judy: good evening. i'm judy woodruff. on the "newshour" tonight, a view from inside the white house. the latest transcripts in the impeachment inquiry link the acting chief of staff mick mulvaney to a quid pro quo with ukraine. then, revealing the secrets of a master. explore the hottest new exhibit in paris at the louvre -- leonardo da vinci. >> he decided to base his art on science. he took a long time studyg geometry, mathematics, anatomy, evything. judy: and it's friday. mark shields and david brooks are here to analyze a blockbuster week of revelations in the impeachment inquiry, and the likely entrance of former new york city mayor michael

bloomberg into the 2020 presidential race. all that and more on tonight's pbs newshour. ♪ >> f majorunding for the pbs newshour has been provided by -- ♪ >> moving our economyye for 160 s. bnsf, the enginusthat connects >> consumer cellular offers no contract wireless plans, whether

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ation from viewers like you. thank you. judy:li threats and raising alarm bells. two new transcripts today, from those inside the white house national security council, add to a week of testimony made public in the impeachmenty. inqu all told, career diplomats and president trump's own appointees detail a coordinated effort touk influencine in irregular ways. lisa desjardins brings us up to speed. lisa:he this morning at thite house, a president with fighting words for the anonyms whistleblower who raised concerns about his ukraine policy. the whistleblower is a disgrace to our country. the whistleblower should be revealed. and his lawyer, whoaid the worst things possible two yea b ago, he shou sued, and may for treason. lisa: this was a defiant counterpunch after the

whistleblower's lawyer sent a cease-and-desist letter to the white house, saying president trump is threateningir t client. it warned, should any harm before any suspected whistleblower or their family, the bl with your client.ely in pushback as acting chief of staff mick mulvaney rejected a house subpoen to testify today. legally white house lawyers argue their staff is rim you -- is immune from subpo >> i don't want to give edibility to a corrupt witchhunt. lisa: within hours, the house deposition transcripts dropped. lieutenant colonel alexander viman and fiona hill, who left the nsc earlier this year. this in a week that marketing new phase in impeachment as house democrats moved to wrap up public ones next wgs and move to >> those open hearings will be

an opportunity for the american people to evaluate for themselves. lisa: democrats released some 2687 pages of testimony from behind closed doors this week. that was from eight key witnesses. six have roles at the state department. two were from the national security council. democrats see a pattern. >> we are getting increasing appreciation for just what took place during the course of the last year and the t degre which the president enlisted whole departments of goverent in the illicit game of trying to get ukraine to dig up dirt on a political opponent, as well as further conspiracy theory about th16 election that he believed would be beneficial to lisa: democrats point to reviseg

testimony fromordon sondland that he tiedilitary aid money to investigations the president wanted. other transcripts confirmed that sunland raised those investigations as a condition thfogs ukraine wanted. all eight agreed on one thing. rudy giuliani ran an outside channel to the president and the president was shifting ukraine policy andey riskingupport for ukraine. giuliani himself has not testified and has not been asked to testify by the house. in the past he has insisted he's done nothing wrong. icrepu say in these transcripts there is no direct link to the president for those orders about ukraine. they point out that gordon sondland testified that the president said no quid pro quo and informed -- and the ukraine envoy testified he heard nothing illegal from thehone callith the ukrainian president. republican jim jordan.

>> those facts are clear. ambassador volcker, in his testimony, the professional who has been focused on this, the special envoy to ukraine, backed imall that up in his testy. lisa: jordan himself, in a highly strategic maneuver, house republicans moved him onto the intelligence community, so that jordan can be part of questioning witnesses in public hearings. along with our nick schifrin. llo to both of you. a lot of reading today. yet again, you were saying .almost 800 pag tell us the main things that stood out. lisa: these are the two people who worked and one iwos still ing on the national security council. foreign policy and intelligence. they are experts on the subject matter. these are voices very highly

