveos been wor. >> reporter: but he has no choice. the central planners ochina's

government say they'reommitted to ensuring the electric vehicle market becomes a world leader. this year china imposed an emissions credit system that requires car manufacturers to reduce emissions below a certain omvel, or pay for credits other companies. that's an expenditure they wanth to avoid, so they are beingo red th aes tboomesc toanmpinte grnational cocarmakde at a plant in foshan in china's south, german automaker audi is building its first fully- electric car designed especially for the chinese market. brid plans to launch 30 and electric models around the world by 2025. china is audi's bit market. and china's drive for new energy vehicles, or n.e.v.'s, is impossible to ignore, says director executive heinz-willi tvehis isig a key element hin risk not to be able to offer

n.e.v. technology in the chinese market, so for us, not acceptable. we sell more than 30% of our caof, we target to have 40% our cars sold in china, we have several productions here in china. so for us it a key market. >> reporter: audi isn't the only global brand lining up to comply with china's e-strategy. ford and geral motors will also launch electric models made specifically for the chinese market by the enof this year. while teslfirst factory completion in shanai.earing but for chinese brands, there have been some speed bumps. nio is struggling with months of sluggish sales and reports off battery fires. the company has had to fire 10% of its workforce. and across the country, a weakening economy has reduced auto sales, including a 7% slump in electric vehicle sales.in t it hasn't helpt consumer subsidies began being scaled back in june, driving up the cost to buy one. nio se.o. william li downplay

concerns. he says his company and the electric industry overall, are just startinroto get on the . >> ( translat ): the car industry is constantly changing and there are always new we have more and more customers, and their situation is changing too. it is not easy and it takes time a reporter: but government regulations and massive market green cars, and thomentum towarm policymakers in beijing, not washington or califodria, are in thers seat. for the pbs newshour, i'm kaa yu, in hefei. >> woodruff: adaptive sports, which are recreational or competitive sports for people with disabilities, are growing in popularity, as are the skill

levels of the athletes. one of the fastest growing sports in the field is wheelchair tennis. william brangham went to t u.s. open in new york to talk yers. se th tomof t phelaop >> brangham: 28-year-old dana matthewson hits hard. she's the number one american women's wheelchair tennis player, competing at the world's ,top tournaments, includi this, her third u.s. open. mathewson started as a soccer player, but at age 10, she contracted a rare neurological disease which caused her immunea in a matter of minutes, she went from running on the raeld to being zed from the waist down. during this difficult time, her, ho's a doctor, encouraged her to try tennis as a way towa move for. competitive.nk they could be >> brangham: flash forward 19 years. mathewson has represented the u.s. in nine times.m tennis is theptember, playing for team

usa, she won a gold medal in doubles and a bronze in singles at the pan american games in peru. is it just as fierce? are you guys just as rough on each other and jt as brutal? >> definitely. i think moreo in a way, when you have a disability or you come back from certain hardships and then play a sport, that's a type of really resilienterson. >> brangham: that type of resilience is shown in other adaptive pro sports, like wheelchair basketball, wheelchair racing and skiing, all growing in popularity. >> respect has arrived. you are seeing the very very best skill level i would equate to the able bodied side. >> brangham: jason harnett is the u.s. tennis associion's head coach for the paralympic team. he's known mathewson she first picked up a raquet. the rules for wheelchair tennis are the same as for able-bodied tennis, one exception: you get two-bounces if players need the additional time to get to the ball. here at the u.s. open, the world's top eight men and topt eimen were competing, as

were the best four quadriple c players-- thoslewho have at ast three extremities affected by a permanent disability they compete in a separateio competn. >> there's no side to side. if you think about them using the chair, if i have to move to my left or my right, i actually pushto turn the chair a forwar ere is no cross step. out. >> brangham: jo wall directs the wheelchair tournament at the s. ope and she says, p have to hit the same tough shots-- but ey also have to quickly steer their chair, often making figure eights so they can track the ball, and be ready for the turn shot. >> it's in the maneuvering the chair that messes up the able bodied players when th get in. >> brangham: some big names in able-bodied tennis like novak djokovic and frances tiafoe ve tried playing from a chair and discovered just how hard it is. >> i always dreamed to be a profesonal sports player. w tennis, what i was meant to do. >> brangham: argentinian gustavo fernandez is the number one

ranked wheelchair tennis player in the world. in 2019, he's won the australiao open, the french open and wimbledon. when we caught up with him at the u.s. open, he was going for his final of the grand slams. fernandez has been in a wheelchair since he was a year old as a result of a spinal cors injury. >> i love to compete, it means everything to me and to keep achieving things, it's >> brangham: he said he feels a need to not only grow as a sport, in part to changeis perceptionom >>imes the ignorance makese you not seat it really is. oud once you take that concept wrong and learn it, you can see that it's a professionaf sport with high qualitthtennis. and k in that way, it will grow by itsem:. >> branghaernandez's matches are intens- on this day, he blew a tire on the hot court. >> there's the wheelchair technician. zangari.ham: enter michael