concerned about what was happening. from fiona hill and alexander vindman. they agree that the acting white house chief of staff was linked to the idea that ukraine needed to come up with something to get somethinfrom the united ates. and also it speaks to giuliani's motivations. why was he shing so hard in ukraine to oust an ambassador and to derail a process for the united states? finally, they talked about what they saw as a significant risk to the united states national security because it woulth be signalin it is no longer as strong of a supporter for ukraine. republicans say the democrats have strategically beeing forth the most damaging transcripts this wee on the other hand, perhaps some president have denot tond the testify. judy:ick, the first point lisa

made had to do with the white house acting chief of staff mick mulvaney. let's talk more about how he fits into this. nick:0 the key is a july meeting that fiona hill and alexander vindman testified today, or rhere got their depositions today. they were both in this meeting between u.s. and ukrainian officials. there is a photo of that meeting. u.s. officials, ukrainian officials, and the person second to the rht is gordon sondland, mbassador to the europe union. fiona hill says this is what happened. she says, ambassador sandland was talking about how he had an arrangement with chief of staff mulvaney for a meeting with the ukrainians if they were going to go forward with instigations. this is the first time we know government official

xplicit, ukraine's government had to conduct two vestigations into the 2016 that hunter bidenn they company board of, before ukraine's mpresident cout president trump. that order, according to ndland, was authorized,ck by ulvaney. this is what alexander vindman says. he says, ambassador somebody emphasize the importance the investigations. vindman says before that point it had been discussed by rudy giuliani, and at that meeting, national security advisor john bolton turned to fiona hl and said, whatever mulvaney and some blend were doing, he carded a judy: the question is, if mulvaney was doing that, where did that comegi from, and

iani? lisa, we ore noty looking at what he's doing, but beginning to understand why he was doing it. lisa: thisee hasa central question for me all week. fiona hill had a lot to say about this. she is a former intelligence officer. she worked in this field. she is someone who looks at people's motivations and strategy. she had something to say about this. let's look at her quote about giuliani and why the u.s. amkrssador tone was being pushed out. she said the most obvious explanation seemed to be business dealings of individuals who wanted to improve theirit investment pns in ukraine and to deflect away from the findings of the ellereport, but also the senate report. the business dlings, she mentions a name that i had not seen in testimony before, an oil billionaire in florida. she says he wafunding

giuliani's efforts in the interest of the energy sector. she goes on to talk about the mueller report and said that she felt giuliani was trying to distra from negative headlines about the mueller report. judy: all of this raising so many more questions. nick, you follow national security and foreign affairs. we have to ask this question. hearing so much about ukraine, about russia, what are the implications of all this? nick: we heard from all of those people, unanimity that the official policy that -- president trump's official policy toward ukraine was helping ukraine in terms of economic, military, a diplomatic assistance, and that was important to u.s. naonal security, and the irregular policy, led by gordon sondland,

rudyal giuliani, was detrime to u.s. national security and helpful to russia. hifion called the investigations that giuliani was advocating conspiracy theories, d focusing on them meant the s. was less prepared to prevent 20/20 meddling. vindman said, i realize that if ukraine pursued investigations, it would be interpreted as a partisan play which would result in ukraine losing the bipartisan support it has maintained and undermine u.s. national security. president trump's policy was to the consensus of the entirenst administration. judy: these policy implications, lisa, tomorrow we will learn from republicans -- lisa: they have the chanceo

ask their own witnesses. they will lay out who they would like. under the res, some democrats must agree for those witnesses to be called. i r knowublicans are going to say they want to call the anonymous whistleblower. would be surprised if any democrat agrees to that. we will see who republicans want to talk to. judy:it the public hearings that start next week. lisa de chardinnick schifrin, thank you both. next week, pbs newshour will begin specl live coverage of the house impeachment hearings on wednesday, november 13,ast 10:00 a.m.rn. check your local listings. all of our coverage will also stream live on our website and on youtube, facebook and twitter. ♪ stephanie: good evening. h'm stephanie sy at ne west. judy woodruff will be back with

the rest of the program after the latest headlines. are learning tonight that the largest sociaor media pla, facebook and youtube, are making moves to protect the whistleblower lisa just mentioned in her report, banning y mentif the government employee's name. facebook says naming the person violates its policy which prohibits material that could identify a "witness, informant, or activist." youtube is using machine learning and human review to scrub videos containing the name. twitter will contuine ow the name to spread. a new book paints president trump as unfit to be commander-in-chief and claims senior officials considered resi last year in protest. the author is the same anonymous administration official who ote last year of internal resistance to the president. the washington post says the book says mr. trump stumbles, slurs, gets confused, and s trouble synthesizing

information. the white house has dismissed it as lies. fstormer white houstegist steve bannon testified today that one of the president's longtime confidants -- roger stone -- was a -- quote "access point" to wikileaks. it was the first time a trump cainaign official ackoweldge court that it had sought material from wikileaks, which released hacked emails from hilary clinton's 2016 campaign. bannon was subpoenaed to appear as a witness in stone's federal criminal trial. stone is charged with witness tampering and lying to congress. in iraq, the leading shiite cleric, grand ayatollah ali al-sistani, appealed for the governmentvio stop using olence against protesters. but the day brought more chaos to the southern city of basra, where securi forces fired tear gas to disperse crowds. new clashes also broke out in baghdad. >> we call for reforms, security for all citizens in iraq. securityre forcesiring live

ammunition. stephanie: tensions spiked in northeastern syria today, when a turkismilitary vehicle ran over and killed a protester. he was among a group who chased and lted a joint turkish russian patrol with stones. the patrols are aimed at keeping kurdish fighters away from the turkish-syrian border. brazil's foer president luiz inacio lula da silva walked free out ofrison today. the leftist leader's supporters greeted him outside. his release follows a ilian supreme court ruling allowing inmates to remain free while they appeal their convictions. da silva, commonly known as lula , is appealing a corruption and money laundering case that put him behind bars in 2018. secretary of state mike pompeo challenged nato nations today to irspend more on tommon defense in the face of russian and chinese challenges. he spoke in berlin, germany, helping commemorate tomoow's 30th anniversary of the fall of the berlin wall. >>s we celebrate, we must also

recotize treedom is never guaranteed. it doesn't just happen. today authoritarianism is just a stones throw away. if we are honest, it never really went away come:etely. stepha pompeo also unveiled a statue of president ronald. ragan at the ubassy in berlin. it overlooks the site where in soviets tear down ll. the we will return to the niversary, after the news summary. there was new unrest in hong kong today, after a university student fell from a paing garage and later died. it was a rare tality in the 5 months of protests, but police tactics anddo condemn justice. later, thousands of mournersth gathered at garage to pay their respects. lck in this country, fede health officials report a possible breakthrough in the cause of vaping-related illnesses. and prevention saubstanceontrol called vitamin e acetate turned up in the lung fluid of 29

patients. it is used in vaping products sold on the black market. vaping has sickened more than 2,000 people. social media users may like this or not. instagram's ceo announced that some users in the u.s. will see eir "like" button disappear as soon as next week. adam mosseri said at a "wired" tonference that the idea i "depressurize instagram, make it less like a competition." the company's already been itesting hiding "like cou other countries. still to come, t wall came down, but what came next? the fall of the berlin wall, thirty years later. mark shields and david brooks break down the final week before open hearings in the impeachment inquiry. and leonardo da vinci at the loere -- an inside look at year's biggest exhibit. ♪ >> this is the pbs newshour, from weta studios in washington,

and in the west, from walter cronkite school of journalism. judy: as we reported earlier, hthis weekend marks the 3 anniversary of one of the most important historic events of the 20th century. the tearing down of the berlin wall. the east german ctatorship collapsed and shortly afterwards so did other totalitarianac regimess the former soviet bloc. as theall fell, so then did the iron curtain. but as special correspondent malcolm brabant reports from politically re-unified, but in many ways, it's still divided. malcolm: 30 years after its demise, just a few hundred yards of the berlin wall remain as a reminder. >>wa the berlin walnot only a separation between the city have, it was a separation of europe.