chief wheelchair technician. wheelchair tennis himself for 35 years, and basketball before that. he's ready, cotside, to repair titanium chairs th rungh ende >> if you take your conventional hospital chair or the ones you see in the airport or the ones i got my start in, i would relate >> brangham: a hum >> big, clunky. now comparing to these chairs, that's what you have out there, lamborghinis. >> brangham: wheelchair tennisra is slowly gaining traction.er are grassroots levels up to professional ranks, and the sport is represented at all four grand slam events ound the world. but it's not without its challenges: building a fan base, getting more sponsors, even fering higher prize money: wheelchair grand slam winners take home just over $33,000, compared to the millions for the able-bodied winners. certain players, like six-timeme

u.s. open singles champion and world number two, shingo kunieda of japan, have a literal following. ndter this recent doubles win with gustavo fer, fans flocked to him, but nowhere near enough to fill the cav stadium. officis are also hoping the sport will gain more parity when theop players compete in tournaments with a much larger pool of plers, as they did is. this year in st. l these more intimate venues help build community: the players ate together, pumped up their own tires, helped eachr other out, andly celebrated each other's achievements. fernandez and mathewson were part of that while remaing laser-focused on their goals. in new york, i asked them what drives them. >> but i that i get exposed to different things, the more that i realize what i can do with this disability and the things that it's afforded my life, the more atactually feel really ul for it, which is kind a weird thing to say. a lot of people... >> brangham: grateful? >> yeah, a lot of people

wouldn't really look at a disability and say that's a great thing.ea i think that's one of the more unfortunate attitudes th people have about disability, that if someone can't walk, their life must suck. this disability has allowed me to represent my country. i get to travel the world for a i get to play a sport for a ikving. >> ireally much what i do and i respect it and i think i'm quite good at it.i becaworked for it. so if there's 10 people, 10,pe0, one billiole watching it,ing for me, it will mean the same. s enra tm:ngheni tye plarayers are now on to strope r one ournament, and then they head to orlando for another. for the pbs newshour, i'm hiwilliam brangham in flusng meadows, new york. an woodruff: more than half the chil men in amerchools are students of color. but their teachers areer elmingly white.

in tonight's brief but spectacular we hear fromn african american biomedical engineer on why it is so important to see oursees in i front of the classroom. >> i had ts really powerful experience when i was a graduate student. i was attending one of my first major conferences. waere was a black woman wh a speaker. and the end of the session, iac ally stood up. at the time i was 23, and i said, "i have attended two ivy league institutions. i have studied physics and engineering, and this is the first time i've ever been in a room where the speaker was a black woman. and i let it soak in to the thousands of people sitting behind me, until that moment i never had someone who looked like me, teaching me. ay i've athought that seeing is believing so i have built optical instruments to be ablebo to see into th. and that's why i decided to dohy biomedical engineeri d and i

actual build microscopes to show how cancer spreads through the body. atstarted to see the role of the immune cells in rocess. and thinking of how i can use those immune cells to target the cancer cells in a way more effective way than just inserting ugs directly into the bloodstream. immune cells travel through our body. they have their own specialized networks. se.y go to places of d my thought here is, if they are already godig to places of ase, why not add an extra passenger? why not add a drug and atth it to the immune cells and then let them do what they normally do? i thought this could be used noh just for cancer, but ican be used for other diseases as well. when we first made this discovery, we were very excited. we had over 700 articles from our first publication on this work. i would get emails from people and they would say, "i've never seen a black woman in a lab coat being picted as having contributed to a major

discovery." i d have my little cousins when they saw me say, "i want to history month." for black when i am most personable, my students are also able to open up and talk about themselves and i tributing to ara geon of not only people oo might be scientists, but also people who into the world and take on many different eisciplines and i'm encouraging them to also be whole selves in their fields. and so i find that to be very nging, but awerful. i'm dr. elizabeth wayne, and thar is my brief but spectac take on the power of images in science and life. >> woodruff: and you can watch ulartional brief but spe episod on our web site, pbs.org/newshour/brief. on the newshour online, we mark the one-year anniversary of jamal khashoggi's deh with some of the questions that remain. find our story on instagram,

@newshour. d that's the newshour for tonight. i'm judy woodruff. join us online and again here tomorrow evening.mo for all of us at the pbs newshour, thank you e you soon. >> major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by: >> consumer cellular believes that wireless plans should reflect the amount of talk, text to learn more, go toe. consumercellular.tv >> and with the ongoing support of these institutions and individuals.

>> this program was made possible by the corporation for public brocasting. and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. captioning sponsored by newshour productions, llc captioned by media access group at wgbh access.wgbh.org

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