>> it represented the dictatorship. it made east germany, the so-called german democratic p republic, a huson. malcolm: nearly 2000 peopleere lled as they tried to breach the wall. erected in 1961 by the soviet led eastern block to protect their ideology. alexandra hildebrand runt the check poarlie museum, which honor the courage of people like this family that crossed the iron curtain in a homemade hang glider. >> the wish of the people to be free is stronger than the forces of the world. malcol former sovietresident gorbachev was a catalyst to the change, with his policies of opness. in the autumn of 1989, gorbachev visited east germanynd urged its hard-line leaders to reform.

antigovernment demonstrations ttensified, offering hope east german historian stefan voll are, frustrated by his ability to travel outside the c.mmunist b >> in autumn of 1989, we wanted freedom. the ll of the wall was a rprise that took place faster th >> my heart was beating faster and i thought, this is madness. maker 30 years ago. the former tank commander and foreign ministry official fashioned one of the most important events of the 20th century. >> people said, do you want to climb up? dii was stan on top of the wall. i thought, this is impossible. i jumped down on the others of the wall and said, i'm in the west.

>>ph thio was done by the stasi, when i became a prisoner. malcolm: vera's credentials helped her become a lawmaker in angelace merkel'er-right party aft reunification. >> i know of nobody whoho tught they might be able to get rid of the wall. so it was a victory of which we had never dreamt. lcolm: to reinforce that viasory, western consumerism engulfed checkpoint charlie. once a tense frontie crossing in the no man's land of mutually assured destruction, now an essential stop on the selfie bucket list. the berliwall may haveen a symbol of dictatorship, the antithesis of democracy, but to the west it also represented certainty because it defined global divisions. >> during tharcold the

world was easier. everything was related to the conflict with the soviet union. malcolm:eter was born and raed in bavaria, in what was west germany. >> the west supported afghanistan because they were fighting the soviet union, but we inadvertently created the people who are now fighting us as jihadists. we didn't realize that at the time because our only thought pattern was in terms of the cold war. while it was easier, that doesn't mean it was correct. malcolm:e he doesn't believe reunification of germany has been a total success. the ea german economy was moribund and many of itsbo intensive industries collapsed once exposed to free-market forces.

schnider has documented the changingf fortunes o his home city, berlin. >> i have thought if you take one generation to reunify the germans, it would be more than two generations.pe ople around 50, if they left their job, toy had n chance to find another one. many of them see the reunification as anf act imperialism. >> suddenly an enormous amount of people lost their jobs. naturally they were disappointed and said, so iois is unific what good are freedom and democracy if i have no job? malcolm: successive german governments have spent heavily in the former east to try to raise living standards. peter says financial investment alone can't counter divisions. >> east germany never really confronted germany's past. in western germany, we were

taught that we inherited the legacy of nazism and we had to make up for it, whereas in east germany, people were taught, you are the successors of the people the nazis fought against, the communists. malcolm: anti-semitism surfaced last month in the birthplace of cposer george frederick handel. ose to his statue in thi eastern city, mourners of the two people shotead by a neo-nazi after he failed to enter the city synagogue on yom kippur. >> our history is like a shame that now things like this can happen. malcolm: at the synagogue, a community leader feared germany may no longer be a place that jews can call home. >> i is not a question to jewish community. it is very iortant that the

governments in all countries find the special medicine. malcolm: it isn't just jews who feel under threat. chard came from sudan to study at leipzig. he was here when the wall fell ande settled in what thought was a welcoming country. now he is too scared to go out at night. >> they insult you simply because you are black. people are being beaten up, chased from places. as alack man, if you go to the pub, g you scared. yo ku don'tw what would happen to you. malcolm: he says attitudes changed in 2015 after chancellor angela merkel through open germany's borders. the influx appalledaura lankford. >> too many of them detest

western way of life. they don't respect democracy and its rules. they don't respect women's rights. i feel this will destabilize our society. malcolm: masfumigration has eled the rise of the right wing afd or alternative for germany party, where many felt like second-class citizens after unification. is the parties and aa grandstands responsible for inflaming racism? >> i don't think it is true. we are just taking the worries of the people seriously andon reto them. you can't even discuss issues about immigration in parliament. immediately you are branded a racist. this is a very unfair situation. just ask how much can this country accept -- malcolm:of but after the fal the wall, international borders lost their aura of permanence.

>> the message is that everyone, every pson can be free, must be free. malcolm: but if the wall's specter means that east and west germans won't fully embrace for another generation, then migrants have their own iron curtain to navigate before this complex nation accepts them, if indeed it er will. ♪ judy: as the impeachment inquir continues to ramp up ahead of next week's public testimonies, the race for the 2020 democratic presidential nomination continues and a form new york city mayor may throw his hat into the ring. to hp us make sense of it al are shields and brooks. that's syndicated columnist mark shields and new york times columnist david brooks. hello to both of you.

we had a qui week. you know better than that. mark, lisa added up almost 2700 pages ofracripts, testimony, and current and ftimer administ officials in the impeachmentnquiry the president says it is a witchhunt. others have different views. what does it addto uor you? mark: it adds up to the hoax charge has been rebutted and refuted. i think republicans on the mmittee didn't lay a glove on any of the witnesses. it shows to me what one person standing up, the whistleblower, did. it inspired and energized people theer whistleb's initial

statement has been fortified and ratified and certified by subsequent witnesses. david:ha even more guilty last week. we are learning the same story over andver again. the quid pro quo really was a quid pro quo. jit was nt a phone call. it was a concerted campaign. the questions to me are, where did it all start? tdid donamp think of this conspiracy theory in his head? how did it get in his head? second, how clear a role did giuliani play? will republicans try to throw giuliani under the bridge, the bus, whatever you throw people under? those are still remaining. i think we've learned nhing dramatically new. mark: we went from no quid pro

quo to quid pro quo but no felony judy: because the white house is acknowledging now. mark: so the lindsey graham's of the world that saidhere was no quid pro quo to begin with -- there is no coherent basis to the republicanwaefense in any in part because i don't think there is one. david: it has become clear that there's tensions in the white house. between barr and trump, between mulvaney and trump. should we have a press conference clearing the president? barr doesn'want to do that. you are beginning to see some tension in the white house as people look over their shoulders. david: one thing to add, theop have stood up, put their career at ris and there have

to be dozens of other people who wereust as aware, just as informed, and just as alarmed who remain silent. i think it is fascinating that people are doing so at their own riskmi it is a er that the hottest places in hell are those who remain neutral. they have to be terribly uncomfortable. dy: more next week about who is willing and who isn't. we are going to have open public hearin startingext wednesday. how does that change the dynamic? we've already seen a lot of material. david: thisor isa public education campaign. i would be surprised if we learn much new. the public hearings are to educate the voters. have any of us talked to a trump their mind about donald trump?ge i have not.

ti do expect this to change any minds. people are locked in about this guy. nothing has changed their minds in three years. judy: if that is the cas -- do you agree with david? mark: i don't. i don't think you can understand the impact until you see the face and hear the voice of the people in this case putting wneir own careers, their professional lives at risk. thesere people with very impressive credentials. i rall watergate, which was 45 years ago, en all of a sudden there was a voice that said, yes, there ia taping system in the white house, and the impact that had. i don'trs think you can ote.

david: when watergate happened, if you asked americans -- peopln have high views of what is going on in washington and they are not likely to grant it legitimacy. inatgate, republicans and democrats were different, but they did not seem to be iner dit universes. now they are in different iverses and the cost of admitting your party is wrong seems ruinous. that is why they sticko their party, because the cost of their party losing is the end of their own ves. judy mark, all this happening electionuly begin a year we are getting closer to the primaries in january. if the house does vote to impeach and continue on, a senate trial in early 2020, buth

e is a presidential campaign underway. today or this week, the news is that theormer mayor of new york city, michael bloomberg is looking seriously at it, filing today apparently in alabama to run. what does this say about the race, that he's decided to get in this late, or seriously think about it? mark: michael bloomberg things he should be president. michael bloomberg has always thought he should be president. i don't think there's a craving in the country for a fiscall responsible, culturally liberal -- i don'tecall any primaries in the battleground states recently. he's got a great sonry to tell pely. he's done great work on gun tcontrol a climate. but i look at the record of new york mayors in national politics.

i remember the excitement that accompanied john. linds i remember rudy d giulianng in florida. and bill de blasio most recently. ere isn't a national craving for new york mayors. but ybe mike bloomberg will enjoy clam bakes. judy: but he does have another identity as well, as aib mulionaire. david: i give himgh much chances than i think mark does. i think the is anxiety about biden. will he take on biden directly? i think he has to. i think there's going to be a direct challenge from bloomberg to biden. i do think there's room.

i think there's room for a candidate to say, i just know how to run things. so as long as the moderate lane is not held by a strong incumbent, i think there' room for either buttigieg or bloomberg. i think the happiest person tonight has to be elizabeth warren. the erance of a moderate in the race has to dilute the vote. mark: i agree with david on the elizabeth warr part. he's suggested that her wealth btax, whichically is popular with voters, isti uncotional. the one thing to look forward to , becauswe cover politics, is this. the old maxim that all politics is local, all politics is national -- all politics is personal. if there is anything that is personal, the feud between

donald trump and michael bloomberg -he said, the richest thing about donald trump is his hypocrisy. he really skeweredrump and gave us a preview of what to expect. judy: but mark, should joe biden or the other moderates be worried? markure. he's got $51 billion. joe biden has money problems. after south carolina, nevada, we go to basically a money primary. super tuesday and california, he can buy his way in. but is there going to be a connectionoint between mike bloomberg and democratic voters? hn lindsay was a republican and became a democrat. rudy wasam a democrat and ba republican. new york mayors don'tme seem to own on one side or the other. understands iowa.he hasn't alwan

the way he ran the gun control campaign was foolhardy. i think that was a message bound to fail. umt who knows? he's not aguy. he wouldn't run unless he thought he had a real path. judy: state and local ehections people especially looking at virginia, kentucky, mississippi. do we see anything that tells us about next year? mark: yes. virginia is now more democratic than the country. atit is a blue hillary clinton's margin was twice as large in virginia as it was nationally. they now hold the governorship as well. kentucky, matt bevin,brasive, had gratuitous fights, accused

people of all sorts of things with vicious attacks. that t in a sta republican should lose in. andy beshear -- david: i think the bevin is more bevin than trump. wh everyone is noticing about this is what we've been noticing all along. the suburbs are not republican territory anymore. in pennsylvania, since i wassw born, thg area was the philadelphia suburbs. they seem pretty democratic right now. republicans are doing a little thtter out west, but if you want to know where alpeople are, they are in the philadelphia suburbs. if that trend is repeated nationally, that is very good for democrats. mark: i the other ohealth care. andy beshear -- the affordable

care act, the expansion of medicaid, think about that. what really wins. they won in 2018 onafreserving thrdable care act, pre-existis, conditind extending medicaid coverage. judy: and this is in a red state. mark shields, david, thank you. ♪ judy: please do stick around for biggest art show, da vinci at the louvre.fi but, tonight's brief but laughs.ar brings us some scott aukerman helped launch one of the internet's most popular talkshow spoofs, between two ferns. a reofnder, don't take muc what aukerman says here too seriously. his story, is part of our

ongoing canvas coverage of arts and culture. >> this is for pbs? ah, my people. >> between two ferns started when i was doing a television pilot. it was a sketch show. i asked zh if he could do small piece on it. he said, i always wanted to do a public access talkshow. basically,ou have just a black background. you have a break one here. ightly nicer. >> ' don'know if they are ferns. >> the tv show ended up not going forward. a couple months later, we put it on a new website called funny or di millions of people watched it. celebrities kept callings up, asking if they could do it. >> my guest today is justin

bieber. is it really upsetting -- does it make youic to look in the mirror and see how handsome you are? actor, writer, comedian, producer, which of larry david's skills do you admire the most? >> president obama was somebody we wanted to land. what is it like to be the last lack president? >> seriously? what is it like for this to be the last time you talk to a president? >> i wanted to prove it was at the white house. >> don't touch that, please. >> i aually loved the experience of doing the hillary clinton one more. we shot for over an hour and laughed a lot. with obama it was all business. five minutes aft he walked in the room, they whispered, the president has to go. >> d are yn with tpp? >>'m not down witht pp.

>> you are supposed to say, yeah, you know me. >> don't tell me what to say. >> t i think i wing to do a very serious, but funny ligh now, i am basically just doing a joke interview. >> what do you have in your pocket there? >> a little communicator. >> it looks to me like listerine breath strips. >> guys, call off the attack. >> i am essentially pying kind of buffoon who doesn't really care about the answe, much like yourselves, presumably. 't know whether that i because that is my real feelings or whether i just think it is more entertaining. but i do think it is more entertaining. my name is scott aukerman and this is my brief take on my life in comedy. judy: you can find more episodes

of our brief but spectacar series on pbs.org. ♪ judy: now to the blockbuster exsbition of the year, perh of many years. a celebration of leonardo 5 vinc years after his death. lines are long, tickets are hard to come by. to see the work of an artist who was born in italy and died in france. and who came to define what we mean by renaissance man. jeffrey brown got there befo the crowds and has our report, part of our ongoing canvas coverage of arts and culture. jeffrey: leonardo da vinci thought of painting as a science. how could light and shadow

create a sense of movement? what isth ben the surface of bodies or rock formations? how does that affect the way they appear to our eyes? rghow can human emotions e from the most subtle and nearly endless applications of paint? >> his contemporaries and still today, when we have a lookt his paintings, we are amazed because they look like nothing other. jeffrey: vincent delieuvin is at paris' louvre museum.ion now >> he decided to base his art on science, but as he wanted to reproduce all nature, he had toe understand allature. geometry, mathematptics,tudying earth to be able to reproduce it in his paintings. jeffrey:n display, some 160 works, including pages of notebooks showing leonardo's endless curiosity, studies by a

young leonardo paired with a magnificent sculpture by his teacher, verrocchio. there are drawings. th famous vitruvian man. a swirling deluge. a lovely a delicate madonna and child. and then there are the paintings. only about 15 surviving paintings can be confidently attributed to leonardo -- experts differ on the exact number. but nine of them are here, all world famous, even if not all finished. leonardo worked on his canvasses fur years, experimenting with an effect he calledto'-- the smoky shadings that create blended transitions between shadow and light, tones and colors. the result, lifelike vibrations as in the late portrait of st. john the baptist. >> on the face, it is absolutely

wonderful. and please have a look at the wonderful lip, theose and how the shadows are painted and give the impression of vibration to the smile and give life to the expression. jeffrey: a big reason the louvrn was able to mount this exhibition is that leonardo spent the last years of his life in frae. and he brought with him several importantaiings to a large home about two hours from here. in the loire valley town ofjo amboise, we ined french writer serge bramly, author of an claimed 1988 biography of leonardo that he's continued to update. >> leonardo was looking for a patron who had some ambitions. the same ambition he had. jeffrey: which was what? >> which was everything. jeffrey: the powerful patron, king francis the first, gave leo nardo a chateau called clos luce, a short walk from the royal castle. by that time, inis 60's, ardo sported his bearded

philosopher look familiar from a portrait by a youngerry contempohat's shown in the louvre w by all accountking the gardens here and throughout his life, leonardo was outgoing and had many friends. >> freedom was so important for leonardo. jeffrey: he was gay and also a vegan, opposed to killing animals.how did people in his te him? that even the king of france would want to bring him here? >> they were astonished, just like we are. because they couldn't understand how one man could doo many things. and at the same time, be the most handsome, the most pretty, good looking man. incredible singer, musician, horseman. ey called him divino for dine. jeffrey: inside the chateau, a recreation of leonardo's life here. including a studio with reproductions of two of the paintings he brought with him

and contued to work on. >> leonardo says that in his work there are two steps. the first one he called image of something withe exact photography. but that's not art. mirrors do that and mirrors are not very arty. and the second step is what he called the idea or concepto -- the idea, the concept behind it. hleonardo wrote a lot abo art. he says painting is a fiction.t it's ality. it's a fiction, but it's a fiction that tells great thingsh but also ye to move the viewer. enough. just pretty, it's emotions, to your heart or your brain. it has to move you and change you. jeffrey: the greatest example oo alcourse, is back at the louvre.

the mona lisa. and this is as close as any ofli us will ly ever get. itven its enormous populary, some 30,000 visitors a day, museum officials have kept it in its regular space. but it is in the exhibitioin an infrared reflectograph version that exposes the lines beneath the surface of the most famous smile in art history -- more insight into how leonardo worked. one work not here, the still controversial salvator mundi. after several leading experts decided it is by leonardo -- >> we moved to the leonardo da vinci. jeffrey: it sold at auction in20 for a record 450 million. here instead, a copy from the same period. and there were other curatorial dramas, including a last-minute lawsuit to keep therale vitruvian man from leaving its

the suit failed, making curator vincent delieuvin a happy, if tired, man. everybody in the louvre museum is today absolutely conscious that that was the most difficult exhibition we ever organized. jeffrey: this was the most difficult? >> the most difficult. clearly. you know, when youre a curator of an exhibition, you are a little bit crazy. you want everything. but at the w endt we wanted to say on leonardo da vinci is already there and expressed with the works we have here. jeffrey: leonardo da vinci was 67 when he died in amboise in 1519.ou ide the small chapel where he was laid to rest, serge bramly reflected on his lasting impact. >> it's a kind of model for today's man and woman of a man so curious of everything that he says it's not impossible to

understand life, things, the jeffrey: the louvre's leonardo exhibition runs through february 24th, 2020. for the pbs newshour, i'm jeffrey brown in paris. ♪ judy: on t newshour online, help patients for decades, butan now researcherphysicians are looking how it can also help health care providers who are a risk of severe stress and burnout. you can learn more on our website, pbs.org. and a correction before we go. dna and law enforcement, we stated that brian dripps was charged and convicted for e murder of angie dodge. he has been charged, but not convicted. his trial is set for june 2021.

newshouregrets the error. andhat is the newshour for tonight. i am judy woodruff. have a great weekend. >> major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided b bnsf railway. consumer cellular. >> suppoing social entrepreurs and their solutions to the world's most pressing problems. skoll foundation. >>li the wilam and flora gila foundation. for more than 50 years, advancing ideas and supporting institutions torote a better world. and with the ongoing support of these institutions. and friends of the newshour.

this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting, contributions to your pbs westation from vrs like you. thank you. >> this is pbs newshour west, froma w studios in washington and from the walter cronkite school of jrnalism. [captioning performed by the national captioning institute, which isesponsible for its caption content and accuracy.] >>

tonight on kqed newsroom, san francisco voters cast ballots on ngasures rag from affordable housing to deciding whether to keep ba on e-cigarettes. we'll look at the outcome of those votes. and two races that are still too close to call. pressure builds to turn pg&e into a publicly owned utility as governor gavin newsom meets with top executives in sacramento. bay area news outlets team up in silicon valley. the impa ey're having on the region's housing crisis. good evening and welcome to kqed newsroom i'm scott shafer. we begin tonight with a look at the reanlts from san frcisco's election earlier this week. on tuesday voters in san francisco headed to the polls. they decided the